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Historical Development of the

CITY of CAUAYAN
Province of Isabela
Researched by:
Troy Alexander Gozum Miano, DPA
Commissioned by:
Hon. Mayor Bernard Faustino La Madrid Dy
Philippine Copyright 2014 September 8

PRE-SPANISH SETTLERS
In the beginning, the land now known as Cauayan City in the mid-southern part of the
Province of Isabela in Cagayan Valley Region in Northern Philippines, was first roamed
and settled by dark skinned and kinky haired pygmies who arrived in the island of
Luzon during the Stone Age about 25,999 years ago. The Negrito Atta (Aeta) peoples
of modern times were relatives of the first settlers of northeast Luzon.

Between 200 B.C. and 300 A.D., colonizing expeditions of Indo-Malay peoples, the
forefathers of the founders of Cauayan, arrived along the northern coast of Luzon. The
Gaddang people were one of the many Indo-Malay tribes. They found the Cagayan
River watershed sparsely occupied by long-established Aeta, while the hills were
already populated by the more-recently arrived Igorot (thought to originate from
Taiwan as late as 500 B.C.). The Indo-Malay colonists practiced swidden (slash-and-
burn based shifting cultivation) farming, and developed successful littoral and riparian
societies as well; all economies which demand low population density. Whenever there
were population increases following economic success or continued in-migration, the
Indo-Malays were forced to move. Over many generations they spread inland along
the Cagayan River and its tributaries. As Gaddangs occupy lands further away from
the mouth of the river than most Indo-Malay groups, they may be considered likely to
have been among the earliest to arrive.

The Gaddangs were the founding citizens in the City of Cauayan including the towns
of Angadanan, Luna, Alicia, Santiago and parts of Aurora, Gamu (Dalig), Reina
Mercedes, Naguilian, and Tumauini. The name derives from a combination of the
words ga which means “heat” and dang which means “burned” referring to their
much darker complexion compared to other peoples of the Cordilleras and Cagayan
valley.

SPANISH COLONIZATION
On February 13, 1565, the fifth Spanish expedition led by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
(1502-1572) conquered Cebu, Panay, the neighboring islands in the Visayas and finally
Manila on May 19, 1571. Legazpi’s nephew, Captain Juan de Salcedo (1549-1576)
conquered the regions along Laguna de Bay, Paracale (now a town in Camarines
Norte), Ilocandia until he reached Cagayan via the coastline of northern Luzon.

In 1583, Cagayan, from where the future Isabela province and the City of Cauayan
would be carved, was recognized as an alcaldia and officially called La Provincia del
Valle de Cagayan with the old settlement of Lal-loc (christened Ciudad de Nueva
Segovia and officially named as Lal-lo) as the capital.

In 1591, Don Luis Pérez Dasmariñas entered La Irraya by way of Nueva Vizcaya. La
Irraya (Addaya and Yrraya in other manuscripts) region comprised the vast area from
Tuguegarao in Cagayan province up to the present Gamu town. In 1594, upon orders
of Governor-General (1590-1593) Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas, Captain Fernando de
Berramontano invaded and conquered the Irraya. The territory;

however, of what is now Cauayan City was not conquered by the Iberians for the next
100 years and the Gaddangs roamed freely in their domain.

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In 1702, a mission led by the Dominican Frays Jose Rezabal, Baltazar Andueza, Juan
Pinta and Andres Gonzales reached Carig in an attempt to colonize Llanuras del Diffun.
The plains of Diffun, now known as central-southern Isabela, comprised all settlements
south of Irraya: Callering (now Reina Mercedes), Cauayan, Angadanan (now Alicia),
Camarag (near Echague), Lappau, Carig (now Santiago) and San Luis (now a
barangay of Diadi town near the Cordon boundary).

On May 25, 1736, the Dominicans led by Fray Diego dela Torre left Ilagan after he was
commissioned by Dominican Provincial Jeronimo Ortiz to go to southern Isabela and
get the consensus of the natives for a project to cross the Caraballo to Nueva Ecija. He
reached Itugod on May 27, then to Cauayan (old site – Calanusian) and then to Carig.
Fulatao (Fulatan in other manuscripts) of Carig, Danao of Gapat (a mountain village
halfway between Isabela and Nueva Vizcaya) and later Ansimo of Ambayan (in the
mountain of Abungol) helped in the establishment of the route going to the Augustinian
mission of Bujay (in Aritao town) passing through the settlements of Dappar,
Sicaddanun, Sipatol (now San Luis of Diadi town) to Lumabang (Solano), Bayombong
then to Bujay. Fray Dela Torre created the mission of Santa Cruz de Paniqui which
comprised the Llanuras del Diffun and Paniqui which was from Calanusian (then the old
site of Cauayan and now part of Reina Mercedes town) to Bayombong. The
missionaries established a road network starting from Itugud to Calanusian, passing
through Cauayan, Angadanan (now Alicia), Camarag and Carig to Dicapol crossing
the Caraballo Heights to Bagabag passing by Bujay and finally crossing the Caraballo
del Sur over to Pangasinan. The Dominicans called these activities entradas. Disguised
as an Igorot, Fray Jose Tomas Marin had the honor of first crossing the mountains from
Carig to Aritao. The first entrada led to the unsuccessful negotiations with the Mengal
Ansimo of Carig.

On July of 1737, to renew negotiations with the Yogads and Gaddangs, four
missionaries, Frays Manuel Moliner, Jose Tomas Marin, Romualdo Molina and Luis Pedro
de Sierra, were sent from Manila. Accompanied by their military escorts, they
penetrated Yogad territory along the Magat River from Itugod. On the banks of the
Magat in Cauayan, they held meetings with Mengals Ansimo of Ambayon, Fulatao of
Carig and Dibulag of Dibulag. The mengals refused them passage and imposed
severe conditions. This was recorded as the second entrada.

FOUNDING OF CAUAYAN PUEBLO

The first missionary to stay for some days in Cauayan was Dominican Fray Diego de la
Torre, then vicar of Ilagan. He was ordered by Father Provincial to explore the territory
of Diffun (southern Isabela) for missionary work. Fray De la Torre left Ilagan on May 25,
1736, passed by Itugud and arrived in Cauayan a few days after. The reception of the
Gaddangs were not propitious. They burned the hut where he was supposed to stay.

In 1738, Fray Diego de la Torre returned to Cauayan in the company of three other
Dominican missionaries; Frays Luis de Sierra, Jose Marin and Romualdo Molina. This time
their stay was more profitable through the help of an influential Gaddang woman “who
helped the religious, let them stay in her house, favored them with her influence and
defended them against those who desired to do them harm.”

But the priest who could be considered Cauayan’s founder was Fray Antonio del
Campo, O.P. In one of the official reports: “Fray Antonio del Campo can be considered
the founder of the towns from Cauayan to Bayombong. He wrote much about said
towns, the roads, etc.”

On September 8, 1739, Cauayan was founded civilly with Calanusian as the first town
site. The new pueblo was located, according to Frays Manuel Moliner and Jose Tomas
Marin, by the right bank of the Magat River “about seven leagues from Itugud (Gamu),
and about two leagues from the first village of the Kalingas called Carig, and about

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one and one-fourth league from Itugud River.” The pueblo started its operation the
following year in 1740.

Vague and little information were gathered from the descendants of the early
inhabitants. Three of the remembered early natives were the families of Enrique Baligod,
Sebastian Canciller and Salvador Macaballug. Enrique Baligod headed the pioneers
and he was later succeeded by Sebastian Canciller who eventually served as
gobernadorcillo for two terms. Other recorded gobernadorcillos were: Don Jorge Layug
(1848), Don Sebastian Canciller (1860s; two terms), Don Fructuoso Gannaban (1866),
Don Manuel Dalauidao (July 27, 1887-1889) and Don Eustaquio Canciller (June 23, 1890-
1893). Believed to be the first barrios of Cauayan were: Turayong, Labinab, Duminit,
Baringin, and Culalabat all situated near the Cagayan River.

Towards the end of Spanish rule, Cauayan had houses made of wood, seven of which
had galvanized iron for roof. Like in other old towns, Cauayan had a tabacalera
tobacco warehouse with galvanized roofing. It had a Tribunal (municipal hall) and
schools for children.

Cauayan’s inhabitants by the end of Spanish rule were 2,162 living in the poblacion and
its barrios, namely: Tagaran, Mabantal, Tanga, Diraya, Fuhu, Gaggabutan, and
Amunabacan.

ECCLESIASTICAL MISSION
On April 22, 1741, Cauayan was officially accepted as an ecclesiastical mission.
Cauayan was the first town the Spanish missionaries established in the Diffun area
(southern Isabela) and because the first missionaries of Cauayan came from Aragon,
an autonomous community in Spain where Our Lady of the Pillar was specially revered,
they dedicated Cauayan to La Virgen del Pilar. Up to present, La Virgen del Pilar
continues to be Cauayan’s patron saint.

Fray Antonio del Campo was Cauayan’s first vicar and was also the Superior of all the
mission of Paniqui, which started from Cauayan and ended in Bayombong. In 1739,
Fray Del Campo made the first baptisms in Cauayan. Of these baptisms, Fray Campo
wrote: “On the day of St. Hyacinth (August 17), Fray Sierra and I went to Cauayan to
begin the mission which the Chapter had entrusted to us. On the day of the nativity of
Our Lady (September 8), we started baptizing two children, five and six years old; from
that time on others were baptized, and people began coming from the mountains to
this town.”

After seven years, in 1746, the Alcalde Mayor Don Juan de Varona y Velazquez stated
in an official report that the town of Cauayan had “141 new baptized Christians, 9
catechumens, and 2 reconciled apostates.”

THE CHURCH OF CAUAYAN

The Church of stone and bricks of Cauayan was built from 1825 to 1830 by Fray Juan
Prieto. The convent was also built by him with solid materials but this was felled down by
the American bombs during World War II. Part of the Church, the side of the presbytery
and sacristy, was also hit. The top of its beautiful belfry fell down in an earthquake.

Other popular missionaries who served the Church were: Frays Paulino (1866), Miguel
Bonnet, Perez, Antonio, Fidel, and Fray Proceso T. Cortes (1898).

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NAME ORIGIN

Etymologically Cauayan means “bamboo” or “bulo” in the Ilocano language. It was

derived from the Gaddang word kawayan. The town was so called because “it was
founded along a plantation of bamboos”. Old tradition recounted that “Bulod, Sipat,
Bungkol and Marabulig creeks were boulevards of bamboo trees and it was a common
sight to see crocodiles basking in the early morning sun under the clusters of bamboos.”

The origin on how the pueblo was named had another version. One day the image of
the Blessed Virgin Mary disappeared. For many weeks, a tireless search was undertaken
but it was nowhere to be found. Then on a day in October, the image was found
among the bamboo groves. Not a single sign of mishandling or scratch was detected
on the image. To perpetuate the memory of the incident, the locality was named
“Cauayan” referring to the bamboo groves where the holy image was recovered.

TOWN SITE TRANSFER

The original Cauayan was founded by the Spaniards at the right bank of the Magat
River, while its second location – which is also its present – was by the left bank of the
Cagayan River. It was in 1768 that the Cauayan site was transferred from its original site
to the place where it presently occupies. Jose Brugues described the location of the
first and second Cauayan as follows: “Cauayan, which in the beginning was in the
banks of Magat, 7 leagues from Gamu and 2 from Carig (now Santiago City), is now in
the left bank of the Ibanag River (Cagayan River) in a pleasant plane which is
elevated, 125’18 longtitude and 16’17’30 latitude.”

According to Julian Malumbres, the old location of Cauayan along the Magat River
was known to the people of his time as Lubbunan na Cauayan, which means the place
where the town of Cauayan was.
The reason for the transfer of Cauayan were the attacks of the Gaddangs and the
Igorots. The Spaniards had been invading the Gaddangs of the Mallig plains and the
Igorots in the mountains of the Cordillera. The Gaddangs and Igorots retaliated by
attacking the Spanish settlements near them like the Spanish-controlled settlements
along the Magat River. For reason of security and safety, the Spaniards decided to
transfer their settlements away from the Magat River to the banks of the Cagayan River
farther from the Cordillera Mountains. For this reason too, Angadanan, Camarag and
Carig were placed farther away from the Magat and the Cordillera. The transfer of the
the towns changed the route of travel from Ilagan to Nueva Vizcaya and to Manila.

INHABITANTS OF CAUAYAN PUEBLO

Like the other towns of southern Isabela, Cauayan was formed out of the natives – the
Gaddangs that came down from the hills. Fray Antonio del Campo wrote that in June
1741 he went to Cauayan and with the help of soldiers went to the mountains to bring
down to the lowland settlement of Cauayan pagans as well as Christian apostates who
had fled from Tagaran and Anaccuan.

Fray Del Ocampo related that 150 armed soldiers came to Cauayan, 90 of whom were
under the Master of Camp in Ilagan while 60 were added to the 90 from among the
new Christians of Cauayan for the purpose of subduing and forcing the Gaddangs of
the hinterlands to go down and live in the Spanish-held settlements of the plains. Fray
Del Campo also stated that there were soldiers stationed in Cauayan who suffered
from lack of food and supplies.

To the Gaddangs who were forced by arms to become inhabitants of Cauayan, were
added Christian natives from the already Christian towns of Cagayan province,
induced with privileges to live in Cauayan.

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IMPORTANCE OF CAUAYAN PUEBLO

In its first years, Cauayan was a lonely and solitary place. In a letter to the Dominican
Provincial in Manila dated September 13, 1737, Frays Moliner and Marin referred to
Cauayan as a “desert”.

Cauayan later gained strategic importance when it became the center of the
Dominican apostolate in Diffun. The missionaries stationed in Cauayan went to found
other missions in Diffun, most important of which were: Lappau (near what is now
Ramon town), Camarag (near Echague), and Carig (now Santiago City). It was from
Cauayan where the armies came for the conquest of the Igorots of the Cordillera. As
Malumbres wrote: “This town was the most important of the towns of the plains of Diffun,
becoming the residence of various missionaries who would go out to the hills of Diffun
and Carig to convince the pagans scattered over the vast plain to go down and form
the present towns of southern Isabela.

According to Malumbres, in the third part of the 19th century, the people of Cauayan
got divided into factions at odds with one another. To bring them under control, the
alcalde mayor punished them with forced labor in the construction of roads and in the
cultivation of tobacco fields. In a report to Governor-General Manuel Blanco
Valderrama dated May 28, 1874 in Tumauini, the Alcalde Mayor Don Francisco
Alaminos wrote: “The mission of Cauayan is formed by semi-barbarian natives, so much
so that not one of them possess the necessary qualities to perform even mediocrely the
office of gobernadorcillo. Since I took possession of my office, I strove to soften them by
reprimands by some small fines and by having them occupied in the general road of
the province and in the cultivation of their tobacco fields. The result is that these
divisions are disappearing faster than expected giving me the attractive hope that the
divisions which are so harmful to the interests of all be totally terminated.”

TOBACCO MONOPOLY AND THE REBELLION

On December 13, 1781, the Tobacco Monopoly was implemented by Governor-
General (1778-1787) José Basco y Vargas but Cagayan Valley was prohibited to plant
tobacco from 1785 to 1797 which brought adversity to the natives because the
principal profitable product of the valley was tobacco. The residents of Cauayan were
affected by the regulation.

On March 30, 1785, Mengal Lagutao of Angadanan and wife Magaya together with
Mengal Baladdon (Yogad priest and medicine man), the Christian - Juan Gumpin,
Mengal Manganusu and Mengal Baguatan (Bagguadon in other manuscripts) all three
of Camarag led a rebellion against the Spanish authorities because of the forcible
relocation of Camarag, the tribute and the ban in cultivating tobacco. Lagutao also
convinced his brother Onofre Liban, gobernadorcillo of Angadanan who was sick of
smallpox, to join his cause. The rebellion spread to the whole district of Paniqui with
eight hundred Yogads armed with bows and arrows and campilans from Camarag,
Carig and Angadanan joined Lagutao’s rebellion which started in Karulay, now a
barangay of Echague town.

On April 5 of the same year, native commandant Mateo Cabal led five hundred
soldiers from Gamu, Furao, Calanusian, Cauayan, Carig, Bagabag, Lumabang (now
Solano) and Bayombong and engaged Lagutao’s forces at Rancho Payac, now a
barangay of Jones town. Lagutao was killed together with his brother and nephew and
eleven others in this encounter while Baladdon and others escaped towards the Sierra
Madre. Eighty were captured and on the following day another battle took place
where over a hundred rebels were killed.

On May 1797, a decree partially lifted the ban on tobacco cultivation with only the
town of Ilagan authorized to plant tobacco for the monopoly. Other decrees followed
that gradually allowed the other towns of the valley to plant tobacco. The extent of the
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cultivation of tobacco increased in the next thirty years until the region became the
largest single producer of high grade tobacco in the country. In the 1831 document of
tobacco planters in Cagayan Valley, Cauayan had seven barrios planting tobacco,
314½ tributes with 45 tributes per barrio.

EVANGELIZATION OF OLD CAUAYAN TERRITORIES

On June of 1741, the vicar of Ilagan, Fray Antonio del Campo, went to Cauayan
escorted with soldiers from the capital of Lal-lo. Together with Fray Luis Pedro de Sierra,
they went up the mountains and convinced and brought down to Cauayan pagans as
well as Christians apostates who had fled from Tagaran and Anaccuan.

On December 1, 1742, Fray Martin Hernandez wrote to his superiors that after
encountering much opposition from the native leader Malboran who defied the
missionary’s incursion to the Gaddangs, the brave native finally promised to settle down
to Abbag (old name for Calanusian) with his followers.

On April 19, 1743, Fray Martin Hernandez reported to his superiors that he had hired a
master sculptor in Manila to make the image of Saint Anthony of Padua for the
settlement of Calanusian.

On May 4 of the same year, Calanusian, formerly known as Abbag, was officially
founded by the Dominican Martin Hernandez and was accepted as an ecclesiastical
mission under the patronage of Saint Anthony of Padua. Abbag means on the other
side which referred to its location from Gamu and Furao were located on the other
bank of the Magat River. The name Calanusian was derived from a tree species of
white ebony called canusi which abounded in the locality. With the prefix ca and suffix
an, the term means a grove of white ebony.

On April of 1754, Don Juan Cauilian subdued the pagan Gaddangs of Siffu (Mallig
plains) who continued to harass and did damage to Christian communities in the towns
of Cauayan, Carig and Lappau.

PROVINCE OF NUEVA VIZCAYA CREATED

On May 24, 1839, the alcaldia of Cagayan was divided upon the creation of the
province of Nueva Vizcaya which comprised all towns from Ilagan to Aritao in
Caraballo del Sur including the visita of Palanan (then a part of Nueva Ecija province)
and Catalangan. Cabagan and Tumauini remained to be part of Cagayan province.
Camarag became the capital of the newly created province of Nueva Vizcaya up to
1856. The term nueva means new while Vizcaya refers to the province of Vizcaya
(spelled Bizkaia in the Basque language) in northern Spain. Bizkaia means mountainous.
On April 10, 1841, the division of Cagayan was confirmed by a royal decree. The old
town of Cauayan became a part of the new province.

REIGN OF TERROR
From 1831 to 1847, the Igorots (of the present Ifugao province), especially the
Mayoyaos and Silipans, launched an attack which were so ferocious, continuous and
covering a wide area. These Igorot tribes who inhabited the steep mountains of
Quiangan (now spelled Kiangan), Silipan, Mayoyao and Bungian (now Aguinaldo)
assassinated travelers and attacked towns from the Caraballo mountains to Calanusian
(formerly the poblacion of Cauayan) and impede the people from cultivating their
fields and pasturing their work animals in the meadows. The Igorots beheaded 6
Ibanags from Gamu, 20 from Ilagan and 9 in Furao. Furthermore, they beheaded 68
Yogads in Carig, 26 in Camarag, 21 in Angadanan, 18 in Cauayan and 7 in Calanusian.
Moreover, the same tribe beheaded 64 Gaddangs in Bagabag, 12 in Lumabang (now
Solano) and 29 in Bayombong. On August 9, 1846, Dominican Fray Juan Rubio was
ambushed and decapitated by the Igorots of Mayoyao. Fray Rubio was on his way to
his new post in Camarag along the Carig-Camarag road by the Caliguian (now
Caligdigan) River.
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MILITARY CAMPAIGNS
Governor-General (1844-1849) Narciso Clavería y Zaldúa (1795-1851), upon receipt of
the petitions of the missionaries and the principalias of Paniqui (Carig, Bagabag, Solano
and Bayombong), visited the whole of Cagayan Valley and assessed the Igorot
problem. He instructed the construction of the fort of Begona (now Barangay Oscariz in
Ramon town) between the present boundary of Ifugao and Isabela in the hill called
Dangaran. He also assigned “his best aid and perhaps the best soldier that then existed
in the whole archipelago”, Don Mariano Oscariz, as military governor of Nueva Vizcaya.

On February 27, 1847, Governor-General Clavería granted the amnesty request of

Dominican Fray Remigio Rodriguez de Alamo (known as the “motor and soul of the
province”) for the people living in the mountains particularly in Catalangan who would
go down to settle in the Christian towns within one month after the receipt of the
governor’s order. A good number of families went down to live in the towns of Cauayan
and Ilagan.

On March 29 of the same year, Governor Oscariz left the fort of Begona with 107
soldiers, 4 civilian guards, 323 armed civilians. They reached Appacan and destroyed
fields of tobacco, camote and gabi. On April 2, they burned 100 houses and destroyed
many fields in Langayan and 30 houses in Ijigu.

On April 5, many groups of Igorots sued for peace. Governor Oscariz, knowing that the
peace pacts were always pretentions, asked for the presence of the principalias
together with all their women and children. After the two-thirty in the afternoon
deadline, no women and children came so he started the destruction and burned
fields and houses. The following day, Chief Matingin with his wife, son and grandson,
Chiefs Menguet and Bilango and other principalias surrendered and requested for
peace. Governor Oscariz gave the conditions of surrender and was accepted by the
Mayoyaos the following day. The killing of settlers and Christians of Isabela ended with
the military campaigns with peace prevailing in the place.

On July 19, 1848, a two day celebration was conducted in Camarag to honor Don
Mariano Oscariz, military governor of Nueva Vizcaya and “Conqueror of the Igorots”. It
was attended by the six missionaries of Nueva Vizcaya; gobernadorcillos of Ilagan (Jose
de San Vicente), Gamu (Juan Caulian), Furao (Domingo Enrp), Calanusian (Juan
Evangelista), Cauayan (Jorge Layug), Camarag (Marcos Layugan) and Carig (Diego
Palang); employees of the province; natives from the other parts of the province; and
Mayoyao, Kiangan, Negrito, Ilongot, Silipan and Gaddang natives.

PROVINCE OF ISABELA CREATED

In order to facilitate the work of the missionaries in the evangelization of the Cagayan
Valley and upon the recommendation of Governor-General (1850-1853) Juan Antonio
de Urbiztondo y Eguía (1803-1857), a royal decree was issued during the administration
of Governor-General (1854-1856) Manuel Crespo y Cebrián which created the province
of Isabela on May 1, 1856.

The new alcaldia consisted of the towns of Cabagan, Tumauini, Ilagan, Gamu,
Calanusian, Cauayan, Angadanan, Camarag, Carig including Catalangan and
Palanan. The new province was named Isabela de Luzon in honor of Her Royal Highness
Queen Isabella II of Spain. The old town of Ilagan became the capital of the new
province.

MUNICIPALITES CREATED FROM THE MOTHER-TOWN OF CAUAYAN

On March 18, 1878, by virtue of a Royal Order, the old settlement of Calanusian was
established civilly. On January 20, 1886, the old settlement of Itugod founded by Fray
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Pedro Jimenez, which was originally named Abbag, renamed to Callering then to
Calanusian and finally to Reina Mercedes in honor of Her Majesty Queen Mercedes,
wife of King Alfonso XII of Spain, was ecclesiastically separated from the mother-town
of Cauayan.

In 1928, Antatet (site of old Alamo pueblo) was approved as a municipal district of
Cauayan. On September 28, 1949, the Municipal District of Antatet was created into a
regular municipality by virtue of Executive Order No. 267 signed by His Excellency
President Elpidio Quirino. The name of the new town was changed to Luna in honor of
General Antonio Luna y Novicio (1866-1899), hero of the Philippine Revolution.

In 1942, Barrio Marasat Grande which was then a part of the old town of Cauayan,
and the neighboring barrios were incorporated to form a municipality called
Yoshisawa. After Liberation, all parts of the territory were reverted back as barrios of
Santiago town. These territories became the Municipality of San Mateo on March 17,
1946.

On November 5, 1949, Barrio Cabatuan, originally Ambatuan, and its integral parts
were separated from the mother-town of Cauayan by virtue of Executive Order No.
293 signed by His Excellency President Elpidio Quirino in Malacañang.

The vast territory of Cauayan was reduced to about 336.40 square kilometers after the
segregation of Reina Mercedes, Luna, Cabatuan and the northeastern portion of San
Mateo.

TABACALERA AND THE MIGRANTS

On October 25, 1879, a decree of Governor General (1877-1880) Domingo Moriones y
Murillo Zabaleta y Sanz, marqués de Oroquieta (1823-1881) gave lands to the
religious orders for the purpose of fomenting the production of tobacco. The
Augustinians were given 14,000 hectares of land in the present towns of Reina
Mercedes, Luna and Cauayan.

On June 25, 1880, the tobacco monopoly was abolished all over the islands including
that of Isabela. Because of free enterprise, the Chinese came in full force in Cagayan
Valley. On January 15, 1881, Governor-General (1880-1883 & 1897-1898) Fernando Primo
de Rivera y Sobremonte (1831-1921) issued a decree allowing Ilocanos to migrate to
Cagayan Valley. Droves of Ilocanos came to Isabela and started opening tobacco
fields near the Cagayan River.

On January 26, 1881, the Compania General de Tobacos de Filipinas or Tabacalera

was established to continue the export of leaf tobacco and take over the cigar
factories owned by the Spanish government. The tabacalera bought from the
government all the tobacco factories in Manila, which wielded into a single factory
called La Flor de Isabela which was one of the largest of its kind in the world. The three
tobacco haciendas were: Hacienda San Antonio in Ilagan which was the largest and
named in memory of Don Antonio Lopez y Lopez, 1st Marques de Comillas (1817-1883);
Hacienda Santa Isabel also in Ilagan which was named in memory of a daughter of
Don Lope Gisbert; and Hacienda San Luis in Cauayan.

HACIENDA SAN LUIS

In 1887, a portion of Barrio Mabantad of about 3,940 hectares, was acquired by the
Compaña Casal owned by Mr. Antonio Casal for 22,000 pesos. Mr. Federico Corea was
appointed as the first administrator of the hacienda. Mr. Corea, named the locality as
San Luis after Saint Louis Bertrand, O.P. (1526-1581; Luis Beltrán), a
Spanish Dominican who preached in South America during the 16th century, and is
known as the "Apostle of the Americas".

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The population of the hacienda grew and the area was converted into a formal barrio
of Cauayan. In 1909, the compaña expanded the area of the hacienda with the
purchase of 19 hectares from Mrs. Engracia Maragun de Lacaste. In 1910, another 540
hectares were bought from the government (Friar Lands Estate).

The three families: the Lelina, Lardizabal, and Valdez had been fortunate to establish
the first community in the hacienda. Instructions were given to heads of these
pioneering families to recruit and encourage families who wish to migrate to the
hacienda from the Ilocos region. As a remuneration of their efforts, these recruiters were
paid in cash and given prominent positions as capataces of cabecerias when the
hacienda was subdivided into districts or cabecerias for administrative purposes. Other
clan resided in the barrio; the Pauig, Fariñas, Encarnacion, Factora, Albano, Mina, and
Fontanilla families.

To insure efficient administration of the hacienda, San Luis was sub-divided into
cabecerias. They were: Cabeceria Especial, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10 (called Lanna by
administrator, Sr. Jose Callejas), 11, 12, 14, and 15. Each cabeceria was head by a
capataz who received orders from the administrator and relayed to the people of the
hacienda. The capatazes were the supervisors of the administrator and they received
compensations and commissions.

In the poblasyon of San Luis (called Cabeceria Especial) stood the first administration
building. However, in 1913, the edifice was razed to the ground by fire. In its place, a
more spacious building was constructed. In time, when the compaña acquired
enormous business footing, other big buildings were constructed. In 1923, the Catholic
Church was erected. A school building was also constructed to provide the farmers’
children their elementary education with Mr. Pio Tominez as the first teacher.

The barrio of San Luis is situated along a conspicuous curve of the Cagayan River on
the northeastern part of Cauayan. It is about five kilometers away from the municipal
ferry at Turayong, the old river port.

PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION
On August 25, 1898, Colonel Daniel Mata Tria Tirona (1864-1939) was assigned by
President (1899-1901) Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (1869-1964), in Cagayan and Isabela. He
was subsequently appointed as military governor of Cagayan and Isabela and held the
rank of brigadier general.
On September 1, of the same year, Isabela Spanish Governor Perez left Ilagan at five
o’clock in the morning with P11,368.58 passed through Cauayan, Echague, Carig and
retired his thirty-five guardia civils to Bayombong upon learning that Tuguegarao was
captured by the revolutionary forces led by General Tirona on August 31. Governor
Perez was captured in Bayombong ending the Spanish domination in the valley.

Eighteen Dominican missionaries from the parishes of Ilagan, Tumauini, Cabagan

Nuevo, Cabagan Viejo, Reina Mercedes, Angadanan, Cauayan, Echague, Carig,
Gamu, Santa Maria, Naguilian, Cordon, Catalanganes and Oscariz were imprisoned by
the revolutionary forces. The Dominican priest from Cauayan was Genaro Perez, age 40
and worked in the parish for six years.

The following served as municipal capitan of Cauayan: Don Marcelo Raymundo (1893-
1895), Don Juan Gannaban, Don Martillano Passilan, Don Marcelo Simeon, Don Ricardo
Telan, Don Francisco Bucag, Don Francisco Ambatali and Don Santiago Respicio (who
later became the first municipal president of Reina Mercedes town, 1913-1917).

UNDER AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

During the Philippine-American War (1899-1901), it was in the province of Isabela where
the last pages of the war took place particularly in the remote coastal town of Palanan.
Cauayan was not directly touched by the forces of President Emilio Aguinaldo. Some
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accounts; however, stated there were some Katipunan forces (old army of Aguinaldo)
which caused casualties to American soldiers stationed in the town center of Cauayan
particularly the case where two Negro-American soldiers disappeared. During this
period Don Domingo Damatan served as town head (1898-1900).

On August 24, 1901, civil government was established in Isabela (with the passage of
Act No. 210 which extended the provisions of “The Provincial Government Act”) and in
Cauayan with Don Eustacio Canciller as municipal president (1900-1902). Others who
served as municipal president were: Don Pascual Dalupang (1902-1904), Don Leon
Banigan (1904-1907), Don Bernardo Cadiz Dacuycuy (1907-1910), and Don Mariano
Bucag (1910-1913). Official city library portraits; however, shows that Don Bruno
Dalauidao served as Cauayan municipal president from 1900-1903. There are no
available official records from 1914 to 1925. However, in the same official city library
portraits, Don Bernardo Dacuycuy served from 1915-1917; Don Mariano Bucag served
from 1918-1920; and Don Prospero Cortes served from 1921-1923.

Others who served as town head were: Don Raymundo Zipagan (1926-1929), Don
Simplicio Albano (1929-1932), Don Prospero Cortes (1932-1935), and Don Felipe Bucag
(1935-1938). However, official city library portraits reveals that Don Calixto Damatan also
served from 1936-1937.

Under the Commonwealth government, the official title for the town head was
changed from municipal president to municipal mayor. Honored to serve the
Municipality of Cauayan as mayors were: Hon. Guillermo Blas (1938), and Hon. Zoilo
Cuntapay (1938-1941). On November 11, 1941, Federico Padron Acio was elected
mayor. Acio, however, was not able to serve his term since the Japanese Imperial Army
occupied the Valley including Isabela after the bombing of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii.

WORLD WAR II
On December 9, 1941, the Japanese Imperial Army conducted bombing raids over the
Philippines including Tuguegarao in Cagayan. The following day, they landed in Aparri
and proceeded southwards to the direction of Isabela to Cauayan.

On January 8, 1942, the United States Forces in the Philippines, Northern Luzon (USFIP
NL), the famous guerilla unit, was organized. The combined elements of the 11th
Infantry, 71st Infantry, and Troop C of the 26th Cavalry were led by Major C. Everett
Warner (promoted to lieutenant colonel), Captains Guillermo Nakar (1905-1942) and
Manuel P. Enriquez (both promoted to major). Nakar’s 2nd Batallion held line from Balete
Pass (now Dalton Pass) to Bato Ferry (Bambang-Bayombong boundary) while Enriquez’
1st Batallion occupied the line from Bato Ferry to Aparri which included Isabela passing
through Cauayan. The combined forces were known as the 1st Guerilla Regiment. It was
later renamed to 14th Infantry USAFFE in recognition of their combat achievement in
Tuguegarao on January 13.

On April 9 of the same year, Bataan fell and the infamous Death March began in
Mariveles. Numerous Isabelino soldiers and volunteers including citizens of Cauayan
suffered and died in this horrific walk that ended in Capas, Tarlac. A number were
fortunate to escape.

Cauayan offered the best position for the establishment of the headquarters of the
1st Battalion, 7th Infantry 34th Division Guerilla Unit, Isabela Area. The maintenance of this
unit was responded spontaneously by the freedom loving civilians despite the
punishment that the Japanese Imperial Army inflicted on those who they caught
helping the guerillas.

Appointed municipal mayors of Cauayan during the Japanese Occupation were: Hon.
Jose Mendoza Canciller, Hon. Basilio Pacaba (1943-1944); however, official city library

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portraits shows Hon. Cecilio Pacaba as municipal mayor from 1942-1944, and Hon.
Lucas Banigan (1944-1945).

On June 15, 1945, the 11th and 14th Infantry Regiments, USAFIP NL, has cleared almost all
the valley west of the Cagayan River from Cauayan north to Aparri (in Cagayan
province) and had gained complete control over Route 11 from Bontoc (now part of
Mountain Province) to the valley. Most of the Japanese combat troops left in the valley
north of Cauayan were members of the Yuguchi Force, an under strength RCT of
the 103rd Division. Upon the fall of the division's defenses at Oriung Pass, the Yuguchi
Force had started south from the vicinity of Aparri, apparently intending to cross to the
west side of the Cagayan River near Cauayan and make its way to Yamashita's last-
stand area via Route 389 to Banaue town (now part of Ifugao province) on Route
4. The 7th Infantry Regiment, 34th Division, Guerilla Unit stationed in Cauayan was
instrumental in facilitating the mapping operations of the USAFFE liberating forces.

POST WAR
Mayor Federico P. Acio was re-instated as town head of Cauayan after the surrender of
Japan. His vice mayor was Hon. Juan A. Guerrero and the councilors were: Hon. Felipe
Bucag, Hon. Jose Castillo, Hon. Pablo Marcelo, Hon. Leon Babaran, Hon. Eustaquio
Dalupang and Hon. Lucio B. Genez with Mr. Epifanio A. Acosta as municipal secretary.
In 1947, Hon. Leon Babaran was appointed vice mayor in place of Vice Mayor
Guerrero. Appointed councilors were: Hon. Jaime Abogado, Hon. Lorenzo Aquino and
Hon. Alfredo Tumakder in place of the vacancies made by Hons. Babaran, Bucag, and
Genez. Mr. Narciso Acosta also briefly served as municipal secretary and in some
records Mr. Teodulfo Duran Rumaboa was also municipal secretary. However, other
records reveal that Hons. Leon Babaran and Teodoro Laggui served as appointed
mayor in 1947.

TERM OF MAYOR JOSE A. AFRICANO (1948-1955)

The first local elections after World War II was held on November 11, 1947. Hon. Jose
Acosta Africano was elected municipal mayor of post war Cauayan. His vice mayor
was Hon. Alfredo Tumakder. The councilors were: Hon. Leon Gallo, Hon. Jose Castillo,
Hon. Aurelio Cortes, Hon. Jose Dalog, Hon. Nicolas Almirol, and Hon. Severo Cabugsa
Macugay with Mr. Jose Canciller as municipal secretary.

When the Barrio of Cabatuan became a regular municipality on November 5, 1949,

councilors residing from the new town namely: Hons. Gallo, Castillo, Almirol and
Macugay, resigned from the Cauayan municipal council. They were replaced with the
appointment of Hon. Pablo Rivera, Hon. Amancio Panis, Hon. Vicente Ballesteros, and
Hon. Marcelo Pascua.

A son of Cauayan emerged as Isabela’s lone district representative in Congress, Hon.

Samuel F. Reyes who was elected on November 8, 1949.

On November 13, 1951, Mayor Africano was elected to his second term together with
Vice Mayor Tumakder. The elected councilors were: Hon. Teodoro Laggui, Hon. Daniel
Sibayan, Hon. Elias V. Lelina, Hon. Pedro Cristobal, Hon. Mariano F. Foronda, Hon.
Aurelio Cortes, Hon. Sebastian Agcaoili, and Hon. Osmundo Dalog with Mr. Francisco
Babas as municipal secretary.

In the municipal council records for the term 1952-1955, Coun. Osmundo Dalog served
for only a year and was replaced by Hon. Jose Dalog who also served only for a short
period of time. Coun. Jose Dalog was replaced by Hon. Rufino Liggayu who served the
unexpired term. Furthermore, Coun. Agcaoili did not finish his term and was replaced
with the appointment of Hon. Emiterio Pascua. Moreover, records shows that Councilors
Laggui, Sibayan, Lelina, Cristobal, Foronda and Agcaoili were not around in 1953 and
the names of Hons. Pablo Rivera, Armacio Panis, and Marcelo Pascua were listed
instead.
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GREAT EARTHQUAKE
On December 29, 1949, Cauayan and the rest of Luzon experienced one of the
greatest earthquakes remembered in the history of the region. The terrain opened up
and created big ditches swallowing everything on its path. Deep wells crumbled and
the water from within sprung like fountains high in the air. Recorded at intensity VII, the
epicenter of the earthquake was located instrumentally in the vicinity of 1700’N
latitude and 12138’E longitude in Isabela province west of the Cagayan River. The first
major shock occurred at 11:05 in the morning. Over fifty aftershocks were felt in the
vicinity of the epicenter the following week. The earthquake was decidedly of tectonic
origin due to readjustments of the rock strata within the earth’s crust. Water and sand
came out of fissures in the ground and gave off a sulphurous odor due to rotting
vegetation in the lower deposits.

TERM OF MAYOR TRANQUILINO DALUPANG (1956-1963)

In the elections of November 8, 1955, Hon. Tranquilino Dalupang was elected municipal
mayor of Cauayan. His vice mayor was Hon. Pablo Perez and the councilors were: Hon.
Aurelio Cortes, Hon. Alfredo Tumakder, Hon. Eulogio Damatan, Hon. Juan Alzate, Hon.
Martiniano Deza, Hon. Pastor Albano, Hon. Vicente Talosig, and Hon. Leticia Lintao
(married in 1959 to Mr. Valencia) with Mr. Francisco Babas as municipal secretary.

In the local elections of November 10, 1959, Mayor Dalupang won a second mandate
from the people of Cauayan together with incumbent Vice Mayor Perez. The
councilors were: Hon. Vicente Talosig, Hon. Eulogio Damatan, Hon. Federico Ramones,
Hon. Teodoro Laggui, Hon. Mariano Foronda, Hon. Romulo Gines, Hon. Melecio Asis,
and Hon. Olito T. Ordoño with Mr. Francisco Babas as municipal secretary.

Hon. Jose M. Canciller occupied the seat vacated by Coun. Ramones in 1961 while
Hon. Faustino Ng Dy was appointed councilor in lieu of Coun. Laggui in 1963.

TERM OF MAYOR FAUSTINO N. DY (1964-1971)

In the November 12, 1963 local polls, appointed Councilor Faustino Ng Dy emerged as
the new mayor of Cauayan. His vice mayor was Hon. Herminio R. Albano and the
councilors were: Hon. Mariano Foronda, Hon. Eulogio Labog, Hon. Jose M. Canciller,
Hon. Olito T. Ordoño, Hon. Alejandro Uy, Hon. Robert A. Bonoan, Hon. Arsenio Tumbaga,
and Hon. Bagnos Tactay with Mr. Francisco Babas as municipal secretary.

Mayor Dy won a second term in the elections of November 14, 1967 with Hon. Francisco
Dalupang as his vice mayor. The councilors were: Hon. Carlos Accad Uy, Hon. Prudente
B. Cuntapay, Hon. Basilio B. Reyes, Hon. Mariano Foronda, Hon. Ricardo Canceran,
Hon. Robert A. Bonoan, Hon. Eulogio A. Labog, and Hon. Bagnos Tactay with Mr. Pedro
Sibayan as municipal secretary.

A son of Cauayan, former Isabela Congressman Samuel F. Reyes won as provincial

governor. The first citizen of Cauayan to garner the post.

By law of succession, Coun. Carlos Accad Uy became municipal vice mayor on

November 1969 in lieu of Vice Mayor Dalupang. Hon. Hilarion P. Uy was appointed in
the vacant slot in the council. Also in 1970, Hon. Olito T. Ordoño was appointed
councilor in place with the seat vacated by Coun. Labog.

In the November 10, 1970 elections, a son of Cauayan town was elected delegate in
the 1971 Constitutional Convention (Con-Con). Hon. Benjamin C. Reyes was one of the
five chosen to represent the province of Isabela in the constitutional convention.

Mayor Faustino Dy resigned to file his certificate of candidacy for governor in the local
elections of 1971. By virtue of the law of succession, Vice Mayor Carlos Uy assumed the
mayorship of Cauayan on September 16 of the same year.
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TERM OF MAYOR CARLOS A. UY (1972-1983)

The November 8, 1971 local elections catapulted Hon. Carlos Accad Uy as municipal
mayor of Cauayan with Hon. Herminio R. Albano as his vice mayor. Four of the
councilors were proclaimed on time while the remaining four waited for the special
elections in the far-flung barrios of Cauayan. The first four were: Hon. Basilio B. Reyes,
Hon. Mariano Foronda, Hon. Prudente B. Cuntapay, and Hon. Juanito U. Fernandez. On
February 16 of the same year, the ballots for the remaining four were counted and they
occupied the last four slots in the council. They were: Hon. Robert A. Bonoan, Hon.
Diosdado Bueno Ramirez, Hon. Elindo A. Santos, and Hon. Elias V. Lelina. Mr. Juan I.
Delmendo was appointed as municipal secretary.

In the same elections, another son of Cauayan, former Mayor Faustino N. Dy, was
elected as provincial governor of Isabela.

The term of Mayor Carlos Uy and the rest of the officialdom of Cauayan were extended
after December 31, 1975. Additional seats in the council for sectoral representations
were filled up by: Hon. Elizardo I. Delmendo, Hon. Valentin V. Uy, Hon. Cecilio L.
Bartolome, Hon. Simeon Tomas Dela Cruz, Hon. Gregorio G. Domingo, Hon. Gregorio T.
Tumabat, Hon. Leoncio Nolasco Dalin, Hon. Manuel L. Dumrique, and Hon. Manuel
Villanueva, Jr. (Kabataang Barangay President). The official name of the “municipal
council” was Filipinized by President Ferdinand Marcos into “sangguniang bayan”.

On June 1, 1977, Mr. Roberto A. Bonoan was appointed Kalihim ng Sangguniang Bayan
in lieu of Juan Delmendo.

In the municipal session records, Vice Mayor Herminio Albano’s name was not recorded
on December 17, 1776 and was assumed resigned. The following councilors also left
their post: Couns. Mariano Foronda (September 6, 1976), Prudente Cuntapay (June 2,
1977), Juanito Fernandez (1978), Gregorio Tumabat (1978) and KB President Manuel
Villanueva, Jr. (1978). Cauayan had no municipal vice mayor from December 17, 1976
up to February 29, 1980.

The nation's first elections for provincial and municipal officials since the declaration of
martial law were held on January 30, 1980 with Mayor Carlos Uy re-elected as town
head of Cauayan. His vice mayor was Hon. Benjamin de Guzman Dy and the
councilors were: Hon. Diosdado B. Ramirez, Hon. Manuel L. Dumrique, Hon. Leoncio N.
Dalin, Hon. Cecilio L. Bartolome, Hon. Basilio B. Reyes, Hon. Antonio Nacupay De Luna,
Hon. Gregorio G. Domingo, and Hon. Elias V. Lelina with Mr. Roberto A. Bonoan as
municipal secretary. The new set of officials assumed office on March 1, 1980.

Hon. Manuel A. Angoluan was elected Kabatang Barangay President on August 1980
while Hon. Simeon T. Dela Cruz as Association of Barangay Captains President on
January 1981.

1ST TERM OF MAYOR BENJAMIN DY (1983-1986)

On March 13, 1983, Vice Mayor Benjamin Dy assumed the mayorship of Cauayan after
Mayor Carlos Uy was appointed Assistant Provincial Health Officer in Ilagan. On April,
Coun. Diosdado Ramirez resigned his post and the vacancy in the council was filled up
with the appointment of Hon. Ysmael Garcia Atienza. On November 30, 1985, Coun.
Manuel Angoluan resigned from office and was replaced by Hon. Ferdinand O.
Cadiente on December 2. Cauayan had no municipal vice mayor from March 13, 1983
to May 21, 1986.

APPOINTED MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS OF CAUAYAN (1986-1988)

The aftermath of the People Power Revolution of 1986 replaced the municipal officials
of Cauayan. Hon. Diosdado Bueno Ramirez assumed as OIC-mayor while Hon. Manuel
L. Dumrique as OIC-vice mayor. The OIC-councilors were: Hon. Leoncio N. Dalin, Hon.
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Cecilio L. Bartolome, Hon. Basilio B. Reyes, Hon. Antonio N. De Luna, Hon. Gregorio G.
Domingo, Hon. Elias V. Lelina, Hon. Ysmael G. Atienza, and Hon. Ferdinand O.
Cadiente with Mr. Roberto A. Bonoan as municipal secretary. This term covers from May
21, 1986 to February 28, 1987.

The Department of Local Government (DLG) appointed a new set of officers-in-charge

from March 1 to November 30, 1987. Hon. Paulino Santos Sawit was appointed OIC-
mayor while Hon. Sebastian S. Abregado as OIC-vice mayor. The appointed councilors
were: Hon. Jacinto S. Simbran, Hon. Gloria C. Franco, Hon. Arturo Rañeses Toledo, Hon.
Arlene Ayroso, Hon. Saniat B. Salvador, Hon. Orlando L. Celi, and Hon. Benito M.
Ambatali with Mr. Juan I. Delmendo, Jr. as municipal secretary. From August 3 to
November 30, 1987, the position of vice mayor was vacant.

However, official city records reveal that there were two mayors in Cauayan from
September 1, 1986 to February 26, 1987. MLG Minister Aquilino Q. Pimentel, Jr. revoked
the appointment of OIC-Mayor Diosdado Ramirez on September 1, 1986 and on the
20th of the same month and year Hon. Paulino Sawit took his oath as town caretaker. As
per records in the city library archives, Mayor Sawit conducted session after he was
sworn in until before the settlement of the issue of “two mayors and officials” on March
1 of the following year.

ABC President Simeon T. Dela Cruz and KB President Ferdinand O. Cadiente continued
their services and attended municipal sessions through the OIC period.

To oversee the first elections after the People Power Revolution, DLG Secretary (1987-
1991) Luis T. Santos appointed new batches of local officials on December 1, 1987. Hon.
Simeon Tomas Dela Cruz was OIC-mayor while Hon. Eugenio V. Asirit as OIC-vice mayor.
The councilors were: Hon. Lorenzo C. Rodriguez, Hon. Benjamin G. Calibuso, Hon.
Dominador I. Cabacungan, Hon. Quirino C. Laggui, Hon. Robert C. Bautista, Hon.
Segundo P. Suerte, Hon. Eugenio G. Aurelio, and Hon. Michael G. Meris with Mr. Juan I.
Delmendo, Jr. as municipal secretary.

2ND TERM OF MAYOR BENJAMIN G. DY (1988-1992)

On January 18, 1988, Hon. Benjamin G. Dy emerged as winner in the mayoralty race
with Hon. Leoncio N. Dalin as vice mayor. The elected councilors were: Hon. Constante
Edrozo Foronda, Hon. Ysmael G. Atienza, Hon. Rolando R. Bucag, Hon. Antonio N. De
Luna, Hon. Cecilio L. Bartolome, Hon. Marcelino C. Montano, Hon. Basilio B. Reyes, and
Hon. Miguel C. Lacuna with Mr. Juan I. Delmendo, Jr. as municipal secretary.

In the March 28, 1989 barangay elections, Hon. Faustino G. Dy III won as barangay
captain and eventually got elected in the municipal and provincial level as
representative of the Association of Barangay Captains (ABC). Barangay Captain
Ruben C. Tumbaga represented the ABC in the municipal council of Cauayan in lieu of
Barangay Captain Dy.

According to city archives records, in the October 2, 1989 session, Hon Francisco Mallillin
replaced Coun. Ronaldo Bucag. Hon. Cesar G. Guzman, Jr. sat in the municipal council
as ABC President and Hon. Mario A. Ladores as Kabataang Barangay President.

Senior Councilor Constante Foronda resigned early January of 1992 followed by Vice
Mayor Dalin on January 15, 1992. Sangguniang Panlalawigan Member (Ex-Officio, ABC)
Hon. Faustino G. Dy III was appointed on the 20th of the same month and year to fill up
the position of municipal vice mayor. On March 9 also on the same year, Hon.
Constante Aliwalas Foronda, Jr. was also appointed councilor to fill up the vacancy in
the council.

On March 18, 1992, Mayor Benjamin Dy resigned his post to file his certificate of
candidacy for governor of Isabela. Vice Mayor Faustino Dy III by virtue of the law of
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succession became mayor of Cauayan. Former Vice Mayor Leoncio Dalin was
appointed to his old post as municipal vice mayor.

TERM OF MAYOR FAUSTINO G. DY III (1992-2001)

Hon. Faustino G. Dy III emerged victorious in the May 11, 1992 national and local
elections. His vice mayor was Hon. Leoncio N. Dalin. Elected councilors were: Hon.
Constante A. Foronda, Jr., Hon. Francisco Nicolas Mallillin, Hon. Ysmael G. Atienza, Hon.
Antonio N. De Luna, Hon. Cecilio L. Bartolome, Hon. Basilio B. Reyes, Hon. Miguel C.
Lacuna, and Hon. Ruben G. Tumbaga.

The Sangguniang Kabataan election was held on December 2, 1992, emerging

triumphant was Hon. Faustino A. Cabauatan. On the May 9, 1994 barangay elections,
Hon. Mario A. Ladera represented the ABC in the municipal council.

On February 20, 1995, a bill was passed into law, Republic Act No. 7891, dividing the
province of Isabela into two new provinces to be known as Isabela del Norte and
Isabela del Sur. The municipality of Cauayan was proposed as the new capital of
Isabela del Sur. However, a referendum was held on June 20 of the same year and the
people of Isabela and Cauayan voted not to divide the province.

Mayor Dy won his second term in the May 8, 1995 midterm local elections with re-
elected Vice Mayor Leoncio N. Dalin. The Councilors were: Hon. Ysmael G. Atienza,
Hon. Constante A. Foronda, Jr., Hon. Irene B. Maramag, Hon. Homer Dela Cruz, Hon.
Cezar G. Guzman, Jr., Hon. Francisco Nicolas Mallillin, Hon. Antonio N. De Luna, and
Hon. Cecilio L. Bartolome.
Hon. Alina R. Visaya was elected on May 6, 1996 and was eventually elected as
Sangguniang Kabataan Federation President. Hon. Ruben G. Tumbaga was elected as
barangay captain on May 12, 1997 and was elected Liga ng mga Barangay (LMB)
President.

In the May 11, 1998 elections, Mayor Dy won his third term with Hon. Constante A.
Foronda, Jr. as his vice mayor. The elected councilors were: Hon. Leoncio N. Dalin, Hon.
Carlos O. Chan, Hon. Alejandro Quicho Uy III, Hon. Edgar Mariano De Luna, Hon. Cezar
G. Guzman, Jr., Hon. Edgardo Ordoñez Atienza, and Hon. Eugenio Vea Asirit.

CITYHOOD OF CAUAYAN
On February 28, 2001, the old pueblo of Cauayan was created into a component city
by virtue of Republic Act No. 9017 (House Bill No. 8328 & Senate Bill 2243) signed by Her
Excellency President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo with incumbent Mayor Faustino G. Dy III
as the first city mayor. On March 30 of the same year, the ratification of Cauayan as a
component city of Isabela was overwhelmingly affirmed through a plebiscite. By virtue
of law, additional two seats were created to the eight slots in the Cauayan council.

TERM OF MAYOR CAESAR G. DY (2001-2010)

In the May 14, 2001 local elections, Hon. Caesar de Guzman Dy was victorious as the
first elected city mayor of Cauayan. Hon. Diosdado B. Ramirez was his vice mayor and
the city council was composed of Hon. Leoncio N. Dalin, Hon. Carlos O. Chan, Hon.
Edgar M. De Luna, Hon. Edgardo O. Atienza, Hon. Eugenio V. Asirit, Hon. Alejandro
Quicho Uy III, Hon. Michael John C. Delmendo, Hon. Joselito O. Ortiz, Jr., and Hon.
Edwin Gonzales Lucas.

After the barangay and SK elections on July 15, 2002, Hon. Victor G. Dy won as LMB
President while Hon. Charmlaine A. Ordoñez won as SKF President.

In the May 10, 2004 local elections, Mayor Caesar Dy won his second term together
with re-electionist Vice Mayor Diosdado Ramirez. The elected city councilors were: Hon.
Edgar M. De Luna, Hon. Jose L. Abad, Hon. Leoncio Angoluan Dalin, Jr., Hon. Francisco
Nicolas Mallillin, Hon. Severino Baccay Asirit, Hon. Alejandro Quicho Uy III, Hon.
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Reynaldo L. Uy, Hon. Felix C. Reyes, Hon. Salcedo Tagala Foronda, and Hon. Michael
John C. Delmendo.

Mayor Caesar Dy won a third and last term on May 14, 2007 midterm elections. The
elected vice mayor was Hon. Bartolome Agonoy Mallillin and the city councilors were:
Hon. Leoncio A. Dalin, Jr., Hon. Jose L. Abad, Hon. Proceso J. Cortes, Hon. Reynaldo A.
Uy, Hon. Michael John C. Delmendo, Hon. Eugenio Baccay Asirit, Jr., Hon. James B.
Maramag, Hon. Ruben G. Tumbaga, Hon. Edwin G. Lucas, and Hon. Bernard D. Vitriolo.

In the October 29, 2007 barangay and SK elections, Hon. Victor G. Dy was re-elected
LMB President and Hon. Victor Miguel C. Dy as SK Federation City President.

3RD TERM OF MAYOR BENJAMIN G. DY (2010-2013)

Former Governor Benjamin Dy was elected on his third term and first term as city mayor
of Cauayan on May 10, 2010. His vice mayor was re-elected Vice Mayor Bartolome
Agonoy Mallillin and the elected regular members of the city council were: Hon.
Leoncio A. Dalin, Jr, Hon. Alejandro Q. Uy III, Hon. Jose L. Abad, Hon. Edgar M. De Luna,
Hon. Reynaldo A. Uy, Hon. Francisco N. Mallillin, Hon. Eugenio B. Asirit, Jr., Hon. Ruben G.
Tumbaga, Hon. Edwin G. Lucas, and Hon. Salcedo T. Foronda.

The October 25, 2010 barangay and SK elections catapulted LMB President Victor Dy
on his third term with Hon. Krystyna Louise C. Dy as SK Federation President. SK Dy;
however, was elected SK provincial head with an ex-officio seat in the Sangguniang
panlalawigan. Her seat in the city council was filled up by Hon. Samantha Ezra L. Dalin.

TERM OF MAYOR BARTOLOME A. MALLILLIN (2013)

Mayor Benjamin Dy succumbed to an illness on February 16, 2013 and by law of
succession, Vice Mayor Bartolome Agonoy Mallillin assumed the mayorship of Cauayan
City. His term ended on June 30, of the same year. Senior Councilor Leoncio A. Dalin, Jr.
assumed the position of city vice mayor. No appointment filled up the vacancy in the
council.

TERM OF MAYOR BERNARD FAUSTINO M. DY (since 2013)

Hon. Bernard Faustino M. Dy was elected as city mayor of Cauayan on May 13, 2013
together with third-termer Vice Mayor Bartolome Agonoy Mallillin. The city council was
composed of Hon. Edgar Mariano De Luna, Hon. Francisco Nicolas Mallillin, Hon.
Alejandro Quicho Uy III, Hon. Marco Paolo Arriola Meris, Hon. Salcedo Tagala Foronda,
Hon. Eugenio Baccay Asirit, Jr., Hon. Bagnos Antonio Maximo, Hon. Edwin Gonzales
Lucas, Hon. Gil Aquino Guzman, and Hon. Danilo Baccay Asirit.

In the October 28, 2013 barangay elections, Hon. Victor H. Dy, Jr. was elected LMB
President. On March 11, 2016, Vice Mayor Mallillin dies in office. By law of succession,
Senior Councilor De Luna assumed as vice mayor. No appointment filled up the
vacancy in the council.

In the May 9, 2016 national and local elections, Mayor Bernard Faustino M. Dy was re-
elected with coming back Hon. Leoncio A. Dalin, Jr. as his vice mayor. The members of
the Sangguniang Panlungsod were: Hon. Edgar Mariano De Luna, Hon. Marco Paolo
Arriola Meris, Hon. Garry Gundran Galutera, Hon. Edgardo O. Atienza, Hon. Francisco
Nicolas Mallillin, Hon. Alejandro Quicho Uy III, Hon. Danilo Baccay Asirit, Hon. Salcedo
Tagala Foronda, Hon. Reynaldo A. Uy and Hon. Bagnos Antonio Maximo.

GAWAGAWAY-YAN FESTIVAL
The City Fiesta and the Feast of Our lady of the Pillar are celebrated annually on April
10-13 and October 10-12 respectively. Since its conversion into a component city on
March 30, 2001, the City Government started to celebrate its founding anniversary with
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the conduct of “Gawagaway-yan” Festival aimed to preserve the rich cultural heritage
of the city. It is highlighted by street dancing, beauty contest, trade fair, cultural
parade, parlor games, free concert, band exhibition and other variety shows
performed by local and Manila-based talents as well. The city produced the longest
Cassava Roll measuring 1,250 last 2005.

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VISION

“THE IDEAL CITY OF THE

NORTH”

MISSION

We will be the Ideal City of the North by living up the following:

Greenest most eco-friendly prestige city
Being the melting pot of rich and diverse cultures
Center of economic progress and sustainable development
Active, innovative, eco-friendly, caring and
God-centered community
Honest and competent government equally collaborating
with the empowered people and the private sectors

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CAUAYAN CITY: The Ideal City of the North

INTRODUCTION

A melting pot, the center for tobacco industry of the north,

a cosmopolitan place where people of rich and diverse cultures
co-mingled, and known as the “Mushroom City of the North,“
Cauayan City has truly marked as a fast growing and
competitive rural industrial hub in the heart of Isabela and the
whole region of Cagayan Valley. With the city’s economic
vitality, coupled with the collaborative efforts of the local
government, the people, and the private sector, Cauayan City is
on its way of achieving its mission, which is to be the “melting pot of rich and diverse
cultures, center for economic progress and sustainable development, eco-friendly,
innovative and God-centered community, and honest government equally
collaborating with the empowered people and the private sector,” truly making it the
IDEAL City of the North.

Accessibility and Convenience of Transportation

Being at the center makes Cauayan City very accessible for the transportation
of people and goods. Different vehicles such as jeepneys, van, buses, tricycles, and
even airplanes can be used to reach the city. In the province of Isabela, it is only in
Cauayan City where there is a domestic airport. The presence of Cauayan Domestic
Airport makes the city the region’s international cargo port and the springboard to the
coastal towns’ rich tourist attractions.
Center for Business and Financial Services
As of the present, there are a total of 2,441 registered business establishments in
Cauayan City engaging in different commercial activities like wholesale merchandise,
retail trade, sari-sari stores, banking and finance, and service-oriented commercial
establishments. Cauayan City Public Market also serves as the trade port where all
products coming from the city’s neighboring towns are bought and sold. Now, with
Cauayan City’s economic vitality, the presence of SM City Cauayan the city makes us
the most promising investment havens in the region.
Highly Competitive in Agriculture
Cauayan City is located at the northern region of the Philippines surrounded with
mountainous and forest lands. With this, it is gifted with fertile valley best suited for
agriculture. Agriculture plays a big role on the city’s economy. 78% of its total land area
is utilized for agriculture, specifically corn and rice production. Farming is the major
industry in Cauayan City and it is highly mechanized since the agricultural lands are
irrigated through the presence of Cagayan, Suffi, and Magat rivers. The Department of
Agriculture considers Cauayan City as one of the key grain areas in Cagayan Valley
region. Cauayan City has a total of 18,146.48 hectares used as Strategic Crop
Development Zone.
Mushroom City of the North
The city’s soil fertility also plays a major role for making it the “Mushroom City of
the North” approved through Resolution # 2005-050, the resolution adopting the
mushroom production and processing as the city’s main product. Considering its
inexpensiveness, uniqueness, and availability in the locality, mushroom is chosen to be
Cauayan City’s main product pursuant to One Town One Product. Among the
bestselling products gained from the mushroom industry are oyster mushroom spawns,
mushroom pickles, burger patties, mushroom tempura, “dinakdakan,” and mushroom
empanada.
Rich and Diverse Culture

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Majority of the inhabitants of Cauayan City are Ybanags, Gaddangs, Ilocanos,

and Itawis who are known to be naturally friendly and religious. They are also good
agriculturists who engage themselves in farming. Most families in Cauayan City have
their own gardens in their backyard where they plant different fruits and vegetables for
trade but more for their own consumption. Thus, people are hard-working and self-
sufficient living a simple life. Every patronal fiesta, the city government organizes the so-
called Gaddang Night where all Gaddangs from all parts of Cauayan City are
gathered to celebrate and honor the richness of Gaddang culture in the city. This only
shows that despite modernization and urbanization coming the city, its culture is still
highly preserved.
Leadership and Good Governance
The Cauayan City Hall, a 4-storey building grandly standing at the center of
Cauayan City, is the representation of a transparent, accountable, steadfast, and
compassionate leadership and government that Cauayan City has. Cauayan City’s
leaders are committed and dedicated to work with passion for the people and with the
people. Through the leadership of Mayor Bernard Faustino Dy, Vice Mayor Leoncio
“Bong” Dalin, and with the cooperation of the city councilors and city departments,
services are assured to be extended to the people satisfactorily. Cauayan City has a
citizen and service-oriented government working hand-in-hand to make the city not
only a home to a progressive and vibrant economy but also a clean and safe
environment with empowered and involved citizenry.
Tourism
One of the biggest events that happened in the history of Cauayan City was
the opening of SM City Cauayan which was a full-packed celebration attended by
people all over Cauayan City and nearby towns and provinces, celebrities, political
personalities, and other visitors. The establishment of SM City Cauayan does not only
open a venue for tourism and recreational activities but more importantly, it provided
job opportunities for our citizens.
The celebration of the 2015 Gawagaway-yan Festival has also been an
outstanding one. Such festival, which marked the 13th cityhood anniversary of Cauayan
City has attracted guests and visitors as we staged new attractions and new set of
activities like the Cagayan River Cruise, the very first activity initiated to utilize the
potential of the Cagayan River for recreation and water activities, Bangkarera and
Creative Bangka Competition, and extreme activities such as archery tournament,
motocross challenge, bike show/motor show, and the 4x4 off-road challenge. Support
was also given during the Patronal Fiesta through which the candle-lighting area and
arch were built for the beautification of the Our Lady of the Pillar Parish Church.
Cauayan City was also involved in the promotion of trade and agricultural products of
different municipalities as we hosted the 2014 Tourism Council Trade Fair.
Year 2016 marks the 276th founding anniversary of Cauayan City and we commit
to celebrate it whole round this year. As part of this celebration, the City Government,
with the support of San Miguel Corporation, is now developing an Eco-Tourism Park
called the Hacienda San Luis which will be the tourist destination of Cauayan City. We
will find in this site our City Museum that will showcase our history, Gaddang culture and
Tabacalera’s tobacco industry; a recreation area in the terrains and waters of
Cagayan River which will be utilized for sports activities such as zip line, boat-river cruise,
and water sports; a Multi-Purpose Events Place, a souvenir shop and a horseback riding
area. With these new amenities and activities, we will be able to enhance the potential
of Cauayan City as a tourism haven in Region 2 and be able to attract tourists both
local and foreign to visit and experience what our city has to offer.

Efficient and Effective LGU

The City Government formulated and adopted innovations in local governance.

LGU-Cauayan City is the first local government unit in Cagayan Valley which has been
certified with ISO 9001:2015 in Quality Management System. This certification embodies

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the commitment of every employee of the City Government to work in accordance

with international and quality standards of public service in order to get the confidence
of the general public and encourage them to work hand-in-hand with the LGU in the
implementation of laws and general projects. Also, Cauayan City is the first in the region
to adopt the Public-Private Partnership Code which entices the business sector to be
involved in the implementation of developmental projects. Some of the
accomplishments through the PPP Code are the Hacienda San Luis and the newly
constructed Public market. We also have partnerships with the different sectors of the
community including NGO’s such as the Junior Chamber International, Rotary Club,
and Filipino-Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry, among others, and created
sisterhood with countries such as Fangchenggang City, Nanning, China, Yamagata,
Japan, and Georgia as preparation for the ASEAN Economic Community as well as for
the expansion of our network and economic enhancement. Our Business Permit and
Licensing Office adopted the Regulatory Simplification for Local Government which
provides an express lane in acquiring business permit and tricycle franchise. As a
government of transparency and accountability, we continue to launch the Good
Morning Isabela program, utilize the Cauayan City Official Website, and we formally
created the Bamboo, our official gazette with the aim of making our people more
involved, interactive, and informed about all the transactions of the City Government.

Social Responsibility

Our new strategies and innovations in public service have enabled us to better
fulfil our social responsibilities.

a. Education/ Employment/ Business

We visited different public schools all over Cauayan City and distributed school
supplies and school bags to elementary students. The City Mobile Library has also been
our partner in promoting literacy among our constituents in different schools and
barangays with its double decker facility of books and computers efficient for data
gathering and research, not only for students but even for out-of-school youth. We
have strengthened our educational assistance through our City Government
Scholarship Program. The enhancement of business competitiveness is also among our
top priorities. We have created an Entrepreneurship Office to cater the entrepreneurs
of Cauayan City which we believe is one way in helping provide jobs. We participated
in the 3rd Annual General Assembly & Educational Forum by the Philippine Federation of
Credit Cooperatives-National with our continuous support for cooperative growth and
development. Same support was given to the DOLE Livelihood Program, Negosyo sa
Kariton. We also implemented an amended Investment Code for an investor friendly
and enticing business environment. We will also target to be the front liner LGU to be
included in the first 100 centers to set up Go Negosyo Center as assistance to small and
medium enterprises.

b. Health Care Services

The City Government continues to support projects and programs pertaining to

proper nutrition, sanitation, as well as citizen empowerment and active youth
participation. Among these activities are the breastfeeding, feeding programs,
assistance to pregnant women, Batang Radyo sa Nutrisyon, and the distribution of
slippers in different barangays. We have implemented a free movie viewing privilege for
our senior citizens apart from the twenty percent (20%) discount and value-added tax
(VAT) exemption on admission fees on theaters, cinema houses, and concert halls. We
provided an additional ambulance of Rescue 922 to cater more health services, and
built an additional rural health unit, the RHU III in Nungnungan, which is under
construction to accommodate the health needs of the people of Tanap region.

c. Peace and Order

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The maintenance of peace and order in the city has now been strengthened
with the establishment of the newly improved Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology (BJMP) and Cauayan City Philippine National Police (PNP) headquarters
equipped with new facilities. The Bureau of Fire Protection now has its new fire truck. We
also adopted a systematic and computerized police clearance process. Apart from our
mobile patrol cars which are consistently making rounds within the city, we also formed
the SWAT and Special Reaction Unit to monitor the security of our place, with the
support of the members of the Isabela Anti-Crime Task Force (IACTF). A new Bahay Pag-
asa in Manalpaac was also created to house our juvenile delinquents for rehabilitation.
With respect to traffic flow, we adopted re-routing schemes and implemented a towing
ordinance to manage and regulate flow of vehicles in our streets. The City of Cauayan
have the BGD Command Center and the City Crime Laboratory to promote a more
peaceful and secured City of Cauayan.

d. Environment Sustainability

The City Government actively participated in the planting of trees in different

barangays as part of the National Greening Program Activity. We also joined with the
Cauayan City Water District in its Fish Seeding Program “Damayan sa Ilog Cagayan” to
save the Cagayan River. In collaboration with the private sector, we participated in the
adoption of an Estero Program to promote sustained rehabilitation and restoration of
communal bodies of water and water ways for the preservation of natural resources
and creation of a balanced ecosystem as a sufficient source of food.

e. Infrastructure

We doubled our efforts in the creation and implementation of infrastructures to

better serve our dear Cauayeños. Among these infrastructures are the Hacienda San
Luis, the new site of PNP and BJMP headquarters, Bahay Pag-asa, and the newly
improved F.L.DY Memorial Coliseum now equipped with air conditioning units. We also
installed a total of 175 streetlights and street names with concrete pedestal within
Poblacion Area and Public Market and 9 deepwell units in selected resettlement areas.
We now have drainage structure in District 1 and we will construct another drainage
structure along FND Avenue. A Day Care Center with Multi-Purpose Hall is also being
constructed at Barangay San Fermin.
The construction of new roads with drainages and bridges component has been
one of our priorities in infrastructures.
A newly constructed public market, which we will call as Primark with foot bridge.
A new site for public cemetery, and the Manalpaac Core Shelter Project with 50 units to
be granted to indigents. Initial talks and inspection have been conducted for the
creation of a solar powered city hall and a 10 megawatt solar farm, which will be the
first in the region.

Smarter City

In 2014, we started incorporating information technology to enhance our

performance in providing services to our people. Cauayan City is the first in Cagayan
Valley to implement the DOST’s Juan Time, a campaign which aims to promote a
synchronized Philippine Standard Time. We gave time pieces to all the sixty-five (65)
barangays which display the Philippine Standard Time, receive information and
announcements from the Office of the City Mayor, weather updates from DOST, and
the suggested retail prices of palay, rice, and corn from DTI for the information of our
farmers and business partners. Cauayan City is also the first to implement the Cauayan
City Identification System where residents of Cauayan City will be given an ID,
recognized as a valid and government ID for purposes of identification and give the
citizens priority access to assistance, privileges, and benefits granted by the City
Government. We distributed vests to our tricycle drivers, life vests, bags, and aprons to
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our vendors all with Proud Cauayeño logos to create a unified community. Cauayan
City Connect, the fastest, easiest, and most convenient tool to navigate and
experience Cauayan City with just one click wherever you are and whenever you
want. This is the most efficient, instant, and effective tourist guide we can offer to our
prospective visitors locally and around the world. In the next coming years, we commit
that Cauayan City will not get left behind with the fast pace of technological
advancement by increasing internet access, improve technological skills, and expand
the innovative use of data to provide better services and improve lives. We will make
Cauayan City the center hotspot for free access to Internet, thus make it a Smarter
City.

Closing message

Our vigorous and collaborative efforts to be of best service to our people

enabled us to receive recognitions and awards in 2016 both in the national and
international levels. Our Rescue 922 has been a consistent winner of the Gawad
Kalasag Award, same is true with our City Nutrition Council awarded as the Regional
and National Outstanding Crown Winner in Nutrition and the City Agriculture’s Office as
National Rice and Corn Achiever’s Awardee. Our City Cooperative Office also won as
winner in the Regional Gawad Parangal being the Most Outstanding LGU-Cooperative
Development Office and 1st runner up in the national level. Cauayan City was also
adjudged as the Best Holiday Destination, Top Hospitality Website, and Best City for
Dynamic Growth in the International Contest Stars on Health and Wellness held in Stresa,
Italy. These recognitions showcase a unified community of proud Cauayenos working
together to improve and enhance the competitiveness of Cauayan City. Behind these
awards lies the challenge to each one of us, from the different sectors of the
community, to sustain what has been started, to strengthen what we have achieved,
and to advance our humble beginnings in order to become not only the city of the
first’s and the brand new’s but the city of the best, which will enable us achieve of our
vision of making Cauayan City the Ideal City of the North.

Hon. Bernard Faustino M. Dy

City Mayor

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SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE
NATURAL FEATURES AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

1.1 Geographic Location

The City of Cauayan is one of the two cities and 35 municipalities of the Province of
Isabela. It is situated in Central Isabela and is centrally located in the entire Cagavan
Valley region. It is bounded by eight municipalities, on the north by Reina Mercedes; on
the northeast by Naguilian; on the east by Benito Soliven; on the Southeast by San
Guillermo; on the south by Angadanan; on the southwest by Alicia; and on the
northwest by Luna and Cabatuan. It is located at 16° 56.080'N, Longitude and 121°
46.463'E, Latitude.

Cauayan is directly accessible to all of its neighboring municipalities. From

Naguilian and Reina Mercedes, 15.04 and 11.24 kilometers respectively on the
concrete-paved Maharlika Highway; from Luna, Cabatuan, and San Mateo, 7.19, 11.7,
and 23.50 kilometers respectively. It is 34.5 kilometers south of Ilagan, the capital town
of Isabela, about 117 kilometers away from Tuguegarao City, and approximately 375
kilometers to Manila or about 8 hours trip by land and less than an hour flight by plane.

1.2 Land Area

Cauayan comprises an aggregate area of 343.358799 square kilometers

representing 3.15% of the total land area of the province which is 10,664.56 sq.
kilometers. It ranks tenth highest in terms of land area among the 37 Local Government
Units of the province of Isabela.

1.3 Political Subdivision and Physical Boundaries

The total land area of the city of Cauayan is divided among its 65 component
barangays as listed in Table No. 1 and shown in Map 1.

Table No. 1: List of Barangay, Barabgay Captains, Area & Distance: 2015

BARANGAY BARANGAY CAPTAIN AREA (Has) Distance from City Hall (Kms.)
Alicaocao Teresa T. Bual 36.04 2.20
Alinam Domingo Pulido 177.06 10.00
Amobocan Eduardo Duad 250.00 16.20
Andarayan Eligio P. Taguibao 93.40 7.10
Bacolod Franco Bautista 1,314.95 19.00
Bar. Norte Jayson N. Deza 200.00 6.00
Bar. Sur Pablo A. Gammad 143.90 6.48
Buena Suerte Dennis A. Dela Cruz 229.00 2.43
Bugallon Luis L. Zipagan, Jr. 62.68 7.45
Buyon Jessie V. Eder, Sr. 1,020.12 25.00
Cabaruan Alejandro V. Divina 484.04 1.70
Cabugao Tranquilino A. Gonzalo 630.00 16.25
Car. Bacareño Rolly O. Sales 95.00 5.05
Car. Chica Brando B. Dela Cruz 63.00 3.20
Car. Grande Jimmy M. Rodriguez 25.20 3.75
Car. Punta Jocelyn R. Zipagan 75.34 4.34
Casalatan Orlando T. Bartolome 833.59 16.90
Cassap Fuera Jeorge G. Ballesteros 25.56 6.75
Catalina Mateo B. Taguibao 33.94 6.82
Culalabat Arnel Bartolome 145.50 4.20
Dabburab Joseph A. Benigno 258.00 6.20
De Vera Jerry T. Hermoso 481.67 31.80
Dianao Roel A. Quebral 800.25 29.54
Disimuray Pablo D. Pabigayan 690.53 22.50
District I Esteban Q. Uy 166.03 0.75
District II Josephine M. Rivera 32.15 0.70

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Cont…
BARANGAY BARANGAY CAPTAIN AREA (Has) Distance from City Hall (Kms.)
District III Bagnos R. Maximo, Jr. 70.95 0.05
Duminit Arsenio B. Cacal 100.92 3.20
Faustino Joey M. Collado 242.29 7.20
Gagabutan Joel B. Taguba 195.76 3.30
Gappal Joselito A. Ortiz, Sr. 1,349.28 24.96
Guayabal Mariano Maribbay 25.68 5.09
Labinab Joey C. Calma 600.00 1.80
Linglingay Marlon Visitacion 246.44 33.08
Mabantad Francisco A. Asuncion,Jr. 101.42 4.00
Maligaya Mauricio A. Benigno 1,367.60 21.70
Manaoag Sonny G. Nonan 601.60 27.73
Marabulig I Orlando S. Villa, Sr. 653.45 3.50
Marabulig II Pio P. Bumatnong 386.00 8.50
Minante I Samuel L. Cortes 324.60 3.50
Minante II Edgardo A. Atienza, Jr. 582.00 4.50
Naganacan Renato G. Aquino 424.32 11.50
Nagcampegan Rodolfo A. dela Cruz 87.61 4.90
Nagrumbuan Nena R. Velasco 2,001.00 8.18
Nungnungan I Leopoldo C. Aquino 1,082.00 9.50
Nungnungan II Severino D. Covita 417.89 6.40
Pinoma Romeo D. Gallema 1,350.00 12.00
Rizal Faustino C. Cabauatan 86.93 4.80
Rogus Lolita M. Gapasin 2,005.00 34.90
San Antonio Bolivar C. Salvador 881.81 13.80
San Fermin Victor H. Dy, Jr. 844.37 1.50
San Francisco Reynaldo G. Ramos 638.59 8.20
San Isidro Rodolfo M. Junio 310.98 8.00
San Luis Efren C. Reotiras 1,600.00 11.60
San Pablo Warlito A. Rumbaoa,Sr. 1,155.95 8.55
Sillawit Michael D. Evangelista 360.00 7.50
Sinippil Arsenio P. Bite 531.29 17.80
Sta. Maria Teofilo B. Cabansag 382.00 25.70
Sta. Luciana Alberto D. Mendoza 519.99 7.20
Tagaran Hipolito G. Abrito 470.00 4.00
Turayong Romeo A. Cambri 121.49 1.50
Union Danilo A. Asuncion 271.00 9.50
Villa Concepcion Soledad A. Quijano 1,151.73 27.20
Villa Flor Mario M. dela Cruz 1,379.66 42.10
Villa Luna Oscar A. de Luna 351.82 8.30

Map 1 : Administrative Boundary Map

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It is bounded on the north by the vast plains of Reina Mercedes; on the east and
northeast by Caonayan creek; on the south by the hills of forest region; on the
southwest by Alinam creek; and on the northwest by Marabulig creek.

1.4 Topography and Slope Characteristics

1.4.1 Topography

The City of Cauayan has mixed topographic landscape. The southeastern

portion is mountainous while the western and central portions are land or plains. Portion
of the north and northeastern areas have gently sloping relief. Moderately undulating
and gently rolling areas are found on the eastern portion of the city.

1.4.2 Slope

The terrain of the city is generally flat with 18,502.248 hectares falling under the 0-
5% slope category which constitutes about 55% of the total land area of Cauayan.
The remaining 15,138.203 hectares are classified under the 5-40% slope category. Slope
classification is shown in detail at Table No. 2 and Map No. 2

Table No. 2 : SLOPE CLASSIFICATION

SLOPE SLOPE GROUPING LAND AREA PERCENT RECOMMENDED USE

CATEGORY INTERPRETATION (Has.)
Intensive Agriculture; High
A Flat or Level Land 15.16%
5,205.319 Density Urban Development
Intensive Agriculture; High
B Level or nearly Level 20.68%
7,100.660 Density Urban Development
Intensive Agriculture with Soil
Very gently sloping or Conservation Measures also
C 22.83%
gently endulating High Density Urban
7,838.881 Development
Gently sloping or The Soil is best suited to
D 18.75%
endulating 6,437.977 permanent tree crops
Moderate sloping or Best suited to permanent
E 14.43%
Rolling 4,954.667 forest tree crops
Strongly Sloping or Best suited to permanent
F 3.03%
Strongly Rolling 1,040.377 tree crops
Best suited for pasture and
G Steep or Hilly 3.15%
1,081.580 forest
MISCELLANEOUS 58.371 0.17%
RW - Riverwash Sandy 618.046 1.80%
or Gravelly River
TOTAL 34,335.8799 100.00%
Source : Bureau of Soils - Ilagan, Isabela

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Map 2 : Slope Classification Map

1.5 Climate, Rainfall and Typhoon Occurrence:

1.5.1 Climate

The City of Cauayan falls under two distinct types namely Type III and Type IV.
Type III is characterized by no pronounced season relatively wet from May to
November, dry for the rest of the year. Maximum rain periods are not very pronounced,
dry season lasts from one to three months. Area is partly sheltered from the northeast
monsoon and tradewinds but open to the southwest monsoon or at frequent storms.

Type IV is characterized by the even distribution of rainfall throughout the year.

The most common air currents in the country are the northeast monsoon (from the
higher) pressure of Asia, to tradewinds (from the Pacific), and the southeast monsoon
(from the southern hemisphere). The general direction of winds from these sources are
from north to east (October to January), from east to southeast (February to April) and
going south (May to September).

1.5.2 Rainfall Distribution

The climate is tropical in the City of Cauayan. There is significant rainfall in most
months of the year. The short dry season has little effect on the overall climate.The rainfall
here averages 1959 mm.

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1.5.3 Temperature

Chart 2 The change in the climate is attributed to the global warming and
greenhouse effect. May is the warmest month with an average of 29.0 °C. January has the
lowest average temperature of 24.0 °C. The driest month is February. The average annual
temperature is 26.8 °C.

1.5.4 Typhoon Occurrence

An average of 19 typhoons is visiting Cauayan yearly leaving heavy toll on

agricultural crops, infrastructures, and even lives and properties.

1.6 Soil Types

Table No. 3 : SOIL TYPES/SERIES, ESTIMATED AREA AND RECOMMENDED USE

SOIL TYPES/SERIES AREA (Has.) PERCENT RECOMMENDED USE

Paddy rice and lowland
1.0 BAGO SERIES 3,720.634 11.06% rice, diversified
crop land, trees or agro-
1.1 Bago Clay Loam 3,720.634 11.06% forest.
Paddy rice and lowland
2.0 CAUAYAN SERIES 15,091.106 44.86% rice, diversified
crop land, trees or agro-
2.1 Cauayan Clay Loam 9,984.486 29.68% forest.
2.2 Cauayan Sandy Clay Loam 5,106.620 15.18%
Fruit trees and vegetables,
3.0 ILAGAN SERIES 1,988.151 5.91% corn, tobacco,
3.1 Ilagan Clay Loam 1,988.151 5.91% peanut and mongo.
Diversified crops like corn,
4.0 QUINGUA SERIES 2,637.411 7.84% mongo,
peanut, beans, upland rice
4.1 Quingua Clay Loam 440.690 1.31% and vegetables
4.2 Quingua Silt Loam 1,258.153 3.74%
4.3 Quingua Sandy Loam 427.233 1.27%
4.4 Quingua Silty Clay Loam 511.335 1.52%
Diversified crops, fruit trees
5.0 SAN MANUEL SERIES 218.663 0.65% or
5.1 San Manuel Silt Loam 218.663 0.65% permanent crops.
Rice is not suitable. Best
6.0 RUGAO SERIES 8,796.978 26.15% suited only for
6.1 Rugao Clay Loam 8,796.978 26.15% permanent tree crops.
Rice, diversified crop land
7.0 TAGULOD SERIES 521.427 1.55% like corn,
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peanut, tobacco,
7.1 Tagulod Clay Loam 521.427 1.55% vegetables, sugarcane,
fruit trees or agro-forest.
Miscellaneous Land Type 60.553 0.18%
Riverwash Sandy 605.528 1.80%
TOTAL 34,335.8799 100.00%
Source : Bureau of Soils

1.7 Land Capability

Based on the survey conducted by the Bureau of Soils and the Department of
Agriculture, there are eight (8) land capability classes found within the locality namely
Class A, Class B, Class Bw, Class Ce, Class Cw, Class De, Class Ls, and Class M.

The soil types classified under the land capability class A are Bago Clay Loam,
Cauayan Clay Loam, and Cauayan Sandy Clay Loam which are under the 0.0%-1.0%
slope category. Bago Clay loam, Quinga Silt and Clay Loam and Tagulod Clay Loam
also belong to this class which is under 1.0%-2.0% slope category. These are good land
and can be cultivated safely requiring only simple but good farm management
practice.

The soil types classified under the land capability Class Be are Quinga Sandy
Clay Loam, Canaan Sandy Clay Loam ranging from 1.0%-2.0% slope category. And also
Quinga Silt Loam, Quinga Clay Loam, Cauayan Sandy Clay Loam, Cauayan Clay
Loam, and Bago Clay Loam which are under the range of 2.0%-5.0% slope category.

Soil types under the land capability class Bw are Cauayan Clay Loam and
Tagulod Clay Loam which are under from 0.0%-1.0% slope category. This soil type is a
good land; nearly level; occurs in depression; can be cultivated safely requiring well
designed canals, drainage system and protection dikes to protect it from occasional
overflow. It observes the time of planting used at high yielding varieties, right kind and
quantity of fertilizers, control of weeds, pests and diseases.

Soil types under the land capability class Ce are Rugao lay Loam and Ilagan
Clay Loam which are under 8.0%-15% slope category. This type is moderately good
land; moderately sloping; moderately to severely eroded; can be cultivated safely if
carefully planned with erosion control measure, careful management and industrious
conservation is practically observed.

Soil type under the land capability class Cw is San Manuel Silt Loam which is
under the 2.5% slope category. The soil under this class is moderately good land; nearly
level; occurs in depression, can be cultivated safely but requires protection from
frequent overflow, carefully designed drainage system, and careful management -
practice.

Another land class is Rugao Clay Loam which is under from 15%-25% slope
category which is under the land capability class De. This land is fairly good, strongly
sloping, severe to very severely erode, can be cultivated occasionally if handled with
care; requires very careful management and complex conservation practices. Level to
nearly level land, too stony or sandy which make cultivation impractical recommended
for pasture or forest with food soil management.

The last of the land capability classes is class M. Under this class is Lagan Clay
Loam which range from 25%-40% slope category. This kind of land is steep, very
severely to excessively erode or shallow for cultivation. Vegetation are secondary
growth forest and grasses with patches of cultivated areas. Careful management is
needed.
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1.7.1 Land Suitability

Based on the data supplied by MRMP-ADD-NIA, arable lands within Cauayan

are classified into three, namely diversified cropland classes, Riceland classes, and dual
class lands.

1.7.2 Diversified Crop Land Classes

These lands are those that have good natural surface drainage. Even during
intense rains, the soil profile remains wet for only a short duration of time and not
mottled with thick gravel underlying slum. This is composed of two major classes
enumerated below:

Class 2. Lands under this class are suited to all climatically adapt diversified
crops such as corn, peanut, beans, tobacco and others. These lands have either
drainage or topographic deficiencies or both.

Class 3. Lands under this class have relatively serious physical limitations which
reduces its productivity. However, it can be successfully irrigated and is valuable
increment to the project. It has limited crop adaptability because of flooding hazard,
topography or soil conditions.

1.7.3 Rice Land Classes

These are lands that can be flooded without deep percolation water loss. Some
subsurface drainage is desirable but not excessive. Lands of this category possesses the
capacity of soil surface for paddling; moderate to slow permeability of the soil or subsoil
and a barrier in the subsoil or substratum which will prevent higher water losses. The
following are the lands classified under this class:

Class 1R. These are land classes that lie above the present flood level which are
not subject to serious flooding. Land development is minimal consisting of simple farm
drainage and ditches.

Class 2R. These are lands well suited for paddy rice. They have moderate soil
deficiency: topography or flooding, which reduces yield below class 1R.

Class 3R. These are lands that have topographic deficiency or are low lying
wherein wastewater from adjacent lands accumulate or are lands that have
undulating or irregular surface or both.

1.7.4 Dual Class Lands

Cauayan has lands that have potentials for both rice and diversified crop
production. Lands belonging to this category are used for rice production during the
wet season and can be used for diversified crop production during the dry season with
subsurface drainage provided at moderate cost.

Non-arable lands are areas not fit for irrigated crops production management.
Lands under this are M lands and Class 6 lands.

M lands are those areas occupied by city proper and barangay sites,
subdivisions, and land in the active stage of subdividing.

Class 6 lands are those not suited for irrigation development because of serious
physical or economic factors. These include steep lands over 8% slope, rolling lands
that are difficult to irrigate, undulating lands with soils to shallow for leveling prior to
irrigation, lands in low portions where excess wastewater from surface or subsurface
may accumulate, and lands subject to serious flooding from overflow.
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1.8 Geologic Structure and Characteristics

Based on the soil survey conducted in the province of Isabela, alluvium

comprises most of the areas along the Cagayan River. Underneath this alluvium are
Baton and Vigor formations of the middle Neocene epoch. The rolling lands and high
places along the Cagayan River are of marine and terrestrial sediments associated with
reef limestone and pyroclastic materials. There are also marl and reworked tuff in some
places. Sporadic terrace gravel deposits are found in coastal and fluvial tracts. In
some elevated flat lands, surfaces are plateau red earths

1.9 Surface Drainage

The mighty Cagayan River and its tributaries form the natural drainage of
Cauayan. It traverses the entire city from south to north cutting it almost equally into
two segments. The tributaries of the river are seven (7) creeks namely Minanga,
Caonayan, Bulod, Nungnungan, Alinam, Marabulig, and Minante. The Caonayan and
Minante creeks serve as outlet of the forest region while Bulod creek serves as outlet of
Tanap region to the Caravan River.

These water bodies within the locality are good sources of fresh water fishes and
also provide water for irrigation purposes.

1.10 Flood Prone Areas

Storm and Typhoons are common in Cauayan as with the rest of the entire
length of Region 02, it, being situated within the typhoon belt. Typhoons occur at any
month within the year, however, becomes predominant from July to November
resulting in heavy rains which cause flooding.
The low-lying areas along the Cagayan River are often subjected to severe
inundation during typhoons. Table No. 4 and Map No. 3 show that an estimated
3,954.79 hectares of agricultural lands found in 17 barangays are rendered underwater
during high river flows. Damage to arable land however, is not very serious as these are
inundated only for short periods by flowing backwaters which are not erosive; damage
is usually restricted to crops. This annual occurrence could be corrected by major flood
control structures. Also flooded during rainy days are some parts of the poblacion
which is attributed to inefficient drainage system.

Table No. 4 : NATURAL FLOODING HAZARD

Potential Flooding Estimated Land Percent to Total Location

and Definitions Area (Hectares) Land Area
NO FLOODING All barangays not named
30,153.77 87.82
HAZARD below.
FLOODING HAZARD
> Slightly 17.17 0.05 Dabburab, Guayabal
Areas along Tagaran , Sipat,
> Moderately 638.65 1.86 Minante and Marabulig Creeks
Nagcampegan, Mabantad,
Carabbatan Chica,
Carabbatan Grande,
Carabbatan bacareño,
> Severe 3,526.39 10.27 Carabbatan Punta, Portion of
Bugallon, Andarayan, Union,
Gagabutan, Duminit, Villa Luna,
Catalina, Baringin Norte/Sur,
San Luis, Cassap Fuera.
TOTAL 34,335.8799 100.000
Source: CPDC Primary Survey

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Map No. 3 : Flooding Hazard Map

1.11 Erosion Prone Areas

A total aggregate area of 125 hectares of land along the Cagayan River is
being subjected to severe erosion. Table No. 5 and Map No. 4 has more to present.

Table No. 5 : EROSION CONDITION/POTENTIALS

Erosion Condition Estimated Land Percent to Total Location

Area (Has.) Land Area
All barangays not named
NO APPARENT EROSION 33,065.451 98.29 below.
> Slightly Eroded
Alicaocao, Gappal,
> Moderately Eroded 50.00 0.15
Duminit, Gagabutan
Catalina, Cassap Fuera,
> Severely Eroded 225.00 0.67
Andarayan
Guayabal, Baringin Norte,
> Very Severely Eroded 300.000 0.89 Baringin
Sur,Nagcampegan
Carabbatan Grande,
Carabbatan
Chica,Mabantad,
Dabburab,
TOTAL 34,335.8799 100.000
Source: CPDC Primary Survey

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Map No. 4 : Erosion Condition Map

DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

This chapter provides a general picture of the demographic profile of the people,
the different population distributions and composition of the city. Population
distribution patterns determines centers of population, urbanization and density levels
while population composition shows characteristics of the population in terms of age
groupings, sex structure, marital status and labor force of the locality.

2.1 Historical Growth of Population

The first recorded census of Cauayan was in 1903 with a total population of 3,954
which increased to 10,083 in 1918. Latest census conducted by the NSO in 2000 shows
that the City of Cauayan has a total population of 103,952. A primary survey
conducted in 2005 showed Cauayan city to have a population of 116,652. Historical
growth of population is shown in Table No. 6 and Chart 4.

Table No. 6 : HISTORICAL GROWTH OF POPULATION

CENSUS TOTAL INCREASE AVERAGE

YEAR POPULATION (DECREASE) GROWTH RATE
1903 3,954
1918 10,083 6,129 5.82
1939 17,518 7,435 2.54
1948 20,486 2,968 1.80
1960 25,744 5,258 1.90
1970 40,732 14,988 4.51
1975 47,235 6,503 2.96
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1980 62,224 14,989 5.48

1990 83,591 21,367 3.00
1995 92,677 9,086 2.08
2000 103,952 11,275 2.30
2005* 116,652 12,700 2.31
2010 122,335 5,683 2.30
2015 129,523 10,728 1.45

Source: NSO/ *Actual Survey/

**Projected

2.2 Total Population

1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 Actual Population

Based on the last two censal years conducted by the National Statistics Office
(NSO), the total population of Cauayan in September 1995 was 92,677 and 103,952 in
2000 with an annual growth rate of 2.30%. In year 2005, an actual survey conducted by
the city showed the population rising by 12,700 or an annual growth rate of 2.31%. After
5 years, actual population of 129,523 showed population growth rate of 1.45% which is
lower by .85% of the population growth rate in 2010.

If population grows consistently by this rate, by year 2016, the city of Cauayan
will have a population count of 140,218. Assuming the same growth rate population is
expected to double up by year 2034 or grow at a rate of 623 persons per day or 10.39
persons per minute.

2.2.1 City Vis-à-vis Provincial Population

In year 2000, the City of Cauayan has reached the 100 thousandth mark
population and during the same year, the share of the City relative to the provincial
population was 8.0% garnering third place in the population ranking of the 35
municipalities and two cities in the province of Isabela. In year 2015, Cauayan City was
ranked third most populous cities in Isabela and 4th most populous cities in Region 2
based on the NSO Survey 2015.

2.3 Urban and Rural Population

2.3.1 Urban Household Population Growth

In 2015, 62,889 or 48.55% of the total household population of Cauayan lived in

urban area which is tremendously higher than the 59,598 in 2010. Barangay San Fermin
shared the biggest urban population percentage with 8.38%, followed by District 1 with
8.23% and Cabaruan with 5.52% as per NSO Survey 2015.

Barangay San Fermin ranked 4 with a population size of 10,856 on the Top 10
most populous barangays in Region 2 followed by District 1 with a 10,662 population size
as per 2015 NSO survey.

2.3.2 Rural Household Population Growth

The City of Cauayan is predominantly rural in nature considering its vast area. In
2010, a total of 62,737 or 51.28% lived in the rural areas. In 2005 70,021or 60.03% chose
rural existence showing a slight increase in growth between years 2000-2005. Of the
total projected household population of in 2011, about 80,603 or 60.33% is expected to

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remain in the rural areas. Nagrumbuan shared the biggest rural population with 3,693 in
2015 followed closely by Villa Concepcion with 3,647. Tailing third is Pinoma with 3,606.

Barangays Catalina and Cassap Fuera have the least number of rural
populations not even reaching the 200th mark. This situation could be attributed to
their proximity to the Cagayan River hence, oftentimes flooded.

2.4 Urbanization, Trend and Distribution

2.4.1 Percent Urbanity/Urbanization Level

In 2010, Cauayan's urbanization level was 48.72% then slightly increased by one
percent (48.71%) in the 2011 level. Percent of urbanity of the municipality shows that
more people choose to live in on the edge of urban areas.

2.4.2 Tempo of Urbanization

In 2010, the tempo of urbanization of the city was 2.56%. In year 2015, the tempo
of urbanization slightly increased to .34% or 2.90%. The decreasing tempo shows that the
rural barangays particularly those adjacent to urban barangays are getting urbanized,
too.

2.4.3 Population Density and Distribution

The population density was placed at 337 persons per square kilometer twice
greater than the provincial density of 122 persons per square kilometer for the same
period. For year 2010, population density was computed at 347 persons per sq. km.
while in 2015, population density was 390 persons per sq. kilometer. This exactly shows
that as the city’s population increases the higher the number of persons per square
kilometer attributed to uncontrolled birth and in-migration.

The City of Cauayan is predominantly rural, based on the 2010 census 51.28% or
62,737 population lived in rural areas, compared to 51.45% in 2015 which is higher by
.17% of the population.

Meanwhile, urban population was 40.1% slightly higher than the 2005 urban
population pegged at 39.98%. In urban population in 2010 constituted 59,598 or 48.72%
slightly higher than in 2015 placed at 48.55%.The foregoing manifests a trend of
increasing urbanization level in the city.

2.5 AGE AND SEX STRUCTURE

2.5.1 Sex Distribution and Composition

Of Cauayan's 2011 household population of 125,148 (CBMS) there were 63,798

males comprising 50.98% and a female population of 61,351 or 49.02% showing a ratio
of 104 male per 100 female the same as in 2005 (104/100).

Year 2000 and 2005 exhibited the same sex composition. Again the male
population outnumbered the females by showing a ratio of 104 males per 100 females
strengthening the predominance of males in the city.

2.5.2 Age Distribution and Composition

In 2011, the child and youth comprising 0-14 age group has a total population of
39,868 comprising 31.86% of the total population. Of this figure, 20,696 or 51.91% are
male outnumbering the female with 19,172 or 48.09%.

For year 2000, there were 39,149 young children of 0-14 years of age or 37.66% of
the total household population.

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2.5.3 Productive Age Population

CBMS survey in 2011, shows that productive population or working age group (15-
64) was 80,394 (64.23% of the total population) which consist of 40,939 male and 39,455
females.
For year 2000, the working age population 14-64 years old increased in
percentage share. With a total of 61,536 working adult population, its share is
computed at 59.2% or 1.52% slightly higher than the 1995 figure. This implies that there
are more economically able bodies in 2000 than in 1995.

2.5.4 Dependency Structure

The total dependent population (0-14 and 65 and over) was 44,754 or 35.76% of
the total population based on the CBMS survey. Of this figure, 22,859 or 51.08% are male
and 21,895 or48.92% are female and the dependency ratio of this is 55 total
dependents for every 100 productive populations.
For year 2000, total dependency ratio slid down to 38.24%. This implies that there
are 65 total dependents for every 100 productive populations.
Old age dependency ratio on the other hand is .04% implying that for every 100
able bodies, four senior citizens depend on them. Young age dependency is 46.75%
meaning that 46 children depend upon every 100 productive age population.

Table No. 7 : Population Projection per Barangay (2014-2022)

BARANGAY 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
URBAN
Alicaocao 1,575 1,611 1,648 1,686 1,725 1,765 1,805 1,847 1,889

Alinam 1,257 1,286 1,316 1,346 1,377 1,409 1,441 1,474 1,508
Cabaruan 5,899 6,035 6,173 6,315 6,461 6,609 6,761 6,917 7,076

District I (Pob.) 12,528 12,816 13,111 13,413 13,721 14,037 14,360 14,690 15,028

District II (Pob.) 2,872 2,938 3,005 3,074 3,145 3,217 3,291 3,367 3,445
District III (Pob.) 5,576 5,704 5,835 5,969 6,107 6,247 6,391 6,538 6,688

Marabulig II 1,596 1,632 1,670 1,708 1,748 1,788 1,829 1,871 1,914

Minante I 6,316 6,461 6,610 6,762 6,918 7,077 7,239 7,406 7,576
Minante II 2,634 2,695 2,757 2,820 2,885 2,951 3,019 3,088 3,160

Nungnungan II 1,291 1,321 1,351 1,382 1,414 1,447 1,480 1,514 1,549

San Fermin 11,029 11,283 11,542 11,808 12,079 12,357 12,641 12,932 13,229
Sillawit 3,164 3,237 3,311 3,387 3,465 3,545 3,627 3,710 3,795

Tagaran 4,397 4,498 4,602 4,708 4,816 4,927 5,040 5,156 5,275

Turayong 3,331 3,407 3,486 3,566 3,648 3,732 3,817 3,905 3,995
Sub-Total 63,465 64,925 66,418 67,945 69,508 71,107 72,742 74,415 76,127
RURAL
Amobocan 1,239 1,267 1,296 1,326 1,357 1,388 1,420 1,452 1,486

Andarayan 445 455 465 476 487 498 510 521 533

Baculod 1,745 1,785 1,826 1,868 1,911 1,955 2,000 2,046 2,093

Baringin Norte 260 266 272 278 284 291 298 304 311

Baringin Sur 1,185 1,212 1,240 1,269 1,298 1,328 1,358 1,390 1,421

Buena Suerte 1,210 1,238 1,267 1,296 1,325 1,356 1,387 1,419 1,452

Bugallon 539 551 564 577 590 604 618 632 646

Buyon 1,268 1,297 1,327 1,358 1,389 1,421 1,454 1,487 1,521

Cabugao 739 756 774 791 810 828 847 867 887
Carabatan
597 611 625 639 654 669 684 700 716
Chica
Carabatan
331 338 346 354 362 371 379 388 397
Grande
Carabatan
458 468 479 490 501 513 525 537 549
Punta
Carabatan 241 246 252 258 264 270 276 283 289

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Bacareno

Casalatan 618 632 646 661 677 692 708 724 741

Cassap Fuera 151 155 158 162 166 169 173 177 181

Catalina 114 117 119 122 125 128 131 134 137

Culalabat 933 955 977 999 1,022 1,045 1,070 1,094 1,119

Dabburab 1,206 1,234 1,262 1,291 1,321 1,351 1,382 1,414 1,446

De Vera 911 932 954 976 998 1,021 1,044 1,068 1,093

Dianao 720 736 753 770 788 806 825 844 863

Disimuray 978 1,001 1,024 1,047 1,071 1,096 1,121 1,147 1,173

Duminit 1,429 1,462 1,496 1,530 1,565 1,601 1,638 1,676 1,714

1,465 1,498 1,533 1,568

Faustino 1,337 1,368 1,399 1,432 1,604
Gagabutan 451 462 472 483 494 506 517 529 541

Gappal 2,759 2,822 2,887 2,954 3,022 3,091 3,162 3,235 3,309

Guayabal 1,449 1,482 1,516 1,551 1,587 1,623 1,661 1,699 1,738

Labinab 2,004 2,050 2,098 2,146 2,195 2,246 2,297 2,350 2,404

Linglingay 754 771 789 807 825 844 864 884 904

Mabantad 1,243 1,272 1,301 1,331 1,361 1,393 1,425 1,458 1,491

Maligaya 2,384 2,439 2,495 2,553 2,611 2,671 2,733 2,796 2,860

Manaoag 2,315 2,369 2,423 2,479 2,536 2,594 2,654 2,715 2,777

Marabulig I 3,404 3,482 3,562 3,644 3,728 3,814 3,902 3,991 4,083

Nagcampegan 378 387 395 405 414 423 433 443 453

Naganacan 1,445 1,478 1,512 1,547 1,582 1,619 1,656 1,694 1,733

Nagrumbuan 3,931 4,021 4,114 4,208 4,305 4,404 4,505 4,609 4,715

Nungnungan I 1,962 2,007 2,053 2,100 2,148 2,198 2,248 2,300 2,353

Pinoma 3,757 3,843 3,931 4,022 4,114 4,209 4,306 4,405 4,506

Rizal 634 649 664 679 695 710 727 744 761

Rogus 1,725 1,765 1,805 1,847 1,889 1,933 1,977 2,023 2,069

San Antonio 2,807 2,872 2,938 3,005 3,074 3,145 3,217 3,291 3,367

San Francisco 2,483 2,540 2,598 2,658 2,719 2,782 2,846 2,911 2,978

San Isidro 1,189 1,217 1,245 1,273 1,303 1,333 1,363 1,395 1,427

San Luis 2,411 2,466 2,523 2,581 2,640 2,701 2,763 2,827 2,892

San Pablo 1,807 1,849 1,891 1,935 1,979 2,025 2,071 2,119 2,168

Santa Luciana 1,901 1,945 1,990 2,036 2,082 2,130 2,179 2,229 2,281

Santa Maria 1,096 1,122 1,147 1,174 1,201 1,228 1,257 1,285 1,315

Sinippil 301 308 315 322 330 337 345 353 361

Union 1,382 1,414 1,446 1,480 1,514 1,549 1,584 1,621 1,658
Villa
3,553 3,635 3,718 3,804 3,891 3,981 4,072 4,166 4,262
Concepcion
Villa Luna 1,884 1,927 1,971 2,017 2,063 2,111 2,159 2,209 2,260

Villaflor 458 468 479 490 501 513 525 537 549
Sub-Total 70519 72141 73800 75498 77234 79011 80828 82687 84589
Total 133984 137066 140218 143443 146742 150118 153570 157102 160716
Source: CPDC Projections

2.5.3 Comparative Age and Age Economic Dependency Ratio

The total dependency ratio in 2011 was 35.76%. Assuming the decreasing trend
of 1% per year it is hoped that by year 2016, age economic dependency ratio will be
30.76% or 51 dependents for every 100 productive individuals. Decreasing dependency
is indicative of a better and higher labor force for the locality.

2.6 Marital Status

The total population 10 years old and over was 97,456. Of this figure, 50,839 or
52.17% are legally married; 4,332 (4.44%) widowed; 990 (0.010%) either separated or
divorced; 4,352 (4.46%) common-law/live-in; and 36,943 (37.91%) are single.

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For this millennium year, marriageable age is between 18 and 39 years old.
Female marry earlier than male. More female are widowed/separated/divorced.
Virtually, all people eventually marry.

For year 2005, the same observations were noted, There were more married
females, marriageable age is between 25-39 years, females tie the knot much earlier
and that eventually all people find a mate one way or another.

2.7 Population by Barangay

In 2015, of the total 65 component barangays of the city, Barangay District 1

shared the biggest number in terms of population with 12,816 or 8.38%, followed by San
Fermin with 11,283 (8.23%) and Cabaruan with 6,035 (5.52%) all situated in the urban
core.

In year 2005 and 2010, District I topped the barangay population scoreboard as
the most thickly populated barangay in the city. Following closely in population count
are barangays San Fermin and District III, all urban barangays.

2.8 Population Density by Barangay

For year 2010, Barangay District II was the most densely populated barangay in
the city with 81.56 persons per hectare followed by District III with 71.75 persons per
hectare while Barangay District I came in third with 68.90 all located within the urban
core. For the recent survey for 2015, the most densely populated barangay in the urban
core is Barangay District III with 77.02 persons per hectare followed by District I with 64.22
persons per hectare and Barangay District II came third with 56.52 persons per hectare.

Outside the urban core, for year 2010 and 2015 Barangay Guayabal was the
most densely populated barangay with 49.65 persons per hectare followed by
Alicaocao with 42.96.

The least barangay in terms of population density was Villa Flor with 0.29 followed
by Sinippil with 0.57 and Rogus with 0.76 person per hectare, all of the forest region.

2.9 Migration Patterns

The 2010 census reveals that of the total 27,954 household population 5 years old
and over by place of residence 5 years ago, with the fast urbanization of the city 27,855
or 99.64% of the total household population stayed in this city, there were 99 who
migrated in Cauayan. Of this figure, 10 came from other municipalities within the
province, 30 came from other provinces, 35 came from other countries and 24 were
unknown. It is expected that in-migration will increase within the plan period.

2.10 Educational Attainment

In year 2011 household population 5 years old and over, there were 69,567
household population 5 years old and over wherein 69,015 or 99.02% have undergone
formal schooling showing a glaring increase from the 2000 figure of 86.63%.

Likewise, a total of 552 or .08% have not completed any grade. There were
30,750 who entered elementary during the same period but only 15,734 were able to
pursue secondary education. A total of 12,190 were able to enter college level wherein
10,236 or 14.71% eventually completed their college courses.

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Knowing the advantage of carrying a post baccalaureate degree especially in

the government service, a total of 60 of the population 5 years old and over completed
a post graduate degree.

At the barangay level, District I has the biggest number of population five years
old and over who have finished college while District I and San Fermin have the highest
number of graduates of a post baccalaureate degree.

On the other hand, there were no barangay have not produce any college graduate
in their respective place, it is a significant remarks that despite of poverty, education is
their main concern.

2.11 Literacy Rate

Out of the 69,567 household population 5 years old and over in 2011, there were
69,015 who were able to enter school showing a literacy rate of 99.20%, a significant
increase of 12.57% from the 2000 literacy rate.

It must be noted however that out of the 99.02% who have entered school in year
2011, 552 or .08% who were not able to complete any grade at all.

2.12 Religious Affiliation

The Roman Catholic Church dominates all other religious denominations with
94,730 or 75.69% of the total household population of 125,148 in 2011 followed by the
Iglesia ni Cristo with 6,364 (.051%) and the Born Again came in third with 4,057 or a .03%
share.
Table No. 8 : RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS (2015)

RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION BOTH SEXES Percent Share

Roman Catholic 103745 0.7569
Iglesia Ni Cristo 6963 0.0508
Born Again Christians 4441 0.0324
Protestants 1946 0.0142
Others 6182 0.0447
Not Stated 13789 0.1006
Total 137066 1.000

2.13 Citizenship

Primary survey conducted by the CPDC staff shows that 27,239 or 99.85% of the
total household population of the city are Filipino while 232 (0.085%) are Chinese
and 25 (0.009%) are Indian nationals.

2.14 Ethnicity

The 2010 survey reveals that majority of the city population are Ilocanos with a
total of 91,642 comprising 74.91% of the total household population. The next major
mother tongue is Tagalog with 17,298 (14.14%). Other ethnic dialects are the Gaddang
dialect
with 8,620 (.0704%); Ibanag speaking people with 1,040 (0.008%) and 463 Itawes
population (.0037%).

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Table No. 8 : DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY ETHNICITY (2015)

ETHNICITY BOTH SEXES

NUMBER % Share
Cauayan 137,066 1.000
Ilocano 105,413 0.7691
Tagalog 19,382 0.1414
Gaddang 9,650 0.0704
Ybanag 1,166 0.0085
Itawis 508 0.0037
Kankanai 905 0.0066
Others 42 0.0003
Source: IP, NSO Census 2010

2.15 Labor Force and Employment

Labor force refers to the population 15 years old and over that is either gainfully
employed or unemployed. It does not exclude those persons who are not currently
seeking work such as students, housewives, retirees, the physically handicapped, etc.

2.15.1 Total Labor Force

In year 2010, the total labor force in the city was 78,840 or 64.45% of the total
population of 122,335, based on the 20% household population sample of the National
Statistic Office.

Table No. 9 : SUMMARY of EMPLOYMENT PROFILE (As of December 31, 2010)

REGULAR / CONTRACTUAL /
OFFICES PERMANENT CASUAL JOB ORDER TOTAL
Cauayan City Hall 430 450 5 885
Government Offices (44) - - - 3,600
Private Enterprises - - - 19,195
Agriculture 18,974
Self Employed - - - 3,175
GRAND TOTAL 430 491 5 45,829

2.15.1 Employed and Unemployed Labor Force

Of the total labor force of 78,840 in 2010, only 73,085 were gainfully employed
constituting about 92.70% while 7.30% of the total labor force was unemployed.

2.15.2 Employment by Major Industry

Based from the primary survey conducted in 2010 by the NSO, majority of
employed persons are engaged in agricultural activities with 18,974 persons of the total
employment. Trade and commerce sector came in second with 12,508 and service
sector with 3,395. Construction workers consist of 2,719 and 1,599 are employed in
manufacturing.

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COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

Cauayan City is undauntedly on an upswing unprecedented in its history. Its

central location at the heart of Region 02 gives the city a strategic position accessible
to practically all the northern and southern parts of Region 02.

The number of registered business establishments in the city continues to grow as

more and more urban infrastructures are being positioned purposely to create an
investment-friendly environment by way of providing the basic infrastructure support
and improving the delivery of basic services in order for business to flourish.

Given the positive indicators that were achieved thru all the years of painstaking
hard work and expectations harmonized by strong political will and determination,
Cauayan City is beginning to mature for heightened economic activities. The only way
up is to further strengthen our edge as one of the region’s most promising investment
havens.

Because of its strategic site, the city's captured market includes the fast-growing
population of the region. Cauayan City is a significant market by itself. The rapidly
increasing business establishments and the influx of migrants attest to this. This means
that the disposable income and the spending power of Cauayeños is getting stronger
as more banks, more service companies, resorts and restaurants are locating in the city.

General Information

Income Classification 3rd Class Component City

Dialects Ilocano, Tagalog, Gaddang
Total Population 140,218 (2016)
No. of Households 30,556
Growth rate 1.45%
Climate Relatively wet from May to November, dry for the rest of
the year
Products Palay, Corn (yellow and white), Roots and Tubers
(cassava, camote),Vegetables and fruits
Agriculture
Means of Livelihood Trade and Commerce
Services
IRA Share (2016) PhP 542,027,140.00

Locally Source Revenue PhP 157,463,060.00

Total LGU Income
PhP 699,490,200.00
(2016)
Historical Site Historical structures still visible to this day are the big
adobe stone church located at the Poblacion and the
Tabacalera warehouse and La Insular bodegas found at
barangay Turayong that date their construction during
the Spanish rule.
 4 largest in population size among the municipalities of Region 2
th

 From its humble beginnings as a small town, it was converted into a component
city by virtue of RA 9017, ratified by a majority vote on March 30, 2001
 Identified under the RPFP 2001-2030 as one of the region’s key urban centers,
providing a diverse range of facilities to cater to the administrative, social,
commercial and institutional requirements of the region’s population.
Agricultural Lands 59.33% or 19,959,7065 hectares
Built-up areas 4,013.2820 hectares
Population Density 390 person per sq. km.
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Literacy Rate 98.74

Police Force 75
Fire Protection Force Size 13
Number of crimes per 1000 population 0.6
Number of NGOs 30
Number of power connection 33,225
Number of potable water connections 9,844
Number of Internet Service Providers 3
Registered Business Establishments 3,418
Number of Banks 34
Number of hospitals 8
Number of Medical Clinics 37
Number of Dental Clinics 15
Number of Dermatology Clinics 4
Number of EENT Clinics 4
Number of Orthopaedic Clinics 2
Number of Optical Clinics 8
Number of Tertiary Schools 6
Number of Secondary Schools 20
Number of Elementary Schools 12 private and 64 public
Number of Preparatory Schools 12
Number of Special Schools 2
Number of Recreational Park/s 1
Number of Recreational/Amusement Centers 3
Number of Cell sites 20
Number of Hotels 25
Number of Resorts 10

SANITATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

The Clean and Green program of the government is one top priority of the LGU.
A pool of trained sanitary technicians maintains solid waste disposal. The LGU has eight
garbage compactor trucks and recently, implemented the waste segregation scheme
starting in the urban barangays. As a result, prestigious regional and provincial awards
were conferred yearly. On May 10, 2002, Cauayan again won the Most Outstanding
LGU on Ecological Solid Waste Management. This is a manifestation of the LCEs earnest
desire to make Cauayan a safe haven for everybody.

FESTIVALS

The City Fiesta and the Feast of Our lady of the Pillar are celebrated annually on
April 10-13 and October 10-12 respectively. Since its conversion into a component city
on March 30, 2001, the city government started to celebrate its founding anniversary
with the conduct of “Gawagaway-yan Festival’ aimed to preserve the rich cultural
heritage of the city. It is highlighted by street dancing, beauty contest, trade fair,
cultural parade, parlor games, free concert, street drinking, band exhibition and other
variety shows performed by local and Manila-based talents as well.

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INFRASTRUCTURE AND SUPPORT FACILITIES

WATER SUPPLY
The poblacion area is served by Cauayan City Water District, a Level III utility
provider providing safe Centralized Water System. Housing subdivisions have their own
water supply system ranging from Level I to Level III. All barangays are likewise served
by Level I with 84% of the total households have access to safe drinking water. The new
pumping station located at Barangay Culalabat can supply potable water for 2,500
household at West Tabacal Region.

POWER SUPPLY

The main power supply is distributed by the Isabela Electric Cooperative-1

(ISELCO-1) through the NGPC National Grid Power Corporation. All the 65 component
barangays of the city are now energized giving us a record of 100% energized. The 20
MVA Sub Station is located at Barangay San Fermin Cauayan City and Drive-Thru
Collection was launched last July 13, 2016 for the unrelenting improved services for the
community.

SANITATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

The Clean and Green program of the government is one top priority of the LGU.
A pool of trained sanitary technicians maintains solid waste disposal. The LGU has eight
garbage compactor truck and recently, implemented the waste segregation scheme
starting in the urban barangays. As a result, prestigious regional and provincial awards
were conferred yearly. On May 10, 2002, Cauayan again won the Most Outstanding
LGU on Ecological Solid Waste management. This is a manifestation of the LCEs earnest
desire to make Cauayan a safe haven for everybody.

COMMUNICATION

Mobile phones system is provided by the Globe Telecom, Smart Communications

and Sun Cellular enabling all barangays in the area with clear signal.
Communications facilities include PLDT, Globe and Smart Communications.
Philpost, LBC, JRS Express, FedEx, DCI Express, and EXL Express move mails. Broadcast
media is provided by 2 FM and 2 AM stations, a cable TV facility while a number of
Internet Cafés have established their operations in the city. The LGU likewise is utilizing
handheld radio transceivers covering all barangays in city and the province as well
with bases at the city hall, city police and fire protection offices

TRANSPORTATION

Being located strategically in the heart of Region 02, Cauayan is traversed by

buses plying Manila- Aparri and Baguio-Aparri routes daily. Inter and intra-city is
serviced by buses, vans and jeepneys while tricycles ply outlying barangays.
The Cauayan Domestic Airport just recently underwent upgrading as it is
envisioned to become an International Cargo Port by the RDC and BOT. Manila-
Cauayan is serviced by Cebu Pacific three times a week (MWF) while Sky Pasada flies
daily servicing Cauayan-Palanan and Cauayan-Maconacon routes.
A 50M-Central Transport Terminal likewise has just started operation and is easing
traffic in the poblacion area.

Roads include a total aggregate length of 487.833 kms. Of these total

aggregate length, 51.59% or 251.69122 kms. are concrete-paved while the remaining
48.41% or 236.14273 kms. are gravel roads accessible to all types of vehicles. An all-year
round road accessibility is ensured via regular road maintenance by the Office of the
City Engineer.
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Cost of Doing Business

Wage Rate
Daily Minimum Wage Rate
(In Philippine Peso)
Industry Sector
Basic
COLA Total
Wage
Non-Agriculture 300 300
Agriculture 280 280
Retail Service
Employing more than 10 300 300
Employing less than 10 260 260

Power Water
Average Rate Rate per
Type Type
per KWH cubic meter
Residential 10.88 Residential 15.60
Commercial 9.72 Commercial “A” 35.70
Industrial 9.72 Commercial “B” 30.60
Commercial “C” 25.50
Industrial 100.00

Communication Rates

Telephone (PLDT)
Installation Monthly Domestic Internatio
Cost Subscription Long nal
Cost Distance Long
Category
Calls Distance
Calls (per
min)
Residential 1,100 990
Commercial/Business 4,500

Internet
Category Rate per month
Cable Internet
Residential Package 998
Business Package 1,300/month
Internet Cafes P 20 per hour

Real Estate Cost

Classification Fair Market Value (PhP) per hectare
Residential 110 to 630
Commercial/Industrial 450 to 1,810
Agricultural (rice)
Irrigated 200,000 to 303,000
Non-irrigated 110,000 to 185,00

Rental Rates
Cost per month (estimated
Classification
average)
Residential 5,000
Commercial 10,000 to 15,000
Building Space 15,000 to 20,000

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City Elective Officials: 2016
Hon. Bernard Faustino M. Dy
Hon. Leoncio “Bong” Dalin, Jr.
Hon. Edgar M. De Luna
Hon. Alejandro Q. Uy, III
Hon. Marco Paolo A. Meris
Hon. Danilo B. Asirit
Hon. Reynaldo Q. Uy
Hon. Salcedo T. Foronda
Hon. Garry G. Galutera
Hon. Francisco N. Mallillin
Hon. Edgardo A. Atienza, Jr.
Hon. Bagnos A. Maximo
Hon. Victor H. Dy, Jr.
Hon. Ceasar S. Dy, Jr.
Hon. Faustino M. Gapasin, Jr.
City Appointive Officials: 2016
Mr. Jose L. Abad
Mr. Carlito B. Andres
Engr. Edward B. Lorenzo
Mrs. Divina B. Ramirez
Mr. Virgilio L. Trinidad, Jr.
Atty. Crisanto M. Mora
Mr. Rolando Foronda
Mr. Leopoldo C. Ordoñez
Mrs. Libnos B. Utleg
Engr. Alejo S. Lamsen
Mrs. Nerissa C. Serrano
Mrs. Lolita Menor
Dr. Bernadynn S. Reyes
Mr. Nestor A. Balmaceda
Dr. Ronald Dalauidao
Mr. Rufino C. Arcega
Atty. Racma F. Garcia
Atty. Paul Vincent A. Mauricio
Arch. Steve Virgil S. Sarabia
Mrs. Sylvia P. Domingo
Atty. Reina M. Santos
-City Mayor
-City Vice Mayor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-City Councilor
-LMB President
-Sectoral Representative
-IP Representative
- City Administrator
- City Treasurer
- City Engineer
- City Accountant
- City Budget Officer
- Acting City GSO
- City Secretary to
Sangguniang
- City Assessor
- City HRMO
- CENRO
- City Local Registrar
- City SWD Officer
- City Health Officer
- City Eco. Enterprise Management
Development Officer
- City Veterinarian
- City Agriculture Officer
- City Urban Poor Officer
- City Legal Officer
- City Architect
- City Cooperative Officer
- City Information Officer
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