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Extreme

Weather
What are some characteristics of What causes tornadoes?
tornadoes?

Tornadoe
s

Where do they most likely occur? When do they most likely occur?

Based on your newly learned knowledge of tornadoes, come up with 4 ways to stay safe
during this severe weather condition.

1.
2.
3.
4.
TORNADOES IN ACTION!
Materials:
 Two bottles connected together.  Stop Watch
Procedure:
1. Inverted Bottle: Place the connected bottles so the filled bottle is on top and upside
down, then set this on the table. Timer, start the stop watch immediately.
2. Find the time it takes for the water to reach the bottle at the bottom.
3. Observe how the water moves. (Does it drip down slowly? All drop down at once?
Something else?)
4. Record the time in the data table and make your observations below.

Time: Observations:
Describe how the water moved:
Draw what you see:
Tornado Inverted
Bottle

Describe how the vortex looked in general and in the center: Draw what you see:
Vortex

5. Tornado Vortex: With the filled bottle once again on top,


rapidly rotate the bottles in a circle a few times. Observe the
formation of a funnel-shaped vortex as the bottle drains.
*Timer, start the stop watch immediately once the engineer
places the water bottle on the table.
6. Record the time and make observations in the box above.

Analyze it!
This “tornado in a bottle” is actually a water vortex. A vortex is defined as “a spiral motion of fluid within a limited area,
especially a whirling mass of water or air that sucks everything near it toward its center.” Sounds like the definition of a tornado!
As the mass of water swirls in a circular motion, gravity pulls it down and a powerful vacuum is formed. This is the same effect
you see with a tornado funnel—just replace the water with air.

1. Compare how the speed of the water vortex to the inverted (non-vortex) experiment. What does this
tell you about a tornado?
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What are some characteristics of What causes thunderstorms &
thunderstorms & lightning? lightning?

Thunderstorms
& Lightning

Where do they most likely occur? When do they most likely occur?

Based on your newly learned knowledge of thunderstorms and lightning, come up with
4 ways to stay safe during this severe weather condition.

1. Stay indoors.
2.
3.
4.
Thunderstorms & Lightning IN
ACTION!
Directions:
1. Go to www.brainpop.com 1.
2. Log in and search for “Thunderstorms”
3. Watch the video to fill in the following diagrams. Re-watch and pause if necessary!

Task 1:
Hint:

Replay to
1:05 – 1:30

Task 2:
1. According to the video, we can
calculate the distance of a lightning
strike.
Formula:
Seconds = 3 x (Distance)
Distance= seconds ÷ 3

2. Fill out the chart using this formula

1. Provide a short explanation


Task 3: why this is the best place to
Terrain Map seek shelter. Use your
2. You’re stuck in a knowledge about
raging thunderstorm! thunderstorms & lightning to
Mark the best places explain.
to take shelter with
an “X,” and share
your answers with
your group members.
Did you choose the
same place?
Hint:

Replay to 2:20
What are some characteristics of What causes hurricanes?
hurricanes?

HURRICAN
ES

Where do they most likely occur? When do they most likely occur?

Based on your newly learned knowledge of hurricanes, come up with 4 ways to stay
safe during this severe weather condition.

1. Secure all lawn furniture to prevent strong winds from causing things to go flying!
2.
3.
4.
Hurricanes IN ACTION!
Strongest and Weakest Parts of a Hurricane—Lets try it!
Materials:
 1 large bowl  Large wooden stick
 Water  Paper clip
 Food Coloring  Food coloring

Procedure:
1. Fill the large bowl 2/3 full of water (to the fill line marked)
2. Take your piece of string and tie one end to the paper clip.
3. Using the wooden spoon, stir the water until it is moving in a circular motion. Add ONE drop of food
coloring. Look how it is moving, these mimic the clouds of a hurricane.
4. While the water is in motion, drop the paper clip into the water (while one person is holding the string
above the bowl) in different locations (center, near the rim, and between the rim and center).
5. Write down your observations and determine where the paper clip traveled the fastest. This location will
be where the strongest part of the storm is located.

Location: Observations:
How did the paper clip move?--- slowly, fast, etc.?
Center

Near the
rim of
the bowl

Between
the rim
and the
center

Analyze it!
1. Based on the knowledge of your experiment, where is the weakest part
of the storm?
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2. Based on the picture on the left, where are the strongest winds of a
hurricane? (To the left, right, or opposite of the storm’s movement?) Use
evidence to support your answer.
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What are some characteristics of What causes droughts?
droughts?

Droughts

Where do they most likely occur? How do they affect our lives?

Based on your knowledge of droughts, what are 4 things you should do during a
drought?

1.
2.
3.
4.
Droughts IN ACTION!
How much water do we use? —Lets calculate it!

Calculate your family’s weekly water usage by completing the following table

ACTIVITY WATER USED TIMES/DAY # OF FAMILY DAILY


(GALLONS) MEMBERS TOTALS

Example 3 5 30
gallons of water

WASHING
0.25 ___________ ___________ ____________
HANDS

FLUSHING
3 ____________ ____________ ____________
TOLIETS

DRINKING
____________ N/A ____________ ____________
(DAILY)

BRUSHING
1 ____________ ____________ ____________
TEETH

SHOWERING 30 ____________ ____________ ____________

Weekly Totals___________

Based on the chart above, brainstorm ways to conserve water.

Taking shorter showers

Conserve
water by..
What are some characteristics of What causes blizzards?
blizzards?

Blizzard
s
Circle the season at which blizzards are
most likely to occur.

Where do they most likely occur? When do they most likely occur?

Based on your knowledge of blizzards, come up with 4 ways to stay safe during this
severe weather condition.
1. Since there is a lot of snow flying around, people should _______________________________
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2.
3.
4.
Blizzards IN ACTION!
Dangers of a Blizzard—Let’s analyze it!
Materials:
 Large Water Bottle  Insta-snow  Water  1 Tsp measuring
 Stop Watch  Graduated Cylinder  Beaker or Cup spoon

Procedure:
Part I:
1. Partner one will hold the reading cards on one side of the large water
bottle labeled “Blizzard.”
2. Another person will look through the bottle on the opposite side and
read the sentences that apply to that specific card.
3. Record what you see in the data table below.
Part II:
4. Scoop 1 tsp of the insta-snow powder into the cup. s
5. Mix in 60 ml of water in the cup with the snow powder.
6. Watch the snow appear!
7. Put the snow in the large water bottle labeled “Blizzard.”
8. Shake the “Blizzard” bottle vigorously.
9. Again, one partner will hold hold the reading cards on one side of the large water bottle labeled
“Blizzard.”
10. Another person will look through the bottle on the opposite side and read the sentences that apply
to that specific card.
Write down the sentence or words that you see through the bottle.

Card Part I: Part II:


(Prior snow) (Blizzard)
A

B
C

Analyze it!
1. Based on your results and your newly found knowledge about blizzards, what might the
dangers of a blizzard be for someone driving home?

Since a blizzard causes ___________ to blow around because of its ______________


Snow/rain/jail weak/strong
winds, the __________________ is lower. This is a potential dangers because drivers
temperature/ visibility
need to be able to see where they are driving to stay safe and keep others safe.
Finished with your station early? Begin filling out this cause and
effect chart:
Cause and Effect
Directions: Describe how each type of severe storm is formed (CAUSE). Describe the kind of damage that each type of
storm might leave behind (EFFECT).

Severe Storm Cause Effect

Hurricanes

Tornadoes

Blizzards

Thunderstorms

THINK ABOUT IT
Severe storms more frequent and more powerful in recent times. Why do you think these storms are more
intense?
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