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TEXAS SCHOOL SURVEY OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE

NOCONA ISD

SECONDARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

OVERVIEW

In the Spring of 1994, the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, in conjunction with
the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas AM University, administered a survey to students
in grades 7 through 12 in the Nocona Independent School District (NISD). A total of 221
students completed the questionnaire, which asked about students' experiences with alcohol and
drugs. Of that number, 8 surveys were excluded from analysis because students did not indicate
their grade or age, or because they were identified as exaggerators (i.e., claimed to have used a
non-existent drug or reported overly excessive drug use). The final number of surveys included
in the overall district analysis was 213.1

Students' responses to the questionnaire indicate that:

•Sixty-two percent of Nocona ISD students reported using tobacco at least once during their
lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 26 percent said they had used tobacco during the past month
(Fig. 2).

•Eight percent of NISD students said they smoke cigarettes on a daily basis, while 4 percent
reported using a smokeless tobacco product on a daily basis.

•Eighty percent of Nocona ISD students said they had used alcohol at least once during their
lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 47 percent reported using alcohol during the past month (Fig.
2).

•Sixteen percent of NISD students reported attending at least one class during the past year
while "drunk," and 26 percent of district 9th through 12th grade students said they
had driven a car at least once during the past year after having "a good bit to drink."

•Lifetime use of inhalants was reported by 24 percent of district students (Fig. 1), while
past-month inhalant use was reported by 7 percent (Fig. 2).

•Twenty-two percent of NISD students reported using marijuana at least once during their
lifetimes (Fig. 1), and 12 percent said they had used marijuana during the past
month (Fig. 2).

1
The percentages referred to in the executive summary were taken from the tables found in "Part I: District
Survey Results." Due to the differences in rounding procedures, there may be slight discrepancies between the
percentages referred to in the tables and those reflected in the executive summary and in the corresponding
figures. Figures referenced throughout this report are included in "Part III: Executive Summary."

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•Nocona ISD students are most likely to turn to friends for help with a drug or alcohol
problem (79 percent) and least likely to consult a counselor or program in school
(29 percent) (Fig. 17).

Tobacco

Over the last two years, the general use of tobacco (including cigarettes and smokeless
products) among students statewide has stayed much the same. Overall, the general use of
tobacco products among Nocona ISD students is somewhat higher than that reported by their
counterparts statewide.

Sixty-two percent of Nocona students reported general tobacco use at least once during their
lifetimes, compared to 55 percent of students statewide (Fig. 1). 2 Twenty-six percent of
Nocona ISD students said they had used a tobacco product during the past month (24 percent
statewide) (Fig. 2).

Fifty-seven percent of Nocona students reported smoking cigarettes at least once during their
lifetimes (52 percent statewide), and 20 percent said they had smoked cigarettes during the past
month (22 percent statewide). Smoking cigarettes on a daily basis was reported by 8 percent of
district students (7 percent statewide), while 23 percent said most or all of their close friends
smoke cigarettes (19 percent statewide).

Lifetime use of smokeless tobacco products was reported by 29* percent of NISD students (17
percent statewide), while 11* percent said they had used a smokeless tobacco product during
the past month (6 percent statewide), rates higher than those reported by students statewide. 3
Using a smokeless tobacco product on a daily basis was reported by 4 percent of district
students (2 percent statewide), and 7 percent said most or all of their close friends use smokeless
tobacco (5 percent).

Alcohol

Alcohol is the most widely used substance among students statewide and in the Nocona ISD.
Alcohol use among secondary students statewide was similar to that reported two years ago.
Overall, Nocona ISD students are drinking alcohol at rates somewhat higher than those reported
by their peers statewide.
2
Due to the small number of students surveyed in this district, no between-grade comparisons can be made.

3
Data in this report marked with an asterisk are estimated to be statistically significant at the .01 level from
the comparable data for the state as a whole. This means that in only one of a hundred samples would a
difference this large have occurred when there was no difference between the district and state data. Differences
in very small districts will seldom be statistically significant due to the small number of cases. Differences that
are not marked may be important, but should be treated with more caution than those that are statistically
significant.

2
Eighty percent of Nocona students reported consuming alcohol at least once during their
lifetimes, compared to 74 percent of students statewide (Fig. 1). Forty-seven percent of Nocona
ISD students said they had consumed alcohol during the past month, a rate somewhat higher
than that reported by students statewide (39 percent) (Fig. 2).

The alcoholic beverages most often consumed by Nocona students are beer (68 percent/59
percent statewide) and wine coolers (65 percent/61 percent statewide). Forty-seven* percent of
NISD students said they drink beer on a weekly or monthly basis, a rate higher than that
reported by students statewide (37 percent). Forty percent of district students said they drink
wine coolers weekly or monthly (34 percent statewide).

"Binge drinking" is the consumption of five or more beers, wine coolers, servings of wine, or
drinks with liquor at one time. Past-year "binge drinking" of wine coolers was reported by 55*
percent of NISD students (41 percent statewide), while 30* percent said they usually drink five
or more wine coolers at a time on average when they drink (19 percent statewide), rates higher
than those reported by their counterparts statewide. Fifty-three percent of Nocona ISD students
reported "binge drinking" beer at least once during the past year (39 percent statewide), while
38* percent said they usually drink five or more beers at a time on average when they drink (20
percent statewide), rates also higher than those reported by students statewide.

Sixteen percent of Nocona students reported attending at least one class during the past school
year while "drunk" (10 percent statewide) (Fig. 9). Twenty-six* percent of NISD 9th through
12th grade students said that they had driven a car after having "a good bit to drink" at least
once during the past year, a rate higher than that reported by 9th through 12th grade students
statewide (15 percent). Driving while intoxicated four or more times during the past year was
reported by 8 percent of district 9th through 12th graders (4 percent statewide) (Fig. 11).

Students were asked about the availability of alcohol, its use among friends, and its use at
parties. Eighty-five* percent of Nocona ISD students said beer, wine, wine coolers, or liquor
were somewhat easy or very easy to obtain, compared to 77 percent of students statewide.
Fifty-five* percent of district students reported most or all of their close friends drink alcohol
(40 percent statewide), and 48 percent responded "from friends" when asked where they
obtained alcohol most of the time or always (40 percent statewide), rates higher than those
reported by students statewide. "Difficulties of any kind" with friends because of one's own
drinking was reported by 16* percent of NISD students, a rate somewhat higher than that
reported by their peers statewide (10 percent).

Fifty-three* percent of Nocona students said alcohol was used at most or all of the parties they
attended in the past school year, compared to 39 percent of students statewide (Fig. 12). Fifty
percent of district students responded "at parties" when asked where they obtained alcohol most
of the time or always (44 percent statewide), while 18 percent of NISD students said they get
alcohol "from the store" most of the time or always (21 percent statewide).

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Students were asked how many days during the school year they were absent from class due to
an illness or for some other reason, and how many days they had gotten into trouble because of
conduct or attitude problems. Fewer NISD students who had not been absent since the Fall
reported having used alcohol during the past month (26 percent/26 percent statewide) than did
district students who said they had missed four or more days of school (53 percent/47 percent
statewide). Seventy-five* percent of the district students who had experienced difficulties with
school officials on four or more days reported using alcohol during the past 30 days, a rate
higher than that reported by students statewide (65 percent). By contrast, only 34* percent of
district students who had not experienced difficulties with school officials because of conduct
problems had used alcohol within the past 30 days, compared to 26 percent of students
statewide.

Parental attitudes can be a major factor in whether or not a student uses alcohol or drugs. When
asked how their parents feel about kids their age drinking beer, 75 percent of Nocona students
said their parents strongly or mildly disapprove (75 percent statewide). Three* percent of
district students said they "don't know" how their parents feel about kids their age drinking beer
(10 percent statewide), and 18 percent said their parents neither approve nor disapprove (11
percent statewide) (Fig. 15).

Inhalants4

In general, inhalants are common, licit substances (paints, thinners, correction fluid, glue, etc.)
which, when sniffed, huffed, or inhaled, produce an intoxicating effect. Over the last two years,
use of inhalants among students statewide decreased. Overall, Nocona ISD students are using
inhalants at rates somewhat similar to those reported by their counterparts statewide.

Twenty-four percent of Nocona students reported using inhalants at least once during their
lifetimes, a rate somewhat higher than that reported by students statewide (19 percent) (Fig. 1).
Seven percent of Nocona ISD students said they had used inhalants during the past month (5
percent statewide) (Fig. 2).

One percent of NISD students reported most or all of their close friends use inhalants (3 percent
statewide), and 5 percent said they had attended at least one class during the past school year
while "high" on inhalants (3 percent statewide). Eighteen percent of NISD students said they
had used two or more different kinds of inhalant substances during their lifetimes, a rate
somewhat higher than that reported by their peers statewide (12 percent).

The inhalant substance most frequently used by Nocona students was correction fluid/Liquid
Paper (15 percent/10 percent statewide). Twelve* percent of district students reported inhaling
gasoline (6 percent statewide), 11 percent reported inhaling substances in the "other inhalants"

4
Lifetime and current inhalant use figures have been adjusted to reflect reported use of both specific
inhalants and inhalant use generally. Some students responded positive to specific use without responding
positive to generic use. Some students responded positive to generic use but not specific inhalants.

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category (8 percent statewide), and 10 percent said they had inhaled glue (6 percent statewide)
at least once during their lifetimes (Fig. 7).

Two percent of district students who had not gotten into trouble with school officials reported
using inhalants within the past 30 days (2 percent statewide). By contrast, 20 percent of district
students who had gotten into trouble with school officials on four or more days reported using
inhalants during the past 30 days (11 percent statewide).

Illicit Drugs

Illicit drugs are defined as controlled substances and include marijuana, cocaine (powdered
form and crack), uppers (stimulants), downers (narcotics), hallucinogens, and ecstasy. Over the
last two years, the use of illicit drugs among students statewide has increased. The use of
marijuana, the most frequently used illicit substance, has also increased among students
statewide over the last two years.

In the Nocona ISD, 27 percent of students reported use of illicit drugs at least once during their
lifetimes (28 percent statewide), while 22 percent of NISD students said they had used one or
more illicit substances three or more times (19 percent statewide). Statewide, students who said
they had used illicit drugs reported using them an average of 1.4 times in the past 30 days and
4.2 times during their lives. Nocona students reported average usage rates of 1.5 times in the
past month and 4.5 times during their lifetimes.

Twenty-two percent of NISD students reported using marijuana at least once in their lifetimes, a
rate similar to that reported by students statewide (25 percent) (Fig. 1). Past-month marijuana
use was reported by 12 percent of Nocona ISD students (12 percent statewide) (Fig. 2).

Ten percent of NISD students reported attending at least one class in the past year while
"stoned" on marijuana (9 percent statewide) (Fig. 10). Driving under the influence of drugs at
least once during the past year was reported by 9 percent of Nocona ISD 9th through 12th grade
students (8 percent statewide).

Forty-three percent of NISD students said marijuana was somewhat or very easy to obtain (48
percent statewide), and 10 percent reported most or all of their close friends use marijuana (17
percent statewide). Six percent of district students said they had gotten into "difficulties of any
kind" with their friends because of their own drug use (5 percent statewide). Twelve percent of
the Nocona ISD students said that marijuana and/or other drugs were used at most or all of the
parties they attended during the school year (17 percent statewide).

Fewer Nocona ISD students who had not been absent since the Fall reported having used
marijuana during the past month (4 percent/6 percent statewide) than did district students who
said they had missed four or more days of school (13 percent/15 percent statewide). Three
percent of district students who had not gotten into trouble with school officials reported using
marijuana within the past 30 days (4 percent statewide). By contrast, 23 percent of district

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students who had gotten into trouble with school officials on four or more days reported using
marijuana during the past 30 days (31 percent statewide).

When asked about parental attitudes toward marijuana use, Nocona students reported a
disapproval rate of 93* percent (87 percent statewide). Three* percent of district students said
they "don't know" how their parents feel about kids their age using marijuana (8 percent
statewide), while 3 percent said their parents neither approve nor disapprove (4 percent
statewide) (Fig. 15).

Uppers are the next most frequently used illicit substance among Nocona ISD students (12
percent/7 percent statewide). Eight percent of district students reported using downers (5
percent statewide), 7 percent said they had used powdered cocaine (5 percent statewide), and 6
percent said they had used hallucinogens (6 percent statewide) at least once during their
lifetimes (Fig. 1).

CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG USE

Statewide, female students were less likely to have used drugs than were male students. In the
Nocona ISD, male students were somewhat more likely to have used a tobacco product, an
inhalant, powdered cocaine, or steroids and nearly two times more likely to have used
marijuana than were district female students. There were no other significant differences by
gender among NISD students with regard to the use of alcohol products or other illicit
substances.

In the statewide survey, students living in two-parent homes reported lower drug use than did
students living in other family situations. NISD students living in other family situations were
somewhat more likely to have used an inhalant than were those district students living in homes
with two parents, and those students living in other family situations were the only reported
users of steroids in the district. There were no other significant differences by living
arrangement among Nocona ISD students with regard to the use of tobacco or alcohol products,
marijuana, or other illegal drugs.

When asked where they would go for help with a drug or alcohol problem, the largest
percentage of Nocona students said they would seek help from their friends (79 percent/74
percent statewide). Fifty-five percent of NISD students said they would seek help from an adult
friend or relative (57 percent statewide), and 49 percent said they would turn to their parents (54
percent statewide). District students are least likely to seek help from a counselor or program in
school (29 percent/35 percent statewide) (Fig. 17). Since school began in the Fall, 3 percent of
Nocona students reported seeking help for any problems connected with alcohol or drug use
from someone other than family or friends (7 percent statewide).

Seventy-nine percent of Nocona ISD students said they had gotten information about drugs and
alcohol from a school source since classes began in the Fall, the same rate reported by students
statewide. "An assembly program" was reported by 61 percent of district students as a source

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for information about drugs and alcohol (53 percent statewide), while 55 percent said "an
invited school guest" was a source for this information (46 percent statewide), rates somewhat
higher than those reported by students statewide. Forty-one percent of NISD students reported
getting information about drugs and alcohol from a "health class" (46 percent statewide).

The influence of drug education programs may be reflected in students' attitudes toward the use
of specific substances. Ninety-three percent of Nocona students believe that crack use is "very
dangerous" (91 percent statewide), and 93 percent believe that powdered cocaine use is "very
dangerous" (90 percent statewide). Seventy-eight percent of NISD students believe that
inhalant use is "very dangerous" (77 percent statewide), and 75 percent believe that marijuana
use is "very dangerous" (67 percent statewide). By contrast, the perceived danger of alcohol
and tobacco use is lower. Only 51 percent of NISD students feel that it is "very dangerous" to
use alcohol (46 percent statewide), while 37 percent believe that tobacco use is "very
dangerous" (41 percent statewide) (Fig. 13).

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