Main

ServTime - Computation of Service Times

this workbook comes with the book
"Capacity Planning for Web Performance: metrics, models, and methods"
by D. A. Menascé and V. A. F. Almeida
Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ,1998

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From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

Service Times on Magnetic Disks

This workbook comes with the book "Capacity Planning for Web Performance",
by D. A. Menascé and V. A. F. Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Disk Subsystem Input Parameters: Workload Input Parameters:

Avg. Random Seek (msec) 9.0 Arrival Rate (requests/sec) 20.0
Disk Speed (RPM) 7200 Avg. Sequential Run Length 24
Disk Transfer Rate (MB/sec) 20 Percent Random Requests 20%
Disk Controller Time (msec) 0.1
Block Size (bytes) 2048

Derived Values:
Transfer Time (msec) 0.10
Random Requests: Sequential Requests:
Disk Cache Miss Probability: 1 Disk Cache Miss Probability: 4.2%
Avg. Seek (msec) 9.0 Avg. Seek (msec) 0.38
Avg. Latency (msec) 4.17 Avg. Latency (msec) 5.23
Basic Disk Utilization 27%
Avg. Disk Service Time (msec) 13.37 Avg. Disk Service Time (msec) 5.71

Overall Average Disk Service Time (msec) 7.24

Iteration Disk Disk Service % Relative

Number Utilization Time Error
1 0.144766 7.0341184342
2 0.140682 7.0210731222 -0.19%
3 0.140421 7.0202396717 -0.01%
4 0.140405 7.0201864235 0.00%
5 0.140404 7.0201830215 0.00%
6 0.140404 7.0201828042 0.00%

Single Disk Service Times Page 3

From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

Single Disk Service Times Page 4

From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server
DiskArrays
Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

Service Times on RAID-5 Disks

This workbook comes with the book "Capacity Planning for Web Performance",
by D. A. Menascé and V. A. F. Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Component Disk Input Parameters: Workload Input Parameters:

Avg. Random Seek (msec) 9.0 Read Arrival Rate (requests/sec) 20.0
Disk Speed (RPM) 7200 Write Arrival Rate (requests/sec) 5.0
Disk Transfer Rate (MB/sec) 20 Number of Stripe Units on Reads 3
Disk Controller Time (msec) 0.1 Number of Stripe Units on Writes 1
Stripe Unit Size (bytes) 16384

Derived Values:
Arrival Rate of Reads to Component Disks (req/sec) ###
Arrival Rate of Writes to Component Disks (req/sec) 2
Avg. Random Service Time of Component Disks (msec) 13.17
Utilization of Component Disk ###

RAID 5 Page 5
From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server
DiskArrays
Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

RAID 5 Page 6
From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server
Networks
Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

Service Times on Networks

This workbook comes with the book "Capacity Planning for Web Performance",
by D. A. Menascé and V. A. F. Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Characteristics of Some Protocols:

Maximum
Max. PDU Overhead Data Area
Protocol (bytes) (bytes) (bytes)
TCP 65,535 20 65,515
UDP 8
IP v4 65,535 20 65,515
IP v6 65,535 40 65,495
ATM 53 5 48
Ethernet 1,518 18 1,500
IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD) 1,518 21 1,497
IEEE 802.5 (Token Ring) 4,472 28 4,444
FDDI 4,500 28 4,472

Network Input Parameters: Network Derived Values:

Average Message Size (bytes) 400 Number of Datagrams 1
Minimum Network MTU (bytes) 1,500 Total Overhead (bytes) 68
IP Overhead (bytes) 20 Message Service Time (se 0.000234
Frame Overhead (bytes) 28
Network Bandwidth (Mbps) 16

Networks Page 7
From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server
Networks
Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998

Networks Page 8
From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall,
OperationalLaws
1998.

Operational Laws for C/S Systems

This workbook comes with the book "Capacity Planning for Web Performance",
by D. A. Menascé and V. A. F. Almeida, Prentice Hall, 1998.

Utilization Law: (Ui = Xi * Si) Forced Flow Law: (Xi = Vi * X0)

Avg. No.
Avg. Service Queue i's Visits to System
Utilization Throughput Time Throughput Queue i Throughput
10% 0.5 0.2 12 3 4

Service Demand Law: (Di = Ui / X0) Little's Law: (N = X * R)

Service Resource Average
Demand at i's System Number in Throughput Avg. Time
Resource i Utilization Throughput the Box of the Box in the Box
0.2 0.4 2 3 10 0.3

Basic Performance Results

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From the book "Web Server, Intranet, and Client/Server Performance", Menascé and Almeida, Prentice Hall,
OperationalLaws
1998.

Basic Performance Results

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 Help

Help for ServTime.XLS

1. This workbook allows you to compute service times for single disks,
disk arrays, and networks. It also contains four important operational

laws.
2. Please refer to Chapter 3 of the book for a detailed explanation of
all the computations contained in this workbook.
3. All cells, except for the ones where you must enter values, are protected

to avoid unintended modifications.

Tips:
a. All input parameters should use compatible units (e.g., seconds for
service demands and tps for arrival rates). The results are given in
the units compatible with the input parameters.
b. Do not change the location of any of the cells. This may render your
workbook unusable or generate incorrect results.
c. Always work on a copy of the original workbook provided with the book.
You may open the original workbook and save it under
another name using the Save As option from the File menu.

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