5 Ways to Reduce COD in wastewater

How to Reduce COD in Water

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Hello, Nice to see you again here, on a great website that discuss the secret of water and
wastewater treatment world, namely On-Water.Us. This time we will discuss together about
how to reduce the value of COD in waste water.
For you who don’t have any clue about what it is COD and where are the source of COD
was, I suggest you to read the following article below:
Previous article: List of Sources COD You Need to Know.

Let us go to the point

How to Reduce the Chemical Oxygen Demand value (COD) in wastewater?

1. COD Reducement using Precipitation Process (Coagulation)

in the previous article, we will find that most of the COD is sourced from the TSS or no
dissolved solids commonly called sludge. The most important way to get rid of the sludge is
to use coagulants and flocculants.
The principle is to bind the sludge to one another so that a larger clumps of sludge and then
be deposited in a sedimentation tank.
Some chemicals commonly used as a coagulant, among others; PAC, FeCl3 (Ferric Chloride)
and Alum.
This deposition process, will greatly affect the value of COD. Especially in wastewater with a
high enough amount of TSS. For additional information for the 1 mg / L TSS you can get a
drop of up to 10 mg / L COD.
COD reduction process in order to become more perfect, it is advisable to give more concern
to the process of mixing and sedimentation. Due without proper mixing process, the
precipitation reaction that occurs will be less than perfect.

2. Microbiology Process for COD Reducement

COD reduction process by the method of using bacteria or microorganisms, devoted to COD
derived from organic matter with a high content of biodegradable. This process is done in two
main ways, namely aeration and anaerobic.
In the aeration process, COD reduceed by making the bacteria can break down organic
compounds in water. These bacteria are called heterotrophic bacteria break down organic
compounds due to the use of oxygen. This process is usually used in waste water with a COD
of less than 3000 mg / L.
In the process of anaerobic bacteria work in a room with minimal oxygen content. This
process is also called fermentation, in which bacteria break down autotrop working with
organic compounds from wastewater with three stages of one of them is by taking oxygen
from organic compounds.
The anaerobic process is suitable for waste water with BOD levels over 2000 mg / L.
Before deciding whether to take this method, it is important for you to understand what types
of wastewater that you face. Because microbiological process is only suitable for wastewater
with organic contents. You can determine this by looking at the comparison between COD
and BOD.

Some processes similar to this is the process of using MBR, SBR or SMBR
3. Reduce COD with Oxidator
Some chemicals, can help you to reduce the COD of waste water. Chlorine, Hydrogen
peroxide and Ozone will mengoksdiasikan chemicals in the water so that the automatic COD
value will go down. But of course you should limit dose usage of oxidator, because oxidator
possess sufficient berhaya especially for living organisms.
COD reduction technique is suitable for waste have COD values derived from non-
biodegradable waste such as Phenol, surfactants, etc.

Recomended to Read : Is there any Correlation between COD and BOD?

4. COD Reducing process by Fenton Reaction

Fenton reaction is a reaction that has been widely known is able to reduce the COD value.
The principle is the formation of free radicals that are created from the reaction between
Fenton reagent is FeSO4 with Hydrogen peroxide.
Fenton reaction is what will be the forerunner of the birth of AOP system.

5. Advanced Oxidation Process, The latest COD Reducing Method

AOP is the latest technology that is able to reduce the COD value of the wastewater. Even of
COD with a value above 100 thousand though.
AOP was created from the added refinement of Fenton reaction in the presence of ozone
injection so adding reproduce free hydroxyl finally able to oxidize chemicals in water.
Excess AOP process is very fast reaction speed. If the processing by microbiological
reduction in COD can take days. Then the AOP process only takes a matter of hours or even
minutes.
Another plus is also located in the area used for this system is very small is compared with
other systems.
Moreover, this process does not require a lot of chemicals to be added in the wastewater.

6. Process Filtration and Adsorption with Activated Carbon

The latter method is widely used in the finishing process or post treatment after primary
treatment process. Usually used as an activated carbon filter. Activated carbon will absorb
organic substances, ozone or chlorine substances remaining on the processing results. So safe
effluent to be discharged into the environment.
Filtration using activated carbon is also commonly used in water treatment processes to
remove odors, and reduce the chemicals in the water.