Golongan Site of Obat Dosis Indikasi Kontraindikasi Efek Samping

Action
Diuretik Tubulus Thiazides, Depends Mild hypertension; Diabetes mellitus, Potassium depletion,
Renalis Contoh: on as hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia,
hydrochlorothiazide specific adjunct in primary hyperuricemia,
drug treatment of aldosteronism hypercholesterolemia,
Oral: moderate to severe dermatitis, purpura,
12.5– 25 hypertension depression, hyper
mg calcemia
daily
Loop-acting, Oral: 20– Mild hypertension; Hyperuricemia, Potassium depletion,
Contoh: 80 mg 2 as primary hyperuricemia,
furosemide or adjunct in severe or aldosteronism hyperglycemia,
3 times a malignant hypocalcemia, blood
day hypertension, dyscrasias, rash, nausea,
particularly with vomiting, diarrhea
renal
failure
Hemat Kalium: Oral: 25 Hypertension due Gagal ginjal Hyperkalemia, diarrhea,
Spironolacto mg 2 to 4 to gynecomastia, menstrual
ne times Hyperminera irreguralities
daily locorticoidism; as
Triamterene Oral: 25– adjunct to thiazides Hyperkalemia, nausea,
100 mg therapy vomiting, leg cramps,
daily nephrolithiasis, GI
disturbance
Amiloride Oral: 5–
10 mg
daily

anti Sentral Clonidine Oral: Mild to moderate Postural hypotension,

adrenergik 0.05– 0.6 hypertension, renal drowsiness, dry mouth,
mg disease with rebound hypertension
 twice hypertension after abrupt withdrawal,
daily insomnia

Guanabenz Oral: 4–
16 mg
twice
Daily
Guanfacine Oral: 1– 3
mg daily

Methyldopa (also Oral: Mild to moderate Pheochromocytoma, Postural hypotension,

acts by blocking 250– hypertension (oral), active hepatic disease sedation, fatigue, diarrhea,
sympathetic 1000 mg malignant (IV), during MAO impaired ejaculation, fever,
nerves) twice hypertension inhibitor gynecomastia, lactation,
daily (IV) administration positive Coombs’
IV: 250– tests (occasionally
1000 mg associated with hemolysis),
every 4– chronic hepatitis, acute
6h ulcerative colitis, lupuslike
(tolerance syndrome
may
develop)
Autonomic Trimethaphan IV: 1– 6 Severe or malignant Severe coronary Postural hypotension,
Ganglia mg/min hypertension artery visual symptoms, dry
disease, mouth, constipation,
cerebrovascular urinary retention,
insufficiency, diabetes impotence
mellitus (on
hypoglycemic
therapy), glaucoma,
prostatism
Nerve Guanethidine Oral: 10– Moderate to severe Pheochromocytoma, Postural hypotension,
endings 150 mg hypertension severe coronary artery bradycardia, dry mouth,
Daily disease, diarrhea, impaired
cerebrovascular ejaculation, fluid retention,
insufficiency, during asthma
MAO inhibitor
administration
Guanadrel Oral: 5– Moderate to severe Pheochromocytoma, Postural hypotension,
50 mg hypertension severe coronary artery bradycardia, dry mouth,
twice disease, diarrhea, impaired
daily cerebrovascular ejaculation, fluid retention,
insufficiency, during asthma
MAO inhibitor
administration
Alfa Phentolamine IV: 1– 5 Suspected or Severe coronary Tachycardia, weakness,
Receptors mg bolus proved artery dizziness, flushing
pheochromocytoma disease
Phenoxybenzamine Oral: 10–
50 mg
once
or twice
daily
(tolerance
may
develop)
Prazosin Oral: 1–
10 mg
twice
daily
Terazosin Oral: 1–
20 mg
daily
 Doxazosin Oral: 1–
16 mg
daily
Beta Propranolol Oral: 10–
Receptors 120 mg 2
to
4 times
daily
Metoprolol Oral: 25–
150 mg
twice
daily
Nadolol Oral: 20–
120 mg

Atenolol Daily
Oral: 25–
100 mg
Daily
Timolol Oral: 5–
15 mg
twice
Daily
Betaxolol Oral: 10–
20 mg
daily
Carteolol Oral: 2.5–
10 mg
Daily
Pindolol Oral: 5– Oral: 5– 30 mg twice
30 mg daily
twice Less resting bradycardia
Daily than other beta blocker
Acebutolol Oral:
200– 600
mg
twice
daily