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Introduction
This study has employed various methods and data collection. The primary data in this study is
obtained through both qualitative and quantitative methods. Meanwhile, secondary data was
obtained through literature reviews of journals, articles and research paper.
Study Site
This study is conducted at one of the village that is affected by the implementation of Pan Borneo
Highway, namely Kampung Seroban, Serian. Through government intervention, Kampung
Seroban has been included in the area that is affected by the Pan Borneo Highway project. Most
of the villagers in Kampung Seroban, Serian are from Bidayuh ethnicity. According to the Head
of Villagers, the total population in the village is 679 people (based in 2015). There are
approximately total of 136 doors in Kampung Seroban, Serian. It is reported that 8 doors (5
Chinese, 2 Bidayuh, and 1 Iban) are significantly affected by the project implementation since they
have to move from their house to enable the Pan Borneo Highway to be done.
Sampling Method
The sampling method used in the study is non-probability, convenience sampling. The
respondents are selected because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researchers.
Since the most affected doors has left the village, the sample selected are the villagers living
nearest to the road and inside the village. Besides, snowball sampling method also used in this
study for it is more convenience since only small proportion of the population are affected by the
Pan Borneo Highway development. Researchers observe and asked assistance from the villagers
to locate those who are affected.
Data Collection
A total of 30 doors in Kampung Seroban, Serian are chosen as sample population to obtain the
data for the purpose of this study. In gathering the necessary data, three survey methods are used;
key informant in-depth interviews, household survey, and observation. The use of various data
collection methods enable researchers to collect both quantitative and qualitative data on the
demographic characteristics of the respondents, impacts of the Pan Borneo Highway development
on the villagers of Kampung Seroban, Serian.
i) In-depth Interview
The interview with the key informant in the village is conducted without a planned
precise questions. The questions asked are based on the flow of the topic discussed
with the Head of Villagers in Kampung Seroban, Serian.
Data Analysis
This section briefly explained the process of data analysis of this study. The data is analyzed using
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 11.05 and Microsoft Excel 2013 which
include the use of descriptive statistics data. The result of the analysis using SPSS are diagram
such as bar chart and pie chat, and frequency statistical information. Besides the software is also
use to visualize the overall impact of the Pan Borneo Highway development encountered by the
villagers in Kampung Seroban, Serian.
Limitation of Study
There are limitations encountered by researchers during the assessment in Kampung Seroban.
These limitations include language barrier. Most of the villagers communicate in their mother
tongue which is Bidayuh language and barely understand or speak Malay language. Therefore, it
is hard to approach and gain information from them. Most of the affected villagers moved out. Out
of 8 doors there are 7 who already moved out from their houses. We managed to locate two of the
significantly affected door. However, one of them are unwilling to cooperate in the assessment.