Cheong 1

Cheong, Susie

AP English Language and Composition A

Synthesis Essay Outline Format

Mr. Rivas

2 June 2017

We can save lives

Nearly one billion people in the world do not have clean safe drinking water. This causes

various problems to young girls, kids, parents, the elderly, and even impacts their community.

With the lack of fresh clean water it causes a domino effect to their daily lives. The deaths they

have to go through, the lack of education, money, and even lose hope for a better richer life. In

order to stop this from happening every single day to these families we as a whole have to learn

and understand their troubles and take action by campaigning, causing awareness, helping, and

providing information.

There are various hazardous outcomes from water pollution. Puja Mondal author of

Water Pollution: Effects and Health Hazards of Water Pollution , “Waterborne infectious enteric

diseases like typhoid, bacillary dysentery, cholera and amoebic dysentery are the predominant

health hazards arising from drinking contaminated water… Radio-active pollutants (from mining

and refining of Uranium Thorium and Nuclear power plants) enter humans through food and

water and get accumulated in the blood, thyroid gland, liver, bones and muscles.” Drinking

contaminated water highly affects human beings. Mondal argues that contaminated water enters

the human body through blood, thyroid gland, liver, bones, and muscles. This is alarming news

because many people all over the world especially developing countries do not have access to

clean fresh water and resort to drinking contaminated water which has a high impact on the
 Cheong 2

population, and deaths per year. The thought of parents having no control in this matter and

feeling helpless, having no choice and making their kids endure harsh work and maintain a harsh

life just to stay alive can drastically affect the community.

In the article, “Water Pollution: Effects and Health Hazards of Water Pollution” Mondal

discusses how non biodegradable travel through food chains and reach humans and attack the

nervous system. Model regards the different tactics waterborne diseases maintain on a person’s

body. However, with regard to the importance of understanding the causes of water pollution and

how it is significant for multitude of purposes such as industry, navigation, recreation,

construc-tion work, power generation and waste disposal while also maintaining water at its

finest. This is very important because it is an essential resource in our daily lives. Learning

various ways on how hazardous the outcome of waterborne diseases are is vital to developing

countries.This can prevent from more developing countries to increase with the domino effect,

instead help nourish and create a new stronger community.

Understanding the background and lifestyle they live can give people an idea or even

help them understand how and why their community is struggling. For instance, the

environment, population, government, and day to day lives affect all these innocent people. In a

different article, Water Pollution Worries in Developing World the author, Amir Dakkak

discusses about the unsanitary rivers like the Ganges River in India and the amount of trash

surrounded in that river. This article contextualizes the outcome of having water bodies in

developing countries as open sewers, it also mentions different locations on where this occurs

and provides specific information like, the amount of waste that the Ganges River receives and

many more industrial waste that travels its way there. The amount of waste products invading

rivers, oceans, ponds, and lakes creates an unsanitary environment to the community and
 Cheong 3

endangers many people. The bacteria in the waters spread throughout and reaches many people,

by the water, foods, and for sanitary reasons. Not only does unsanitary water affects people, but

it also attacks the environment and the surroundings. Also water scarcity and contaminated water

can highly affect and leave a strain on developing countries. However, this also raises many

questions that benefit many people such as, How can this be resolved? What is the damage? Why

is this occurring? Furthermore, explaining economic and social crisis, the country’s population

crisis, and water scarcity which can open up discussions freely.

As mentioned, the crisis on water pollution affects many young girls, women, children,

and the elderly. In the article, Water Pollution Worries in Developing World the author, Amir

Dakkak argues on the lack of education received by teenage girls and how that can deeply affect

their social and economic life. This article contextualizes how teenage women are unable to

receive an education because they have to embark on a trip to gather water which affects them to

understand and have the skills to maintain a successful job which leaves a heavy burden on their

community as well. By understanding the various circumstances these young girls have to face

every day the reader acknowledges the structure of their economy, government, and social look.

As a whole the community suffers from a lack of fresh foods, waters, and safe sanitary options

but most importantly this stunts the growth of families. Their income, their access to education,

and job opportunities. If this keeps occurring it can permanently not only affect their families but

their community. In the article, Water Pollution the author, Stefanie Keller notes the different

areas that have been targeted of pollution. Highly affected are, rivers, lakes, and oceans this

creates a destruction of the ecosystem. The plants and animals living in the water can have an

impact because human beings are polluting their livelihood. This article contextualizes Keller’s

thoughts. She discusses the problems with contamination and how polluted it has become and
 Cheong 4

how it causes so much pain to the environment, animals, and ourselves. The overly populated

bodies of water which are highly contaminated doesn't only affect the plants and animals but it

also affects us, human beings.

Waterborne diseases and water related diseases have left a large impact on Sub-saharan

Africa. In an article, journal Suffering for Water, Suffering from Water: Access to Drinking-

water and Associated Health Risks in Cameron the author, H. Blaise Nguendo Yongsi provides

information on his predictions on what will occur later in the future. Yongsi makes his

assumptions regarding with the past and all the information aligned with the events. In this

article Yongsi describes in detail the outcome or what or future will soon look like. Yongsi

states, “More importantly, vulnerable groups, such as children, women, and the elderly, are the

main victims.” Yongsi also shares information and his predictions like, around 2030 the

continent may attain 54% of urban proportion and that Sub-Saharan Africa is ranked one of the

world’s regions which is at a disadvantage. We have accept and tackle this head on as a

community. The information provided states, “it highly affects young children, women, and the

elderly.” It attacks these individuals because of the lack of nutrients provided in their body.

Young children and the elderly both are highly affected by waterborne diseases because their

body strong enough to fight back and their nutrients does not fuel as fast as developed bodies.

This can still affect women physically but it can also affects them because women lack jobs and

education which pulls them back by increasing and providing for their families.

In the article, What's in Our Water? The Causal Factors and Barriers Against Waterborne

Disease the author, Sarah Malburg discusses the causes and prevention of waterborne diseases

and the many factors involved or related with water related diseases. Malburg points out, the
 Cheong 5

cause and prevention of waterborne diseases relates to the surrounding and environment in that

area. Malburg also states, “... which trigger the conditions or the spreading out of the pathogenic

microorganisms resulting to an epidemic.” Understanding the type of climate and weather in that

region, overall economic development, type of technology and industry, and trade or commerce

in relation to tourism or travel is a major necessity to acknowledge.

Waterborne diseases affect developing countries from the unsafe hygiene and sanitation

which leads to death. According to the article, Water Scarcity in Africa the estimated percentage

of diseases that affect the world, it also estimates the percentage of deaths per year. This article

points out in specific detail the estimated percentage of diseases that spread and how how many

people can die because of that. It is estimated that around 1.5 million human deaths annually and

according to the World Health Organization, that “such diseases amount for an estimated 3.6%”

(Water Scarcity in Africa). And this all can occur simply by unsafe water supply, sanitation, and

hygiene. To understand that all these people can die from unsafe water is mind blowing and we

start to realize how the future could end up. With all the high numbers and percentages and the

data provided there is a high chance for this future. A future with the discomfort in our hearts

settling as we know there will be young girls and boys, families ruined with this contagious

diseases that can spread throughout the regions. In the same article, “Water Scarcity in Africa” it

credits a source, “World Health Organization.” The article reports deaths and other forms of

waterborne diseases that affect many people. Furthermore elaborating, “According to the World

Health Organization (WHO), water-borne diseases cause about 1.8 million human deaths

annually, with various forms of waterborne diarrheal disease being the most prominent ones

affecting mainly children in developing countries.” Many young children, as stated earlier do not

have enough nutrients to fight back so there will be a higher number of young children who died
 Cheong 6

each year. Also, with the environment they live in it affects them as well their environment is

populated, dirty, in poverty and it all adds up. Many of these diseases are transmitted by dirty

puddles and the breeding of mosquitoes. The mosquitoes spread malaria and encephalitis. Many

people in this situation has to learn the essential to survive which is to drink filtered water, stock

up on clean container, etc. Many families cannot provide this so that is why many organizations

like, The Water Project gather many supporters and help many families in need.

Waterborne diseases affect many young girls and women because it maintains a lack of

education which negatively impacts not only themselves, but their community. The article A

good education begins with access to safe water and proper sanitation The water project, notes

how important education is and how young girls and women do not obtain the privilege to have

access to education and provide their knowledge to their family. The article shares the importanc

o educztion because without it it can “ set up an unfortunate cycle of poverty inequality as

without proper education, there is a little chance of improving one’s situation later in life.” The

lack of education provided to young girls, women, and boys affect economic growth and

scarcity. It is considered a miracle if you wish to change anything without the process and work

and this is happening with many young girls, women, and boys in developing countries.

Waterborne diseases are hard to detect because of the wide variety of illness which

causes limitations on too many people. On a research paper, Ryan G. Sinclair distinguishes the

various possibilities of different outbreaks from waterborne diseases. Sinclair goes in to

specifics stating, “Noroviruses are believed to be the single largest cause of outbreaks, which

have been documented in the published literature 45%(n=25), followed by Adenoviruses (24%),

echovirus (18%), hepatitis A virus (7%) and coxsackieviruses (5%).” Sinclair mentions under

half of the outbreaks occur in swimming pools, while the second largest occurs in lakes or ponds
 Cheong 7

(Sinclair). The number of possibilities has risen to the surface. The percentage and number of

outbreaks has increased because of the association of the noroviruses however there has also

been methods of virus detection. To absorb and understand the information is beneficial because

communities can learn the number of possibilities of places where there can be outbreaks while

swimming, boating, or other water sports. In the same research paper Sinclair notes to the readers

additional information on water related diseases and the initial outbreak, he discusses how there

can be a connection between bacterial water and the rates of illness among bathers. Sinclair also

mentions “local water quality requirements can be the source of outbreaks of disease or can

contain enteric viruses.” This information has a distinctive association between bacterial water

quality and how it can indicate the rates of illness among bathers. There is a juxtaposition

between “certain bacterial water quality indicators and rates of illness among bathers… water

that is only marginally polluted or meets state or local water quality requirements can be the

source of the outbreaks of diseases or can contain enteric viruses.” Sinclair is noting that water

that has been slightly affected can be a main source of outbreaks of various diseases or contain

viruses as well.

Nearly one billion people are affected with water-borne diseases and by educating not

only themselves but ourselves we can take action and prevent increased deaths within developing

countries and instead create an actual change for their family and community.
 Cheong 8

Works Cited

Dakkak, Amir. "Water Pollution Worries in Developing World." ECOMENA. N.p., Jan. & feb.

2017. Web.

http://www.ecomena.org/water-pollution/

Keller, Stefanie. "Water Pollution Worries in Developing World." Sustainable sanitation and

water management . N.p., n.d. Web.

http://www.sswm.info/content/water-pollution
 Cheong 9

Mondal, Puja. "Water Pollution: Effects and Health Hazards of Water pollution." Your Article

Library The Next Generation Library. N.p., n.d. Web.

http://www.citationmachine.net/items/423273798/copy

Phelamei, Salome . " Tips to prevent water-borne diseases." Zee News. N.p., 24 Aug. 2014. Web.

http://zeenews.india.com/news/health/tips/tips-to-prevent-water-borne-diseases_29325.html

"Wiley Online Library ." Viruses in recreational water-borne disease outbreaks: a review. N.p.,

5 May 2009. Web.

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04367.x/full

"WATER IN CRISIS - SOUTH AFRICA." The Water Project . N.p., n.d. Web.

https://thewaterproject.org/water-crisis/water-in-crisis-south-africa

"A GOOD EDUCATION ...begins with access to safe water and proper sanitation." The Water

Project . N.p., n.d. Web.

https://thewaterproject.org/why-water/education

"Drinking-water." World Health Organization. N.p., n.d. Web.

<http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs391/en/>.
Cheong 10