MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

EKT 345
 CHAPTER 2:

MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS

Outline:
1.1 Introduction to microwave measurements
1.2 Equipments : Tuneable detector, slotted line
carriage, VSWR meter, spectrum analyzer, network
analyzer
1.3 Measurements : Power, insertion loss and
attenuation, VSWR, return loss, impedance,
frequency, cavity, dielectric constant, scattering
parameters of network
 1.1 Introduction to
microwave measurement

Low frequency:
 Lumped elements: voltage, current, frequency, true
power
 Calculate: Impedance value, power factor, phase
angle

Microwave frequency:
 Transmission lines: Voltage and current
- functions of distance
- Not easily measureable
 Lossless lines : power transmitted is independent
 Measurement of S-parameters, power, frequency,
phase shift, VSWR and NF.
 1.2 Equipments
1.2.1 Tuneable detector

LFSW modulated microwave signal is
detected using non reciprocal detector
diode.

To match the detector and transmission
system – tuneable stub
Cont’d…
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1.2.2 Slotted line carriage

contains a coaxial probes which penetrates
inside a rectangular waveguide slotted
section from the outer wall – able to
traverse a longitudinal narrow slot.

Used to measure:
 VSWR and standing wave pattern
 Wavelength
 Impedance, reflection coefficient, return loss
Cont’d…
 Cont’d…

1.2.3 VSWR meter

a sensitive high gain, low
noise voltage amplifier –
fixed at 1 kHz frequency.

the input is signal output
from detector and the
output is measured with a
square law calibrated
voltmeter.
Cont’d…
1.2.4 Spectrum Analyzer

a broadband receiver : plot of amplitude
vs frequency of the received signal.
Cont’d…
1.2.5 Network Analyzer

measures both amplitude and phase
of a signal over a wide frequency
range within a reasonable time.
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