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Volatile Constituents of the Leaf

and Fruit Oils of Murraya koenigii
Spreng.
a a
Gopal R. Mallavarapu , Laxmi Rao & Srinivasaiyer Ramesh
a

a
Central Institue of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Field
Station , GKVK PO, Bangalore, 560 065, India
Published online: 09 Dec 2011.

To cite this article: Gopal R. Mallavarapu , Laxmi Rao & Srinivasaiyer Ramesh (2000) Volatile
Constituents of the Leaf and Fruit Oils of Murraya koenigii Spreng., Journal of Essential Oil
Research, 12:6, 766-768, DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2000.9712211

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2000.9712211

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 J. &sC!nt. Oil Res., 12,766-768 ( N o v / ~ ) ~ c 2000)

Volatile Constituents of the Leaf and Fruit Oils

of Murraya koenigii Spreng.

Gopal R. Mallavarapu,' Laxmi Rao and SrMvasaiyer Ramesh

Centrul Institire OfMedicinuI and Aroniutic Plunts. Field Stution, G M PO,Bungalow 560 OG5, Indiu
Downloaded by [Central Institute of Fishery Technology ] at 04:14 20 February 2014

Abstract
'Ihe essential oils ofthc leaves and fruits o f M f r v u y ukoenigii Spreng. were analyzed
by GC and GUMS. Forty-eight constituents of the leaf oil representing 95%)of the oil
and 42 constituents o f the fruit oil accounting for 98.5%)of the oil have been identified.
'I'hc major constituents of the leaf oil were a-pincnc (9.0%).a-phckandrcnc (6.1%I),
~-plicllandrcnc(50.la%)), (li)-p-ocimcnc (7.1%) and pcxyophyllcnc (4 .YH)). 'Ihc main
constituents o f the fruit oil were a-pincnc (48.1W , p-pincnc (7.1%),myrccnc (3.1%),
P-phcllandrcnc (26.0%), y-terpincnc (3.0%))and pcaryophyllcnc (3.o%)).
Key Word Index
Mftrru.yu koenigii, Kutaccac, curry leaf, essential oil composition, a-pincnc,
a-phcllandrcnc, P-phcllandrcne.

Plant Name
Murru.yu koenigii Spreng., also known as Indian curry leaf tree.

Source
'I'hc fresh leaf and fruit were collected from the tree grown in a house yard in Rangdore. 'The voucher
specimens have been deposited in CIMAP I'ield Station, kangalore.
Plant Parts
Fresh leaves and unripe fruits were subjected to hydrodistillation in Cievenger-type apparatus
separately for 4-5 h. The yields of the oils were 0.18%(leaf) and O./iO%)(fruit). The oils were dried over
anhydrous Na,SO, before subjecting them t o GC and ( W M S analyses.
Previous Work
The leaf oil of M . komfgff has been the subject of several studies earlier (1-1 1). To our knowledge,
there arc no reports on the composition of M . b e n i g i i fruit oil.
Present Work
The leaf and fruit oils were analyzed by <iC and (;<;/MS. Gas chromatography was carried out on
I'crkin Elmer 8500 gas chromatograph equipped with 1'11) using 13P-1 (dimethyl polysiloxanc) and
131'-20 (Oarbowax 20M) (25 m x 0.5 mm; 0.25 pm film thickness). Nitrogen was used as carrier gas at
a tlow rate of 4 0 ml./min and 1 0 psi inlet pressure. 'kmperaturc program: 60°-2200<:at 'jo(:/rnin.
(131'-1) and 6O0-20O0C at 5OWrnin (131'-20). Split ratio 1:80.GC/MS analysis was performed on I Icwlctt-
I'ackard 5890 gas chromatograph interfaced with quadrupolc mass spectrometer MSA 5970 using

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Table 1. Chemical composition of the leaf and fruit oils of Murraya koenigii
RI Area percentage
Compound BP-1 BP-20 Leaf Fruit
tricyclene 921 1003 t
a-thujene 925 1017 0.1 0.2
a-pinene 937 1021 9.0 48.1
camphene 947 1057 0.2 0.4
sabinene 969 1115 0.2 0.1
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8-pinene 974 1100 1.5 7.1

myrcene 984 1155 2.4 3.1
a-phellandrene 997 1166 6.1 2.7
G3-carene 1005 1138 t t
a-terpinene 1010 1168 0.2 0.2
p-cymene 1013 1260 0.1 0.1
limonene 1027 1187 (5.1) (3.5)
p-phellandrene 1027 1203 (49.0) (23.1)
(Z)-p-ocimene 1028 1220 0.6 0.2
(E)-P-oc'imene 1040 1243 7.1 0.5
y-terpinene 1053 1227 0.2 3.0
trans-sabinene hydrate 1058 1470 t
a,p-dimethyl styrene 1075 1465 t t
terpinolene 1081 1284 0.2 0.7
linalool 1086 1550 2.0 0.1
cis-sabinene hydrate 1101 1550 t t
(2)-p-terpineol 1127 0.3 0.1
(E)-p-terpineol 1146 1616 t t
lavandulol 1153 1660 0.1
terpinen-4-01 1166 1602 0.4 0.3
a-terpineol 1176 1698 0.6 0.2
decanal 1185 1485 0.1 0.1
nerol 1211 1751 0.1 0.1
geraniol 1239 1850 t 0.1
bornyl acetate 1272 1566 0.7 0.4
neryl acetate 1341 1726 0.1 0.2
a-copaene 1378 1454 0.1
p-elemene 1389 1584 0.2 t
p-caryophyllene 1423 1590 4.9 3.0
p-gurjunene 1434 1600 t 0.1
aromadendrene 1445 1654 0.1 t
ygujunenet 1473 0.1 t
a-humulene 1456 1673 1.2 0.6
cis-p-guaienet 1486 1673 0.1
a-selinene 1495 1703 0.2 0.1
Gcadinene 1512 1737 0.1 0.1
elemol 1538 2080 0.3
(E)-nerolidol 1548 2011 0.3 0.1
spathulenol 1570 2098 0.1
caryophyllene oxide 1576 1985 0.1
globulol 1584 2183 0.2 t
T-cadinol 1617 2208 0.1 0.1
p-eudesmol 1630 2252 0.2 t
(E,E)-famesol 1715 2365 0.2 t
t = ~ 0 . 0 5 %Listed
. in order Of elution on BP-1 column. Values in the parenthese are the percentageson BP-20 column.
t = tentative identification m/z (ret. int.)
rgurjunene: 204(31), 189(19). 161(90). 147(15), 133(44), 121(23), 119(69). 107(30), 105(100). 95(21), 93(66), 91(78), 81(55),
79(60), 77(43). 69(30). 67(36), 65(22), 55(45), 53(25), 51(19), 43(28). 41(85)
Pguaiene: 204(28). 189(18), 161(50). 147(16), 133(33), 121(31). 119(50), 107(30), 105(100). 95(23), 93(65), 91(84), 81(48), 79(52).
7760).69(27). 67(39). 65(18). 5560). 53(29). 51(16). 43(40). 41 (75)
 768 hl’uuVvARARI ETAL.

lIl’-l ultra 2 (5% methyl silicone) fused capillary column (15 m x 0.2 mm; 0.25 pm film thickness).
’I‘cmpcraturc program as for GC above was used. MS operating conditions: 70 cV: ion source
temperature 25OOC. Compounds were identified by comparison o f the retention indices of the peaks
on IxNh apokar and polar columns with those reported in literature (12-14), I>y peak enrichment on
coinjcction with authentic standards wherever possildc and by comparison of the mass spectral
fngrmcnts with literature values (1 5-1 5). I’cak arc;i percentages were calculated withoiit applying
correction factors on 131’-1 column.
GC and CX:/MS andlyScS o f the oils o f the leaf and fruit of M. koeizigli enabled the identification of
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48 constituents of the leaf oil and 43 constituents o f the fruit oil. ’I’hc identified compounds arc listed
in ‘I‘ablcI.’I‘hc oils of both leaf and fruit contained similar constituents. ‘I‘hcleaf oil had a-pincnc ($).O%)),
a-phclkanckne (6.1%),limoncnc (5.1%1), P-phddndrenc MI), (E)-P-ocimcnc (7.1%)and P-caryophyllcnc
(4.9%)) as major constituents, whcrcas the fruit oil contained a-pinenc (48.1%1),P-pincne (7.1%))and
P-phcllandrcnc (24.4%)as the major constituents. 13oththe oils were rich in monotcrpcncs (83.$)-$)3.o%).
‘I‘hc leaf oil of the present study had a different composition from the one we reported earlier ( 1 1).
While the oil in the present study has P-phcllandrcnc as the main constituent, the oil of leaf in our earlier
study contained sabincnc, a-pincnc, tcrpincn-4-ol as the major constituents. ’I‘crpincn-4-olwas found
only as ii major constituent in the present study. ’Iliis present study corrolmrates our observation that
the plant M. koci?igii exists in different chemical forms. ’I‘his is the first report o f the isolation and
composition o f the fruit oil of M. kwi?igfi.
Acknowledgments
’I’lieauthors are thdnkhd to 1)r. Sushi1 Kumar. Director for his interest and encouragement. also thankful to 1)r.
A. Vcnkateswarlu and I h . G . Om Hcddy of Dr. Ileddy Ilcsearch I:ouncalion, I-lyderabad for the GUMS of the oils.
and lo Mr. I.. <:hdndrdSekhJr for the generous gili of the plant materials.
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