Plant layout and its types

1. 1. Plant Layout and its Types

2. 2. Layout? “Plant layout ideally involves allocation of space and arrangement of equipment in
such a manner that overall operating costs are minimized”.Dr. Zargari
3. 3. Objectives of Layout 1. Efficient utilization of available floor space 2. To ensure that work
proceeds from one point to another point without any delay 3. Provide enough production
capacity. 4. Reduce material handling costs 5. Reduce hazards to personnel 6. Utilize labor
efficiently 7. Increase employee moral.Dr. Zargari
4. 4. Objectives of Layout….Cont.. 1. Reduce accidents 2. Provide for volume and product
flexibility 3. Provide ease of supervision and control 4. Provide for employee safety and
health 5. Allow ease of maintenance 6. Allow high machine or equipment utilization 7.
Improve productivityDr. Zargari
5. 5. Types of Layout o Manufacturing units a. Product; b. Process; c. Fixed Position d.
CombinedDr. Zargari
6. 6. 1.Manufacturing Layout a. Product layout(line Layout):  The materials move form one
workstation to another sequentially without any backtracking or deviation.  Materials are fed
into 1st machine and semi- finished goods travel automatically from machine to machine. 
The output of one machine becoming input of the next. Eg: Food Processing Unit; Paper
millDr. Zargari
7. 7. 1.Manufacturing Layout a. Product layout(line Layout): Eg: Paper millDr. Zargari
8. 8. 1.Manufacturing Layout a. Product layout(line Layout): Advantage Disadvantage 1.Low
material 1.Initial cost is very handling cost high 2.Continuous work 2.Repetitive 3.Optimum
floor process spaceDr. Zargari
9. 9. 1.Manufacturing Layout b. Process (functional)layout:  In this type of layout machines of
a similar type are arranged together at one place.  The work has to be allocated to each
department in such a way that no machines are chosen to do as many different job as
possible. Eg: Process oriented layout for an hospitalDr. Zargari
10. 10. b. Process (functional)layout: E g : P r o c e s s o r ie n t e d la y o u t f o r a n h o s p it a l
Patient A - broken leg ER triage Emergency room admissions room Patient B - erratic heart
pacemaker Surgery Laboratories Radiology ER Beds Pharmacy Billing/exitDr. Zargari
11. 11. 1.Manufacturing Layout b. Process layout: Advantage Disadvantage 1.Low capital 1.High
material 2.Overhead cost handling cost are relatively low. 2.Time lag is higher 3.Effective
supervisionDr. Zargari
12. 12. 1.Manufacturing Layout c. Fixed (position) layout:  Here, Major products being produced
is fixed at one location.  All other facilities are brought and arranged around the work
center. Eg: Ship building, Dam construction, flyover construction.Dr. Zargari
13. 13. 1.Manufacturing Layout c. Fixed (position) layout: E g : S h ip b u ild in g , D a m & f ly o v
e r c o n s t r u c t io n .Dr. Zargari
14. 14. 1.Manufacturing Layout c. Fixed (position) layout: Advantage Disadvantage 1.Save cost,
as 1.Lengthy customization is production period, necessary heavy investment cost 2.Several
operations are carried out simultaniously.Dr. Zargari
15. 15. 1.Manufacturing Layout d. Combined layout:  In many manufacturing units, several
products are produced in repeated numbers with no likelihood of continuous production,
combined layout is followed. Eg: Soap industry, all inputs are almost manufactured in
separate units viz glycerin, water treatment, fragrance etc.Dr. Zargari
16. 16. 1.Manufacturing Layout d.Combined layout: Eg: S oapsDr. Zargari