0 Bewertungen0% fanden dieses Dokument nützlich (0 Abstimmungen)
40 Ansichten6 Seiten
the Basics of Simple Circuits
a. I used some wires with alligator clips, 2 small light bulbs with equal resistance, a voltmeter, a multi-meter, and a small circuit board with a 3 V battery, resistors, and of course, protruding metal sticks to attach the wires.
b. I experimented with arranging the resistors in series and in parallel using the wires to connect the resistors to the battery.
c. Use ohms law to prove the difference in current in different scenarios
d. Observe how current varies due to change in total resistance in parallel from in series
the Basics of Simple Circuits
a. I used some wires with alligator clips, 2 small light bulbs with equal resistance, a voltmeter, a multi-meter, and a small circuit board with a 3 V battery, resistors, and of course, protruding metal sticks to attach the wires.
b. I experimented with arranging the resistors in series and in parallel using the wires to connect the resistors to the battery.
c. Use ohms law to prove the difference in current in different scenarios
d. Observe how current varies due to change in total resistance in parallel from in series
the Basics of Simple Circuits
a. I used some wires with alligator clips, 2 small light bulbs with equal resistance, a voltmeter, a multi-meter, and a small circuit board with a 3 V battery, resistors, and of course, protruding metal sticks to attach the wires.
b. I experimented with arranging the resistors in series and in parallel using the wires to connect the resistors to the battery.
c. Use ohms law to prove the difference in current in different scenarios
d. Observe how current varies due to change in total resistance in parallel from in series
II. Beginning ideas: a) How does voltage, Resistance, and current relate to each other in a circuit? b) How does current move through resistors in parallel and in series? c) How does the voltage drop across each of the resistors arranged differently in parallel and in series? d) I will stay safe by not dropping the voltmeter and the multi- meter and not breaking the wires III. Tests- what did I do? a. I used some wires with alligator clips, 2 small light bulbs with equal resistance, a voltmeter, a multi-meter, and a small circuit board with a 3 V battery, resistors, and of course, protruding metal sticks to attach the wires. b. I experimented with arranging the resistors in series and in parallel using the wires to connect the resistors to the battery. c. Use ohms law to prove the difference in current in different scenarios d. Observe how current varies due to change in total resistance in parallel from in series e. Hypothesis: i. The resistors in parallel will drop each the same amount of voltage or 3 volts ii. The resistors/light bulbs in series will drop each half the voltage of the battery iii. The current in the circuit in parallel will be greater than in series IV. Data and Observations a. I observed that the current is twice as great in the main wire of the circuit in parallel (later proved using ohm’s law) b. The current branches in parallel with each branch having only half the current of the main wire c. The total resistance is much less in parallel than in series so of course the current is bigger d. The current is the same throughout resistors in series V. Claims/Discussion: a. The electrons must have dropped all its volts before coming back to the battery. b. In parallel: each resistor from the different branches must have dropped the same amount of voltage before joining again to the main wire. c. The resistance is inversely proportional to current by ohms law V=IR so with the same voltage drop, the bigger the TOTAL resistance, the smaller the current needed to drop the same amount of volts. VI. Evidence: a. Handwritten/drawn below: VII. Reading: a. Just like the textbook says, ohm’s law applies to circuits with accuracy and sense. b. Current and total resistance is inversely proportional to one another as long as battery isn’t changed. c. Arranging the light bulbs/resistors in parallel needs twice as much current from the main branch/wire from the battery than in series because the total resistance is less and each light bulb must each drop 3 volts instead of just 1.5 VIII. Reflection/Conclusion Questions a. What can you conclude about how… i. Potential differences are related for several resistors in series with a battery: The potential differences in series across each resistor is the voltage of the battery divided by the total number of resistors (only if all light bulbs have the same resistance) ii. Potential differences are related for several resistors in parallel with a battery: the potential difference in parallel across each resistor is 3 volts or the voltage of the battery. iii. Might theses conclusions be interpreted from a conservation of energy perspective: yes, it can be interpreted from conservation of energy perspective because moving through each battery it gains 3 volts which was actually the chemical energy in the battery turning into electrical energy and across each resistor, some or all the energy gained through the battery is used up by the light bulb converted into heat or light energy so the total energy (electric, chemical, and light and heat) stays the same. Because the total electrical energy can’t change through many cycles to come, it must drop the same voltage each cycle to maintain the same amount of energy. iv. Currents are related for several resistors for several resistors in series with a battery: the current in series is the same throughout all the segments of wires connecting the resistors to the battery and its less than the current needed with same amount of resistors arranged in parallel because the total resistance is greater. v. Currents are related for several resistors in parallel with a battery: the current in several resistors in parallel varies throughout the different segments. The main wire that connects directly to the battery is much greater than in series because the total resistance the much less so more current is needed to drop the same voltage. The current in the separated branches are half of the one in main branch. vi. Might these conclusions be interpreted from a conservation of charge perspective? (Explain how conservation of charge is related to the current flow in a circuit): just like in series, moving through each battery it gains 3 volts which was actually the chemical energy in the battery turning into electrical energy and across each resistor, some or all the energy gained through the battery is used up by the light bulb converted into heat or light energy so the total energy (electric, chemical, and light and heat) stays the same. Because the total electrical energy can’t change through many cycles to come, it must drop the same voltage each cycle to maintain the same amount of energy. vii. Can you extrapolate these conclusions to more complex circuits with resistors in series and parallel combinations: yes you can extrapolate these conclusions to more complex circuits with resistors in series and in parallel. All you have to know is the basics of the current variation in resistors in parallel and voltage drop variations in resistors arranged in series and just find equivalent resistances to solve complex circuits but even the most complex ones can be broken up into pieces of easy parallel and series circuits. IX. Lab error Analysis: The currents we measured in parallel in each of the branches adds up to the main current but are slightly different for the supposedly two identical light bulbs with the same resistance. The two light bulbs might have had very slight difference in resistance therefore their current aren’t exactly the same. Error percentage: 5.7%