U Michigan Written Practice Quiz - Scalp, Cranial

Cavity, Meninges & Brain

6, 12, 19, 21

2 An infant was diagnosed as having hydrocephalus. It was determined

that there was a blockage in the ventricular system of the baby's brain
between the third and fourth ventricles. The blockage therefore must
have involved the:

Central canal

Cerebral aqueduct

Foramen of Luschka (lateral foramen)

Foramen of Magendie (medial foramen)

Interventricular foramen

The correct answer is: cerebral aqueduct

The cerebral aqueduct is the part of the ventricular system that carries
cerebrospinal fluid from the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle. So, this must
be the part of the ventricular system that was blocked. The central canal is the
space where CSF flows through the spinal cord. It is continuous with the 4th
ventricle. The foramina of Luschka (lateral aperatures) and foramen of
Magendie (median aperature) are small foramina in the 4th ventricle that allow
the CSF to leave the ventricular system and enter the subarachnoid space. The
interventricular foramina are passages from the lateral ventricles that allow the
CSF to enter the 3rd ventricle.

RIGHT

17) An infant was found to have hydrocephalus. Studies revealed that the
hydrocephalus was caused because CSF could not get out of the third
ventricle. The passage blocked was the:

Central canal

Cerebral aqueduct

Interventricular foramen

Lateral foramen (of Luschka)

Medial foramen (of Magendie)

The correct answer is: Cerebral aqueduct

For CSF to travel from the third ventricle to the 4th ventricle and the
central canal of the spinal cord, it must pass through the cerebral aqueduct. So,
this is the passageway that must be blocked. The central canal is the space
where CSF flows through the spinal cord. It is continuous with the 4th ventricle.
The foramen of Luschka and foramen of Magendie are small foramina in the
4th ventricle that allow the CSF to leave the ventricular system and enter the
subarachnoid space. The interventricular foramina are passages in the lateral
ventricles that allow the CSF to leave the lateral ventricles and enter the 3rd
ventricles. See Netter Plate 102 for a diagram of the ventricles of the brain.

Netter’s

A 42-year-old man who has been taking a daily therapeutic dose of nonsteroidal

anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past 4 months presents in the emergency

department with active hematemesis caused by a posterior duodenal ulcer that has eroded

the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. When efforts to achieve hemostasis

using endoscopy fail, he is taken immediately to the operating room where the surgeon

carries out an endovascular repair of the artery. She inserts a catheter into the femoral

artery and advances it in a retrograde direction into the abdominal aorta. Through which

vessel should the catheter leave the abdominal aorta to reach the posterior superior

pancreaticoduodenal artery?

Celiac trunk
Inferior mesenteric artery
Inferior phrenic artery
Splenic artery
Superior mesenteric artery

The posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery is one of the two terminal

branches of the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. The celiac trunk is one of the
three unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta. A catheter leaving the abdominal
aorta via the celiac trunk would reach the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery via
the common hepatic and then the gastroduodenal arteries.