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Multiple Ion Charges: Multivalent Ionic Compounds

Some metals, especially the transition elements can form more than
one ion. For instance, copper can form two ions, one with a 2+ charge
and one with a 1+ charge.

So if copper combines with chlorine, what are the possible formulas?

If the copper +2 ion is used, we get CuCl2


If the copper +1 ion is used, we get CuCl

How do we tell them apart? A scientist called Alfred Stock came up


with a sensible system. He said to use numbers to indicate the charge
on these ions. (we use roman numerals to keep from mixing them up
with the subscripts). So copper with a +2 charge is called copper (II).
Copper with a +1 charge is copper (I).

Other Elements With Multiple Charge Ions


Element Ion Ion name
Iron (II) Fe2+
Iron
Iron (III) Fe3+
Gold (III) Au3+
Gold
Gold (I) Au1+
Nickel (II) Ni2+
Nickel
Nickel (III) Ni3+
Lead(II) Pb2+
Lead
Lead (IV) Pb4+
Plus many more

1. Name the following:


NiBr2
TiO2
HgO
Bi2O3
SnO2
AuCl3
V2O5
FeS
Sb2S3
2. Write formulas for the following:

uranium(IV) oxide

manganese (IV) oxide

cobalt(II) chloride

chromium (III) oxide

lead(IV) oxide

platinum (IV) chloride

titanium (IV) oxide

lead(IV) sulphide

iron (III) oxide

uranium (VI) fluoride

tin(II) fluoride

copper(II) sulphide

mercury(II) chloride

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