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It is a process by which we exchange meaning, facts, ideas, opinion or emotions

with other people. The word communicate has been derived from the Latin word
µcommunicare¶ which means to share or participate.

In some way or the other, knowingly or unknowingly, we are communicating. The

importance of communication is so much to the organisation that the very survival
of the business depends on it. Also it links the various components of the
organisation to the external world.

Hence, communication is like a glue that holds the organisation together


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i| rowth in the size of organisations.

i| rowth of trade unions.
i| rowing importance of human relations.
i| ÿublic relations.
i| Advancement in behavioural sciences.
i| Technological advancements

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mstablishing goals and spreading the message to the employees by leading,

motivating and encouraging people to put in their best.

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It has to be aware of the needs of the customers, availability of the suppliers, the
regulation of the overnment and the concerns of the society only through
effective communication.

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i| r ho) The person who wants to transmit the message.

i| *+R Sender choosing certain words or non-verbal cues to send a

message. It is known as encoding.
 i| + r hat) A message is any signal, sign or symbol that arouses the
response of a receiver

It can be

i| Verbal r ritten or spoken) Connected with words or use of words.

i| Non verbal rSilence, yawns, appearance etc).

$ rHow) mlectronic media, printed words, graphs or by sound r rite and
speak). Choice depends upon

i| Inter relationship between the sender and the receiver.

i| -istance
i| prgency
i| Number of receivers
i| Cost involve

'& *. Any person to whom the message is directed is known as a receiver.

6 . /*+ Attaching meaning to the words read or heard by the receiver is

called as decoding. Accuracy of decoding depends upon the individual experience
of the receiver.

*0 Receivers response or reaction to the communication sent by the sender

is feedback. hatever the response of a receiver to a sender is feedback. No
response is also a feedback. It is an important component of communication
process because ultimately the success or failure of communication is decided
based on the feedback received.
/,**

mvery organisation follows a certain hierarchy. So from the point of view of

direction or flow of communication we say that there are in all four kinds of
movement.Communication in an organisation is multidimensional or
multidirectional

i| -ownward
i| ppward
i| Horizontal/Lateral
i| -iagonal or Crosswise


*

i| NoiseR

Interference that occurs in a signal and prevents you from hearing sound properly.

rong interpretation of the message by the receiver is also known as noise.

Noise can be

i| ÿhysical
i| ÿhysiological
i| ÿsychological.
 i| Information overload
i| ÿoor listening
i| ÿoor retention

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i| Clarity of purpose
i| pse of symbols
i| ocusing on the needs of the receiver
i| pse of feedback Listening

i| Controlling of emotions
i| mlimination of noise
i| Clarifying assumptions
i| Avoidance of ambiguities
i| Completeness of message

i| Conciseness of expression

i| ÿroper use of body language.

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The word verbal means related with words and the use of words. ords are the
most powerful set of symbol. ords may be spoken or written.Spoken
communication or communication employing speech is known as oral
communication.
$  ! ** Oral communication comes spontaneously
and naturally whereas written communication requires a lot of effort. hatever has
been written, unless destroyed becomes permanent. ords spoken are likely to be
forgotten and hence written communication is a must.

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 | ÿrovides quick feedback.

 | Yuilds up friendly and co-operative spirit.

 | mffective tool of persuasion.

 | Saves time.

 | Listeners memory should be good.

 | In the absence of record, oral messages have no legal validity.

 | pnclear messages may be misunderstood.

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 | It provides records, references, etc. for decision making.

 | Legal defences.

 | Clear guidelines for working of the organisation

 | Responsibility can be easily assigned.

 | Ineffective if given in the hands of people with poor expression.

  | Absence of immediate clarification.

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Any communication without the use of words is known as non-verbal

communication.

Sign LanguageR rom time immemorial man has been using visual signs to convey
messages. m.g. ÿictures, drawings, sound etc.

³A ÿICTpRm IS ORTH A THOpSAN- OR-S´.

It is said that words often fail to convey the exact meaning, a drawing or a picture
makes a concrete impression.

i| Visual SignsR An organisation often make use of visual signs such as

posters, drawings, photographs, cartoons, caricatures, statues, etc, to convey
messages for general information or purpose.

i| ‘aps and -iagram ± ÿresentation

i| Colour ÿictures ± Tourism, Hotel and ‘otel Industries.
i| ‘ost of the visual signs speak a universal language understood by people all
over the world.

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e does not communicate through words alone ± speaking, writing etc.There are
various other ways to communicate and body plays a major role. The study of
communication through body is called KINmSICS which means body movements.
Yody language is the expression of our feelings and status. All our bodily
movements, gestures, postures, etc. are guided by our feelings and thought
processes. Just as language uses sets of symbols to convey meaning, our body,
consciously or unconsciously conveys moods, attitudes, etc

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Yy reading the signals sent out by ones body, we can tackle the issues at work and
at home before they become problem.

i| aceR ace is the index of mind.

i| mye contactR Indicates confidence, respect for others, etc.

i| esturesR ÿounding fist ± Anger,

 | Arms spread wide ± happiness

 | Shuffling of legs ± Nervousness.

i| HeadR Hold your head high. It¶s a sign of honour and self respect, confidence
and our interest in the person before us.

i| Yody shape and structureR

Our body shape and structure affect the way we think about ourselves and how we
relate to others and others relate to us. e have to take care that our body does not
send out wrong signals