PUSAT PENGAJIAN PENDIDIKAN JARAK JAUH

UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA

ACADEMIC SESSION 2010/2011

JIM 311 – VECTOR ANALYSIS

Assignment 1 - Solutions

i j k
1. b �c = 1 -1 2 = ( ( -1) .1 - 2.1) i - ( 1.1 - 2.3) j + ( 1.1 - ( -1) .3 ) k = -3 i + 5 j + 4 k .
3 1 1

i j k
(
a �( b �c ) = 1 2 3 = ( 2.4 - 3.5 ) ) i - 1.4 - 3. ( -3) ) j + ( 1.5 - 2. ( -3) ) k
-3 5 4
= -7 i - 13 j + 11k

b( a� b ) = b ( 1.3 + 2.1 + 3.1) - c ( 1.1 + 2. ( -1) + 3.2 ) = 8b - 5 c = -7 i - 13 j + 11k .

c) - c ( a�

2. (a) a �b = a - b
Cross multiply both sides on the left by a:
a �( a �b ) = a �( a - b )
= a �a - a �b

Similiarly ( a �b ) �b = a �b - b �b
= a �b
\ a �b = 0 Hence a=b

3. Let u = ( x, y, z ) .

Thus ( x, y, z ) �( 2,1, -1) = ( 1, 0, 0 ) �( 2,1, -1)

Hence ( - y - z , x + 2 z, x - 2 y ) = ( -1,1,1)
Equating corresponding components:
- y - z = -1
x + 2 z = 1�
� � y = - z = l , say
x - 2 y = 1�

1
 Hence ( x, y , z ) = ( 2l + 1, l - l )
where l �IR

b =�( a b ) (a b)
2
4. a ‫�״‬

( a �b ) �a �
=�
� ��
b using triple scalar product

( a �a ) b - ( b �a ) a �
=�
� ��
b using triple vector product

b -( b �
= a2b � a) a �
b
= a2b2 - ( a �
b)
2

5. (a) (i) The direction of r – a is parallel to b

r - a = lb
-4 � �2 � �
� -4 + 2 l �
� � �
10 �+ l �
r=� � �
10 - 3l �
-3�= � �
-
�4 � �
� � � � �1 � �- 4 + l �
�

-4 + 2l � �3 �
�
�
10 - 3l � �
-3�
(ii) � ��� �
�
�- 4 + l �
�� �
�1 �
-8 + 4l - 30 + 9l - 4 + l = 0
l =3
N is ( 2,1 - 1)

�2 � �2 � �-2�
�1 � � � �
-4 �
-3�= �
��
(b) � � �
�-
� �� � � �
1� �1 � -
� 8 �

�2 � �� 1
� �
c = �1 � ��
, d = ��
2 or any multiple
�
�-1�
� �� 4
��

6. (a) k component 2 + 4l = -2 � l = -1

2
 Note  = 2
Substituting their λ (or ) into equation of line and obtaining B
B: (2, 2, - 2)

�1 � �1 �
� � � �
(b) �-1�= 18; �-1�= 2
�4 � �0 �
� � � �

�1 ��1 �
�
�-1��
�-1�
�� �= 1 + 1 + 0�= 2
�4 ��0 �
� �� �
2 1
cos q = =
/18/2 3

uuu
r uuu
r2 uuu
r
(c) AB = -i + j - 4k � AB = 18 or AB = /18
uuur uuur 2 uuur
BC = 3i - 3 j � BC = 18 or BC = /18
uuu
r uuur
Hence AB = BC

uuur
(d) OD = 6i - 2 j + 2k

2
�� �1 �
uuu
r �� uuur � �
7. (a) AB = ��
1 , AC = �-2 �
��
2
�� �
�- 1�
�
3
�� 2
�� �1 �
�� ��
1 +�
1 + l �� -2 �
(b) plane P1 : r = �� � �
��
�� �� � �
2 ��
2 �-1 �

�-3���2
� �
-4 � ��
1 = -6 - 4 + 10 = 0
g��
(c) �
�
�5 ����
2
��

3
 �-3��1 �
�-4 �g�
-2 �
� � � �= -3 + 8 - 5 = 0
�
�5 ���-1�
� �

(d) 2x - 3y - z = 6

�2 �
�-3�
has normal � �
�-
� �1�

�-3��2 �
�-4 �g�
-3 �
� � � �= -6 + 12 - 5 = 1
�
�5 ���-1�
� �

50 14 cos q = 1
cos q = 0.03779K

q = 87.8o

8. (a) curl F = Ѵ F

=Ѵ ( 3x 2
y, x 3 + y 3 , 0 )

� � �
= �x �
y �z
3x 2 y x + y3
3
0

= ( 0, 0,3 x 2 - 3 x 2 )
=0
ie. Ѵ F = 0.

(b) Since Ѵ F = 0, there exist f such that �f = F

��
f �f �f �
�= ( 3x y, x + y , 0 )
2 3 3
Thus � , ,
��
x �y �z�

4
 �
f
= 3x 2 y � f = x3 y + h ( y, z )
�
x
�
f y4
= x3 + y 3 � f = x3 y + + g ( x, z )
�
y 4
�
f
=0 � f = C + k ( , y)
�z
y4
Hence f ( x, y ) = x 3 y + +C
4

2iˆ - ˆj + 2kˆ
9. (a) �f = 2 xiˆ + 2 yjˆ + 2 zkˆ, sˆ =
3
df 2iˆ - ˆj + 2kˆ 8
( 1, 2, 2 ) = 2 xiˆ + 2 yjˆ + 2 zkˆ � =
ds ( 1,2,2 ) 3 3

We first compute the gradient of f ( x, y, z ) = x - yz :

2
(b)

grad f = 2 xi - zi - zj - yk .
We substitute the point (4, 1, 2):
grad f ( 4,1, 2 ) = 8i - 2 j - k .
The equation of the tangent plane is
8 ( x - 4 ) - 2 y ( y - 1) - ( z - 2 ) = 0.

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