MODUL C

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)

GROUP ASSIGNMENT (GA)

RESELIENCE ASSESSMENT ON EARTHQUAKE THREAT

IN YOGYAKARTA URBAN AREA
Lecturer:
Iswari Nur Hidayati, M.Sc.

By:

 Dhoni Wicaksono 14/374125/PMU/8448

 Melisa P Todingan 14/371580/PMU/8249
 Mertiara Ratih Terry L 14/370612/PMU/8180
 Wahyu Widiyatmoko 14/370741/PMU/8199

Double Degree MSc Program

GEO-INFORMATION FOR SPATIAL PLANNING
AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

GRADUATED SCHOOL
GADJAH MADA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA
2014
INTRODUCTION
(RESELIENCE ASSESSMENT ON EARTHQUAKE THREAT IN YOGYAKARTA URBAN AREA)
An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The
surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane. The location below the earth’s surface
where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the
surface of the earth is called the epicenter1.

Yogyakarta city known as one of city that have an earthquake threat. Tectonic earthquake comes
from tectonic plates activity between Eurasia plates and Indo-Australia plates. This condition makes
southern part of Yogyakarta becomes high potential of earth quake disaster. 2006 earthquake have
been known as one of the national biggest disaster. Reports confirm over 5000 dead, over 15,000
injured while some 200,000 to 600,000 people were displaced2. Now days, Yogyakarta urban area
have a high development, this condition makes several land use change and more building density.
As the result, there are complicated road network developed and also irregular building pattern. This
condition will increase resilience condition of the earthquake damage and victim potential. High
density of building and complicated road network will be confusing people to escape during the
earthquake event. This situation makes open space area becomes very important need due to
disaster mitigation.

Geographic Information System (GIS) is one of technology that can create a resilience model in such
area due to earthquake hazard potential. To create a simple resilience model of earthquake
potential damage in urban area, we can use remote sensing data and combine with GIS. High
resolution of remote sensing data will help to identify element at risk. This information is a major
parameter to create resilience model. Building quality, building density, economic condition, road
network, open space area and public building can be classified using high resolution imagery.

To create model, we can use weighting and scoring method. By using this method, we can create
resilience classes due to several parameter that can be used. Resilience model, following this
formula :

R = 0,4(Score B)+0,25(Score R)+0,35(Score O)

Description :
B : Building Condition (Type, Density, Quality)
R : Distance to Road
O : Distance to Open Space Area

1
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php
2
http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/civil_protection/indo_2006.htm
METHOD

Figure 1. Analytical Diagram of Resilience Model

Weighting and Scoring

Building Type (S)

Feature Score The weighted scoring method, also known as 'weighting and scoring',
Public Building 1 is a form of multi-attribute or multi-criterion analysis. It involves
Type C 3
identification of all the non-monetary factors (or "attributes") that are
Type B 5
Type A 7 relevant to the project; the allocation of weights to each of them to
reflect their relative importance; and the allocation of scores to each
Distance to Road (R)
option to reflect how it performs in relation to each attribute. The
Feature Score
0-50 m 1 result is a single weighted score for each option, which may be used
50-100 m 2 to indicate and compare the overall performance of the options in
100< 3
non-monetary terms3 . There are tree parameter use in this method,

Distance to Open space Area (O)

there are : Building Type (S), Distance to Road (R) and Distance to

Feature Score Open space Area (O)

0-50 m 1
50-100 m 3
_____________________________
100< 5 3http://www.dfpni.gov.uk/eag-the-weighting-and-scoring-method
 Figure 2. Land Use Map
(Source : Quickbird Imagery of Yogyakarta)