Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION
PDVSA N° TITLE
APPD.BY José Gilarranz DATE MAR.87 APPD.BY Antonio Ortiz DATE MAR.87
Index
1 GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 Data Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.4 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.5 System of Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Codes, Standards and Regulatory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Gaskets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 Design Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 Design Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.7 Corrosion Allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 DESIGN DETAILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 Shells and Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2 Tubes and Tube Bundles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3 Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4 Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4 FABRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1 Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.2 Weld–Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3 Post Weld Heat Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4 Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5 TESTING AND NAMEPLATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.2 Nameplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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1 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
1.1.1 This specification together with the Exchanger Data Sheets and purchase
documents defines the minimum requirements to be met by the Seller in the
design, fabrication, inspection, testing and supply of double pipe heat
exchangers.
1.1.2 Double pipe heat exchangers shall include standard Double Pipe and Multi–Tube
Hair Pin type heat exchangers with either bare tube or longitudinal fin tube.
1.3 Drawings
Outline drawings shall be certified correct and shall show the following
information:
1.3.1 Applicable code and Owner’s specifications.
1.3.2 Nozzle size, rating, facing, reinforcing pad, locations and flow direction.
1.3.3 Support mounting dimensions and location.
1.3.4 Overall exchanger dimensions.
1.3.5 Tube bundle removal clearance.
1.3.6 Weights: exchanger empty, full of water and removable tube bundle.
1.3.7 Design pressure, test pressure, design temperature and corrosion allowance for
both sides of the exchanger.
1.3.8 Identification: service, Owner’s item number, project name and location, Owner’s
order number and Seller’s shop order number.
1.3.9 Post weld heat treatment, radiographic and other examination requirements.
1.3.10 Surface preparation and painting requirements.
1.3.11 Materials of construction for all major parts.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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1.3.12 Effective fin tube surface area, bare tube surface area, number of tubes and tube
rows.
1.3.13 Number and location of lifting lug.
1.3.14 Detail drawings.
Detail drawings shall include, but not limited to, the following:
a. Header details including nozzles and plugs, if used.
b. Cover details.
c. Bundle details, including tubes, tube supports.
d. Support details.
e. Gasket details.
f. Name plate details.
1.4 References
1.4.1 The latest revision of the following codes, standards..etc. shall form part of this
specification to the extent specified herein.
a. Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA) Standards.
b. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Section II Material Specifications
Section V Nondestructive Examination
Section VIII, Div. 1, Pressure Vessel
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
c. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
B2.1 Pipe Threads
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and Fittings.
d. Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC)
SP2 Hand Cleaning
SP3 Power Tool Cleaning
SP5 Blast Cleaning to “White” Metal
SP10 Blast Cleaning to “Near White Metal”
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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2 DESIGN
2.1 General
2.1.1 Specific performance design requirements shall be indicated by the Owner on the
Exchanger Data Sheet.
2.1.2 Water cooled units shall be designed so the cooling water flows through the tubes
unless specified otherwise by the Owner on the Exchanger Data Sheet.
a. For almiralty tubes and similars, water velocity through tubes shall be limited to
within the range 1,2–1,4 m/s (4 Ft/s – 4,6 Ft/s).
b. The maximum water velocity through carbon tubes shall not exceed 2,5 m/s (8,2
Ft/s).
In any case, the minimum water velocity through tubes shall be 1,0 m/s (3,3
Ft/s).
2.1.3 Tube bundles shall be removable without cutting.
2.1.4 When parallel/series streams are required, seller shall supply the required
manifold; interconnecting piping including gaskets and bolting where manifold
piping joins to unit connections.
2.1.5 Do not use fins on multi–tube elements when shell side requires mechanical
cleaning.
2.2.3 The requirements of the TEMA standards, the ASME Code and regulations
referred to therein shall be considered as minimum requirements.
2.2.4 Comply with all applicable Venezuelan laws and regulations.
2.3 Materials
2.3.1 The materials of construction for exchanger components shall be indicated by the
Owner on the Exchanger Data Sheets and shall be selected to produce an
economical design for the specified design service conditions.
2.3.2 Materials subject to internal or external pressure shall conform to the
specifications given in ASME Code Section II and the Exchanger Data Sheets or
other governing codes.
2.3.3 When specifying materials not covered by TEMA or ASME Code section II, the
Owner shall indicate the quality control procedure for such materials..
a. In this case, the Seller shall be responsible for abtaining quality control
certifications in accordance with 2.3 and 2.3.3.
2.3.4 Cast iron shall not be used for pressure retaining parts.
2.4 Gaskets
2.4.1 Gaskets shall be furnished in accordance with the Seller’s standards.
2.4.2 All materials selected by the Seller shall be subject to Owner’s approval.
2.4.3 Two complete sets of spare gaskets shall be furnished, at least.
3 DESIGN DETAILS
3.1 Shells and Channels
3.1.1 Shells shall be of one–piece construction whenever practical and shall be
fabricated of seamless or welded pipe.
3.1.2 All shells shall be provided with cast, forged or welded removable bolted shell
covers.
a. The bonnet type shell return cover is preferred over the flat cover type.
3.1.3 Channels may be of forged, cast or welded constructions.
3.1.4 Flanged joint closures shall have a minimum of four (4) 5/8 inch diameter stud
bolts.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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3.3 Connections
3.3.1 The inlet and outlet shell side connections shall be flanged, faced and drilled to
the ANSI pipe rating specified on the Exchanger Data Sheet.
3.3.2 Flange face finishes per ANSI B16.5 shall apply for Class 150 and Class 300
flanges operating between –100 °C and 400 °C.
a. for all other service conditions, a 125 micro inch or smoother lange face finish shall
apply.
3.3.3 Flanged nozzles shall consist of pipe nozzle necks with one of the following:
a. Forged welding neck flange with material matching the nozzle neck.
b. Slip–on type flanges shall not be allowed.
3.3.4 The normal and preferred tube side connections shall be the butt welded type.
3.3.5 The special two–bolt flanged connector and the union type tube side connection
are acceptable only for non–critical low pressure service.
3.3.6 Shell side nozzle gaskets and bolting and tube side crossover piping shall be
supplied for exchanger sections in a series hook–up.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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3.4 Supports
3.4.1 All saddle supports shall be removable.
3.4.2 Exchangers with tube length over 7.600 mm (24,9 Ft) shall have a minimum of
three supports.
3.4.3 Stacked exchangers having interconnecting nozzles shall be set up in the shop
and checked for nozzle match.
a. In no case shall the gasket faces of mating flanges be out of parallel by more than
1 mm (0.04 inch).
4 FABRICATION
4.1 Welding
4.1.1 Welding procedures, welder performance and welding processes shall be
qualified in accordance with the ASME Code Section IX and subject to Owner’s
approval.
4.1.2 Pressure holding seams and nozzle attachments shall have full penetration
welded butt joints or double fillet welds.
4.1.3 Single welded butt joints may be used only where double welded butt joints are
impractical.
4.1.4 Fins shall be attached to the pipe or tubes with a continuous resistance welding
process or equal process which causes no gouging or burn thru and assures a
good bond.
4.2 Weld–Inspection
4.2.1 Radiographing other than that required by the specified code shall be as specified
on the Exchanger Data Sheet.
4.2.2 Radiographic examination of butt welds shall be per the following:
4.2.4 Inspection of u–tube elements with circumferential butt welds shall be as follows:
a. A minimum of 10% of the welded joints, selected at random by the inspector, shall
be spot examined by radiograph.
b. Sampling shall be done progressively through the period of fabrication.
4.2.5 Pressure holding tee and other fillet welds shall be mag netic particle inspected
or checked by other approved methods to determine soundness of welds.
4.2.6 Brinell hardness of the base metal, the weld metal and the Heat Affected Zone
(HAZ) of all welds shall not exceed the limits given below:
a. These tests shall be made with a brinell testing machine or a portable hardness
tester such as elebrineller using a 10 mm ball. The hardness test of the HAZ shall
be made with the ball centered in the haz (representing a composity of weld metal,
HAZ, and the base metal).
NOTES:
1. Base metal hardness tests are not required on P–1 materials.
2. For units in hydrogen service, hardness value shall be limited to 200.
3. Except for sour water service to be 200.
b. Examinations shall be made in the presence of the Owner’s inspector to verify
complicance with the above hardness values.
4.3.4 All gasket faces and other machined surfaces shall be checked after heat
treatment and/or fabrication for freedom from warpage, distortion, oxidation and
unbroken serrations.
4.3.5 If heating with induction or resistance element is employed, the Owner’s prior
written approval is required.
4.4 Tolerances
4.4.1 Dimensional tolerances for nozzles and supports shall be limited to ± 4 mm (0,16
inch).
4.4.2 Special care shall be exercised in truing up interconnecting nozzle flanges when
exchangers are stacked in series.
5.2 Nameplate
5.2.1 A stainless steel nameplate shall be provided with the following minimum
information:
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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6.2 Carbon steel surfaces other than flange faces and other machined surfaces shall
have scale removed, cleaned of oil, grease or other foreingn matter and painted
in accordance with the Engineering Specification “Painting Material and
Application Requirements PDVSA O–201, Para. 5.8.1.
6.3 All exposed gasket surfaces shall be protected with rust preventive coating before
applying protective shipping cover. Protective cover shall be specified by the
Owner.
6.3.1 Unpainted machined surfaces shall be protected for corrosion during shipment
and subsequent outdoor/indoor storage by coating with rust preventive equal to
those shown below.
ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION PDVSA EA–202–PR
REVISION FECHA
PDVSA DOUBLE PIPE HEAT
EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT 1 OCT.94
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NOTES:
1. Grade selection to be based on expected exposure, removability requirements, etc.
2. After coating, suitable time shall be allowed for the protective film to set (cooling down of hot–dip
products and solvent evaporation of solvent–cutback products). the coated parts shall then be
wrapped in heavy, moisture–proof paper.
3. The oil–type rust preventives listed are viscosity (79 SSU at 100 °F or 14 CST at 40 °C) products
that provide a suitable coating for normal conditions.
6.4 Weld end and socket weld connections will be coated with deoxaluminite prior to
adding the protective covers.
6.5 The Owner’s order number and exchanger number shall be prominently marked
on the side of the shell with white paint in legible block letters 300 mm high, or as
large as the equipment will permit.
6.6 Marking paint used on austenitic equipment shall contain no metallic pigments or
free chlorides.
6.7 Post weld heat treated shells shall be marked “DO NOT WELD”.
6.8 In case of long period for shipping and following storage, the use of a desiccant
material (silice gel or similar) is recommended.