PAPER II.

ADVANCES IN GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES_

UNIT-I : GEOCHEMISTRY
Geochemistry and its application to geological problems in Archaean rocks
Distribution of Trace elements in different rock types and their significance in petrological
studies of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Gneiss - Granulite terrain:
distribution in space and time - 0rigin and evolution - geochemistry and isotope data.
Mineralization in the Archaean High grade regions.

~ HYDROGEOLOGY
Brief account of drainage morpffometry and basin analysis Duality of Ground
Water - physical,
chemical and biowgicaf consffmmW d Gmundwafer Water qualify criteria for ddnking,
indusfnaf and imgation
purposes. Flow net analysis - saturated and unsaturated flow Mt - seepage flow.
Hydroloflic budgets - hill
slope hydrology and stream flow generaOon - Gmundwafer in Crystalline and
Sedimentary systerffs-
Pie tests- Pumping tests- Basin yield. Sea wafer intmsk:Iff. Groundwater CofftafffinabOff
and remedial
measures.

UNIT.III; ENVIRONMENTAL
GEOLOGY
Fundamental concepts of Environmental Geofof;|y.. Renewable energy sources-
Geothermal
resources- solar energy-. Atomic energy Tidal energy-Water power-Wind power- Energy
from Biomass-Energy
and water demand-Energy for tomorrow-Air poflutioff and global climaBc change Waste
Disposal methods-
lnDuence of Geology and Geography on Oisease- Water wmpositiofl and cardiovascular
health Soy and
Cancer Endemic goifre- Osteoporosis- Dental cavi6es - Cardiovascular mortality.

UNIT-
fV:GEOPHYSICS

GeoPhysicaf Methods: GeoMysicaf survey design and field work - base stations
and nefwoffls - types of
geoPhysicaf data, Brief outline of the app8cafWn and ublity of the following geophysical
methods; gravity
method, magnetic method, electrical method, seismic method, EM method, Ground
Panetrabnfl Radar and well
lagging techniques.

UNIT - V: REMOTE SENSING

AND GIS
Remote Sensing: Brief account of remote sensing methods applied for; drainage
patterns and
groundwater exPlorabon, mineral exploration, tectonic geornorpholofly, and engineering
structures Mofpflometry
Unit-II- HYDROGEOLOGY
Brief account of drainage morphometry and basin analysis Quality of Ground
Water physical, chemical and biological constituents Groundwater. Water quality criteria
or drinking, industrial and irrigation purposes. Flow net analysis saturated and
unsaturated flow Mt - seepage flow. Hydroloflic budgets - hill
slope hydrology and stream flow generaOon - Gmundwafer in Crystalline and
Sedimentary systerffs-
Pie tests- Pumping tests- Basin yield. Sea wafer intmsk:Iff. Groundwater CofftafffinabOff
and remedial
measures.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
UNIT I

Purpose and scope of research - methods of research: deductive and inductive methods.
Selection d research topic: Back gmufkf study - ldenOOcafmn and elabo5ffon of probfem Libfory research -
preparabfm d working outline and life5lufe survey. Pmpara6on of research raped- ScienffOc writing: IMRAD
formaL Abstfacf and writing. Methods of tabulating dafo and preparing ill - Style of Writf`ng-
Fiekf methods d geologk5f i.mms59mmfm - Pmparafkm of Field Reports Use of Computers and multimedia
in _. presentaBon and analysis of data.
UNfT U

Methods of recording outcrop attitude data in field geology. Outline of different guides used in Mineral
e Methods of data collecOofl - Primary and secondary data .Sampling methods and techniques applied
to geological materials Crocks, minerals, ores and fossils) - - - reduction of sample for
analysis (physical separation, coning and quartering, and solution methods) Water sample
collection techniques: open well, bore weft, stream and lake water.
UNIT IR

Modem techniques of chemical investigation of minerals and rocks using Spectrophotometer

Flame photometer, . and AAS,. ICP MS - Outline of coal petrography. Outline of ore microscopy and ore
petrography. Nuclear Geoloffy-, Nuclear devices and techniques -Isotope age dating - Stable Isotopes - Cosmic
ray induced ify.
UNIT fV

Sedimafftologfca| techniques -' size and shape deteninabon of grains in clasbc rocks and their
graphic representabons-Heavy mineral analysis Paieontofofficaf and Micropaleontological techniques
pertain.ing to micmfossfls (Forammife5, Ostrocoda, Spores and Pollen) Field sampling and cooecbon
~ of micfofossifs~
UNItT V

Applications of Remote Sensing to oil and Mineral Exploration -Groundwater Management - Geo-.
enWonmen5f studies, landslides - Introduction to GIS and ifs applicaffons - Map Components-Preparation of
toPoff5phfc, Geologic, Geomojhic, Land use and Soil maps -bathymetric maps - Geological laboratory.
PreParatmn of thin sections of geobgical materials Brief account of mineral idenbbcation techniques Using
the ~ ~ ~~~ ~ .

REFERENCEBOOKS
1' Kothad,C R (2004). Research Methodology; Methods and Techniques. New Age international,New
Delhi.4O1pp.
2. Kumar,R (2005). Research Methodology -A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners
(2nd ed.) Pearson Educahon,Singapore.
3' Bames,J'W & Lislo,J R (2004) Basic Geological Mapping (4th ed,). Wiley & Sons,New Delhi, lg8pp.
4 ' BanerjeeP 'K. & GhQsfl S.C. (1997), Elements of Prospecting for Non Feuf Mineral Deposits, Applied
Publishing,Chennaf. 32Opp.

5' Arogyaswamy,RN.P. (1980), Courses in Mining Geology. IBH Publications New Delhi, g27pp
5' Hota,R N (2011) Geochemical Analysis, CBS. New Delhi, 115pp
7' Hota,R N (2011) P5cbcaf Approach to Crystallography and Mineralogy CBS. New Delhi. 202pp
8' Hota,R N (2011) Practical Approach to Petrology CBS New Delhi. 15f)pp

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