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MÓDULO IX
“La palabra es la droga más poderosa utilizada por la humanidad” Rudyard Kipling
En este módulo veremos cómo al agregar una letra o un grupo de letras a una palabra cambia su significado y/o su
función. Me refiero al uso de prefijos y sufijos.
Un prefijo es una letra o un grupo de letras que se agregan al comienzo de una palabra. Al comprender el
significado de los prefijos más comunes podremos deducir el significado de las nuevas palabras.
Sufijo de verbos
-ate Become( atransformarse) eradicate
-en Become( transformarse) enlighten
-ify, -fy make or become( hacer o transformarse) terrify
-ize, -ise Become ( transformarse) civilize
Sufijos de adjetivos
-able, -ible capable of being( capaz de ser) edible, presentable
-al pertaining to( perteneciente a) regional
-esque reminiscent of( reminiscente de) picturesque
-ful notable for (notable por) fanciful
-ic, -ical pertaining to( perteneciente a) musical, mythic
-ious, -ous characterized by ( caracterizado por) nutritious, portentous
-ish having the quality of (tener la calidad de) fiendish
-ive having the nature of (tener la naturaleza) creative
-less Without (sin) endless
-y characterized by (caracterizado por) sleazy
Un sufijo derivativo indica que tipo de palabra se forma (como por ejemplo cuando se agrega ly a un
adjetivo para formar un adverbio)
Un sufijo inflexional indica algo sobre el comportamiento gramatical de la palabra (como por ejemplo,
agregar la s a un sustantivo para formar su forma plural)
Ahora vamos a aplicar la teoría a la práctica
1 wrap -------------
2 use
3 agree
4 engage
5 behave
6 understand
7 fold
8 spell
9 connect
10 close
9. I think that you should your decision. It may not be the best thing to do. (consider)
10 You need a of motivation, organization and hard work to realize your dreams.
(combine)
Comprensión lectora
Lee el siguiente artículo y luego realiza las actividades sugeridas
A Defining quality
In 1980, a television documentary in the US entitled If Japan Can, Why can’t we? announced
that it had discovered the secret of Japanese competitive success: quality. Japanese companies
were successfully dominating world markets because they had a quality system that allowed
them to produce better products than their US rivals.
What was more, the documentary said, the Japanese had learned this quality system from US
experts such as W Edwards Deming and Joseph Juran. What US and other western businesses
had to do now was relearn the techniques of quality management.
The central problem revolves around an understanding of what “quality” is and how far the
concept can be applied across the organization. Definitions can vary, but it is generally
accepted that the three elements which constitute quality are fitness of the design, conformity
to specification and satisfying customer needs.
Today, quality is most often defined by the reaction of the customer who buys and uses the
product. If the customer is satisfied, so the theory goes, the product is of sufficient quality.
However, a strategy based on no more than meeting customer expectations is a dangerous
one, as it opens the door to rivals that may produce better products.
Financial Times
B Quality in manufacturing
“The design for each component embodies the intentions of its designer. So conformity to
specification means putting these intentions into practice when we make the components. Put
another way, this is elimination of variation.
We pay great attention to accuracy. The components must be made to very strict tolerances-
the measurements must be not more or less than particular limits to within a fraction of a
millimeter.”
C Quality in services
“In services, there is a parallel situation to one in manufacturing. The service received by the
customer must be exactly what is planned and intended, and annoying mistakes, for example
in accounts, must be avoided.
From the customer’s point of view, quality could be defined in terms of customer approval,
that is, recognition that we are satisfying customer needs and customer expectations. And if
we exceed those expectations, there may even be customer delight.”
Staying
Rasing
B En la lectura A, inicio del segundo párrafo te encuentras con una frase conectora. Analízala
C en ese mismo párrafo encontrarás una palabra que tiene un sufijo que significa: “volver a”
¿cuál es?
D en el cuarto párrafo de la misma lectura se encuentra una oración resaltada. Di que tipo de
oración es (simple, compuesta o compleja) y da razón de tu respuesta
. If the customer is satisfied, so the theory goes, the product is of sufficient quality.
F. En la lectura B encontrarás tres palabras resaltas. Di como están formadas( si tienen prefijos
o sufijos ) y da su significado dando razón de tu elección
cristina.deortuzar@umsa.edu.ar