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Short Radius

Horizontal Drilling and Completion System


Short Radius Applications, Technology and Experience

Short radius drilling and comple- Engineered Planning,


Short Radius System tion technology can improve
production in a variety of applica- Comprehensive Technology
Advantages tions. Baker Hughes INTEQ plans each
project from the reservoir up, so all
• Worldwide short radius Short radius wells are effective at systems and procedures work
experience leads industry re-entering existing wellbores to together to meet the project’s
bypass depleted zones and to tap objectives.
• Completion-up engineering more of the reservoir formation. In
provides systems that meet many cases, a short radius lateral Our short radius technology
reservoir needs can be an economical alternative to includes advanced short radius
a hydraulic fracturing job. motor systems, MWD systems for
• Consistent 40ft (12m) directional and gamma-ray measure-
radius reaches production High build-up rates make the ments, fluid systems to promote
short radius well profile ideal for drilling efficiency and limit forma-
close to vertical hole developing shallow reservoirs and tion damage, and completion
• MWD system provides small leases. The tight turning techniques to maximize production.
directional, gamma radius also is effective at solving In addition, we offer whipstock and
water or gas coning problems, milling technology to efficiently exit
readings in 40ft (12m) hitting thin horizons, and at placing casing, and a full line of PDC and
radius wells multiple laterals in separate zones of tri-cone drill bits for optimum ROP
• Integrated system provides interest. in any formation.
easy re-entry into existing In some cases, the short radius Experienced engineers and field
wellbores profile also enables drillers to place personnel plan each well, implement
both the curve and lateral section the drilling and completion programs
• Ideal for small leases and within the payzone. Drillers then and provide daily rig-site supervision.
shallow reservoirs can keep critical operations out of Engineering support is available
problem zones and set casing at the regionally to help plan unusual jobs
• Multiple laterals from top of the pay for zonal isolation and solve problems should they occur.
single vertical wellbore without use of a packer.
This combination of engineered
well planning, advanced technology,
Industry Leading Experience and skilled operations personnel has
Baker Hughes INTEQ has the made Baker Hughes INTEQ the
industry’s broadest experience at most successful short radius supplier
applying short radius technology. in the industry.
Since1989, Baker Hughes INTEQ
has used its short radius
motor system to drill
more than 200 horizon- 195
tal wells throughout the
world. This is in addi-
tion to the more than Cumulative Worldwide
3,000 medium radius Short Radius Wells
wells we have helped Drilled
drill and complete over
the past decade. 86

11 29
3 6
‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94
Short Radius System Components

Baker Hughes INTEQ offers a comprehensive package of advanced equip-


ment, products and services for every stage of short radius operations.
Planning the Short Radius Project

Baker Hughes INTEQ works closely


with oil company staff to plan
coordinated, systems-engineered
short radius operations.
For best results, a short-radius well
is planned from the bottom up. A
review of production history, logs,
DST results, core samples, laboratory
tests and reservoir simulations can
lead to a good understanding of the
reservoir’s characteristics. This
information can help planners design
the right well placement, lateral
length, fluid system and completion
configuration.
It also is important to understand
formation conditions above the
reservoir. Problem zones, for example,
may dictate the kickoff point and
curve radius needed to place a Baker Hughes INTEQ’s short
horizontal section in the target zone. radius system has been
successful in both new-well
Next, the drilling engineer can
and re-entry applications.
plan the directional well profile.
Our engineers use advanced direc-
tional and drilling engineering
software to plan the optimum well
profile, and design the best hydrau-
lics program for the well.
Fluid Systems Lost circulation material should be
Short radius well designs also must In short radius wells, drill-in fluid pumped only as an emergency
accommodate the smaller tubulars may be needed to prevent excessive measure.
and the circulation, hole cleaning fluid loss in depleted formations and While oil based drilling fluids also
and well control requirements of in the pay zone. These fluids have can be used, motor on bottom time
smaller diameter holes. excellent drilling fluid properties is reduced as the bottomhole
and can prevent hole problems temperature increases. Performance
Rig Considerations associated with depleted zones. can be improved by choosing an oil
Rig selection can be a major factor Drill-in fluids can be removed easily base fluid whose aniline point is
in short radius project success. To from the producing formation, with greater than the bottomhole tem-
realize the cost benefits of using a excellent return permeabilities once perature. Aromatic content should
smaller drilling rig or a workover production begins. be kept below 10%.
rig, the rig must have adequate mast
Short radius motors are compatible The use of air, mist or an aerated
ratings, pump capacity and handling
with most drilling fluids, as long as fluid must be reviewed by Baker
tools. Triplex pumps are recom-
they are within specifications. Sand Hughes INTEQ prior to the job.
mended, and a good backup pump
content should be less than 3%.
is required. In addition, the crew
Solids should be kept to a minimum.
should be familiar with drilling
operations, even when a workover
rig is selected.
Short Radius Horizontal Drilling System

Baker Hughes INTEQ introduced Short Radius Motor


Short Radius Motor the first short radius motor system Our short radius motor is a
Features and continues to lead the industry powerful PDM which can be
in the development and application configured with multiple power
• Worldwide experience of horizontal drilling technology. sections. A sealed bearing section
leads industry The short radius motor system can contributes to long operating life.
• Widest variety of achieve build-up rates from 0.57º- The motor’s articulated design
1.4º per foot with associated turning includes flexible knuckle joints that
motor/hole size/radius enable it to bend to drill tight,
radii from 40-100 ft (12-30 m).
combinations With directional control provided predictable curvatures. The joints
• High-torque motor by an MWD system or steering tool, also permit the motor to pass
these motors can drill horizontal through the drilled radius without
available with multiple developing bending moments in the
sections exceeding 1,500 ft (450 m).
power sections motor components.
• Tools produce consistent Short Radius
40ft (12m) build rates and Rotary mode improves ROP
pass easily through curve
Build Rates Through recent technical ad-
vances, the short radius system has
12 m 18 m 30 m
• Sealed bearing pack gained the advantages of a fully-
gives longer operation steerable system. Now, in wells with
downhole 100 ft (30 m) or larger radii, short
radius tools can be operated in both
• Rotary drilling capability the oriented and rotary modes.
in 100ft (30m) radius Drillstring rotation greatly improves
wells* ROP and enhances directional
control and can increase lateral
• Compatible with short displacement capability.
radius MWD and steering The short radius tools can be used
tool systems in a rotary mode if properly config-
ured and matched with tubulars that
• Wide variety of bits For well profiles with 40-60 ft can withstand the fatigue stresses
available for all (12-18 m) radii, all drilling is caused by rotary operation. Pro-
formations performed in the oriented mode, posed rotary applications require
without drillstring rotation. P-105 detailed analysis and careful rig-site
* Each potential project tubing typically is used as the supervision.
requires specific evaluation. drillstring for these wells. On wells Short radius motor rotary wells
with 100 ft (30 m) or larger radii, drilled to date have achieved an
drillstring rotation is possible using average displacement of more than
a carefully designed drilling program. 1,500 ft (450 m). API 3¹⁄₂" drill
pipe has been used for string
rotation.
Articulation Point

Tilt Angle
Stabilizer

Full Gage Bit

Bypass Valve and


Upper Assembly
Power Unit
(Mulitple or single,
configuration dependent) Bearing Pack
Near Bit
(Steering Assembly)
Stabilizer

Short Radius Motor

Short Radius Motor Specifications


MOTOR TYPE R-18 R-12, R-18 R-12 R-30 R-30

Motor O.D. (Radii) 3¹⁄₈" (18m) 3³⁄₄" (12-18m) 4³⁄₄" (12m) 4³⁄₄" (30m) 6¹⁄₂" (30m)

ITEM U.S. METRIC U.S. METRIC U.S. METRIC U.S. METRIC U.S. METRIC

Flow Rate (gpm/lpm) 80 - 160 300 - 600 130 - 185 500 - 700 130 - 230 500 - 850 130 - 230 500 - 850 265 - 480 1000 -1800

Bit Speed (rpm) 182 - 365 182 - 365 210 - 370 210 - 370 150 - 255 150 - 255 150 - 225 150 - 225 170 - 220 170 - 220

Max. Diff. Press. (psi/bar)* 600 40 683 48 341 24 512 36 430 30

Op. Torque (ft-lb/Nm) 440 600 679 920 605 820 1048 1420 2150 2900

Max. HP (hp/kw) 30 22 48 36 30 22 43 32 90 65

Length (ft/m) 14 4.3 17 5.2 12 3.2 18 5.5 18 5.5

Box Up Conn. (in) 3 CDP 2 ⁷⁄₈ PH-6 2 ⁷⁄₈ PH-6 NC 38 NC 38

Make Up Torque (ft-lb/Nm) 2650 3630 3500 4745 3500 4745 12,800 17,360 12,800 17,360

Box Down Conn. (in) 2 ³⁄₈ reg. 2 ³⁄₈ or 2 ⁷⁄₈ 3¹⁄₂ reg. 3¹⁄₂ reg. 4¹⁄₂ reg.

Make Up Torque (ft-lb/Nm) 3500 4800 3500 - 4745 5700 - 7726 9400 12,750 9400 12,750 15,400 20,900

Hole Sizes (in) 3 ⁷⁄₈ & 4¹⁄₄ 4 ¹⁄₂ - 4 ³⁄₄ 5 ⁷⁄₈ - 6 ¹⁄₈ 5 ⁷⁄₈ - 6 ¹⁄₈ 8 ³⁄₈

Radius (ft/m) 60+ 18+ 40 - 60 + 12 - 18+ 40 - 60+ 12 - 18+ 82+ 25+ 100+ 30+

Max. Op. Temp. (°F/°C) 260 127 260 127 260 127 260 127 260 127
*Dynamometer values, downhole values may differ.
Short Radius MWD Technology

Baker Hughes INTEQ offers The tool’s patented flexible


NaviGamma SR MWD measurement-while-drilling technol- tandem joints enable it to follow the
ogy as part of its overall solution to drilled curve and perform reliably in
Features short radius operations in both short radius wellbores. With a
• Modular design allows re-entry and new well applications. modular design, the probe can be
optimal sensor placement configured to place either the
NaviGamma SR MWD System directional or gamma ray sensor
• System is compact The NaviGamma® SR MWD closest to the bit, as needed for
and mobile system is an enhanced version of the curve drilling or geosteering
standard NaviGamma MWD system. operations. Likewise, data transmis-
• Based on proven, reliable Housed in a 1³⁄₄" OD (4.45 cm) sion schemes can be customized to
systems probe, this MWD instrument emphasize directional control or
provides wellbore inclination, formation data.
• Patented flexible tandem
azimuth, toolface and formation The NaviGamma SR surface
joints permit operation in gamma ray measurements in wells equipment is compact, mobile and
40 ft (12 m) radius wells. with radii as tight as 40 ft (12 m). requires no special modification to
• MWD enhances safety These readings are used for directional rig equipment. The surface package
control, surveying and lithology includes a PC with chart recorder
compared to wireline determination. The gamma ray sensor and printer and an explosion-proof
steering tools also provides a geosteering capability remote driller’s display, which
• Battery powered for more in short radius applications. provides real time data at the rig
floor. This equipment, and the
than 200 hrs of operation
probe-based downhole tools, can be
• Operates to 150°C (302°F) deployed easily and rigged up quickly
in the most remote locations.
• Available in 3¹⁄₈”,
3⁷⁄₈” and 4³⁄₄” sizes

The NaviGamma system’s


patented flexible tandem
joints assure reliable
operation in short radius
wells.
NaviGamma vs. Steering Tool
The NaviGamma SR system has
significant safety and operational advan-
tages over wireline steering tool opera-
tions. By eliminating the wireline and
side-entry sub, the system simplifies
operations, enhances well control,
permits continuous circulation and allows
for drillstring rotation in the right
applications.
In some shallow and short displacement
horizontal wells, a wireline steering tool
may be the best option for directional
control and surveying. In these applica-
tions, Baker Hughes INTEQ can offer a
complete package of surface and
downhole equipment, integrated with the NaviGamma surface equipment at the wellsite.
short radius drilling system.

General Tool Specifications


Probe OD: 1³⁄₄" (4.45 cm)

Positive Pulser Flow Sub Size: 3¹⁄₈", 3⁷⁄₈", & 4³⁄₄" (7.94 cm,
9.84 cm, and 12.07 cm)
Collar Size: 3¹⁄₈", 3³⁄₄", & 4³⁄₄" (7.94 cm,
9.53 cm, and 12.07 cm)
Probe Length (nominal): 29 ft (8.84 m) Dir./33ft (10.1 m) Gamma
Weight (nominal): 200 lbs (90.7 Kg)
Pulser Driver Equivalent Stiffness,
OD x ID: As applicable to NMDC & CSDP
Dogleg Severity
(non-rotating): Max: 1.5°/ft (4.9°/m)
Temperature: Operating: 4° to 302°F (-20° to 150°C)
Survival: -67° to 329°F (-55° to165°C)

Power Source: Lithium Battery

Battery Packs Operating Time: 200 Hours Steering & 200+ Hours Rotary
Pressure: 20,000 psi (138 MPa)
Mud Flow-Rate Range: 75 - 300 gpm, (5 - 19 L/s)
(Varies with pulser O.D.)
Vibration: 30 g peak sine, 50 to 500 Hz
Shock: 1000 g, 0.5 ms, ¹⁄₂ sine
Telemetry Type: Positive
Flow Switch
Other Sensors Available: Tool Temperature

Digital Attitude Sensor


Operating Specifications
Toolface Update Rate*: 12, 18, or 24 sec.
Gamma Gamma Ray Update Rate*: 12,18, or 24 sec.

Complete Survey Transmission*: 80, 120, or 160 sec.


Complete Raw Data Transmission*: 120, 180,or 240 sec.

* Transmission rates are field-selectable which allows flexibility in data reception.


Short Radius Completions Match Formation Needs

Baker Oil Tools provides a variety of


short radius completion options to meet
reservoir and production requirements. Open
hole completions have been most common.
In these applications, the drilling program
and fluid system used to drill in the payzone
should be carefully designed to minimize
formation damage and maximize return
permeability.
Short radius completions also can include
slotted liners and prepack screens, which can
be installed with liner hangers and external Large ID allows unrestricted
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production and large washpipe
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Damage-Tolerant Screen*
Circulating Gravel Pack*
* These short radius completion systems
are currently under study. Please ask
your Baker Oil Tools Specialist
for details.

Baker SlimPack Prepack Screen

Most Comprehensive Solutions For Short Radius Wells


Whether your program calls for re-entries or new wells, Baker
Hughes INTEQ can apply its experience and technology to make your
Short short radius project a success. To learn how our comprehensive
Radius approach to wellbore construction can improve your results, contact
the Baker Hughes INTEQ representative nearest you.
Baker Hughes INTEQ

Headquarters: 2001 Rankin Road, P.O. Box 670968, Houston, Texas 77267-0968, Tel: (713) 625-4200, Fax: (713) 625-5800
Eastern Hemisphere Business Unit: 455 London Road, Isleworth, Middlesex, TW7 5AA, U.K., Tel: (44) 0181-560-3160, Fax: (44) 0181-585-3268
Western Hemisphere Business Unit: 2001 Rankin road, P.O. Box 670968, Houston, Texas 77267-0968, Tel: (713) 625-4200, Fax: (713) 625-5800

©1999 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. 600-001 5/97

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