Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Dr Hassan Mujtaba
Apparent Cohesion
• Where the soil grains are from about 5 to
0.05mm (coarse to fine sand), the presence of
a small amount of water can alter the
engineering behaviour considerably.
• The surface tension of water at conditions of
degree of saturation less than 100% (S <<
100%) is sufficient to restrict particle
movement in this size range, producing an
“apparent cohesion” which disappears when
the soil dries out.
2
Apparent Cohesion
• Practically, apparent cohesion allows near
vertical sand cuts or greater mobility of rubber
tired vehicles over damp sand.
• Apparent cohesion inhibits soil packing or
produces what is commonly termed
BULKING
3
Problem 1
6
Solution
7
Solution
• Water table 6.0 m below ground level
– Total stress = 60 kPa
– Pore water = -30 kPa
– Effective stress = 90 kPa
• Water surface 3 m above ground level
– Total stress = 90 kPa
– Pore water = 60 kPa
– Effective stress = 30 kPa
8
Problem 3
• The concrete bridge pier as shown in the figure
is 4 m tall, it has an area of 10 m2 and carries a
load of 1 MN. (The unit weight of concrete is
20 kN/m3.) The pier is founded on a bed of
tidal river where there is at least 5.0 m of sand
with a unit weight of 20 kN/m3. The river bed
is at low tide level and at high tide there is 3 m
depth of water.
9
Solution
10
Solution
13
Solution