Science Form 5

CHAPTER : NUTRITION & FOOD PRODUCTION

2.3 The Nitrogen Cycle & Its Importance

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Inforcement Exercise

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Objective Questions

1 Diagram shows the root of a plant.

Rajah menunjukkan akar bagi suatu pokok.

Root Nodule PermukaanTanah

Akar Nodule Soil Surface

Name the plant that has this root system.

Namakan tumbuhan yang mempunyai akar sebegini.

A Maize plant C Hibiscus plant

Pokok jagung Pokok bunga raya
B Jackfruit plant D Groundnut plant
Pokok nangka Kacang tanah

2 Why the nitrogen cycle is important?

Apakah kepentingan kitar nitrogen?

I It maintains the concentration of nitrogen in the air

Ia mengekalkan kedudukan nitrogen dalam udara
II It ensures a continuous source of protein
Ia memastikan sumber protein berterusan
III It increases water pollution
Ia meningkatkan pencemaran air

A I only C I and III only

I sahaja I dan III sahaja
B I and II only D II and III only
I dan II sahaja II dan III sahaja

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3 Diagram illustrates part of a nitrogen cycle.

Rajah menjelaskan bahagian dalam kitar nitrogen.

Eaten by animals
Dimakan oleh haiwan
P R
Absorbed
Q by roots
Diserap
oleh akar
S
State the letter that represents nitrates.
Nyatakan bahagian yang mewakili nitrat.

A P C Q
B R D S

4 A farmer finds that his land is infertile. Which natural method can be used to overcome
this problem ?
Seorang petani mendapati tanahnya tidak subur. Apakah kaedah semul jadi yang dapat
digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini ?

A Add chemical fertilizer

Menambah baja kimia
B Plant leguminous plants
Menanam tumbuhan kekacang
C Cultivate terraced planting
Menanam tanaman berteres
D Build a good drainage system
Membina system saliran yang baik

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5 Diagram shows a process that takes place in the nitrogen cycle.

Rajah menunjukkan proses yang terdapat dalam kitar nitrogen.

Ammonium compound → nitrites → nitrates

Sebatian ammonia →nitrit → nitrat

What is the name of this process?

Apakah nama proses tersebut?

A Nitrification C Decomposition
Nitrifikasi Penguraian
B Denitrification D Nitrogen fixation
Denitrifikasi Pengikatan nitrogen

6 The following equation is a chemical reaction in plant.

Berikut menunjukkan persamaan suatu tindak balas kimia dalam tumbuhan.

Sun Light
Water Cahaya Matahari Glucose Oxigen
Y + Air Glukosa + Oksigen
Chlorophyll
klorofil

What is Y?
Apakah Y?

A Oxygen C Hydrogen
Oksigen Hidrogen
B Nitrogen D Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen Karbon dioksida

7. The role of denitrifying bacteria is to change

A. nitrate to protein C. ammonium to nitrate
B. protein to nitrate D. ammonium compound to nitrate compound

8. Which of the following is true about bacteria in root nodule of the legume?
A. change nitrogen gas in the atmosphere to nitrate
B. change ammonium to nitrite
C. change nitrite to nitrate
D. change nitrate to nitrite

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9. Which statement describes a plant as a producer?

A. the dead plant is decomposed
B. the plant is a source of food for the animals
C. the plant released oxygen during photosynthesis
D. The plants grow healthier with sufficient nutrient.

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Subjective Questions

1 Diagram 2 shows the simple nitrogen cycle.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan kitar nitrogen ringkas.
Nitrogen in
atmosfere
Gas Nitrogen
di udara

X
Y
X : ...............................
Y : ................................... Animal
Haiwan

Plant Ammonium compound

Tumbuhan Sebatian ammonium
Nirogen-Fixing Bacteria
Bakteria pengikat nitrogen

Nitrate in the soil

Nitrat
dalam tanah

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

(a) Complete X and Y in Diagram 2 using the information given in the boxes.
Lengkapkan X dan Y pada Rajah 2 dengan menggunakan maklumat di bawah.

Lightning (Kilat)
Nitrifying Bacteria (Bakteria penitritan)
Denitrifying Bacteria (Bakteria pendenitritan)

[2 marks]

(b) What is the role of Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in Diagram 2 ?

Apakah peranan bakteria pengikat nitrogen pada Rajah 2?

.....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

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(c) How does nitrate compound transfered to the plant ?

Bagaimanakah sebatian nitrat dapat dipindahkan ke dalam tumbuhan?

.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(d) Name the bacteria which converted ammonium compund to nitrate compund in the
soil.
Namakan bakteria yang menukarkan sebatian ammonium kepada sebatian nitrat
dalam tanah.

......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(e) Name another nature cycle besides the cycle above.

Namakan satu kitar semulajadi selain daripada kitar di atas.

.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Question 2

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Question 3

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Question 4

Figure 2 shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

Figure 2

a. Name substance X in figure 2

b. What are the microorganism involved in process K and L

K:

L:

c. Where do the bacteria involved in process K live ?

d. What fertilizer can be added into soils to increase nitrogen content in soil?

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