Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
of Building physics
►Diffusion/Moisture protection
►Noise protection
Examples of application of Building physics
Content Page
Block A: Diffusion/Moisture protection
1. Wall corner 14
2. Concrete column 16
3. Window connection 18
4. Floor with balcony connection and a flat roof 20
5. Thermal bridge loss coefficient 22
6. Mould investigation 24
Calculation form
Material assistant:
Main groups Insert layer
DIN EN ISO 6946 Building components and building elements - Thermal resistance and thermal transmit
tance - Calculation method; German version EN ISO 6946:1996 + A1:2003
DIN EN ISO 10077-1 Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters - Calculation of thermal transmit
tance - Part 1: Simplified method; German version EN ISO 10077-1:2000
DIN EN ISO 10077-2 Thermal performance of windows, doors and shutters - Calculation of thermal transmit
tance - Part 2: Numerical method for frames; German version EN ISO 10077-2:2003
DIN EN ISO 10211-1 Thermal bridges in building construction - Heat flows and surface temperatures - Part 1:
General calculation methods; German version EN ISO 10211-1:1995
DIN EN ISO 10211-2 Thermal bridges in building construction - Calculation of heat flows and surface temper
atures - Part 2: Linear thermal bridges; German version EN ISO 10211-2:2001
DIN EN ISO 13788 Hygrothermal performance of building components and building elements - Internal sur
face temperature to avoid critical surface humidity and interstitial condensation - Calcula
tion methods; German version EN ISO 13788:2001
Sound insulation:
DIN EN 12354-1 Building acoustics - Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the perform
ance of products - Part 1: Airborne sound insulation between rooms; German version EN
12354-1:2000
DIN EN 12354-2 Building acoustics - Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the perform
ance of elements - Part 2: Impact sound insulation between rooms; German version EN
12354-2:2000
DIN EN 12354-3 Building acoustics - Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the perform
ance of elements - Part 3: Airborne sound insulation against outdoor sound; German ver
sion EN 12354-3:2000
DIN EN 12354-4 Building acoustics - Estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the perform
ance of products - Part 4: Transmission of indoor sound to the outside; German version
EN 12354-4:2000
DIN 18005-1 Noise abatement in town planning - Part 1: Fundamentals and directions for planning
DIN 18005-2 Noise abatement in town planning; noise maps; graphical representation of noise pollu
tion
DIN 18005-1 Bbl.1 Noise abatement in town planning; calculation methods; acoustic orientation values in
town planning
*VDI 4100 Noise control in housing - Criteria for planning and assessment
Material:
DIN 16730 Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-P) roofing felt incompatible with bitumen; require
ments
DIN EN 206-1 Concrete - Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity; German ver
sion EN 206-1:2000/A1:2004
Design the shown external wall made of vertically perforated lightweight bricks and a thermal insula
tion sandwich system made of PS-rigid foam and mineral plaster on the outside. Perform the diffusion
proof according to DIN 4108 and display the shown graphics.
Main group: Masonry Subgroup: 4.1 Masonry units DIN 105 D-click: Vert.perf.lgt.wgt. unit B
Main group: Insulation material Subgroup: 5.5 Exp.-Rigid-polystyrene D-click: PS 20-040
Main group: Plaster-Screed-Coat Subgroup: 1.1 Lime-Cement plaster D-click: Lime-cement plaster
The materials are given with common thicknesses which can later be changed in the element form. The short-
choice of the material assistant eases the search for desired materials. Choose the main group to search in and
enter at least 3 characters of the label/name of the desired material.
Example: Vert.perf.lgt.wgt. unit (type B) 1000
Main group: Masonry
Short selection: Ver
To finish the design process close the material assistant [X].
You may now adjust the layer thicknesses (or other parameter) in the cross section table.
Alternative:
1) You can also open the material assistant via the context menu which will be shown by clicking the right button
of the mouse anywhere in the calculation form.
2) A left-click on the magenta colored numeration of the layers in the cross section table and the corresponding
menu choice opens the material assistant as well.
If you create a new cross section this way it is necessary to save the element manually because the system had
not had the chance to create a filename for the saving purpose.
The diffusion proof is done in calculation form „Diffusion“. To open the graphics-window click with the left mouse
button on the graphic. Clicking on icon-switch ”Settings” in the upper menu you may add the temperature- and va
pour pressure development curves to the cross section sketch. With the pull down menu in the upper part of the
graphics window you can switch to the shown graphic (e.g. Glaser diagram).
Accession
In the table with the diffusion resistances (form diffusion) you will find a column with colored arrows to
the left of the sd-values. With a mouse click on it you can vary the used sd-value. According to DIN
4108 the worst value has to be taken: inwards of the insulation layer the smaller and outwards the lar
ger diffusion resistance. Although the worst case is not always obvious. If you use the larger sd-value
for the vert.perf.lgt.wgt. unit you will get a dew level (border of material layer) instead of a dew field,
and so called core condensate (dew leakage inside of a material layer) if you use the larger value for
the rigid foam insulation. To correctly calculate the core condensate you need to add “Special calcula
tions” in the “Content menu” on the right side.
Design the shown roof construction with a mineral insulation layer, vapour barrier and roof sealing.
Conduct the diffusion proof according to DIN 4108 and display the shown graphics.
Accession
In the evaporation period you can, according to DIN 4108, use a temperature of 20°C on the surface
of the roof so that you will get a temperature gradient between the surface of the roof and the soffit.
What happens if you instead utilize a temperature of 12°C on the roof surface (inside the room)? How
do you explain this special rule?
Make the following changes on the roof construction step by step and control the diffusion calcula
tions:
- delete the vapour barrier,
- replace the mineral fibre insulation with an expanded rigid foam (PS) of the same thickness and
- replace the bituminous roof sealing with a highly polymeric PVC sealing.
Instructions
You can change the temperature of the roof surface to 12°C in the calculation form „Diffusion“. The change will
directly influence the evaporation rate, which is now not sufficient any more. Sealed roofs can, according to
Glaser, only be proven with the assumption of an increased temperature of the roof surface during the evapora
tion period.
To delete the layers switch back to the „Element“ form and call the material assistant again. Mark the to be de
leted material layer in the box on the right side and hit the „del“ key on your keyboard. You can also make use of
the material assistant to overwrite / replace layers. To do so mark the to be replaced/overwritten layer, choose a
different material and replace the existing marked layer with a double click on the new material.
The earlier compulsory vapour barrier in the design of sealed roofs is now abdicable, if you make use of diffusion
repressive insulation layers (rigid foam) and „diffusion open“ roof sealings (plastic).
Conceptual formulation
Please copy the shown cross section „Roof old building“ from the element list. Check the diffusion cal
culation. What diffusion resistance has the PE-Foil on the inside to have to keep the construction
through calculation free of dew water? Which factors determine the diffusion resistance of the PE-Foil?
The air-layer between the thermal insulation between the rafters and the sealing is said to be “gently
ventilated”. What does that mean and how do one create ventilated, gently ventilated and static air lay
ers? How do you rate the layer of air between the sealing and the roof cladding?
Why was the diffusion resistance of the gently ventilated sealing used in the calculation? Under what
circumstances can it be set to zero?
Conceptual formulation
Design the monolithic external wall made of bricks and do a diffusion calculation according to DIN
4108 and EN ISO 13788. Display the graphics shown above.
Compare the dew water amounts. When is the most moisture in the cross section and in which months
is it dry? Vary the location for the EN ISO-method. Choose alternatively „Cologne“ or „Moscow“.
Conceptual formulation
Design the shown wall corner from the in example A.4 used framed external wall. First make a copy of
the element. Use a construction- and calculation mesh with a width of 5 mm and the dimensions of
80cm horizontally and 60 cm vertically. Create built-in elements for the structural timber columns and
make use of the copy function during this process. Size and position the built-in elements with the
mouse and alternatively with the icon-switches “Position, Width and Height”.
Calculate the temperature field for the wall corner and display the development of the isotherms.
Conceptual formulation
Design the shown situation „Fair faced concrete column in a monolithic external wall“. First make a
copy of the in example A.4 used element. Use a construction- and calculation mesh of 10 mm width
and a horizontal extension of 160 cm. The concrete column is 30 x 31 cm and should overhang the ex
ternal plaster by 4 cm. Position the column in the center of the construction net. Show the net to do so.
The insulation strip (thermal transmittance coefficient 040) on the inside is 30 x 4 cm.
Do the isotherm calculation and display the above shown surface-temperature profile. Evaluate the
surface-temperature profile.
You can move the window „Calculate isotherms“ if the cross section sketch is partly covered by it, just grab it with
the mouse in the upper dark blue frame and move it to the desired position. The cross section sketch and the sur
face-temperature diagram can be moved and placed the same way.
Accession
To estimate the risk do another calculation without the insulation. Hide the insulation (without deleting
it) and use a static air-layer instead.
Instructions
Save the element twice and give it the second time the new name „External wall B2V“.
To hide the insulation activate switch „Thermal bridge“. Select the second built-in element (mineral fibre) and
„hide“ it with the corresponding button (button on the right side of the construction window). Create a new element
via “New built-in element” and select in choice/menu “2. Building materials → Layers of air → Housing/Niche →
Cavity” and put it in the same position as the previously used insulation.
Do another isotherm calculation and create for this calculation the surface-temperature profile as explained
above.
Conceptual formulation
Design the shown window connection using the external wall of example A.1. The Uw-value of the win
dow is to be 1,34 W/m²K. You should use a 5 mm construction- and calculation net with a horizontal
dimension of at least 80 cm.
Make another copy of the element and vary the rabbet of the window as shown above. The reveal on
the outside is 17 cm deep.
Calculate for both cases the development of the isotherms.
2. part
Load the flat roof construction „Flat roof A2“ and save it under „Attic B4“. Choose a connection with 2 elements in
the pull down menu of the thermal bridge module. The connecting element is “External wall A1”. Before selecting
the built-in elements corresponding to the demand check the net dimensions and switch if necessary to a 5 mm
net with the same dimensions as in part 1.
Accession
Test the functions „Labellings“ in window „Construct Thermal bridge“.
Instructions
With this function you can label built-in elements and show their dimensions.
The icon-switch „Labelling“ is situated in the window „Construct Thermal bridge“. It is the top icon on the right
side. You need to select the element you want to label before clicking on the icon. You do that with a mouse click
on the required element (the corners will be marked). In the dialog you will have switches for different labelling op
tions. After using switch built-in elements (in the labelling dialog) material and dimensions will be suggested in a
following dialog box. Here you are able to edit the label. With your confirmation of the dialog box you will be asked
about the location of label. There are several possible options for your choice to avoid overlapping. You can de
lete the label by leaving a black line in the edit dialog box (delete text). Via the switches “Main cross section“,
„Main dimension line“ and „Fittting element“ you can add or delete further legends in a similar style.
Conceptual formulation
Calculate the thermal bridge loss coefficient for the in example B.2 designed external wall with con
crete column. Change the mesh width from 10 mm to 5 mm and recalculate. In the first calculation you
should get a psi-value of ~0,17 W/mK and with the 5 mm net a value of ~0,16 W/mK. Decide if the
more exact but longer calculation with a 5 mm net is necessary.
Look at the notation of the psi-value in the calculation form Element. What differential value is the psi-
value? Does the outside temperature have an influence? Change the outside temperature to -5°C /
80% and redo the calculation.
Instructions
Load the elements „Window connection B3“, „Window connection 2B3“, „Reinforced concrete slab with balcony
plate“ and „Flat roof A2“ one after the other and do the isotherm and psi-value calculation for each of them.
The psi-value is the difference between the L2D-value and „U i * li“. The 2D-guiding value in [W/mK] will be coun
ted back from the outside surface temperature of the isotherm calculation. Ui are the U-values of the engaged ele
ments with their considered lengths. The temperature border conditions do not have any influence on the psi-
value. The psi-value of a wall corner at the lower end of a building is as big as a psi-value of the same corner at
the upper end of the building if the design is the same. But the heat loss downwards is smaller because of the
smaller temperature difference.
Conceptual formulation
For a mould investigation at connection situation B4 the border conditions of the isotherm calculation
need to be changed. What changes are necessary? Do the changes and recalculate. Determine the
critical point for the mould investigation. Show the proof “Avoidance of mould in room corners“ and
evaluate the result.
Accession
The critical regions are usually three-dimensional room corners. The surface temperature and the fRsi-
factor in those regions can approximately be determined according to EN ISO 10211-2. To do so, load
the external wall construction from example A.1, make a copy of it, create a wall corner and calculate
the fRsi-factor. Now bring the two-dimensionally calculated wall corner with the attic situation in an arith
metical cut and determine the fRsi-factor for the 3D-corner as shown below.
Instructions
For the investigation of the 3D-corner the wall corner will be designed (see B.1) and the corner temperature two-
dimensionally calculated. To achieve this, load element „External wall A1“ and select in window „Construct
Thermal bridge“ „Wall corner“. Also think of the border conditions as mentioned above. Calculate the temperature
field. Select and save the temperatures for the critical wall corner (ƒRsi,2D) and two surface nodes in an undis
turbed area (ƒRsi,1D) as described above.
The two two-dimensionally calculated thermal bridges can now be cut in a virtual 3D-room. With an approximation
formula it is possible to determine the temperature in the three-dimensional corner. Switch to calculation form “Dif
fusion” call choice/menu „173. 3D-Room corner“ and load the previously calculated roof border construction as
second, line shaped thermal bridge (2. Calculation of isotherms -> load). According to EN ISO 10211-2 upper
building corners will be calculated from three line shaped thermal bridges. Therefore the roof border construction
needs to be selected as 3. Calculation of isotherms (3. calculated, line shaped thermal bridge) as well
(choice/menu 173). the mean temperature factor of the connecting homogeneous elements will be calculated
from the marked ƒRsi,1D value. The formula is shown and can if necessary be changed. In general three homo
geneous elements, in this case on two sides the external wall and from the top the roof construction, need to be
considered. Only the connecting external elements have influence on the 3D-temperature factor. From the recip
rocal value of the sum (reciprocal values of one- and two dimensionally calculated temperature factors) the re
quired three-dimensional factor ƒRsi,3D is now determined. It also needs to meet the requirement of at least 0.7.
The corner temperature can easily counted back.
The approximate calculation according to DIN EN ISO 10211-2 gives a value on the secure side. You will get
more favourable values if you do a real three-dimensional calculation. This option is at the moment due to a large
memory- and calculation effort and because of the problems caused by the presentation of the results not inten
ded for DÄMMWERK.
Conceptual formulation
Design the shown apartment separating wall. Calculate the airborne sound-insulation index R´w and
compare it with the requirements.
Is this design suitable for apartment separating walls? Investigate the construction for suitability as
separating wall towards stairs and other apartments with increased requirements according to DIN
4108-10.
Accession
Investigate the influence of flanking elements more closely. First use an average area weight of 200
kg/m² of the flanking elements and alternatively 400 kg/m². Now calculate the average area weight of
the flanking elements with the known element constructions as shown below. Enter the internal
11,5 cm lime-sand brick wall manually (density 1.600). The external wall is the in example A.1 used
construction, floor and ceiling are formed by a 16 cm thick reinforced concrete slab with 4 cm swim
ming cement screed, see B.4.
Instructions
The sound-insulation index decreases by 1 dB with the use of light weight flanking elements (average area weight
200 kg/m²) while heavy flanking elements (400 kg/m² and more) have no influence. For single shell separating
elements only the correction value KL,1 is defining, for multi shells (e.g. if the relevant apartment separating wall
is built with a facing shell) additional the correction value KL,2.
The average area weight of the flanking elements eventually needs to be calculated more precisely. To do so
open (via „0 dB“) choice/menu „29. Flank transmission“ and select „CALCULATE Mass m´L, Average“. A table for
flanking elements will be shown. On the left side you may enter the description. Via the column m´L,i (on the
right side) you will get to the parameter window „Flanking element X“. In there you can set the characteristic ma
terial values of the element construction. Click on the blue writings to change the values for the element (thick
ness of solid shell = 0,115 m) and density (density = 1.600). The additional settings are for the density „Tab. 3
MW / NM“ and for the plaster „on both sides“, „P IV“ and „15 mm“. In general the simple (brick-) density will be
used for flanking elements. Alternatively an area weight with regard to the used mortar can be determined as in
the calculation for the area weight of the separating element.
The needed values of the flanking external wall can be derived from the element construction. You only need to
set the in A.1 designed „External wall A1“ as flanking element. Thereto use switch „Element overview“ in the para
meter window. The needed wall weight will than automatically calculated. For the floor slab you do a similar thing
by selecting the slab “Storey ceiling B4” from task B.4 in the element overview.
Conceptual formulation
Calculate the evaluated airborne sound insulation index R´w and the footfall sound level L´n,w,R for the
in B.4 designed storey ceiling. The footfall sound level of the raw slab needs to be corrected with a
slab cover (swimming screed). But first determine the dynamic stiffness of the used footfall sound in
sulation.
Compare the calculated values with the requirements according to DIN 4109:1989 and E DIN 4109-
10:2000, Characteristic values for sound insulation level II.
Accession
Make a copy of the element and change the design as shown below. The connecting and built-in ele
ments can be deleted (window construct thermal bridges). The footfall sound insulation will be re
placed by a PE-sheet (compound screed) and the ceiling plaster by a suspended ceiling construction.
Test this design according to the minimum requirements of apartment separating ceilings.
Can the soffit also be single planked? Can you improve the footfall sound protection with a soft flooring
(carpet)? What other possibilities do you have to improve the footfall sound level?
Conceptual formulation
Calculate the resulting airborne sound insulation index for the external wall (see A.1) for the case of
„Protection against external noise”. The Thermoskin with hard insulation layer causes resonance fre
quencies that worsen the R´w-value of the construction. Consider this circumstance. The façade area
of the regarded room has the dimensions of 4,16 x 2,60 and contains two windows with the opening
dimensions of 1,26 x 1,51 m. In addition a roller shutter box with 1,49 m width and 30 cm height is to
be considered. The single windows with seam seal reach Rw,R = 32 dB and the roller shutter 30 dB.
Compare the calculated value with the requirements of living rooms in noise level area III.
Accession
The Rw-value of the window was first selected from DIN 4109, Bbl. 1, Table 40. Now use instead a
real window, e.g. the first example from the element data base – Windows, „Window-1.43“.
Check the assumption of „Noise level area III“ for noise from road traffic caused by a motorway with
daily 35.000 vehicles in a distance of 240 m. Do another calculation with the method according to DIN
18005. The assumptions for this are: long, straight road, road surface made of asphalt concrete,
speed limit 120 km/h, during daylight hours 25% trucks, in the night 45%, no protection and a differ
ence in height between noise source and immission location of 4 m.
Instructions
The Rw-value of the window will like the heat transition coefficient be determined by the glazing and the window
frame. Because there is no calculative connection and the glazing and frames origin from different producers you
can only estimate the sound insulation index of commercial windows without sound protection qualification. (On
the other hand, the U-value of a window can be calculated from their frame and glazing shares.)
This estimation is possible with the help of DIN-tables for noise protection and the Rw-values of the used glazing
(if available). Call via the single window choice/menu „44. Windows / doors“ select „Choose element / window“ the
element list and choose the first window of the Element database → Window. Confirm your selection with „OK“. In
the following dialog window the Rw-value of the glazing will be given (if known). You can set the R-value for the
window with the „Rw,R“ option and transfer it to the calculation form with your confirmative click on „OK“.
The dimension of sound emissions caused by road traffic can in many cases, if no precise values (noise maps)
available, be estimated with the nomogram in DIN 4109. Essentially you need to know the type of traffic route, the
amount of traffic and the distance of the building to the route. Open menu „Content“ and activate the calculation
options „Outside noise level DIN 4109“ and „Outside noise level DIN 18005“ (hooks). Now set in paragraph „De
termination of required outside noise level ...“ the following border conditions (55. Road: Noise caused by highway
or slip road, 35000 vehicles/day and 240 m distance to the middle of the road). According to the nomogram in DIN
4109 this results to an average level of 65 dB(A) and a noise level area III. The term in the brackets (A) docu
ments that the noise levels are A-valued. It is an evaluation scheme that considers the character of the noise.
Conceptual formulation
Copy the shown gypsum-post wall from the element database – Separating walls, element „Office sep
arating wall“ into your project. The standard construction with metal posts CW 50 is planked on both
sides with 2 x 12,5 mm gypsum building boards and has a 40 mm thick insulation layer (Sep. wall
boards). Determine the evaluated sound insulation index without and with flank transmission and com
pare it with the requirements of corridor- and separating walls in hotels.
The calculation from the element database already contains values for flanking elements. Change the
flank transmission for a separating wall towards staircase in a hotel as shown below.
Accession
Compare the last calculated Rw-values with the increased requirements of corridor walls in lodging
houses. How could the noise protection of the staircase wall be improved to 52 dB? Check a wall
design with metal posts CW 75 and 60mm insulation.
Amongst others the German Society for Acoustics (DEGA) recorded that metal-post walls do not reach
the Rw-values given in DIN 4109. This circumstance especially leads back to the reduced area
weights of the planking. What Rw-value will the CW 75-post wall according to DEGA-suggestion
achieve?
Instructions
Set in paragraph „Requirements to airborne sound insulation“ via choice/menu „46. Requirements → DIN 4109,
Bbl.2 (increased) → Lodging houses → Room walls/corridor walls“. The now required value of 52 dB will not be
met. As suggested in the conceptual formulation a separating wall with metal-posts CW75 will alternatively be in
vestigated. To change the element switch to calculation form “Element” and make a copy of it with a new name
e.g. “Office separating wall75 C4V”. Now you can change the element without loosing the first calculation. In the
cross section table you can directly change the layer thicknesses for the compartment (insulation 6 cm and static
air layer 1,5 cm). You will find the required post CW 75 in the „Material assistant → Structural → Gypsum plaster
board installation“. Thereto call the material assistant from table „Compound element – line CW 50“.
Click again on tap „Noise protection“ and change the comparison cross section to „Wall element calculated with
→ choice/menu 33. Gypsum-system-built walls → 2-layer planking → 52 CW 75, 60mm MF“. The evaluated
sound insulation index according to DIN 4109, Bbl.2, Tab.2 is now given with 52dB. But the flank transmission re
duces the sound insulation index to 51 dB. The increased requirements are shortly missed. The construction can
further be improved. One way could be to suspend the ceiling in the staircase. But the simplest solution would be
to replace one of the 12,5 mm planking layer with a 15 mm gypsum board according to the comparison cross sec
tion 23-14 (DIN-table 23, line 14). The construction now meets the required 52 dB. To do this switch back to the
calculation form “Element”, open the material assistant via the line numbering in the cross section table and ex
change the 12,5 mm gypsum boards with 15 mm thick boards. You need to do that in both the compound- and
the frame cross section. Following that the new comparison cross section will be selected in the calculation form
„Noise protection“ with choice/menu „33. → >SEARCH → 23-14.dwb“.
The calculation value for the sound insulation index of light weight gypsum board walls is according to DIN 4109
often estimated too favourable. These wrong assumptions are caused by reduced area weights of gypsum build
ing boards which were done in the course of rationalization and for interests of processors during the last years.
To realistically estimate the values you can use the suggestions of the German Society for Acoustics (DEGA) in
stead of the ones from DIN. Select „Wall element calculated with → choice/menu 33. → DEGA-suggestions → 2-
layer planking → 47 CW 75, 60mm MF“. With these assumptions you only reach 47dB which is clearly below the
DIN-assumption.
Conceptual formulation
Create the shown cross sections. First copy structure „IdH4-03.dwb“ from „DIN4109“ folder into your
working directory. After that add the swimming screed made of 20 mm thick wood chipboards on top of
the mineral fibre-footfall boards 20/15. Calculate the values for the airborne- and footfall sound insula
tion and compare them with the requirements of apartment separating ceilings in multi-storey buildings
in massive type of construction.
Make a copy and change the design as shown, Make use of spring hangers instead of a load bearing
lathing and replace the chipboards with (wet) cement screed on top of the footfall insulation MF 25/20
mm.
Accession
Alternatively to DIN 4109, Professor Gösele has prepared calculation suggestions for timber beam
ceilings. Use the method printed in „holzbau handbuch R3 T3“ (1997) and check the above calculated
results. You can choose the design according to tab.4–5 for the raw timber beam ceiling and for the
upper structure the design according to tab.5-5 as comparison cross sections from the above named
publication.
Instructions
Editions 1997 and 1999 of the „holzbau handbuch“ contain two similar, analytical calculation methods which base
on suggestions of Prof. Gösele. Select in the „Content-Menu” → “Timber beam ceiling (Gösele-procedure)”. You
can change between the two methods with switch „holzbau handbuch 1997 resp. 1999“ (blue writing). Select the
method from edition 1997. The idea is to determine the footfall sound protection with a combination of a so called
raw timber beam ceiling (which is the load bearing ceiling construction with timber beams, framing and suspended
ceiling) and different swimming coverings and floorings, similar to massive slabs. First select via writing „not
defined“ in choice/menu “127. Timber beam slabs → >SEARCH → IdH4-05“ a raw timber beam ceiling with a
suspended ceiling at spring hangers. Combine your choice with a swimming cover made of cement screed (5 cm
thick, construction according to tab.5-5, IdH5-05, choice/menu 128.) and additionally a flooring made of linoleum
(choice/menu 129. Floorings DIN 4109).
The calculated value for the footfall sound level would just meet the requirements of apartment separating ceilings
(51 dB, 2 dB addition need to be considered). The Gösele-method suggests in further implementations that the
footfall sound insulation is the dominating criteria for timber beam ceilings and that the airborne sound insulation
index could be derived from the footfall sound values. From a larger amount of measured examples a nomogram
was therefore developed. Depending on the flanking element you can directly read off an airborne sound insula
tion index L´n,w. With flanking wood chipboard walls, as widely used in framed structures, you will determine a
value of R´w = 57 dB that suits the requirements (choice/menu “130. flanking elements”). Such a timber beam
ceiling would be appropriate as apartment separating ceiling in wood panel constructions but not in massive type
of constructions because of its larger flank transmission (DIN 4109 suggests similar results).
The result of the Gösele-calculation can serve as comparison values for calculations according to DIN 4109 or as
proof itself (switch „the calculated value ...“). But the Gösele-method is no DIN-method and therefore not neces
sarily „State-of-the-art“.
Conceptual formulation
The solid apartment separating wall made of 24 cm lime-sand-stone masonry 1600 (example C.1) is
alternatively to be calculated according to DIN EN 12354. Compare the determined airborne sound in
sulation index with the result according to DIN 4109.
The resonance frequency f0 for the cement screed (facing shell) will be calculated with the area related mass of
the concrete slab and the screed. With this frequency and appendix D.2 the improvement value ∆Rw can be de
termined. The hint “Receiving room like transmitting room“ confirms the same design of the ceiling on both sides
of the separating wall. The EN ISO-method gives the option to have two different ceilings (even though it is not
suggested). In this case two different Rw-values need to be calculated.
Choose for the second flanking element „Storey ceiling B.4“ and continue as above. The swimming screed which
is averted from the room does not increase the weight of the ceiling nor does it act as facing shell. Please choose
for the flanking walls „External wall A.1“ and the separating lime-sand-stone wall „Apartment separating wall C1“
itself, that occurs also as flank. Calculate the Rw-values from the mass relations as described above.
The joint insulation values for the T-joints and their related flank insulation values are a bit smaller meaning the
sound transmission is less hindered.
All necessary values are now set. The 12 flank insulation values and the building sound insulation value can be
calculated:
The result of 53,8 dB differs only slightly from the on calculate using DIN 4109 (53 dB).