Descendants

of
Henry VII
King of England
1485-1509

by

Richard C. Gretzinger

 February 2018
 Henry VII
King of England
1485-1509
 Table Of Contents
Foreword 1
Chapter 1 Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I 3
Chapter 2  James I and Charles I 8
Chapter 3  Cromwell, Charles II, James II, Mary II & William III 10
Chapter 4  Anne, George I, George II, George III, George IV, William IV 12
Chapter 5 Victoria, Edward III, George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II 16
Chapter 6  Children of Victoria and Albert 23
Chapter 7  Relationships to Henry VII  and Victoria 27
Chapter 8  An American Connection 28
    Descendant Report for Henry (1485-1509) VII 30
Index 37

iii
 Foreword

During a recent TV show on the PBS Masterpiece series  titled, Victoria, my wife asked
if I knew how Queen Victoria was related to Queen Elizabeth.  I did not know, but it was
an interesting question.   That question started my quest to develop the genealogy of the
English monarchy.

To tie together Queen Victoria, Queen Elizabeth I and Queen Elizabeth II, I began with
the  descendants  of  Henry  VII,  the  father  of  the  infamous,  Henry  VIII.  I  found  the
relationships of Victoria to both Queen Elizabeth I and Queen Elizabeth II.   Henry VII
was the grandfather of Elizabeth I, the 14th great-grandfather of Elizabeth II and the 10th
great-grandfather  of  Victoria.   Victoria  and  Elizabeth  I  are  1st.  cousins  10  times
removed.

The results of my research are included in the "Descendants Report for Henry VII", that
is  found  as  the  last  chapter  of  this  electronic  book  (aka  e-book).  The  report  covers  18
generations, beginning with Henry VII.  

The format for the narratives in each chapter is identical.  The individual that is listed in
bold  type  in  the  narrative  has  a  number  preceding  it.   The  number  refers  to  the
corresponding  number  for  that  individual  in  the  descendants  report  at  the  end  of  this
e-book.  For example, Henry VII is shown as number "1" in the Chapter 1 narrative and
number  1  on  the  descendant  report.  The  reader  can  use  these  numbers  to  find  an
individual in the descendants report and follow that person's genealogy recorded in the
report.

The numbers above the bolded individuals represent the years that person reigned as  a
king  or  queen   of  England.   Using  the  Henry  VII  example  again,  the  numbers
"1485-1509"  above  his  name  are  the  beginning  (1485)  and  ending  (1509)  years  he
reigned as King of England.

Certain individuals in the narratives include a British title. In British Hereditary peerage,
the titles below  a Prince are  (in descending  order): Duke, Marquis,  Earl, Viscount  and
Baron.   Lord  is  a  courtesy  title.  The  title  "Lady"  is  a  title  of  respect  given  to  a
marchioness,  countess,  viscountes,  or  baroness,  to  the  daughter  of  a  Duke,  Marqis,  or
Earl, or to the wife of a Baronet, Knight or Lord.

1
I attempted to be as accurate as possible by using multiple sources.  However, I was not
able to find multiple sources for all entries; therefore, errors and omissions may exist.  I
welcome all corrections and omissions.  

Following is a list of the major sources I consulted when writing this e-book.

Major Sources for the Descendants of Henry VII e-book

Family History Notes by Richard Reinhold, published in Germany 2004

"Genealogy of Hillegass Family in America" by Russel Kern Hillegass, published

in Salt Lake City 2002

"Hillegass, Michael and His Descendants" by Emma St. Clair Whitney, published
in Pottsville, PA 1891

home.eckerd.edu/~oberhot/eroyal.htm

wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward VIII of the United Kingdom Abdication

wikipedia.org/wiki/Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge

wikipedia.org/wiki/George IV of the United Kingdom

wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallis The Duchess of Windsor

www.historyinanhour.com/2014/01/22/victoria-alberts-children

2
 Chapter 1
Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I

1485-1509
*1. HENRY VII was born on 28 Jan 1457 in Pembroke Castle, Wales. He was exiled
from England and grew up in France. After the death of his father, Edmund Tudor the 1st
Earl of Richmond, Henry assumed the throne in 1485 at the age of 28.  About five years
later, he married Elizabeth of York, reuniting the two houses and ending the War of the
Roses.   Henry and Elizabeth had eight children. His second son, Henry VIII, succeeded
Henry, on his  death in 1509.  His daughter, Margaret,  was born on  28 November  1489
married the King of Scotland, James IV.

Henry had a tenuous claim to the throne, coming from a bastard line going back to the
Dukes of Lancaster, and won the throne by the death in battle of Richard III. Henry VIIs
reign, however, opened the 118 year span of the Tudor kings. 
.
2. MARGARET TUDOR  was born on 28 Nov 1489. She died on 18 Oct 1541. She
married  James  IV  King  of  Scotland  in  1503.  He  was  born  in  1473.  He  died  in  1513.
James IV and Margaret Tudor had a son, James V.

4. JAMES V KING OF SCOTLAND was born on 10 April 1512. He died on 15 Dec

1542. He married (1) Madeleine of Valois on 01 Jan 1537 in Notre Dame de Paris. She
was born about 1515. She died in Jul 1537. He married (2) Mary of Guise on 12 June
1538.

James V's daughter, Marie,was born 8 December 1542.  She was the Queen of Scots and
was beheaded 2 February 1587. Her son, James I, became King of England in 1603.

___________________________________________________________________
* The numbers in front of the names in the narratives refer to the individual's number on the
Descendants Report for Henry VII (1485-1509) that appears at the end on this e-book.

  
3
1509-1547
3. HENRY VIII was born in 1491 in Greenwich.   With his father’s death, Henry VIII
ascended  the  throne  in  1509  at  the  age  of  18  years.  Henry  had  six  wives-three  are
discussed below (a list of all six wives appears at the end of this chapter, page 7).
 His first marriage was to Catherine of Aragon on 11 June 1509.  She was born in Spain
on 16 December 1485, the daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
When they married, Catherine was 24.   Their marriage produced just one living child, a
daughter, Mary.  
Henry was desperate for a male heir.  He cast aside Catherine who fought to deny Henry
an annulment.   But the king would not be denied and when the Catholic church would
not grant the  annulment, he declared  himself head  of a new  English church.  Catherine
was banished from court and died at age 51 on 7 January 1536, broken-hearted but still
defiant.  
Anne Boleyn was the second wife of King Henry.  Her birthdate is widely debated, but
now favors 1501 or 1502. Her father was Sir Thomas Boleyn. Anne and Henry had an
affair while he was married to Catherine. Near the end of 1532, Anne was pregnant and
gave   birth  to  a  daughter,  Elizabeth.  To  avoid  any  questions  of  the  legitimacy  of  the
child, Henry was forced into action. On 25 January 1533, Anne and Henry were secretly
married.  Although  the  King's  marriage  to  Catherine  was  not  dissolved,  in  the  King's
mind it had never existed in the first place, so he was free to marry whomever he wanted.
On 23 May 1533, the Archbishop officially proclaimed that the marriage of Henry and
Catherine was invalid. 
Anne's  enemies  at  court  began  to  plot  against  her  using  the  King's  attentions  to  Jane
Seymour as the catalyst for action. Cromwell began to move in action to bring down the
Queen. He persuaded the King to sign a document calling for an investigation that would
possibly result in charges of treason.
On Monday 15 May 1536, the Queen was put on trial at the Great Hall of the Tower of
London.   Anne  was  found  guilty  of  adultery  and  treason  and  condemned  to  death
(beheaded) on 19 May 1536. Shortly before her execution, the Queen's marriage to the
King was dissolved and declared invalid. 
Henry's  and  Anne's  daughter,  Elizabeth,  would  become  queen  after  the  deaths  of  her
half-brother, Edward VI, and half-sister, Mary I.

Henry next married Jane Seymour. Her birthdate is anywhere from 1504 to 1509.   Her

father was Sir John Seymour of Wolf Hall in Wiltshire.
4
Jane  first  came  to  court  as  a  lady-in-waiting  to  Catherine  of  Aragon.  Henry  took
particular notice of Jane in September 1535 when he visited Wolf Hall. Such a visit was
a  great  honor  for  the  Seymour  family.  And  it  brought  Jane  immediately  to  the  king’s
attention.   For  Henry,  it  was  suddenly  clear  that  if  he  could  rid  himself  of  Anne  and
marry  Jane,  then  he  would  have  a  legitimate  marriage  recognized  by  all  and  another
possibility for a son.
Four  days  after  Anne  was  executed,  the  king  was  formally  betrothed  to  Jane.  They
married ten days later on 30 May 1536 and Jane was publicly declared queen on 4 June.
 Henry  and Jane  had  a son,  Edward.  He was  born  on 12  Oct  1537 in  Hampton  Court.
Jane, died on 24 October 1547 at about 40 years of age 

1547-1553
5. Edward VI became king at age 10 when his father, Henry VIII, died in 1547. Edward
reigned only six years having died in 1553 at the age of 16 years. 

England was caught up in the issues of religion and royal succession. Edward VI was a
young and unhealthy king. He was Protestant in commitment, unlike his very  Catholic
sister Mary. His reign was heavily influenced by the behavior and motivations of royal
advisers. As Europe also became religiously fractionalized, Europeans also took a keen
interest in English affairs, looking for religious alliance.  

1553-1558
 6. MARY I was born on 18 Feb 1516 in Greenwich.   she was the daughter of Henry
VIII and Catherine of Aragon.   After her brother's (Edward's) death, Mary came to the
throne at age 37 in 1553, there being no legitimate male successor and opening the door
to a series of future English queens. She married Philip of Spain but had no children. She
died after a five-year reign in 1558.  She died at the age of 42 years.

Mary (nicknamed ‘Bloody') restored Catholicism that was increasingly seen as a foreign
construct by the English. She also repealed the Reformation legislation.and was resisted
and faced armed  confrontation by Protestant  nobles and commoners.  Her alliance  with
Spain was seen as counter to English interests. She did not succumb to Catholic advisers
who suggested she murder her half sister Elizabeth, who succeeded her.

5
1558-1603
7. ELIZABETH I  was born in 1533 in Greenwich.  She was a daughter of Henry VIII
and Anne Boleyn.  She became queen at age 25 in 1558 after the death of her half-sister,
Mary I, and reigned for 45 years to her death in 1603 at age 70. She never married, died
childless and was the last of the Tudors. 

Protestantism  was  reestablished,  but  constantly  threatened,  with  much  of  the  intrigue
centered  around  Catholic  Mary  of  Scotland  (former  wife  of  Francis  II  of  France)  and
Catholic agents coming over from the continent. 

Elizabeth faced a French-Scottish alliance, and ultimately an invasion threat from Spain.
The threat ended with the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This age also witnessed
the height of the English Renaissance and the move to England as a stronger player on
the European political stage.

6
 The Six Wives of Henry VIII
(in chronological order- the dates are those of their reign with Henry VIII)

1. Catherine of Aragon: 1509-1533.  Marriage annuled. She died while detained 
under guard at Kimbolton Castle.  Mother of Mary I.
2. Anne Boleyn: 1533-1536.  Marriage annuled, then beheaded.  Mother of Elizabeth
I.
3. Jane Seymour: 1536-1537.  Died twelve days after giving birth to Edward VI, 
believed to be caused by birth complications.
4. Anne of Cleves: 1540-1540.  Marriage annuled.  She outlived the rest of the wives.
5. Catherine Howard: 1540-1541.  Marriage annuled Nov 1541.  Beheaded 13 Feb 
1542.
6. Catherine Parr: 1543-1547.  Widowed at the death of Henry VIII.  She remarried to 
Thomas Seymour, brother of Jane Seymour, Henry's third wife.

Henry's first marriage lasted nearly 24 years, while the remaining five totaled less than
10 years combined.
 

7
 Chapter 2
James I and Charles I

1603-1625

10. JAMES I was born in 1566 in Edinburgh Castle. He was first cousin twice removed

of Elizabeth I*   and son of Mary Queen of Scots. He traced his English lineage back to
Margaret, daughter of Henry VII. He was James VI of Scotland when he became James I
of England, in 1603 at the age of 37 years.

James  I  united  the  crowns  of  England  and  Scotland  that  greatly  enhanced  English
security.  Stress  was  internal,  between  a  king  claiming  ‘divine  right'  and  a  Parliament
claiming the rule of law. Judges claimed the right to arbitrate this dispute, counter to the
interests  of  the  king,  but  reinforcing  the  rule  of  law.   He  was  widely  criticized  by  his
contemporaries, not only for his near-catastrophic financial mismanagement, but also for
his  publicly  embarrassing  over-indulgences.  However,  despite  these  shortcomings,
James was a monarch with a great interest in the arts and a serious scholarly mind.

His  reign  witnessed  the  production  of  some  of  William  Shakespeare’s  most  brooding
tales of kingship, such as Macbeth and King Lear, as well as the publication of the King
James Bible. James himself also published many works, including treatises that set forth
his  views  on  kingship  (encapsulated  in  the  famous  phrase  “God’s  lieutenant  upon
earth”—i.e. God’s direct representative). 

Jacobean Britain was a politically charged, intellectually stimulating age with a luxurious
court culture. It was in this context that the classical architectural tradition was brought
from  continental  Europe,  under  the  direction  of  Britain’s  first  classical  architect,  Inigo
Jones.

During this reign, the Mayflower landed in Plymouth and North America was opened for
British colonization.

James married Anne of Denmark and Norway in 1589. They had nine children.    A son,
Charles I, succeeded his father to the throne when James died at the age of 59 years in
1625. He was king of England for 22 years.  A daughter, Elizabeth born 18 August 1596
would become the grandmother of George I who reigned from 1714 to 1727.

_____________________________________________________________________
*Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and Ann Boleyn. Elizabeth was Queen of England from 1588 to her
death in 1603. She died with no issue.

8
1625-1649

12. Charles I was born in Scotland on 19 November 1600. He became King of England

in  1625,  on  his  father  James'  death.   That  year,  1625,  he  married  Henrietta  Maria,
daughter of Henri IV of France.  They had nine children. 

Charles had to deal with an increasingly assertive Parliament.   He fought the erosion of
royal privilege. His appearance in Commons to arrest several members in 1642 triggered
resistance,  and  ultimately,  civil  war.  Royalists  were  strongest  in  the  north  and  west,
Parliamentarians  in  London  and  the  south.  By  1646  Parliament  prevailed  on  the
battlefield,  and  subsequently  Cromwell  ended  up  Dictator  in  England.  Charles,  in
captivity,  was  finally  executed  outside  Inigo  Jones'  Banqueting  House  on  30  January
1649* in London, ushering in an interregnum of Republicanism.

With  the  end  of  the  Civil  War,  Oliver  Cromwell  assumed  control  of  England  as  the
“Lord Protector.”

______________________________________________________________________
*On January 30th, 1649, King Charles I was beheaded on a scaffold in front of the
Banqueting House of Whitehall Palace in London for raising taxes without due authority and
waging wars against his own people. It was an ironic backdrop for his death, as the
Banqueting House was created to glorify his reign and that of his father, King James I of
England. Designed by the architect Inigo Jones and decorated with paintings by the Baroque
painter Peter Paul Rubens, this building symbolized the newly vibrant, lavish, and
European-influenced court culture that the two monarchs fostered.

9
 Chapter 3
Cromwell, Charles II, James II, Mary II &William III

1649-1659
Lord Protector

The Civil War in  England broke out  between the Royalists, who  were strongest in  the

north and west and the Parliamentarians who were strongest in London and the south. By
1646 Parliament  prevailed on  the  battlefield, and  subsequently Oliver  Cromwell  ended
up Dictator in England. Charles I, in captivity, was finally executed outside Inigo Jones'
Banqueting  House  on  30  January  1649  in  London,  ushering  in  an  interregnum  of
Republicanism.   With  the  end  of  the  Civil  War,  Oliver  Cromwell  assumed  control  of
England as the “Lord Protector.”

 After his father, Charles I, was executed, his son, Charles II fled to France in 1651 and
remained in exile for nine years. After the Protectorate collapsed in 1659, Charles II was
invited to return to England.

1660-1685

14. Charles II  was  born  on  29  May  1630  in  St.  James  Place,  London.   With   the
execution of his father, Charles II, he fled to France where he remained until 1659.  With
the collapse of Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate, he was invited back to England as king.
There were, however, imitations on his powers.   He assumed the throne in 1660 at age
30. 

This  return  of  the  monarchy  is  known  as  the  Restoration.  Charles  II  became  adept  at
out-maneuvering  the  opposition  to  his  policies,  particularly  in  matters  of  religion  and
foreign  affairs.  His  court  was  notorious  for  its  easy-going  morality;  he  had  fourteen
children  by  various  mistresses,  but  no  legitimate  heir.  He  converted  to  Roman
Catholicism on his deathbed and was succeeded by his Catholic brother James.

1685-1688

15. James II was  born on 14 Oct 1633  in St. James Place, London.    He married  (1)

Anne Hyde of Clareden. She was born in 1637. She died in 1671. He married (2) Mary
of  Modena. She was born in 1658. She died in 1718.
10
of  Modena. She was born in 1658. She died in 1718.
 Members of Britain's Protestant political elite increasingly suspected James II of being
pro-French and pro-Catholic and of having designs on becoming an absolute  monarch.
He produced a Catholic heir, a son, James Francis Edward.  Leading nobles called on his
Protestant son-in-law and nephew, William III of Orange, to land an invasion army from
the Dutch Republic.
William, arrived in force from Holland to support the Protestant cause.  After the defeat
of the Jacobite forces by William III at the Battle of Boyne July 1690, James returned to
France.  He lived out the rest of his life at a court sponsored by his cousin and ally, King
Louis XIV.  He died there on 1 September 1701 at the age of 63 years. 
Mary,  a  daughter  of  James  II  by  his  first  wife,  was  born  in  London  in  1662.   She
succeeded her father after he abdicated in 1688 and became queen in 1689.

1689-1702
17. MARY II was born on 30 Apr 1662.   She married William III Prince of Oange.
They  had  three  stillborn  children.  He  was  born  on  04  Nov  1650.  William  Henry  of
Orange, the son and only child of stadtholder* William II, Prince of Orange and Mary,
Princess Royal of England, was born in The Hague, The Netherlands. Eight days before
he was born, his father died from smallpox; thus William   became the Sovereign Prince
of Orange at the moment of his birth. 

Mary  II  was  a  strong  Protestant  and  her  reign  brought  Protestantism   firmly  and
irrevocably  to  the  throne.   Mary  II  and  William  III  ruled  jointly  until  her  death  on  28
December 1694 at the age of 32.  
  
William  III  of  Orange  was  a  Dutch  aristocrat,  the  Prince  of  Orange  from  his  birth,
Stadtholder  of  the  main  provinces  of  the  Dutch  Republic  from   28  June  1672.   He
reigned  as  William  II  in  Scotland,  but  William  III  in  all  his  other  realms.  Often  he  is
referred to as William of Orange, a name he shared with many other historical figures. In
Northern Ireland and Scotland, he is often informally known as King Billy.   He reigned
as king from 28 December 1694 to his death at age 52 years  on 8 March 1702.
Since William III had no children, Anne, a daughter of James II, became queen.
_____________________________________________________________
*a Stadholder is the chief magistrate of the former Dutch republic or of any of its provinces
(from about 1580 to 1802), a viceroy or governor of a province.

11
 Chapter 4
Anne, George I, George II, George III, George IV, William IV

1702-1714
18. Anne was a daughter of James II who was king of England from 1685-1688.   She
was  born   in  6  February  1665  in  London,  England.   She  married  Prince  George  of
Denmark. 

When King William III died in 1702 with no children, Anne ascended the throne.  Anne
became Queen of England,  Scotland and Ireland 8  March 1702 at the  age of 37. On  1
May 1707,  under  the Acts  of  Union. two  of  her realms,  the  kingdoms of  England  and
Scotland  united  as  a  single  Sovereign  state  known  as  Great  Britain  She  continued  to
reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death at age 49 on 1 August 1714.

Queen Anne, despite seventeen pregnancies by her husband, Prince George, died without
surviving issue and was the last monarch of the House of Stuart,

Under  the  Act  of  Settlement  1701which  excluded  all  Catholics,  she  was  succeeded  by
her second cousin George I.

1714-1727

16. George I was born on 28 May 1660 in Osnabruch, Germany.   He married Sophia

Dorothea in 1682. She was born on 1 September 1668.  
 
At  the  age  of  54,  after  the  death  on  1  August  1714  of  Queen  Anne  of  Great  Britain,
George  ascended  the  British  throne  as  the  first  monarch  of  the  House  of  Hanover.
Although  over  fifty  Catholics  bore  closer  blood  relationships  to  Anne,  the  Act  of
Settlement  1701  prohibited  Catholics  from  inheriting  the  British  throne.  George,
however,  was  Anne's  closest  living  Protestant  relative.  In  reaction,  the  Jacobites*
attempted  to  depose  George  and  replace  him  with  Anne's  Catholic  half-brother,  James
Francis Edward Stuart, but their attempts failed.

____________________________________________________________________
*Jacobite: a supporter of the deposed James II and his descendants in their claim to the British throne
after the Revolution of 1688. Drawing most of their support from Catholic clans of the Scottish
Highlands, Jacobites made attempts to regain the throne in 1689–90, 1715, 1719, and 1745–46, finally
being defeated at the Battle of Culloden.

12
George I died on 11 Jun 1727.  He was 67 years old.  His wife died the year before at the
age of 58 years,  His son, George II, succeded him to the throne.

1727-1760

19. George II was born on 10 Nov 1683 in Hanover, Germany.  He married Caroline of

Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1705 at the age of 25. She was born on 01 Mar 1683.  George
and Caroline had a son, Fredrick (Prince of Wales) who was born on 01 Feb 1707.

George  was  the  last  British  monarch  born  outside  Great  Britain.   He  was  born  and
brought  up  in  northern  Germany.   As  king  from  1727,  George  exercised  little  control
over  British  domestic  policy,  which  was  largely  controlled  by  the  Parliament  of  Great
Britain.   He spent twelve summers in Hanover, where he had more direct control over
government  policy.  He  had  a  difficult  relationship  with  his  eldest  son,  Frederick,  who
supported the parliamentary opposition.

Frederick died unexpectedly in 1751, nine years before his father, George II.  He died at
the  age  of  77  on  25  Oct  1760  in  London,  England.   George  II  was  succeeded  by  his
grandson, George III.

1760-1820 

22. George III   was  born  on  04  Jun  1738  in  London,  England.   He  married  Sophia
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz on September 1761. She was born on 19 May 1744. 

George III  came  to the  throne  in  1760 and  was  the  third Hanoverian  monarch  and  the
first one to be born  in England and to  use English as his first  language.   He is  widely
remembered for losing the American colonies and going mad. He opposed the colonies
bid for independence to the end, but he did not develop the policies, such as the Stamp
Act of 1765 and the Townshend duties of 1767 on tea, paper and other products, which
led to war in 1775-76 and which had the support of Parliament.

He was  mentally  unfit  to  rule  in the  last  decade  of  his  reign; his  eldest  son  -  the  later
George IV - acted as Prince Regent from 1811. Some medical historians have said that
George  III's  mental  instability  was  caused  by  a  hereditary  physical  disorder  called

13
George  III's  mental  instability  was  caused  by  a  hereditary  physical  disorder  called
porphyria.*

George's  wife,  Queen  Charlotte  was  the  grandmother  of  Queen  Victoria,  and  the  3rd
great grandmother of the current Queen of the United Kingdom, Elizabeth II. She was a
patroness of the arts, known to Johann Christian Bach and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,
among others. She was also an amateur botanist who helped establish Kew Gardens. 

George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte  had  15  children,  13  of  whom  survived  to  adulthood.
Queen Charlotte  died  on  17  November  1818  at  the age  of  74.   George  died  two  years
later on 29 January 1820 at age 82.  His son, George IV, succeeded him to the throne.

1820-1830

23. George IV was born on 12 Aug 1762 in London, England.   He married (1) Maria

Anne (Fitzherbert) Smythe on 15 Dec 1785. She was born on 26 Jul 1756. She died on
27 Mar 1837. He married (2) Caroline Amelia Elizabeth on 08 Apr 1795. She was born
on 15 May 1768. She died on 07 Aug 1821.

 George IV as Prince of Wales was Regent from 1810 to 1820 during his father’s period
of  insanity.  He  had  several  mistresses  and  in  1785  had  secretly  married  a  Catholic
widow,  Maria  Fitzherbert,  in  contravention  of  the  Act  of  Settlement  and  the  Royal
Marriage  Act.  They  had  at  least  two  illegitimate  children.  Unlike  his  father  he  was
extravagant with money and became badly in debt. He loved the fine things in life and
undertook  rebuilding  of  Buckingham  Palace  and  Windsor  Castle.  Architect  John  Nash
and  others  created  many  fine  buildings  in  London,  Brighton,  Bath  and  Cheltenham
during the ‘Regency Period’. 

He was forced to deny his marriage with Maria Fitzherbert and, in return for paying off
his  debts,  officially  marry  Caroline  of  Brunswick  whom  he  detested   He  disliked
Caroline so much so that when he became King George IV on the death of his father in
1820 he refused to let her attend his coronation.

___________________________________________________________________
*Porphyria is a group of diseases in which substances called porphyrins build up, negatively
affecting the skin or nervous system.

14
George IV suffered from gout and towards the end of his life became mentally unstable.
He died of a heart attack at Windsor Castle on 26 June 1830 at the age of 68. His only
legitimate  daughter,  Charlotte,  had  died  in  childbirth  in  1817  and  next  eldest  brother,
Frederick, died in 1827.  He was succeeded by his younger brother William IV. 

1830-1837

25. William IV was born 21 August 1765 in Buckingham Palace, London.  He married

Adelaide Saxe-Meiningen on 11 July 1818.  She was born on 13 August 1792.  

William IV was initially very popular.  His insistence on a simple coronation contrasted
with the extravagance of his brother’s reign.    William IV’s reign was dominated by the
Reform  Crisis.   It  began  almost  immediately  when  the  Duke  of  Wellington’s  Tory
government, which William supported, lost the general election in August 1830.

The Whigs, led by Lord Grey, came to power intent on pushing through electoral reform
against strong opposition in the Commons and Lords.  Another general election in 1831
gave the Whigs a majority in the Commons but the Lords continued to reject the Reform
Bill.  There was a political crisis during the winter of 1831-1832, with riots in some parts
of the country.

The king eventually agreed to create enough new Whig peers to get the bill through the
House of Lords, but the Lords, who had opposed it, backed down and it was passed.  The
1832  Reform  Act  abolished  some  of  the  worst  abuses  of  the  electoral  system  and
expended the franchise to the middle classes.

William died at age 72 on 20 June 1837 without surviving children.  His niece, Victoria,
succeeded him.       
 

15
 Chapter 5
Victoria, Edward III, George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II

1837-1901

26. Victoria was born on 24 May 1819 in London, England.   She was the daughter of

Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the
Duke  of  Kent  and  King  George  III  died  in  1820,  and  Victoria  was  raised  by  her
German-born mother, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. 

Victoria inherited the throne at the age of 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all
died,  leaving  no  surviving  legitimate  children.  The  United  Kingdom  was  already  an
established  constitutional  monarchy,  in  which  the  sovereign  held  relatively  little  direct
political  power.  Privately,  Victoria  attempted  to  influence  government  policy  and
ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with
strict standards of personal morality.

Victoria married  her  first  cousin, Prince  Albert  of  Saxe-Coburg and  Gotha,  in  1840  at
age 21. He was born on 26 August 1819 in Coburg, Germany. They had nine children
who  married  into  royal  and  noble  families  across  the  continent,  tying  them  together.
Victoria was known as "the grandmother of Europe."  Chapter 6 lists her nine children.
Albert  died  on  14  December  1861.   The  official  cause  of  death  was  typhoid  fever.
Victoria, however, blamed her son Edward, the Prince of Wales, for his father's death.
Prince Albert traveled to Cambridge in November in the pouring rain to confront his son
about his affair with a young actress, Nellie Clifden.  A few days later on 29 November,
Albert attended a parade at Eton College where it was recorded that he did not look well.
He died about two weeks later at the age of 42 years.
After  Albert's  death,  Victoria  plunged  into  deep  mourning  and  avoided  public
appearances. Her seclusion earned her the name "Widow of Windsor," and, as a result of
her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength.   However, in the latter half of
her  reign  her  popularity  recovered.    Her  Golden  and  Diamond  Jubilees  were  times  of
public celebration.
Victoria's  reign  of  63  years  and  seven  months  was  longer  than  that  of  any  of  her
predecessors, and is known as the Victorian era. It was a period of industrial, cultural,
political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by
a great expansion of the British Empire. She was the last British monarch of the House of
Hanover.  She died on 22 January 1901 at the age of 82 years.  

16
Her son and successor, Edward VII, initiated the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the
line of his father.
Queen Victoria and Prince Albert

1901-1910
27. Edward VII was born on 09 Nov 1841 in Buckingham Palace, London, England.
The eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Edward,
was related to royalty throughout Europe. Before his accession to the throne in 1901, he
served as heir apparent and held the title of Prince of Wales for longer than any of his
predecessors.
At the age of 22, Edward married Alexandra of Denmark on 10 Mar 1863 in St. George's
Chapel, Windsor. She was born in Dec 1844. 
During the long reign of his mother, he was largely excluded from political power, and
came  to  personify  the  fashionable,  leisured  elite.  He  traveled  throughout  Britain
performing ceremonial public duties, and represented Britain on visits abroad. His tours
of North America in 1860 and the Indian subcontinent in 1875 were popular successes,
but  despite  public  approval  his  reputation  as  a  playboy  prince  soured  his  relationship
with his mother.

17
As king, Edward played a role in the modernization of the British Home Fleet and the
reorganization  of  the  British  Army  after  the  Second  Boer  War.  He  fostered  good
relations between Britain and other European countries, especially France, for which he
was  popularly  called  "Peacemaker."   However,  his  relationship  with  his  nephew,  the
German Emperor Wilhelm II, was poor. 
The Edwardian era, which covered Edward's reign and was named after him, coincided
with  the  start  of  a  new  century  and  heralded  significant  changes  in  technology  and
society, including steam turbine propulsion and the rise of socialism. He died at the age
of 69 on 06 May 1910 in Buckingham Palace, London, England. His death occurred in
the midst of a constitutional crisis that was resolved the following year by the Parliament
Act 1911, which restricted the power of the unelected House of Lords.   Edward's wife,
Alexandra died on 28 November 1925.  She was 81 years old.
Their son, George V, inherited the throne following Edward's death.

1910-1939
28. George V was born on 03 Jun 1865 in London, England.   He was the second son of
the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) and Queen Alexandra, and grandson of the
then-reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria. From the time of his birth, he was third
in  the  line  of  succession  behind  his  father  and  his  own  elder  brother,  Prince  Albert
Victor.

From 1877 to 1891, George served in the Royal Navy, until the unexpected death of his
elder brother  in early  1892 put  him  directly in  line for  the  throne. On  the death  of  his
grandmother,  Queen  Victoria,  in  1901,  George's  father  became  King-Emperor  of  the
British  Empire,  and  George  was  created  Prince  of  Wales.  He  succeeded  his  father  in
1910 as George V.

George V married Mary of Teck on 06 Jul 1893 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. He was
28 years  old  and Mary  was  26.   Seven  years later,  he  became King  of  England.  Their
son, Edward born 23 June 1894, would succeed his  father to the throne.

His reign saw  the rise of  socialism, communism, fascism,  Irish republicanism, and  the

Indian independence movement, all of which radically changed the political landscape.
The  Parliament  Act  1911  established  the  supremacy  of  the  elected  British  House  of
Commons over the unelected House of Lords. 

George became the first monarch of the House of Windsor, which he renamed from the
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as a result of anti-German public sentiment. In 1924

18
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as a result of anti-German public sentiment. In 1924
he appointed the first Labour ministry and in 1931 the Statute of Westminster recognized
the dominions of the Empire as separate, independent states within the Commonwealth
of Nations.

He had  smoking-related  health  problems throughout  much  of  his later  reign  and  at  his
death  on  20  January  1936  at  age  71  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son,  Edward  VIII.
George's wife, Mary, survived him by 17 years.  She died on 24 Mar 1953.

20 January 1936-11 December 1936

29. Edward VIII was  born  on  23  Jun  1894,  the  son  of  George  V.   Bessie  Wallis
Warfield, born on 19 Jun 1895,  was an American who had two unsuccessful marriages.
She allegedly became the mistress of Edward, then Prince of Wales, in 1934. Two years
later, after Edward's accession as King on 20 January 1936, he proposed marriage. The
King's  desire  to  wed  a  twice-divorced  American  with  two  living  ex-husbands  and  a
reputation as an opportunist caused a constitutional crisis in the United Kingdom and the
Dominions, which ultimately led to the king's abdication in order to marry Bessie.

 On the night of 11 December 1936, Edward, now reverted to the title of Prince Edward,
made a broadcast to the nation and the Empire, explaining his decision to abdicate. He
famously  said,  "I  have  found  it  impossible  to  carry  the  heavy  burden  of  responsibility
and to discharge my duties as king as I would wish to do without the help and support of
the woman I love."  

After the broadcast, Edward departed the United Kingdom for Austria. He was unable to
join Bessie until her divorce became absolute, several months later.   His brother, Prince
Albert,  Duke  of  York,  succeeded  to  the  throne  as  George  VI,  with  his  elder  daughter,
The Princess Elizabeth, first in the line of succession, as the heiress presumptive.

Edward died on 28 May 1972 at age 78 years,  Bessie survived him by 14 years and died
on 24 Apr 1986 at the age of 91.

19
1936-1952

30. George VI, the son of George V,  was born on 14 December 1895 in Norfolk.   On

26 April 1923 in Westminster Abbey he married Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.   She was born
on  4  August  1900.    George  and  Elizabeth  and  they  had  two  daughters,  Elizabeth  and
Margaret.  

Thirteen years after he married, he came to the throne at age 41 in 1936 when his brother
abdicated to marry for love a divorced (American) commoner.   His reign started during
the Depression and continued through WWII.

George  VI  had  problems  delivering  speeches  because  of  a  stuttering  problem.   He
overcame  it  with  the  help  of  a  layperson  who  had  experience  with  the  stuttering  of
soldiers who returned from war.
 
He and his family stayed in London during the blitz, endearing themselves to Londoners
and being a pillar of strength for the English during their ‘darkest hour.' 

After the war, the British empire began to unravel, with India gaining independence in
1947,  and  continuing  through  the  1950s  and  1960s  as  other  colonies  gained
independence.  

George VI died at age 57 on 6 February 1952 in Norfolk and was buried at Windsor.  His
wife,  Elizabeth  survived  him  by  50  years  and  died  on  30  March  2002.   George’s
daughter, Elizabeth succeeded him to the throne as Elizabeth II.

1952-Present
31. Elizabeth II  was  born  21  April  1926  in  London,  England.   She  was  educaed  at
home.  During  WW  II,  she  began  to  undertake  public  duties  serving  in  the  Auxiliary
Territorial  Service.  On  20  November  1947,  she  married  Prince  Philip,  duke  of
Edinburgh. He  was  born  in  Greece  on  10  June  1921.   His  family  was  exiled  from  the
country when he was an infant. After being educated in France, Germany, and the United
Kingdom, he joined the British Royal Navy in 1939, aged 18. 
From  July  1939,  he  began  corresponding  with  the  13-year-old  Princess  Elizabeth,  his
second cousin once removed, whom he had first met in 1934. During WW II he served
with the Mediterranean and Pacific fleets.
Elizabeth  and  Philip  had  four  children:   Charles  Prince  of  Wales  born  14  November

20
1948,  Anne  Princess  Royal  born  15  August  1950,   Andrew  Duke  of  York  born  19
February 1960 and Edward Earl of Wessex bron 10 March 1964.

33. Charles, Prince of Wales  born  14  November  1948)  is  the  heir  apparent  to  the
throne as the eldest child of Queen Elizabeth II.  He is the oldest and longest-serving heir
apparent in British history. He is also the longest-serving Prince of Wales, having held
that title since 1958.
Charles was born at Buckingham Palace.  He was educated at Cheam and Gordonstown
Schools,  which  his  father,  Prince  Philip,  had  attended  as  a  child.   After  earning  a
bachelor  of  arts  degree  from  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  Charles  served  in  the  Royal
Navy from 1971 to 1976.
In  1981,  he  married  Lady  Diana  Spencer.    Diana  was  born  on  1  July  1961  into  the
Spencer  family,  a  family  with  royal  ancestry  and  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  John
Spenser,  Viscount  Althorp,  and  Frances  Roche.  She  was  educated  in  England  and
Switzerland. In  1975—after her  father  inherited the  title  of Earl  Spencer—she  became
known  as  Lady  Diana  Spencer.  She  came  to  prominence  in  February  1981  when  her
engagement to Prince Charles was announced.
Diana  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  were  married  at  St.  Paul’s  Cathedral  on  29  July  1981.
The  marriage  produced  two  sons,  the  princes  William  and  Harry,  who  were  then
respectively second and third in the line of succession.
As  Princess  of  Wales,  Diana  undertook  royal  duties  on  behalf  of  the  Queen  and
represented her at functions overseas. She was celebrated for her charity work and also
raised awareness  and  advocated  ways  to  help  people  affected  with  HIV/AIDS,  cancer,
and mental illness.
In  1996,  Diana  and  Charles  divorced  following  well-publicized  extramarital  affairs  by
both parties. Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year on 31 August 1997. In
2005, Charles married long-time girlfriend, Camilla Parker Bowles.

21
37. Prince William, Duke of Cambridge was born on 21 June 1982. He is the elder
son of Charles and Diana and is second in line to the throne, after his father.
William obtained a  degree from the  University of  St. Andrews. In  December 2006,  he
completed 44 weeks of training as an officer cadet.  In April 2008, he qualified as a pilot
and  then  underwent  helicopter  flying  training  to  become  a  full-time  pilot.  His  service
with the British Armed Forces ended in September 2013.
William  married  Catherine  Middleton  on  29  April  2011  at  Westminster  Abbey.  The
couple  have  two  children,  Prince  George  and  Princess  Charlotte.   They  are  expecting
their third child in April 2018.

22
 Chapter 6
Children of Victoria and Albert

Queen Victoria and Albert were married on 10 February 1840. Within weeks of their wedding,
she  was  pregnant.  Between  November  of  that  year  and  April  1857,  the  royal  couple  had  nine
children; four princes and five princesses, as summarized below.

The  first  child, Victoria, Princess Royal, was born  on  21  November  1840.  She  was  highly
intelligent and her father doted on her. Victoria (aka Vicky) married Prince Frederick William of
Prussia  (Fritz)  on  25  January  1858  at  the  age  of  17,  an  alliance  that  had  political  motivation.
Frederick was born on 18 October 1831 in Potsdam, Germany.

Vicky and Fritz had eight children, the eldest of whom became Kaiser Wilhelm II.  Victoria died
on 5 August 1901 at the age of 61 years.  Her husband  died 13 years earlier on 15 June 1888 at
age 56 years.

Albert and Vicky’s son, Wilhelm  II, King George V of Britain  and Tsar Nicholas II of  Russia

were all cousins. George and Wilhelm were both grandsons of Queen Victoria, and Nicholas’s
wife, the Empress Alexandra, was Victoria’s granddaughter.

Wilhelm  born  27  January  1859.    Because  of  political  strife  in  Germany,  Kaiser  Wilhelm  II
abdicated on 10 November 1918.  Wilhelm fled to the Netherlands and into exile, never again to
step  on  German  soil.   He  was  content  to  continue  living  in  the  Netherlands,  under  German
occupation, believing that the Nazis would restore him to his throne. Of course, they did not, and
the 82-year-old embittered private citizen, once a kaiser, died the following year on 4 June 1941.

Albert, Prince of Wales was their first son.  He was born on 9 November 1841.  As discussed in

Chapter  5,  he  had  a  brief  affair  with  a  prostitute  called  Nellie  Clifden  in  1861.  It  was  a
scandalous  occurrence  which  subsequently  led  his  mother  to  blame  him  for  the  death  of  his
father later that year. 

At the age of 22, Albert (aka Bertie) married Princess Alexandra of Denmark in 1863.  She was
born on 1 December 1844 in Denmark. They had six children, five of whom survived infancy.
Bertie  undertook  numerous  foreign  tours  as  the  heir  apparent  to  the  throne  and  was  widely
praised for his diplomacy. Following the death of Queen Victoria in January 1901, he ascended
the throne as King Edward VII.   Bertie died nine years later on 6 May 1910 at age 69.  Princess
Alexandra survived Bertie by 15 years.  She died on 28 November 1925.

Princess Alice, the  second  daughter,  was  born  on  25  April  1843.   She  too  married  a  German
prince, Louis IV of Hesse, born on 12 September 1837 in Darmstadt, Germany.   Alice became
heavily  involved  in  nursing  during  the  Prussian  wars,  and  hospital  provisions  in  Hesse  were
much improved as a result of her efforts. Weakened by tireless hard work and the deaths of two
of  her  seven  children,  Alice  passed  away  at  the  age  of  just  35,  on  14  December  1878,  the
seventeenth anniversary of her father’s death. Louis IV died on 13 March 1892, fourteen years

23
seventeenth anniversary of her father’s death. Louis IV died on 13 March 1892, fourteen years
after his wife, Princess Alice.

Prince Alfred Ernest Albert, the second son, was born on 6 August 1844. Known as Affie, he

was  always  a  favorite  with  his  father.  He  joined  the  Navy  in  1858.   His  marriage  in  1874  to
Grand Duchess Marie of Russia occasionally caused friction with the rest of his family, as Marie
believed her imperial title should give her precedence over the other princesses.  Marie was born
on 17 October 1853 in St. Petersburg, Russia. 

Affie inherited the German duchy of Saxe-Coburg from his father’s brother Ernest in 1893. Affie
died around six months before Queen Victoria on 30 July 1900 at age 55. Marie died 20 years
after Affie on 24 October 1920 in Zurich, Switzerland.  She died at age 67.

Princess Helena was born on 25 May 1846. Helena, Victoria and Albert’s third daughter, was

often called Lenchen.   Helena wed Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein on 29 June 1866 and
resided at Frogmore, near to the Queen’s principal residence at Windsor.   Prince Christian was
born on 22 January 1831 in Denmark.  When they married, Helena was 20 and Christian was 35. 

Helena was heavily engaged in charity work throughout her life and was president of the Royal
British Nurses’  Association.  She and  Christian  celebrated  their golden  wedding  anniversary  in
1916, a unique achievement among Victoria and Albert’s children. She died on 9 June 1923 at
the age of 77.  Christian died on 28 October 1917 at age 86.

The  fourth  daughter  of  Victoria  and  Alfred  was Princess Louise, born  18  March  1848.  She
attended  the  National  Art  Training  School  of  Kensington  and  was  the  first  female  sculptor  to
have  a  statue  erected  in  a  public  place.   Louise  married  John  Campbell,  Marquis  of  Lorne,
a Scottish marquess and Member of Parliament.  He was born on 6 August 1845 in London.

Louise was unable to have children and was consequently the only one of Victoria and Albert’s
children to not become a parent.   She died at the age of 91 on 3 December 1939. Her husband,
Charles, died 25 years earlier on 2 May 1914 in England.

The seventh child was Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert who was born on 1 May 1850.

He joined the army in 1866. In 1874, he was created Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.  Arthur
married Princess Louise of Prussia on 13 March 1879.  They had three children. Arthur died on
16 January 1942 at the age of 91, making him Victoria and Albert’s longest-lived son by over
twenty years. Princess Louise was born on 25 July 1860 in Potsdam, Germany and died at the
age of 56 on 14 March 1917 in England.

Prince Leopold,  the  youngest  son,  was  born  on  7  April  1853.   He  was  the  first-known
hemophiliac  in  the  British  royal  family.  This  rare  disease  was  probably  caused  by  a  genetic
mutation in his mother. He studied at Oxford University and subsequently did much to champion
education and the arts in Britain. 

24
He  travelled  in  North  America  and  married  Princess  Helen  of  Waldeck-Pyrmont  in  1882.  She
was  born  on  17  February  1861  in  Germany.   His  fragile  health  meant  he  was  not  destined  to
reach an advanced  age, however, and  shortly before his  31st birthday he  suffered a fatal  brain
hemorrhage.  Leopold fathered two children; Alice and Charles.  He died on 28 March 1884.  His
wife, Princess Helen, survived him by 38 years.  She died on 1 September 1922 in Austria.

Princess Beatrice, was born on 14 April 1857. Princess Beatrice was just 4-years-old when her
father died in  late 1861. On  23 July 1885,  she married Prince  Henry of Battenberg,  born on  5
October 1858 in Milan, Italy. He died in Sierra Leone on 20 January 1896 at the age of 42 years.

A widow before she was forty, two of Beatrice’s four children also predeceased her.   Beatrice
was the last of Victoria and Albert’s nine children to die, passing away on 26 October 1944.  She
was 87 years of age.

____________________________________________________________________________
Source: http://www.historyinanhour.com/2014/01/22/victoria-alberts-children/

25
 Relationships to Queen Victoria
(THE GRANDMOTHER OF EUROPE)

Nearest
Relationship To Relationship Common Relative(s)
Price Albert, Victoria’s husband Half 1st cousin Henry VII & Eliz. of York
Mary I 1st cousin 10 times removed* Henry VII & Eliz. of York
Elizabeth I 1st cousin 10 times removed  James I & Anne of Denmark

Charles I 6th great uncle           James I & Anne of Denmark

Charles II 1st cousin 6 times removed  James I & Anne of Denmark
Mary II 2nd cousin 5 times removed    James I & Anne of Denmark

George I 3rd great-grandfather George II

George III Paternal grandfather Edward, Duke of Kent
George IV Uncle George III & Sophia 
William IV Uncle George III & Sophia 

George V Grandson Edward VIII

George VI Great-grandson Edward VII
Edward VIII Great-grandson Edward VII
Elizabeth II 2nd great granddaughter Edward VII

_____________________________________________________________________________
*The word "removed" means that the cousins come from different generations. "Once removed"
means that they are one generation apart, "twice removed" means that they are two
generations apart, and so on.

26
 Chapter 7
Relationships to Henry VII

Monarch From To Yrs. Reigned Relationship to Henry VII House

Henry VII 1485 1509 24 Self Tudor
Henry VIII 1509 1547 38 Son Tudor
Edward VI 1547 1553 6 Grandson Tudor
Mary I 1553 1558 5 Granddaughter Tudor
Elizabeth I 1558 1603 45 Granddaughter Tudor-118 yrs.
James I 1603 1625 22 2nd Great-grandson Stuart
Charles I* 1625 1649 24 3rd Great-grandson Stuart
Chares II 1660 1685 25 4th Great-grandson Stuart
James II 1685 1688 3 4th Great-grandson Stuart
Mary II 1689 1694 5 5th Great-granddaughter Stuart
William III 1689 1702 13 Husband of Mary II Stuart
Anne 1702 1714 12 5th Great-granddaughter Stuart-104 yrs.
George I 1714 1727 13 5th Great-grandson Hanover
George II 1727 1760 33 6th Great-grandson Hanover
George III 1760 1820 60 8th Great-grandson Hanover
George IV 1820 1830 10 9th Great-grandson Hanover
William VI 1830 1837 7 9th Great-grandson Hanover
Victoria 1837 1901 64 10th Great-granddaughter Hanover-187 yrs
Edward VII 1901 1910 9 11th Great-grandson Saxe-Coburg-9 yrs
George V 1910 1936 26 12th Great-grandson Windsor
Edward VIII 1936 1936 1 13th Great-grandson Windsor
George VI 1936 1952 16 13th Great-grandson Windsor
Elizabeth II 1952      ** 14th Great-granddaughter Windsor-83 YTD
___________________________________________________________________________
*Because of England's Civil War, Cromwell declared himself "Lord Protector" 1650-1660
**Elizabeth II has reigned 66 yrs. as of this writing, February 2018 

27
 Chapter 8
An American Connection

During  my  previous  research  of  the  Hillegass  family  who  immigrated  from
Germany and settled in Montgomery  County, Pennsylvania, I found a  connection
of the Hillegass family to Princes Diana.
Diana was born into the Spencer family, a family with royal ancestry and was the
youngest daughter of John Spenser, Viscount Althorp, and Frances Roche. Diana’s
mother, Frances  Roche,  was  a  daughter  of  Edmund  Roche  4th  Baron  of  Fermoy.
Edmund’s parents were James Burke 3rd Baron Fermoy and Frances Ellen Work.
Frances  Ellen  Work,  the  daughter  of  Franklin  H.  Work,  was  a  wealthy,  young
socialite born in New York City.  Her father, Franklin Work, was a banker, broker
and  speculator,  and  his  wealth  was  measured  in  the  millions.  He  was  a  peer  of
Commodore  Vanderbilt,  and  when  Franklin  died  in  1911  he  was  worth  about
$15-20 million.  Today (2018), his estate would be worth about $400 million.
Franklin, however, did not approve of his daughter's "foreign" marriage and he did
not want any of his estate going to any foreigners, no matter how titled. He made
his money in America and that is where he wanted the money to remain.

"It's  time  this  international  marrying  came  to  a  stop,  for  our  American  girls  are
ruining  our  country  by  it.  As  fast  as  our  honorable,  hard-working  men  can  earn
their money, their daughters take it and toss it across the ocean. And, for what? For
the purpose of a title and the privilege of paying the debts of so-called noblemen! If
I had anything to say about the matter, I'd make an international marriage a hanging
offence."   This  quote  was  made  by  Franklin  Work  that  appeared  in  the  17  Mar
1911, New York Daily Tribune.

In  spite  of  her  father's  objections,  in  1880  at  Christ  Church,  New  York  City,
Frances (age 23) married James Boothby Burke Roche (age 29), who would later
become the 3rd Baron Fermoy and the great-grandfather of Princess Diana.

As noted above, Frances’s father was Franklin  H. Work.    His mother was  Sarah

Ducan Boude, and Sarah’s great-grandfather was Grimston Boude who was born in
Sussex,  England  on  6  January  1661.   Grimston’s  son,  Samuel  Boude,  married
Henrietta  Cox  Boude  who  married  Michael  Hillegass  on  10  May  1753  at  Christ
Church, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

28
Henrietta  Cox  Boude  is  the  1st  cousin  6  times  removed  of  Lady  Diana  Frances
Princess  of  Wales.   Henrietta’s  and  Michael  Hillegass’s  ten  children  are  2nd
cousins 7 times removed of Princess Diana.  These ten Hillegass children produced
numerous descendants, many of whom reside in Pennsylvania today.    

29
 Descendants of Henry (1485-1509) VII

Generation 1
1. HENRY1 (1485-1509) VII was born on 28 Jan 1457 in Pembroke Castle, Wales. He died in 1509. He
married ELIZABETH OF YORK. She was born about 1460.
Henry (1485-1509) VII and Elizabeth of York had the following children:
+2. i. MARGARET2 TUDOR was born on 28 Nov 1489. She died on 18 Oct 1541. She
married James IV King of Scotland in 1503. He was born in 1473. He died in 1513.
+3. ii. HENRY (1509-1547) VIII was born in 1491 in Greenwich. He died in 1547 in Whitehall
Palance, London. He married (1) CATHERINE OF ARAGON, daughter of Ferdinand II
of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, on 11 Jun 1509 in Greenwich Palace (anulled
5/23/1533). She was born on 16 Dec 1485 in Spain (Marriage declared invalid. She
was banished from court). She died on 07 Jan 1536. He married (2) ANN BOLEYN,
daughter of Earl Thomas Boleyn and Elizabeth Howard, on 25 Jan 1533 in
Westminster Abbey (annulled 5/17/1536). She was born between 1501-1502
(marriage annulled). She died on 19 May 1536 in (beheaded). He married (3) JANE
SEYMOUR, daughter of Sir John Seymour and Margaret Wentworth, on 30 May 1536
in York Place. She was born between 1504-1509. She died on 24 Oct 1537. He
married (4) ANNE OF CLEVES, daughter of Duke John III of Cleves and Maria of
Juelich-Berg, on 06 Jan 1540. She was born on 22 Sep 1515 (Marriage annuled
7/5/1540). She died on 16 Jul 1557. He married (5) CATHERINE HOWARD, daughter
of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper, on 28 Jul 1540. She was born in
1523 (beheaded 2/13/1542, on the grounds of treason for committing adultery). She
died on 13 Feb 1542. He married (6) CATHERINE PARR on 12 Jul 1543. She was
born in Aug 1512 (Reigned from 1543 to 1547). She died on 07 Sep 1548.
Generation 2
2. MARGARET2 TUDOR (Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 28 Nov 1489. She died on 18 Oct 1541.
She married James IV King of Scotland in 1503. He was born in 1473. He died in 1513.
James IV King of Scotland and Margaret Tudor had the following child:
+4. i. JAMES V KING OF3 SCOTLAND was born on 10 Apr 1512. He died on 15 Dec 1542.
He married (1) MADELEINE OF VALOIS on 01 Jan 1537 in Notre Dame de Paris. She
was born about 1515. She died in Jul 1537. He married (2) MARY OF GUISE on 12
Jun 1538 in (married by proxy). She was born about 1520.
3. HENRY2 (1509-1547) VIII (Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born in 1491 in Greenwich. He died in 1547 in
Whitehall Palance, London. He married (1) CATHERINE OF ARAGON, daughter of Ferdinand II of
Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, on 11 Jun 1509 in Greenwich Palace (anulled 5/23/1533). She
was born on 16 Dec 1485 in Spain (Marriage declared invalid. She was banished from court). She
died on 07 Jan 1536. He married (2) ANN BOLEYN, daughter of Earl Thomas Boleyn and Elizabeth
Howard, on 25 Jan 1533 in Westminster Abbey (annulled 5/17/1536). She was born between
1501-1502 (marriage annulled). She died on 19 May 1536 in (beheaded). He married (3) JANE
SEYMOUR, daughter of Sir John Seymour and Margaret Wentworth, on 30 May 1536 in York Place.
She was born between 1504-1509. She died on 24 Oct 1537. He married (4) ANNE OF CLEVES,
daughter of Duke John III of Cleves and Maria of Juelich-Berg, on 06 Jan 1540. She was born on
22 Sep 1515 (Marriage annuled 7/5/1540). She died on 16 Jul 1557. He married (5) CATHERINE
HOWARD, daughter of Lord Edmund Howard and Joyce Culpeper, on 28 Jul 1540. She was born in
1523 (beheaded 2/13/1542, on the grounds of treason for committing adultery). She died on 13
Feb 1542. He married (6) CATHERINE PARR on 12 Jul 1543. She was born in Aug 1512 (Reigned
from 1543 to 1547). She died on 07 Sep 1548.
Henry (1509-1547) VIII and Catherine of Aragon had the following child:
5. i. MARY I QUEEN OF ENGLAND3 (1553-1558) was born on 18 Feb 1516 in Greenwich.
She died on 17 Nov 1558 in (no issue). She married Philip of Spain in 1554. He was
born about 1515.
Henry (1509-1547) VIII and Ann Boleyn had the following child:
6. i. ELIZABETH I QUEEN OF ENGLAND3 (1558-1603) was born in 1533 in Greenwich. She

30
 Generation 2 (con't)
6. i. ELIZABETH I QUEEN OF ENGLAND3 (1558-1603) was born in 1533 in Greenwich. She
died in 1603 in (no issue).
Henry (1509-1547) VIII and Jane Seymour had the following child:
7. i. EDWARD3 (1547-1553) VI was born on 12 Oct 1537 in Hampton Court. He died on 06
Jul 1553 in Greenwich.
Generation 3
4. JAMES V KING OF3 SCOTLAND (Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 10 Apr 1512.
He died on 15 Dec 1542. He married (1) MADELEINE OF VALOIS on 01 Jan 1537 in Notre Dame de
Paris. She was born about 1515. She died in Jul 1537. He married (2) MARY OF GUISE on 12 Jun
1538 in (married by proxy). She was born about 1520.
James V King of Scotland and Mary of Guise had the following children:
8. i. ROBERT (DUKE OF ALBANY)4 STEWART was born in Apr 1541.
+9. ii. MARIE (QUEEN OF SCOTS) STUART was born on 08 Dec 1542. She died on 08 Feb
1587 in (beheaded). She married (1) HENRY (1ST DUKE OF ALBANY) STUART. He was
born on 07 Dec 1545. He died on 10 Feb 1567. She married (2) FRANCIS II KING OF
FRANCE (1559-1560). He was born about 1540. He died on 05 Dec 1560.
Generation 4
9. MARIE (QUEEN OF SCOTS)4 STUART (James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1
(1485-1509) VII) was born on 08 Dec 1542. She died on 08 Feb 1587 in (beheaded). She married
(1) HENRY (1ST DUKE OF ALBANY) STUART. He was born on 07 Dec 1545. He died on 10 Feb 1567.
She married (2) FRANCIS II KING OF FRANCE (1559-1560). He was born about 1540. He died on 05
Dec 1560.
Henry (1st Duke of Albany) Stuart and Marie (Queen of Scots) Stuart had the following child:
+10. i. JAMES5 (1603-1625) I was born in 1566 in Edinburgy Castle. He died in 1625. He
married Anne of Denmark & Norway in 1589. She was born about 1570.
Generation 5
10. JAMES5 (1603-1625) I (Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor,
Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born in 1566 in Edinburgy Castle. He died in 1625. He married Anne
of Denmark & Norway in 1589. She was born about 1570.
James (1603-1625) I and Anne of Denmark & Norway had the following children:
+11. i. ELIZABETH6 STUART was born on 18 Aug 1596. She died on 13 Feb 1662. She
married Frederick (Elector of the Palatinate) V on 14 Feb 1613. He was born about
1595.
+12. ii. CHARLES (1625-1649) I was born on 19 Nov 1600 in Scotland. He died on 30 Jan
1649 in (executed-condemned by Parliment). He married Henrietta Maria (dau. King
Henri IV of France) in 1625. She was born about 1605.
Generation 6
11. ELIZABETH6 STUART (James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4, James V King of3 Scotland,
Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 18 Aug 1596. She died on 13 Feb 1662.
She married Frederick (Elector of the Palatinate) V on 14 Feb 1613. He was born about 1595.
Frederick (Elector of the Palatinate) V and Elizabeth Stuart had the following child:
+13. i. SOPHIA OF THE RHINELAND7 PALATINATE was born on 14 Oct 1630. She died on 08
Jun 1714. She married Ernest Augustus (Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg) on 30 Sep
1658. He was born about 1625. He died on 23 Jan 1698.
12. CHARLES6 (1625-1649) I (James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3
Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 19 Nov 1600 in Scotland. He died
on 30 Jan 1649 in (executed-condemned by Parliment). He married Henrietta Maria (dau. King
Henri IV of France) in 1625. She was born about 1605.

31
 Generation 6 (con't)
Charles (1625-1649) I and Henrietta Maria (dau. King Henri IV of France) had the following
children:
14. i. CHARLES7 (1660-1685) II was born on 29 May 1630 in St. James Place, London. He
died on 06 Feb 1685. He married KATHERINE HENRIETTA OF PORTUGAL. She was
born about 1635.
+15. ii. JAMES (1685-1688) II was born on 14 Oct 1633 in St. James Place, London. He died
on 16 Sep 1701. He married (1) ANNE HYDE OF CLARENDON. She was born in 1637.
She died in 1671. He married (2) MARY OF MODENA. She was born in 1658. She
died in 1718.
Generation 7
13. SOPHIA OF THE RHINELAND7 PALATINATE (Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of
Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on
14 Oct 1630. She died on 08 Jun 1714. She married Ernest Augustus (Duke of
Brunswick-Luneburg) on 30 Sep 1658. He was born about 1625. He died on 23 Jan 1698.
Ernest Augustus (Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg) and Sophia of the Rhineland Palatinate had the
following child:
+16. i. GEORGE8 (1714-1727) I was born on 28 May 1660 in Osnabruch, Germany. He died
on 11 Jun 1727. He married Sophia Dorothea in 1682. She was born on 15 Sep
1668. She died on 13 Nov 1726.
15. JAMES7 (1685-1688) II (Charles6 (1625-1649) I, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4
Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 14 Oct
1633 in St. James Place, London. He died on 16 Sep 1701. He married (1) ANNE HYDE OF
CLARENDON. She was born in 1637. She died in 1671. He married (2) MARY OF MODENA. She was
born in 1658. She died in 1718.
James (1685-1688) II and Anne Hyde of Clarendon had the following children:
17. i. MARY8 (1689-1694) II was born on 30 Apr 1662. She died on 28 Dec 1694. She
married WILLIAM III PRINCE OF ORANGE (1689-1702). He was born on 04 Nov 1650. He
died on 08 Mar 1702.
18. ii. ANNE (1702-1714) was born in 1665 in London, England. She died in 1714. She
married GEORGE OF DENMARK. He was born about 1660.
Generation 8
16. GEORGE8 (1714-1727) I (Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625)
I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1
(1485-1509) VII) was born on 28 May 1660 in Osnabruch, Germany. He died on 11 Jun 1727. He
married Sophia Dorothea in 1682. She was born on 15 Sep 1668. She died on 13 Nov 1726.
George (1714-1727) I and Sophia Dorothea had the following child:
+19. i. GEORGE9 (1727-1760) II was born on 10 Nov 1683 in Hanover, Germany. He died on
25 Oct 1760 in London, England. He married Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach in
1705. She was born on 01 Mar 1683. She died on 20 Nov 1737.
Generation 9
19. GEORGE9 (1727-1760) II (George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6
Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland,
Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 10 Nov 1683 in Hanover, Germany. He
died on 25 Oct 1760 in London, England. He married Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1705.
She was born on 01 Mar 1683. She died on 20 Nov 1737.
George (1727-1760) II and Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach had the following child:
+20. i. FREDERICK10 (PRINCE OF WALES) was born on 01 Feb 1707. He died on 31 Mar
1751. He married Augusta of Saxe-Gotha in 1736. She was born about 1710.

32
 Generation 10
20. FREDERICK10 (PRINCE OF WALES) (George9 (1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the
Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart,
James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 01 Feb 1707.
He died on 31 Mar 1751. He married Augusta of Saxe-Gotha in 1736. She was born about 1710.
Frederick (Prince of Wales) and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha had the following children:
21. i. AUGUSTA CHARLOTTE OF11 WALES was born on 31 Jul 1737. She died on 23 Mar
1813. She married Karl William Ferdinand (Duke of Brunswick-Lunebu on 16 Jan
1764. He was born on 09 Oct 1735 in Germany. He died on 10 Nov 1806.
+22. ii. GEORGE (1760-1820) III was born on 04 Jun 1738 in London, England. He died on 29
Jan 1820. He married Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz on 08 Sep 1761.
She was born on 19 May 1744. She died on 17 Nov 1818.
Generation 11
22. GEORGE11 (1760-1820) III (Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8
(1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie
(Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII)
was born on 04 Jun 1738 in London, England. He died on 29 Jan 1820. He married Sophia
Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz on 08 Sep 1761. She was born on 19 May 1744. She died on 17
Nov 1818.
George (1760-1820) III and Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz had the following children:
23. i. GEORGE12 (1820-1830) IV was born on 12 Aug 1762 in London, England. He died on
26 Jun 1830. He married (1) MARIA ANNE (FITZHERBERT) SMYTHE on 15 Dec 1785.
She was born on 26 Jul 1756. She died on 27 Mar 1837. He married (2) CAROLINE
AMELIA ELIZABETH OF BRUNSWICK-WOLFENBUT on 08 Apr 1795. She was born on 15
May 1768. She died on 07 Aug 1821.
24. ii. WILLIAM (1830-1837) IV was born on 21 Aug 1765 in Buckingham Palace, London,
England. He died on 20 Jun 1837. He married Adelaide of Saxe-Meniningen on 11
Jul 1818. She was born on 13 Aug 1792. She died on 02 Dec 1849.
+25. iii. EDWARD (DUKE OF KENT) was born on 02 Nov 1767 in London, England. He died on
23 Jan 1820 in England. He married Victoria of Saxe-Colburg-Saalfeld, daughter of
Francis (Duke) of Saxe-Gotha and Augusta of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, on 29 May
1818. She was born on 17 Aug 1786. She died on 16 Mar 1861.
Generation 12
25. EDWARD12 (DUKE OF KENT) (George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9
(1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart,
James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2
Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 02 Nov 1767 in London, England. He died on 23 Jan
1820 in England. He married Victoria of Saxe-Colburg-Saalfeld, daughter of Francis (Duke) of
Saxe-Gotha and Augusta of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, on 29 May 1818. She was born on 17 Aug
1786. She died on 16 Mar 1861.
Edward (Duke of Kent) and Victoria of Saxe-Colburg-Saalfeld had the following child:
+26. i. VICTORIA13 (1837-1901) was born on 24 May 1819 in London, England. She died on
22 Jan 1901. She married Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, son of Ernest I (Duke)
Saxe-Coburg and Louise of Saxe-Gotha, on 10 Feb 1840. He was born on 26 Aug
1819 in Coburg, Bayern, Germany. He died on 14 Dec 1861 in Windsor Castle,
London, England.
Generation 13
26. VICTORIA13 (1837-1901)(Edward12 (Duke of Kent), George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of
Wales), George (1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate,
9

Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3
Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 24 May 1819 in London, England.

33
 Generation 13 (con't)
Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 24 May 1819 in London, England.
She died on 22 Jan 1901. She married Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, son of Ernest I (Duke)
Saxe-Coburg and Louise of Saxe-Gotha, on 10 Feb 1840. He was born on 26 Aug 1819 in Coburg,
Bayern, Germany. He died on 14 Dec 1861 in Windsor Castle, London, England.
Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Victoria (1837-1901) had the following children:
+27. i. PRINCES VICTORIA OF14 SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 21 Nov 1840. She died
on 05 Aug 1901. She married Prince Frederick William of Prussia on 25 Jan 1858.
He was born on 18 Oct 1831 in Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany. He died on 15
Jun 1888 in Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
+28. ii. EDWARD (1901-1910) VII was born on 09 Nov 1841 in Buckingham Palace, London,
England. He died on 06 May 1910 in Buckingham Palace, London, England. He
married Alexandra of Denmark on 10 Mar 1863 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
She was born on 01 Dec 1844. She died on 28 Nov 1925.
29. iii. PRINCESS ALICE OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 25 Apr 1843. She died on 14
Dec 1878. She married Prince Louis IV of Hesse on 01 Jul 1862. He was born on
12 Sep 1837 in Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany. He died on 13 Mar 1892
in Neues Dorf, Kamenz, Sachsen, Germany.
30. iv. PRINCE ALFRED ERNEST ALBERT OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 06 Aug 1844.
He died on 30 Jul 1900. He married Grand Dutchess Marie of Russia in 1874. She
was born on 17 Oct 1853 in St Petersburg, Russia. She died on 24 Oct 1920 in
Zurich, Switzerland.
31. v. PRINCESS HELENA OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 26 May 1846. She died on
09 Jun 1923. She married Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein on 29 Jun 1866.
He was born on 22 Jan 1831 in Denmark. He died on 28 Oct 1917.
32. vi. PRINCESS LOUISE SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 18 Mar 1848 (Unable to have
children). She died on 03 Dec 1939. She married MARQUIS OF LORNE JOHN
CAMPBELL. He was born on 06 Aug 1845 in London, England (A Scottish
marquess). He died on 02 May 1914 in England.
33. vii. PRINCE ARTHUR WILLIAM PATRICK ALBERT OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 01
May 1850. He died on 16 Jan 1942. He married Princess Louise of Prussia on 13
Mar 1879. She was born on 25 Jul 1860 in Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany (Had
three chidren). She died on 14 Mar 1917 in England.
+34. viii. PRINCE LEOPOLD OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 07 Apr 1853. He died on 28
Mar 1884. He married Princess Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont in 1882. She was born
on 17 Feb 1861 in Germany. She died on 01 Sep 1922 in Tyrol, Austria.
35. ix. PRINCESS BEATRICE OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA was born on 15 Apr 1857. She died on
26 Oct 1944. She married Prince Henry of Battenberg in 1885. He was born on 05
Oct 1853 in Milan, Italy. He died on 20 Jan 1896 in Sierra Leone.
Generation 14
27. PRINCES VICTORIA OF14 SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA (Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of Kent),
George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8
(1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie
(Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII)
was born on 21 Nov 1840. She died on 05 Aug 1901. She married Prince Frederick William of
Prussia on 25 Jan 1858. He was born on 18 Oct 1831 in Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany. He
died on 15 Jun 1888 in Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
Prince Frederick William of Prussia and Princes Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha had the following
child:
36. i. KAISER WILHELM II15 PRUSSIA was born on 27 Jan 1859. He died on 04 Jun 1941.
28. EDWARD14 (1901-1910) VII (Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of Kent), George11 (1760-1820)
III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the
Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart,

34
 Generation 14 (con't)
Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart,
James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 09 Nov 1841 in
Buckingham Palace, London, England. He died on 06 May 1910 in Buckingham Palace, London,
England. He married Alexandra of Denmark on 10 Mar 1863 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. She
was born on 01 Dec 1844. She died on 28 Nov 1925.
Edward (1901-1910) VII and Alexandra of Denmark had the following child:
+37. i. GEORGE15 (1910-1936) V was born on 03 Jun 1865 in London, England. He died on
20 Jan 1936. He married Mary of Teck on 06 Jul 1893 in St. George's Chapel,
Windsor. She was born on 26 May 1867. She died on 24 Mar 1953.
34. PRINCE LEOPOLD OF14 SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA (Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of Kent),
George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8
(1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie
(Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII)
was born on 07 Apr 1853. He died on 28 Mar 1884. He married Princess Helen of
Waldeck-Pyrmont in 1882. She was born on 17 Feb 1861 in Germany. She died on 01 Sep 1922 in
Tyrol, Austria.
Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and Princess Helen of Waldeck-Pyrmont had the following
child:
38. i. DUKE OF SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA15 CHARLES was born on 19 Jul 1884. He died on 06
Mar 1954 in Colburg. He married PRINCESS VICTORIA ADELAIDE OF
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN . She was born on 31 Dec 1885. She died on 03 Oct 1970.
Generation 15
37. GEORGE15 (1910-1936) V (Edward14 (1901-1910) VII, Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of
Kent), George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8
(1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie
(Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII)
was born on 03 Jun 1865 in London, England. He died on 20 Jan 1936. He married Mary of Teck
on 06 Jul 1893 in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. She was born on 26 May 1867. She died on 24
Mar 1953.
George (1910-1936) V and Mary of Teck had the following children:
39. i. EDWARD16 (1936) VIII was born on 23 Jun 1894. He died on 28 May 1972. He
married BESSIE WALLIS WARFIELD. She was born on 19 Jun 1895. She died on 24
Apr 1986.
+40. ii. GEORGE VI HOUSE OF WINDSOR (1936-1952) was born on 14 Dec 1895. He died on 06
Feb 1952. He married Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Queen Mother) on 26 Apr 1923 in
Westminster Abbey. She was born on 04 Aug 1900. She died on 30 Mar 2002.
Generation 16
40. GEORGE VI HOUSE OF WINDSOR16 (1936-1952) (George15 (1910-1936) V, Edward14 (1901-1910) VII,
Victoria (1837-1901), Edward (Duke of Kent), George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of
13 12

Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate,
Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3
Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 14 Dec 1895. He died on 06 Feb
1952. He married Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Queen Mother) on 26 Apr 1923 in Westminster Abbey.
She was born on 04 Aug 1900. She died on 30 Mar 2002.
George VI House of Windsor (1936-1952) and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Queen Mother) had the
following children:
+41. i. ELIZABETH ALEXANDRA MARY WINDSOR17 (1952) was born on 21 Apr 1926 in London,
England. She married Philip Prince of Greece Mountbatten on 20 Nov 1947. He
was born about 1915.
42. ii. MARGARET HOUSE OF WINDSOR was born on 21 Aug 1930.

Generation 17

35
 Generation 17 (con't)
41. ELIZABETH ALEXANDRA MARY WINDSOR17 (1952) (George VI House of Windsor16 (1936-1952),
George15 (1910-1936) V, Edward14 (1901-1910) VII, Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of
Kent), George11 (1760-1820) III, Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8
(1714-1727) I, Sophia of the Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie
(Queen of Scots)4 Stuart, James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII)
was born on 21 Apr 1926 in London, England. She married Philip Prince of Greece Mountbatten on
20 Nov 1947. He was born about 1915.
Philip Prince of Greece Mountbatten and Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor (1952) had the
following children:
+43. i. CHARLES PHILIP ARTHUR PRINCE OF WALES18 WINDSOR was born on 14 Nov 1948.
He married Lady Diana Frances Princess of Wales Spencer, daughter of Edward
JohnI Earl of Spencer VIII and Frances Ruth Burke Roche, on 29 Jul 1981 in St.
Paul's Catherral, London, England. She was born on 01 Jul 1961 in Park House,
Sandringham, Norfolk, England. She died on 31 Aug 1997 in Paris, France.
44. ii. ANNE PRINCESS ROYAL WINDSOR was born on 15 Aug 1950.
45. iii. ANDREW DUKE OF YORK WINDSOR was born on 19 Feb 1960.
46. iv. EDWARD EARL OF WESSEX WINDSOR was born on 10 Mar 1964.

Generation 18
43. CHARLES PHILIP ARTHUR PRINCE OF WALES18 WINDSOR (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor17
(1952), George VI House of Windsor16 (1936-1952), George15 (1910-1936) V, Edward14
(1901-1910) VII, Victoria13 (1837-1901), Edward12 (Duke of Kent), George11 (1760-1820) III,
Frederick10 (Prince of Wales), George9 (1727-1760) II, George8 (1714-1727) I, Sophia of the
Rhineland7 Palatinate, Elizabeth6 Stuart, James5 (1603-1625) I, Marie (Queen of Scots)4 Stuart,
James V King of3 Scotland, Margaret2 Tudor, Henry1 (1485-1509) VII) was born on 14 Nov 1948.
He married Lady Diana Frances Princess of Wales Spencer, daughter of Edward JohnI Earl of
Spencer VIII and Frances Ruth Burke Roche, on 29 Jul 1981 in St. Paul's Catherral, London,
England. She was born on 01 Jul 1961 in Park House, Sandringham, Norfolk, England. She died
on 31 Aug 1997 in Paris, France.
Charles Philip Arthur Prince of Wales Windsor and Lady Diana Frances Princess of Wales
Spencer had the following children:
47. i. WM. ARTHUR LOUIS PHILIP PRINCE OF WALES19 WINDSOR was born on 21 Jun 1982 in
Paddington, London, England (Duke of Cambridge). He married Catherine
Elizabeth Middleton, daughter of Michael Francis Middleton and Carole Elizabeth
Goldsmith, on 29 Apr 2011 in Westminster Abbey, London, England. She was born
on 09 Jan 1982 in Reading, Berkshire, England (Dutchess of Cambridge).
48. ii. HENRY CHS. ALBERT DAVID PRINCE OF WALES WINDSOR was born on 15 Sep 1984 in
Paddington, London, England.

36
 Index of Individuals
B
(1485-1509), Henry VII: 30 Battenberg, Prince Henry of: 34
(1509-1547), Henry VIII: 30,31 Boleyn, Ann: 30
(1547-1553), Edward VI: 31 Boleyn, Earl Thomas: 30
(1553-1558), Mary I Queen of England: 30 Brandenburg-Ansbach, Caroline of: 32
(1558-1603), Elizabeth I Queen of England: Brunswick-Lunebu, Karl William Ferdinand
30 (Duke of: 33
(1559-1560), Francis II King of France: 31 Brunswick-Wolfenbut, Caroline Amelia
(1603-1625), James I: 31 Elizabeth of: 33
(1625-1649), Charles I: 31,32 C
(1660-1685), Charles II: 32
Campbell, Marquis of Lorne John: 34
(1685-1688), James II: 32
Castile, Isabella I of: 30
(1689-1694), Mary II: 32
Charles, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha: 35
(1689-1702), William III Prince of Orange: 32
Clarendon, Anne Hyde of: 32
(1702-1714), Anne: 32
Cleves, Anne of: 30
(1714-1727), George I: 32
Cleves, Duke John III of: 30
(1727-1760), George II: 32
Culpeper, Joyce: 30
(1760-1820), George III: 33
(1820-1830), George IV: 33 D
(1830-1837), William IV: 33 Denmark, Alexandra of: 34,35
(1837-1901), Victoria: 33,34 Denmark, George of: 32
(1901-1910), Edward VII: 34,35 Dorothea, Sophia: 32
(1910-1936), George V: 35 G
(1936), Edward VIII: 35
Goldsmith, Carole Elizabeth: 36
(1936-1952), George VI House of Windsor:
35 Guise, Mary of: 30,31
(1952), Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor: H
35,36 Hesse, Prince Louis IV of: 34
(4th Lord of Lennox), Matthew (Stewart) Howard, Catherine: 30
Sturat: 31 Howard, Elizabeth: 30
(dau. King Henri IV of France), Henrietta Howard, Lord Edmund: 30
Maria: 31,32
J
(Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg), Ernest
Augustus: 31,32 Juelich-Berg, Maria of: 30
(Duke of Kent), Edward: 33 M
(Elector of the Palatinate), Frederick V: 31 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Sophia Charlotte of: 33
(Prince of Orange), William II: 32 Middleton, Catherine Elizabeth: 36
(Prince of Wales), Frederick: 32,33 Middleton, Michael Francis: 36
(Queen Mother), Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon: 35 Modena, Mary of: 32
A Mountbatten, Philip Prince of Greece: 35,36
Aragon, Catherine of: 30 N
Aragon, Ferdinand II of: 30 Norway, Anne of Denmark &: 31

37
 Index of Individuals
P Stuart, Elizabeth: 31
Stuart, Henry (1st Duke of Albany): 31
Palatinate, Sophia of the Rhineland: 31,32
Stuart, Marie (Queen of Scots): 31
Parr, Catherine: 30
Portugal, Katherine Henrietta of: 32 T
Prussia, Kaiser Wilhelm II: 34 Teck, Mary of: 35
Prussia, Prince Frederick William of: 34 Tudor, Margaret: 30
Prussia, Princess Louise of: 34 V
R Valois, Madeleine of: 30,31
Roche, Frances Ruth Burke: 36 W
Russia, Grand Dutchess Marie of: 34
Waldeck-Pyrmont, Princess Helen of: 34,35
S Wales, Augusta Charlotte of: 33
Saxe-Coburg, Ernest I (Duke): 33 Warfield, Bessie Wallis: 35
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Albert of: 33,34 Wentworth, Margaret: 30
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prince Alfred Ernest Windsor, Andrew Duke of York: 36
Albert of: 34 Windsor, Anne Princess Royal: 36
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prince Arthur William Windsor, Charles Philip Arthur Prince of
Patrick Albert of: 34 Wales: 36
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prince Leopold of: 34,35 Windsor, Edward Earl of Wessex: 36
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Princes Victoria of: 34 Windsor, Henry Chs. Albert David Prince of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Princess Alice of: 34 Wales: 36
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Princess Beatrice of: 34 Windsor, Margaret House of: 35
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Princess Helena of: 34 Windsor, Wm. Arthur Louis Philip Prince of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Princess Louise: 34 Wales: 36
Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Augusta of: 33 Y
Saxe-Colburg-Saalfeld, Victoria of: 33
York, Elizabeth of: 30
Saxe-Gotha, Augusta of: 32,33
Saxe-Gotha, Francis (Duke) of: 33
Saxe-Gotha, Louise of: 33
Saxe-Meniningen, Adelaide of: 33
Schleswig-Holstein, Prince Christian of: 34
Schleswig-Holstein, Princess Victoria
Adelaide of: 35
Scotland, James IV King of: 30
Scotland, James V King of: 30,31
Seymour, Jane: 30,31
Seymour, Sir John: 30
Smythe, Maria Anne (Fitzherbert): 33
Spain, Philip of: 30
Spencer, Edward JohnI Earl of VIII: 36
Spencer, Lady Diana Frances Princess of
Wales: 36
Stewart, Robert (Duke of Albany): 31
38