MAT 17: Introduction to Mathematics

Truth Tables for Compound Logical Statements and Propositions – Answers

Directions: Complete a truth table for each exercise. Identify any tautologies and equivalent
basic statements (i.e., NOT, AND, OR, IF-THEN, IFF, etc.) where appropriate.

1. (𝑝 ∧ 𝑞) ∨ ~𝑝

𝑝 𝑞 𝑝∧𝑞 ~𝑝 (𝑝 ∧ 𝑞 ) ∨ ~𝑝
T T T F T
T F F F F
F T F T T
F F F T T

Equivalent to 𝑝 → 𝑞

2. ~𝑞 → (~𝑝 ∨ 𝑞)

𝑝 𝑞 ~𝑞 ~𝑝 ~𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 ~𝑞 → (~𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 )
T T F F T T
T F T F F F
F T F T T T
F F T T T T

Equivalent to 𝑝 → 𝑞

3. (~𝑝 → 𝑞) ∨ (~𝑝 ∧ ~𝑞)

𝑝 𝑞 ~𝑝 ~𝑝 → 𝑞 ~𝑞 ~𝑝 ∧ ~𝑞 (~𝑝 → 𝑞 ) ∨ (~𝑝 ∧ ~𝑞 )
T T F T F F T
T F F T T F T
F T T T F F T
F F T F T T T

Tautology

Prof. Fowler
4. [ 𝑝 ∧ (𝑞 ∨ ~𝑟) ] → (~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞)

𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 ~𝑟 𝑞 ∨ ~𝑟 𝑝 ∧ (𝑞 ∨ ~𝑟) ~𝑝 ~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞 [ 𝑝 ∧ (𝑞 ∨ ~𝑟) ] → (~𝑝 ∧ 𝑞 )

T T T F T T F F F
T T F T T T F F F
T F T F F F F F T
T F F T T T F F F
F T T F T F T T T
F T F T T F T T T
F F T F F F T F T
F F F T T F T F T

Prof. Fowler
5. [ (~𝑞 ∧ 𝑝) → 𝑟 ] ↔ [ (~𝑟 → ~𝑞) ∨ 𝑝 ]

𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 ~𝑞 ~𝑞 ∧ 𝑝 (~𝑞 ∧ 𝑝) → 𝑟 ~𝑟 ~𝑟 → ~𝑞 (~𝑟 → ~𝑞) ∨ 𝑝 [ (~𝑞 ∧ 𝑝) → 𝑟 ] ↔ [ (~𝑟 → ~𝑞) ∨ 𝑝 ]

T T T F F T F T T T
T T F F F T T F T T
T F T T T T F T T T
T F F T T F T T T F
F T T F F T F T T T
F T F F F T T F F F
F F T T F T F T T T
F F F T F T T T T T

Prof. Fowler
6. { 𝑟 ∧ [ (~𝑠 ∨ 𝑞) ↔ ~𝑝 ] } → [ ~(~𝑞 ↔ 𝑟) → (𝑠 ∧ ~𝑟) ]

{ 𝑟 ∧ [ (~𝑠 ∨ 𝑞) ↔ ~𝑝 ] } →
𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 𝑠 ~𝑠 ~𝑠 ∨ 𝑞 ~𝑝 (~𝑠 ∨ 𝑞) ↔ ~𝑝 𝑟 ∧ [ (~𝑠 ∨ 𝑞) ↔ ~𝑝 ] ~𝑞 ~𝑞 ↔ 𝑟 ~(~𝑞 ↔ 𝑟) ~𝑟 𝑠 ∧ ~𝑟 ~(~𝑞 ↔ 𝑟) → (𝑠 ∧ ~𝑟)
[ ~(~𝑞 ↔ 𝑟) → (𝑠 ∧ ~𝑟) ]

T T T T F T F F F F F T F F F T
T T T F T T F F F F F T F F F T
T T F T F T F F F F T F T T T T
T T F F T T F F F F T F T F T T
T F T T F F F T T T T F F F T T
T F T F T T F F T T T F F F T T
T F F T F F F T F T F T T T T T
T F F F T T F F F T F T T F F T
F T T T F T T T T F F T F F F F
F T T F T T T T T F F T F F F F
F T F T F T T T T F T F T T T T
F T F F T T T T F F T F T F T T
F F T T F F T F F T T F F F T T
F F T F T T T T T T T F F F T T
F F F T F F T F F T F T T T T T
F F F F T T T T F T F T T F F T

Prof. Fowler