Central Bank of Brazil

History

The Central Bank of Brazil (Portuguese: Banco Central do Brasil)

is Brazil's central bank. It was established on December 31, 1964. The Central Bank
is linked with the Ministry of Finance. Like other central banks, the Brazilian central
bank is the principal monetary authority of the country. It received this authority
when it was founded by three different institutions: the Bureau of Currency and
Credit (SUMOC), the Bank of Brazil (BB), and the National Treasury.
The Bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member
of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It is also one of the original 17 regulatory
institutions to make specific national commitments to financial inclusion under the
Maya Declaration. During the 2011 Global Policy Forum in Mexico.

Instruments
One of the main instruments of Brazil's monetary policy is the Banco Central
do Brasil's overnight rate, called the SELIC rate.

 The overnight rate is generally the interest rate that large banks use to
borrow and lend from one another in the overnight market. In some
countries (United States Of America, for example), the overnight rate may be
the rate targeted by the central bank to influence monetary policy. In most
countries, the central bank is also a participant on the overnight lending
market, and will lend or borrow money to some group of banks. There may
be a published overnight rate that represents an average of the rates at
which banks lend to each other; certain types of overnight operations may be
limited to qualified banks. The precise name of the overnight rate will vary
from country to country.
 The Sistema Especial de Liquidação e Custodia (SELIC) (Special Clearance
and Escrow System) is the Brazilian Central Bank's system for
performing open market operations in execution of monetary policy. The
SELIC rate is the Bank's overnight rate.
Canada Central Bank
History

The Bank of Canada (or simply BoC) (French: Banque du Canada)

is Canada's central bank.[2] The bank was chartered by and under the Bank of
Canada Act. On July 3, 1934, as a privately owned corporation. In 1938, the bank was
legally designated a federal Crown corporation. The Minister of Finance holds the
entire share capital issued by the bank.

"The capital shall be divided into one hundred thousand shares of the par value of
fifty dollars each, which shall be issued to the Minister to be held by the Minister on
behalf of Her Majesty in right of Canada."

The essential role of the bank, as Canada's central bank, is to:

 Promote the economic and

 Financial well-being of Canada

This role follows from the purpose of the Bank as set out in the preamble to the
Bank of Canada Act: "to regulate credit and currency in the best interests of the
economic life of the nation, to control and protect the external value of the national
monetary unit and to mitigate by its influence fluctuations in the general level of
production, trade, prices and employment, so far as may be possible within the
scope of monetary action, and generally to promote the economic and financial
welfare of Canada".

With the exception of the word "Canada" replacing the word "Dominion" the
wording today is identical to the 1934 legislation that created the bank. Changes to
make the bank a government-owned institution in 1938 did not alter the purpose of
the Bank as set out in the preamble to the Bank of Canada Act.

More specifically, the responsibilities of the bank are:

 The formulation of monetary policy;

 As the sole issuing authority of Canadian banknotes;
 The promotion of a safe, sound financial system within Canada; and
 Funds management and central banking services "for the federal
government, the Bank and other clients."
Central Bank of the Dominican Republic
History

The Central Bank of the Dominican Republic (Spanish: Banco Central de la

República Dominicana, BCRD) was established by the Monetary and Banking Law of
1947 as the central bank of the Dominican Republic, responsible for regulating the
country's monetary and banking system. The Banks headquarter is in Santo
Domingo and current governor is Héctor Valdez Albizu.

Organic Law no. 6142 of December 29, 1962, authorized the central bank to
promote and maintain favorable monetary, foreign exchange and credit conditions
for the stability and development of the national economy.

The central bank's functions include:

 Regulating market liquidity levels by:
 Determining deposit reserve requirements for banks;
 Implementing lending limits when necessary; and
 Issuing negotiable securities.

Additional functions include controlling movements of the exchange and

introducing resolutions pertaining to the financial system.

Monetary policy

The Monetary Board of the Dominican Central Bank (Banco Central de la República
Dominicana, BCRD) determined monetary policy and oversaw the nation's financial
system.

The BCRD performed typical central bank functions:

 It controlled the money supply
 Allocated credit
 Sought to restrain inflation
 Managed the national debt
 Allocated foreign exchange, and
 Issued currency.
Central Bank of Qatar

History

The Qatar Central Bank (Arabic: ‫ )المركزي قطر مصرف‬is the central bank of Qatar.

The Qatar Central Bank was originally the Qatar Monetary Agency (and was known before
that as Qatar Dubai Currency Board), founded on May 13, 1973 after Dubai joined the United
Arab Emirates[1] and disengaged itself from British monetary policy which the area had
previously followed.[2] The Qatar Monetary Agency assumed the duties of a central bank. In
1973, Amiri Decree No. 24 authorized the issuance of the Qatari Riyal (QR).[3]

Over its history the Qatar Central Bank has increasingly worked in association with other,
larger central banks to achieve a stable currency for the country, most recently and notably
with the Monetary Authority of Singapore.[4]