DESIGN OF DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM

DATA GIVEN :
Length Overall Width Grade of Grade Moment of Effective Effective Area of Top
(L)(mm) Depth(D) (b) concrete of Steel Cover Depth (d) steel
(mm) (mm) (fck) (fy) resistance (d'c) (mm) (Asc)mm2
(Mx)KN-m (mm)

20000 1000 700 30 415 2875 30 970 ?

Step 1: Calculation For Xumax
***{Note: Fe250 → Xumax =0.53d , Fe415 → Xumax =0.48d , Fe500 → Xumax =0.46d}
Xumax = 0.48d
Xumax = 465.6 mm
Step 2: Calculation For Ultimate Moment Of Resistance (Mu):
Mu = 0.36 x fck x b x Xumax x (d - 0.42 x Xumax )
Mu = 2.726E+09 N-mm
Mu = 2726.01 KN-m
Step 3:Check For Section:
Section is Doubly Reinforced
Step 4: Calculation For Area of Top steel (Asc):
Ms = Mx - Mu
Ms = 148.99 KN-m
&
Ms = C2 x Z2
Ms = fsc x Asc x ( d - d'c )
*** {Note: Value of fsc can found from d'c/d ratio Reffer book}
For d'c / d = 0.0309278 , fsc = 356.297 N/mm2
Now Asc = Ms / [fsc x ( d - d'c )]
Asc = 444.86 mm2
Step 4: Calculation For Area of Bottom steel (Ast):
For Ast 2 :
Ms = T2xZ2
Ms = Ast 2 x 0.87 x fy x ( d - d'c )
Ast 2 = Ms / [0.87 x fy x ( d - d'c )]
Ast 2 = 439.01 mm2
For Ast 1 :
Mu = T1xZ1
Mu = Ast 1 x 0.87 x fy x ( d - 0.42 x Xumax )
Ast 1 = Mu / [0.87 x fy x ( d - 0.42 x Xumax)]
Ast 1 = 9749.16 mm2
Total Bottom Steel Area (Ast) = Ast 1 + Ast 2
Total Bottom Steel Area (Ast) = 10188.17 mm2
Step 5: Check For Area of Steel (Ast):
Astmin = ( 0.85 x b x d ) / fy
Astmin = 1390.72 mm2
Astmax = 0.04 x b x D
 Astmax = 28000 mm2
If Astmin < Astcal < Astmax , then Section is Safe
Then taking Ast = 10188.17 mm2
Step 6: Calculation For No of Bottom Bars::
Diameter of Bar = 25 mm
No of Bars = Ast / ( 0.785 x ( Dia of bar ) 2
No of Bars = 20.765697
No of Bars = 21
Step 7: Calculation For No of Top Bars::
Diameter of Bar = 20 mm
No of Bars = Asc / ( 0.785 x ( Dia of bar ) 2
No of Bars = 1.4167559
No of Bars = 2
spacing at tension
= 192.62537 190 mm

spacing at compression = 2823.3515 300 mm

 Area of
Bottom steel
(Ast)mm2

6d}

Xumax )