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Claywell

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Chapter 07: The Nurses, Ideas, and Forces That Define the Profession

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. It has been said that Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing. Which

example
supports this statement?

a. She encouraged men to become nurses.

b. She encouraged nurses to serve physicians in order to learn from them.
c. She instituted changes that affected patient survival rates.
d. She organized nursing in America.

ANS: C

When she learned of the lack of medical and nursing care for British troops during
the Crimean
War (1853-1856), Nightingale organized a group of 38 nurses to travel to the Crimea
in southern
Russia. Despite societal opposition, she and her team reached the Crimean
battlefields in 1854.
They found overcrowding in the hospitals, no medical supplies, and limited space
for the sick
and injured. Using her own funds, Nightingale obtained supplies, cleaned up the
unsanitary
conditions, and established laundries to wash linens. At the end of 6 months,
Nightingale and her
nurses had decreased the death rate from 42% to 2%.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 100

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing
 2. A student is studying the history of nursing. Which statement made by the
student would
be correct if she had an adequate understanding of America’s first trained
nurse?

a. “America’s first trained nurse reduced student nurses’ working hours.”

“As America’s first trained nurse, Isabel Hampton Robb promoted licensure
b.
exams.”
c. “America’s first trained nurse worked to create associate degree programs.”
d. “America’s first trained nurse was Linda Richards.”

ANS: D

Linda Richards is known as America’s first trained nurse. Isabel Hampton Robb
reduced student
nurse working hours and promoted licensure exams. Mildred Montag worked to create
associate
degree programs as a shorter route into nursing.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing

3. Which is the dominant focus of patient care in the current health care
environment?

a. To increase cost to increase profit

b. To contain rising costs
c. To ignore rising costs
d. To manage care according to cost

ANS: B

The dominant focus of patient care in the current health care environment is to
contain rising
costs. Hospitals, faced with financial difficulties, are merging into large health
care systems.
Managed care, an insurance-based approach to reducing costs, has invaded patient
care in every
setting. Nurses are challenged to deliver quality nursing care in an environment
that limits
consumers’ options.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation REF: Page 107

OBJ: Describe the effect of managed care and merging health care services on the
nursing
profession. TOP: Nursing in the Current Health Care Environment

4. What is the function of Continuous Quality Improvement?

a. To improve staff compliance with training

b. To assist staff in building on nursing skills
c. To assess patient care, from admission to discharge
d. To improve collaboration of staff

ANS: C

Continuous Quality Improvement involves assessing patient care, beginning with

point-of- entry
into the health system through discharge or transitional care.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Pages 108-109

OBJ: Discuss the role of nursing in quality improvement of patient care.

TOP: Quality Improvement in Nursing

5. Florence Nightingale contributed to nursing in many different ways. The

student nurse
has an understanding of the history of nursing when she does which of the
following?

Educates another student about the efforts of Florence Nightingale to promote

a.
research
States that Nightingale is responsible for minor contributions to the early
education
b.
of nurses
c. Believes that Nightingale was not involved in the theory of nursing
d. States that Nightingale did not assist in the development of the nursing process

ANS: A

The student shows an understanding of the history of nursing when he or she

educates another
student on the research efforts of Nightingale. Nightingale is responsible for
major contributions
to education of nurses, began the development of the nursing process, and served a
large role in
the development of nursing theory.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing

6. A student understands the contributions of Clara Barton when she states,

“Clara Barton

a. is known as the Lady with the Lamp.”

b. fought for women’s rights.”
c. is known as the Angel of the Battlefield.”
d. was America’s first trained nurse.”

ANS: C

Clara Barton is known as the Angel of the Battlefield, Lavinia Dock fought for
women’s rights,
Florence Nightingale is known as the Lady with the Lamp, and Linda Richards was
America’s
first trained nurse.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing
 7. Which action by the nurse shows the use of the nursing process?

The nurse works with the health care team to set outcomes and plan interventions
a.
for the patient.
b. The same nurse admits the patient and then discharges him the next day.
c. The nurse works with the patient to set outcomes and plan interventions.
d. The nurse sends the provider in for an immediate assessment of the patient.

ANS: C

In the nursing process, nurses work with patients to set expected outcomes and plan
interventions
to meet these outcomes.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 107

OBJ: Understand concept of the nursing process.

TOP: Health Maintenance and Disease Prevention

8. What is the major social factor that has developed the role of nursing to
what it is today?

a. Society’s attitude toward the role of women

b. Society’s lack of qualified health providers
c. Society’s lack of resources to pay for health care
d. Society’s lack of education about health care

ANS: A

Society’s attitude toward the role of women is a major social factor that has
developed the role of
nursing.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 102

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing

9. _____ defined nursing as “that care which puts a person in the best
possible condition for
nature to restore or to preserve health, and to prevent or to cure disease
or injury.”

a. Barton
b. Nightingale
c. Breckenridge
d. Dix

ANS: B

This definition is as quoted form Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing, written in 1860.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing

10. The nurse responsible for promotion of associate degree programs is:

a. Lavinia Dock.
b. Mildred Montag.
c. Linda Richards.
d. Lillian Wald.

ANS: B
Mildred Montag promoted associate degrees as a way for nurses to enter the field of
nursing in a
shorter time period. Lavinia Dock fought for women’s rights and the right to vote.
Linda
Richards, America’s first trained nurse, improved nursing education. Lillian Wald
cared for
tenement families by establishing a visiting nurse service.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing

MULTIPLE RESPONSE

1. Based on what you know, what events would you select to show the
contributions that
Isabel Hampton Robb made to nursing? (Select all that apply.)

a. Established a visiting nurse service

b. Reduced student working hours
c. Wrote a book on the history of nursing
d. Promoted licensure exams
e. Fought for women’s rights and the right to vote

ANS: B, D

Isabel Hampton Robb reduced student working hours and promoted licensure exams.
Mary
Adelaide Nutting wrote a book on the history of nursing, Lillian Wald established a
visiting
nurse service, and Lavinia Dock fought for women’s rights and the right to vote.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of

Nursing
 2. The “graying of America” is estimated to include 65 million older Americans
by 2030.
What current evidence supports the need for increased nursing knowledge of
geriatrics
and home health care? (Select all that apply.)

The elderly utilize more health care dollars per person than younger members
of
a.
society.
b. The elderly rely minimally on Social Security.
c. The elderly have chronic illnesses.
d. The elderly typically have fewer years of schooling.
e. Some elderly are widowed and need assistance with care.

ANS: A, C, D, E

The elderly currently utilize more health care dollars per person than the younger
members of
society. They typically rely heavily on Social Security, have chronic illnesses,
have fewer years
of schooling, and are widowed.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 106

OBJ: Understand factors influencing practice. TOP: Aging

Population

MATCHING

Match each nurse with her contribution.

a. Clara Barton
b. Florence Nightingale
c. Lillian Wald
d. Mary Breckenridge
 1. Organized the American Red Cross

2. Established a visiting nurse service

3. Organized a frontier nurses organization

4. Established nursing as a profession

1. ANS: A DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of Nursing

2. ANS: C DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of Nursing

3. ANS: D DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of Nursing

4. ANS: B DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 104

OBJ: Discuss historical contributions to modern nursing. TOP: History of Nursing

LPN to RN Transitions: 3rd Edition Test Bank – Claywell