Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Mon 14.03.2016
Course Content
The use of ICT for
condition assessment of
Introduction structures Repair of fire
& Conservation damage
2
Outlines
3
Strengthening
4
The need of structural strengthening
5
Factors affecting selection of strengthening method
http://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/
6
Factors affecting selection of strengthening method
http://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/
7
Strategies for structural strengthening
8
Strategies for structural strengthening
9
Strengthening techniques
• Section enlargement
• External plate bonding
• Post-Tensioning
• Ferrocement laminates
• Sprayed concrete
• FRP
Section enlargement (Jacketing)
• Jacketing
– Adding R.C. jacket section
– achieve the desired section
properties and performance
• Advantages
– Increasing of the load-carrying
capacity
– Increasing of the stiffness.
• Disadvantages
– Increase in the concrete
member size obtained after the
jacket
– The need to construct a new
formwork.
11
Stages of section enlargement
i. Temporary supports
ii. Removal of the deteriorated
concrete
iii. Corrosion removal from the
exposed reinforcement
iv. Surfaces cleaning and
preparation to ensure bonding
with the repair material
v. Replacement or addition of the
supplementary reinforcement
vi. Reinforcement protection (in
some cases)
vii. Formwork and applying of the
repair material
12
External plate bonding
13
Post-Tensioning
14
Stages of the post-tensioning strengthening
15
Ferrocement laminates
16
Sprayed concrete (shotcrete)
• It is one of the oldest materials and • Both dry mix and wet mix sprayed
the most common techniques of concrete are used in concrete
repairing and strengthening of repair / strengthening work, but the
reinforced concrete structures use of dry mix sprayed concrete is
• Sprayed concrete has been used more common.
in that field for almost 90 years.
• There are two processes for
applying sprayed concrete
– dry mix sprayed concrete in
which most of the mixing water is
added at the nozzle
– wet mix sprayed concrete in
which the ingredients , including
water, are mixed before
introduction into the delivery hose.
17
Shotcreting
18
Strengthening using Fibre
Reinforced Polymer (FRP)
Strengthening using Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP)
20
Strengthening using Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP)
Common methods
• Externally bonded FRP (EBR).
– FRP plate bonding.
– FRP Confining or jacketing
• Sprayed fiber reinforced polymers
http://eprints.qut.edu.au/26889/1/26889.pdf
21
Strengthening using Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP)
http://eprints.qut.edu.au/26889/1/26889.pdf
22
Strengthening using sprayed FRP
Surface curing
processes
23
Typical FRP strengthening applications
shear
Flexural strengthening of slab strengthening
and confinement
of column
Flexural strengthening
of beam
shear
strengthening of
wrapping beam-column joint
of concrete
tank
25
Strengthening of concrete
structures
• Foundations
• Slabs
• walls
• Beams
• Columns
• Masonry walls
Strengthening the foundations
Piling
Shotcreting
Concrete casting
Ref. www.lemcon.fi
27
Strengthening the foundations
28
Strengthening the foundations
WeeGee-house, ESPOO
Column strengthening by
casting new foundation Temporary supporting with steel columns
Betoni 3/2006: www.betoni.com/Download/21971/BET0603_s22-24.pdf
Rak-43.3313 Repair Methods of Structures, exercise (4 cr)
Esko Sistonen & Fahim Al-Neshawy
29
Strengthening the foundations
WeeGee-house, ESPOO
30
Strengthening of R.C. slabs
strengthening of reinforced
concrete slab by removing
the concrete cover and
applying new bottom steel
rods to flexural zones of
slab to enhance its
positive flexural capacity
31
Strengthening of R. C. slabs
Strengthening a slab by increasing its Strengthening a slab by increasing its depth
depth from bottom from top
32
Strengthening of R. C. slabs
33
Strengthening the R.C.walls
34
Strengthening of R. C. beams
35
Strengthening of R. C. beams
36
Strengthening of R. C. beams
37
Strengthening of R. C. beams
• Concrete beam is to be
substituted with steel beam
Reducing the load on the beam using steel beam
• Steel profile is to be fixed
into a concrete beam
• Steel profile is to be
wedged below the beam
38
Strengthening of R. C. beams
Post-tension by
external tendons
39
Strengthening of R. C. columns
• Strengthening of reinforced
concrete columns: Beams supporting
– Load increasing due to due to the with metallic supports during
column strengthening
increasing in floors number
– Load increasing due to design
mistakes
– Compressive strength of concrete installation of new
is not according to the code steel cage around concrete
requirements column during strengthening
process using RC jacketing
– Percent or type of reinforcement is
not according to the code
requirements
– Column inclination is more than
allowable
the concrete
– foundation settlement is more than column after
allowable. strengthening
process
40
Strengthening of R. C. columns
41
Strengthening of R. C. columns
ref: www.norcure.com
42
Strengthening of R. C. columns (Video)
43
Strengthening of masonry walls
44
Case study: Section
enlargement using SCC
Case study: Section enlargement using SCC
Repairing process of the supporting walls, parapet and slab of the balcony
using self-compacting concrete. (Batch 1, October 2004, laboratory condition)
Moulding work
46
Case study: Section enlargement using SCC
Repairing process of the supporting column and slab of the balcony using
self-compacting concrete (Batch 2, November 2004, outdoors condition)
Moulding work
47
Case study: conclusions
48
Summary
49