A 620

操作规程
OPERATING MANUAL
胺处理装置
ATU (03310)
0 IFC (Issue For Review)
REV. DESCRIPTION DEGN CHKD REVD APPD DATE
NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED ATU

UNIT NO. DES. STAGE DETAIL DESIGN
KARACHI - PAKISTAN (03310)
CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL

ENGINEERING NO.7 CONSTRUCTION DRAW NO. 14089-03310-A-620
COMPANY LIMITED
PROJ. NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT

(14089) SHEET 1 OF 240
(PROJ. NO.)
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or (2P66)
disclosed to any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
PROJ ECT (PROJECT. NO.) NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT (14089)
CLIENT : NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED – KARACHI - PAKISTAN
UNIT NO. ATU(03310) DESIGN STAGE DETAIL DESIGN SHEET
DRAWING NO. 14089-03310-A-620 Rev. 0 2of 240
目录
Contents
1 工艺技术规程
PROCESS TECHNICAL MANUAL ................................................................................................ 6
1.1 装置概况
UNIT BRIEF ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 工艺指标
PROCESS SPECIFICATION ........................................................................................ 13
2 操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION ...................................................................................................... 21
2.1 胺处理装置操作原则
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF AMINE TREATING UNIT.............................................. 21
2.2 胺处理装置操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION OF AMINE TREATING UNIT ........................................ 21
3 开工规程
STARTUP PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................ 27
3.1 开工统筹图
STARTUP NETWORK DIAGRAM ................................................................................ 27
3.2 开工纲要（A 级）
STARTUP OUTLINE (GRADE A) ................................................................................. 29
3.3 开工操作（B 级）
STARTUP OPERATION (GRADE B)............................................................................ 31
3.4 开工说明（C 级）
STARTUP INSTRUCTIONS (GRADE C) ...................................................................... 60
4 停工规程
SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................ 68
4.1 停工统筹图
SHUTDOWN NETWORK DIAGRAM ............................................................................ 68
4.2 停工纲要（A 级）
SHUTDOWN OUTLINE (GRADE A) ............................................................................. 70
4.3 停工操作（B 级）
SHUTDOWN OPERATION (GRADE B) ....................................................................... 72
4.4 停工说明（C 级）
SHUTDOWN INSTRUCTIONS (GRADE C) ................................................................. 99
5 专用设备操作规程
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written
permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to any third party in any form, nor applied
completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION .......................................................... 101

5.1 液下泵运行操作规程
VERTICAL PUMP OPERATION INSTRUCTION ........................................................ 101
6 通用设备操作规程
STANDARD EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION ..................................................... 106
6.1 离心开、停、切换操作及常见事故处理
START, STOP, SWITCHING OPERATION AND COMMON REMEDIES
FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMP ....................................................................................... 106
6.2 安全阀的切除与投用操作
OPERATION OF PRVS OFF-LINE AND ON-LINE ..................................................... 122
6.3 换热器的投用、切除及日常维护、常见故障处理
ON-LINE, OFF-LINE, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
OF HEAT EXCHANGER ............................................................................................. 131
6.4 空冷器的投用、切除及日常维护、常见故障处理
ON-LINE, OFF-LINE , MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
OF AIR COOLERS ...................................................................................................... 150
7 事故预案处理
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN................................................................................................... 161
7.1 事故处理原则
ACCIDENT HANDLING PRINCIPLE .......................................................................... 161
7.2 紧急停工方法
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN METHOD ...................................................................... 161
7.3 事故处理预案
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN .................................................................................... 168
8 操作规定
OPERATING PROVISIONS ...................................................................................................... 179
8.1 定期工作规定
PROVISIONS OF REGULAR WORK ......................................................................... 179
8.2 长期操作规定
LONG-TERM OPERATING PROVISIONS ................................................................. 186
9 仪表控制系统操作法
INSTRUMENT CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATION METHOD.................................................. 189
9.1 DCS 系统概述
OVERVIEW OF DCS SYSTEM................................................................................... 189
9.2 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明及工艺控制流程图（P&ID）
LOGIC CONTROL DESCRIPTION AND PIPING & INSTRUMENT

DIAGRAM (P&ID) ........................................................................................................ 189
10 安全生产及环境保护
PRODUCTION SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION .......................................... 191
10.1 安全规定
SAFETY REGULATIONS ............................................................................................ 191
10.2 本装置历史上发生的主要典型事故、处理方法及教训
HISTORICAL ACCIDENTS OF SIMILAR PLANT ....................................................... 204
10.3 本装置易燃易爆物的安全性质
SAFETY PROPERTY OF INFLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES .......... 207
10.4 本装置其他职业病危害知识（粉尘、噪声、高温、射线）
OTHER OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS (DUST, NOISE, HIGH TEMPERATURE
AND RAY) .................................................................................................................... 214
10.5 本装置主要有害物、介质（易燃易爆、有毒）的有关参数
SAFETY PROPERTY OF INFLAMMABLE, EXPLOSIVE AND
TOXIC SUBSTANCES ................................................................................................ 233
10.6 本装置排放的主要污染物及环境保护措施
MAIN POLLUTANTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES ............ 236
11 附录
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................. 240
Note: This is the first version of Operating Manual, which is used for
commissioning & startup plan design, review and training purpose. Detail
startup procedures, schedules, facilities, etc. mentioned in this manual may be
adjusted and updated as commissioning & startup preparation work goes on.
As-built version will be published after completion of startup.
1 工艺技术规程
PROCESS TECHNICAL MANUAL
1.1 装置概况
Unit Brief
1.1.1 装置简介
Unit Introduction
1.1.1.1 建设性质
Construction Purpose
巴基斯坦国家炼油公司（NRL）实施本项目的主要目的是提高成品油的质量和
产量，满足市场需要，命名为巴基斯坦炼厂界区内升级项目。
National Refinery Limited (NRL) plans to upgrade its Refinery in Karachi to increase the
quality and quantity of marketable products, named as NRL ISBL Upgradation Project.
本项目的实施目的是为了提高汽油和轻质柴油产品的产量，并降低成品油硫含
量以提高其品质，以满足更严格的规范要求。
The purpose of the upgradation project is to increase the quantity of gasoline and gasoil
products, improving also the quality by decreasing the sulphur content to meet more
stringent specification.
巴基斯坦国家炼油公司规划的项目分为两个阶段，本项目属于第一阶段。
The Refinery Up-gradation will be achieved in two phases, National Refinery Limited
ISBL Up-gradation Project is Phase 1.
本项目 ATU 装置为第一/二阶段新建。

ATU unit is a new built unit in this project to deal with sour gas and rich amine from
refinery units of Phase 1 + Phase 2.
设计范围仅限于在文件“接点及 ISBL 升级界区”

（图号 2302-00-DW-4020-01）
中定义的 ATU 装置界区内部分。
The scope of the engineering work is limited to items inside of the ATU unit battery limit,
which is defined in document “Interconnecting and ISBL Upgradation Battery Limits”
(Document No. 14089-01000-Q-01).
装置代号：310
Unit number: 310
1.1.1.2 装置规模
Capacity
310 装置设计工况基于二阶段：
The Unit 310 shall be designed according to Phase 1 + Phase 2, basing on:
能够净化酸性燃料气 11538kg/h，
– Sour Gas to be sweetened 11,538 kg/h;
再生富胺液 123895kg/h
– Rich Amine to be regenerated 123,895 kg/h.
310 装置考虑下限停车工况基于一阶段：
The Unit 310 turn-down shall take into account the Phase 1, basing on:
能够净化酸性燃料气 1606kg/h，
– Sour Gas to be sweetened 1,606 kg/h;
再生富胺液 36350kg/h
– Rich Amine to be regenerated 36,350 kg/h.
1.1.1.3 装置组成
Scope of Unit
胺处理装置由胺吸收塔，再生塔，过滤器，泵，换热器，闪蒸罐及加药系统组
成。
Amine Treating Process Unit consist of amine absorber, regenerator, filters, pumps,
exchangers, flash drum and chemical dosing system.
1.1.1.4 开工时数
Operating Time
年操作时间：8424 小时
Operating time per year: 8424 hour.
1.1.1.5 生产制度
Operation Regulation
生产制度由 NRL 根据装置的实际操作来确定。

Operation regulations to be finalized by NRL based on the actual situation of plant.
1.1.1.6 操作弹性
Operating Flexibility
胺处理装置操作弹性：下限停车工况~设计工况
The Amine Treating Process Unit shall be capable of operating in the range of
turn-down to design capacity.
1.1.2 设备总台数
Total Equipment Quantity
设备总数量共 41 台（30 个位号）

Total equipment quantity 41 sets （30 tag numbers）
1.1.2.1 非标设备
Fabricated Equipment
非标设备数量 15 台（14 个位号）

Fabricated equipment quantity 15 sets （14 tag numbers）
塔器 2 台（2 个位号）
Column 2 sets （2 tag numbers）
储罐/容器 8 台（8 个位号）

Tank / Drum 8 sets （8 tag numbers）
换热器 5 台（4 个位号）

Heat Exchanger 5 sets （4 tag numbers）
1.1.2.2 动设备
Rotating Equipment
动设备 17 台（7 个位号）

Rotating equipment quantity 17 sets （7 tag numbers）
泵 17 台（7 个位号）
Pump 17 sets （7 tag numbers）
1.1.2.3 成套设备
Package Equipment
成套设备 2 套（2 个位号）

Package equipment quantity 2 sets （2 tag numbers）
1.1.2.4 其他设备
Others
空冷器 2 台（2 个位号）

Air Cooler 2 sets （2 tag numbers）
过滤器 4 台（4 个位号）

Filter 4 sets （4 tag numbers）
喷射器 1 台（1 个位号）

Ejector 1 set （1 tag number）
（310-P06 由 NRL 自备）

（310-P06 is provided by NRL）
具体设备信息详见设备一览表（图号：14089-03310-A-300）
Refer to document “Equipment List” (Document. NO. 14089-03310-A-300) for details of

individual equipment.
1.1.3 工艺流程简述
Process Description
ATU 装置工艺流程图参见 14089-03310-A-100~106 rev 1.

The process flow diagram of ATU unit refer to 14089-03310-A-100~106 rev 1.
大致流程步骤分为以下部分：
The basic process steps are the following:
1. 胺吸收
1. Amine Absorbing
2. 胺再生
2. Amine Regenerating
3. 胺导淋及储存
3. Amine Drain and Storage
1.1.3.1 胺吸收
Amine Absorbing
胺处理单元用于脱除新建炼油单元产生的驰放酸气中的 H2S。新建炼油装置为：
U301, U302, U303, U304, U306 及 U308。
Amine Treating Unit provides H2S removal from the Sour Gas streams coming from the
following new Refinery Units: U301, U302, U303, U304, U306 and U308.
酸性驰放气进入驰放气分液罐（310-V04），在此分离液滴，液相经液位控制
排至位于 311 装置的废油导淋系统。分液后酸气进入胺吸收塔（310-C02），
在此 H2S 被由胺液循环泵（310-P04A/B/C）
送来的贫胺液
（MDEA 含 40%wt）
吸收，酸性驰放气与贫胺液的温差确保在塔中不发生冷凝。
The sour gas streams enter into the Off Gas K.O. Drum (310-V04) where carried over
liquid droplets are knocked out and sent under level control to the Slop Oil System of
U311. The sour gas is routed to the Amine Absorber (310-C02), where H2S is absorbed
by means of a counter flow of lean amine solution (MDEA solution 40% wt) stream
delivered under flow control from the Amine Circulation Pumps (310-P04 A/B/C).
Temperature gap between sour gas and lean amine streams ensures that no
condensation takes place inside Amine Absorber.
胺吸收塔是一台操作压力约为 0.42MPaG 的填料塔，由于吸收塔中的吸收过

程为放热过程，故塔内有温度变化。塔顶的净化气引入净化气分液罐
（ 310-V05 ），并在此将气体中夹带的胺液分离，并定期排至胺导淋罐
（310-V06）。此后净化气送出界区，进入炼厂燃料气系统。
The Amine Absorber is a packed column operating at about 0.42 MPag and having a
temperature profile due to the heat released by the exothermic absorption reaction
along the absorber. Sweetened gas from column head is routed to the Sweet Gas K.O.
Drum (301-V05) where carried over amine solution is separated and periodically sent to
the Amine Drain Drum (310-V06). The Sweet Gas is routed to the B/L, towards the
Refinery Fuel Gas System.
1.1.3.2 胺再生
Amine Regenerating
来自吸收塔底的富胺液靠液位控制送入富胺液闪蒸罐（310-V01），该罐配有
氮封，同时该罐接收来自 UOP 专利商装置（U302， U303 及 U306）的富胺
液。闪蒸气中含少量从富胺液中分离出的轻烃，经压力调节排至火炬。重烃经
撇油槽通过液位调节排至位于 311 装置的废油导淋系统。
Rich Amine from column bottom is sent under level control to the Rich Amine Flash
Drum (310-V01), blanketed with nitrogen, which operates at about 0.31MPag and 60°C.
Rich Amine Flash Drum receives also the Rich Amine coming from U302, U303, U306
and U312. The flash should allow the entrained possible light hydrocarbons to be
separated from the Rich Amine and to be discharged, under pressure control, to flare.
Heavier hydrocarbons are separated by means of a skimmer from which they can be
drained to the Slop Oil System of U311.
来自闪蒸罐的富胺液经富胺液泵 310-P01A/B/C 加压送至贫/富胺液换热器加

热至 82.2℃，此后作为再生塔（310-C01）的进料，在流量调节，富胺液闪蒸
罐（310-V01）液位调节及温度调节下确保塔顶温度稳定。胺再生塔为板式塔，
塔顶操作压力为 0.097MPaG，操作温度为 115.6℃。
Rich amine from flash drum is pumped via Rich Amine Pumps (310-P01 A/B/C) to the
Rich/Lean Amine Exchanger (310-E01) where it is heated up to 82.2°C. Rich amine
feeds the Amine Regenerator (310-C01) under a flow controller reset by the Rich Amine
Flash Drum (310-V01) level controller and under temperature control to keep stable the
column overhead temperature. The Amine Regenerator is a tray column whose top
operating conditions are about 0.097MPag and 115.6°C
胺再生塔进料的流量调节给出了低压蒸汽流量调节的设定值，在此设定流量下
能够为胺再生塔再沸器（310-E02A/B）提供必要的热量。
Flow control on Amine Regenerator feed gives the set point to low pressure steam flow
controller, providing the necessary heat for the Amine Regenerator Reboilers (310-E02
A/B).
酸性蒸汽在胺再生塔空冷器（310-EA01）及胺再生塔辅助冷凝器（310-E03）
中被部分冷凝并冷却至 48.9℃。
Sour vapors from Amine Regenerator are partially condensed and cooled down to
48.9°C in the Amine Regenerator Air Condenser (310-EA01) and Amine Regenerator
Trim Condenser (310-E03).
再生塔回流罐（310-V02）中收集的液体被经再生塔回流泵（310-P02A/B）循
环回胺再生塔。再生塔回流罐带有挡板，用于分离可能带入的烃，并经液位控
制送至位于 311 装置的废油导淋系统。为避免系统中 NH3 含量升高，部分回
流液经泵加压后送至 311 装置（一阶段）或 315 装置（二阶段）。
The liquid collected in the Amine Regenerator Reflux Drum (310-V02) is recycled to the
Amine Regenerator by means of the Amine Regenerator Reflux Pumps (310P-02 A/B).
The Amine Regenerator Reflux Drum is equipped with a weir to separate the possible
entrained hydrocarbons, which under level control are drained to the Slop Oil System of
U311. To avoid increasing of NH3 concentration level, a blow-down is provided on the
pumps discharge and sent to the U311 in phase 1 and to U315 in phase 2.
从再生塔回流罐出来的酸性气经压力调节，以不低于 0.055MPaG 的压力送至

硫回收装置（U312）。如气相超压，则经分程调节放空至火炬系统。从再生
塔底出来的贫胺液经贫/富胺液换热器预冷后，经贫胺液泵（310-P03A/B/C）
送至贫胺液空冷器 310-EA02 冷却至 57.2℃。此后约 20%的贫胺液经胺液过
滤器（310-ME01），胺液活性炭过滤器（310-ME02），胺液后过滤器（310-ME03）
过滤除去胺液降解物及氧化铁。
The Acid Gas from Amine Regenerator Reflux Drum is routed under pressure control to
Sulphur Recovery Unit (SRU – U312); 0.055MPag operating pressure is the minimum
useful for the Acid Gas stream discharge to SRU. In case of overpressure the gaseous
phase is discharged to the Flare System by means of split range pressure control. Lean
Amine from Amine Regenerator bottom is pre-cooled in the Rich/Lean Amine
Exchanger (310-E01), allowing the pre-heating of Rich Amine feed, and then pumped
by means of Lean Amine Pumps (310-P03 A/B/C) to the Lean Amine Air Cooler
(310-EA02) where it is cooled down to57.2°C. Part of the Lean Amine flow rate, about
20% of the total, is routed to the Amine Filter (310-ME01), Amine Carbon Filter
(310-ME02) and Amine Carbon After Filter (310-ME03) which allow the continuous
filtration of Amine degradation products and iron oxides, removal of hydrocarbons.
贫胺液经流量调节下进入贫胺液罐（310-V03），此液位由再生塔底液位设置。
一股脱盐水加入贫胺液罐以确保胺液浓度在 40%wt。贫胺液经胺液循环泵
（310-P04A/B/C）送至 UOP 装置（U302，U303 及 U306），部分经贫胺液
冷却器（310-E04）冷却至 48.9℃后送入胺吸收塔。
Amine solution is then routed to the Lean Amine Drum (310-V03) under flow control
which is reset by the level controller on the bottom of Amine Regenerator. A demi-water
make-up is fed in the Lean Amine Drum to maintain the lean amine solution at 40% wt.
Lean Amine solution is pumped from the drum by Amine Circulation Pumps (310-P04
A/B/C) partially to U302, U303 ，U306 and U312 and the remaining to the Lean Amine
Cooler (310-E04), where it is further cooled to 48.9°C and then sent to the top of Amine
Absorber.
为防止腐蚀及发泡，缓蚀剂与消泡剂被加入到胺再生塔回流管线及胺循环泵入
口管线。
In order to reduce corrosion and foaming problems, corrosion inhibitor and antifoam
injections are provided in the line of reflux stream to the Amine Regenerator and in the
Amine Circulation Pumps suction line.
1.1.3.3 胺导淋及储存
Amine Drain and Storage
胺导淋罐（310-V06）置于地坑中，以便收集来自各个胺液排放点的胺导淋液。
胺导淋液经胺导淋液泵（310-P05A）送至胺导淋液过滤器（310-ME04）过滤
后，送入富胺液闪蒸罐或贫胺液罐。
Amine Drain Drum (310-V06) is positioned in a pit in order to collect amine drains from
various sources. The amine solution, after filtration in the Amine Drain Filter
(310-ME04), is fed by Amine Drain Drum Pump (310-P05 A) to the Lean Amine Drum or
to the Rich Amine Flash Drum.
胺处理装置在 ATU 界区外设置储罐。

The Amine Treating Unit is also provided with storage tanks that are located outside the
ATU Area.
胺液配置罐，310-S01，用于桶装新鲜胺液注入并用脱盐水稀释后配置胺液。
桶装新鲜胺液浓度在 97%wt 时，为获得 40%wtMDEA 浓度的贫胺液需 175m3
桶装 MDEA 并需 433.8m3 的脱盐水稀释。储罐 310-S01 配有胺液配置泵
310-P07A/B，用于胺液稀释时的循环及将配置好的胺液送至装置设备内。胺
导淋罐，310-S02，用于储存所有来自 ATU 装置及 UOP 装置的胺液，这些胺
液由胺导淋泵 310-P05A/B 送来。储存的胺液可经胺导淋罐泵 310-P08A/B 送
回装置。
The Amine Make-Up Tank, 310-S01, is provided to be filled with fresh amine coming
from barrels and is used also for amine dilution with demi-water. Fresh MDEA is
available in barrels at 97wt%. To get 40wt% MDEA concentration in the Lean Amine
solution175 m3 of MDEA are required in barrels and shall be diluted with 433.8 m3 of
demi-water. Tank 310-S01 is provided with Amine Make-Up Pumps, 310-P07 A/B that
is used in recirculation mode during amine dilution or to send the fresh amine to the Unit
equipment. The Amine Drain Tank, 310-S02, is provided to contain all the amine
volume amount in ATU and UOP Units coming from Amine Drain Drum Pumps,
310-P05 A/B. Stored amine can be sent again to the Unit via Amine Drain Tank Pumps,
310-P08 A/B.
1.2 工艺指标
Process Specification
1.2.1 原料、辅助材料以及产品规格
Specification of Raw Material, Auxiliary Material and Product
1.2.1.1 原料性质及规格
Raw Material Specification
表1-1 一阶段（下限停车工况）原料规格
Table1-1 specification of raw material for phase i (turn down)
Stream Description --- SOUR GAS RICH AMINE
MASS FLOW RATE kg/h 1606 36350
TEMPERATURE °C 39.4 64.9
PRESSURE MPaa 0.58 0.41
Water kg/h 22.02 21119
MDEA kg/h 0 14092
Hydrogen kg/h 105.2 0.18
Hydrogen Sulphide kg/h 187.2 1135.8
Carbon Dioxide kg/h 0 0
Oxygen kg/h 0 0
Nitrogen kg/h 0 0
Methane kg/h 118.8 0.73
Ethylene kg/h 0 0.13
Ethane kg/h 201.6 0.95
Propylene kg/h 0 0
Propane kg/h 222.9 0.40
I-Butane kg/h 136.9 0
N-Butane kg/h 145.7 0
I-Pentane kg/h 0.66 0
N-Pentane kg/h 0 0
C6+ kg/h 461.3 0
Ammonia kg/h 3.78 0.23
Trans-2-Butene kg/h 0 0
Benzene kg/h 0 0
表1-2 二阶段（设计工况）原料规格
Table1-2 specification of raw material for phase ii (design capacity)
Stream Description --- SOUR GAS RICH AMINE
MASS FLOW RATE kg/h 11538 123895
TEMPERATURE °C 43.8 66.4
PRESSURE MPaa 0.58 0.41
Water kg/h 119.1 71640
MDEA kg/h 0 47819
Hydrogen kg/h 755.0 0.67
Hydrogen Sulphide kg/h 1925.8 4424.8
Carbon Dioxide kg/h 3.77 0
Oxygen kg/h 19.32 0
Nitrogen kg/h 65.70 0
Methane kg/h 952.5 1.89
Ethylene kg/h 20.13 0
Ethane kg/h 1176.2 1.91
Propylene kg/h 108.91 0
Propane kg/h 2009.1 1.00
I-Butane kg/h 1690.3 0.26
N-Butane kg/h 1342.8 0.26
I-Pentane kg/h 116.09 0
N-Pentane kg/h 112.91 0
C6+ kg/h 997.88 0.91
Ammonia kg/h 9.34 4.64
Trans-2-Butene kg/h 111.30 0
Benzene kg/h 2.14 0
1.2.1.2 辅助材料技术规格
Auxiliary Material Specification
化学品
Chemicals
缓蚀剂：MAX-AMINE 57C
Corrosion Inhibitor: MAX-AMINE 57C
消泡剂：XIAMETER AFE-1410
Antifoam: XIAMETER AFE-1410
N-甲基二乙醇胺：~100%
MDEA: ~100%
1.2.1.3 产品性质
Product Specification
310 装置能够保证界区处汽提酸水：
Unit 310 shall be designed to guarantee the following characteristics for the Lean
Amine product at Battery Limit:
H2S 含量不超过 0.01mol/mol MDEA

– maximum 0.01 mol H2S / mol MDEA;
57.2℃
– 57.2°C;
界区处净化燃料气：
and for the Fuel Gas product at Battery Limit:
H2S 含量不超过 100wt-ppm；

– maximum 100 vol-ppm H2S;
NH3 含量不超过 50wt-ppm；

– maximum 50 vol-ppm NH3;
压力 0.31/0.34/0.41 MPag；
– min/norm/max 0.31/0.34/0.41 MPag;
不高于 48.9℃
– maximum 48.9 °C.
表1-3 一阶段（下限停车工况）产品规格
Table1-3 specification of product for phase i (turn down)
Stream Description --- LEAN AMINE FUEL GAS ACID GAS
MASS FLOW RATE kg/h 35269 1308.5 1341.1
TEMPERATURE °C 57.3 48.9 48.9
PRESSURE MPaa 0.83 0.45 0.16
Water kg/h 21142.6 26.58 50.06
MDEA kg/h 14104.1 0 0
Hydrogen kg/h 0 105.0 0.19
Hydrogen Sulphide kg/h 22.29 0.11 1288.0
Carbon Dioxide kg/h 0 0 0

Oxygen kg/h 0 0 0
Nitrogen kg/h 0.25 0.42 0
Methane kg/h 0 118.5 0.66
Ethylene kg/h 0 0 0.11
Ethane kg/h 0 201.0 0.97
Propylene kg/h 0 0 0
Propane kg/h 0 220.6 1.03
I-Butane kg/h 0 134.3 0.005
N-Butane kg/h 0 141.8 0.005
I-Pentane kg/h 0 0.61 0
N-Pentane kg/h 0 0 0
C6+ kg/h 0.03 359.4 0
Ammonia kg/h 0 0 0.05443
Trans-2-Butene kg/h 0 0 0
Benzene kg/h 0 0 0
表1-4二阶段（设计工况）产品规格
Table1-4 specification of product for phase i (design capacity)
MASS FLOW RATE kg/h 119654 9620 6463
TEMPERATURE °C 57.3 48.9 48.9
PRESSURE MPaa 0.83 0.45 0.16
Water kg/h 71719.1 194.86 241.09
MDEA kg/h 47797.1 0 0
Hydrogen kg/h 0 754.68 0.98
Hydrogen Sulphide kg/h 107.04 0.35 6204.2
Carbon Dioxide kg/h 0 0.75、 3.00
Oxygen kg/h 0 19.31 0.009
Nitrogen kg/h 0.86 66.44 0.02
Methane kg/h 0 951.91 2.51
Ethylene kg/h 0 20.09 0.04
Ethane kg/h 0 1175.4 2.67
Propylene kg/h 0 108.36 0.53
Propane kg/h 0 2007.8 2.34
I-Butane kg/h 0 1690.2 0.32
N-Butane kg/h 0 1342.7 0.29
I-Pentane kg/h 0 116.09 0
N-Pentane kg/h 0 112.91 0
C6+ kg/h 29.86 945.23 4.57
Ammonia kg/h 0 0 0.23
Trans-2-Butene kg/h 0 111.19 0.10
Benzene kg/h 0 2.13 0
1.2.3 主要设备操作条件
Main Equipment Operating Conditions
1.2.3.1 分离器
Separators
ATU 装置设有 4 台分离器（闪蒸罐及分液罐）用于气液分离。

分离器主要操作参数如下：
Four separators (flash drums and K.O. drums) are designed to separate vapor and
liquid effluent from main reactor.
The operating conditions list below:

表1-5 分离器主要操作参数表
Table1-5 operation conditions of seperators
Operating Conditions
SN Item NO. Description Notes
Temp.℃ Press.MPa(G)
1 310-V01 Rich Amine Flash Drum 62 0.31
2 310-V02 Amine Regenerator Reflux Drum 49 0.08
3 310-V04 Sour Gas K.O. Drum 44 0.48
4 310-V05 Sweet Gas K.O. Drum 49 0.42
1.2.3.2 塔器
Columns
ATU 装置设有 2 台塔用于吸收 H2S 及从富胺液中解吸 H2S。

塔主要操作参数如下：
Two columns are designed for absorbing H2S and separating H2S from rich amine.
The operating condition list below:

表1-6 塔器主要操作参数表
Table1-6 operation conditions of columns
Operating Conditions
SN Item NO. Description Notes
Temp. ℃ Press. MPa(G)
1 310-C01 Amine Absorber top:114/ bottom:125 top:0.097/ bottom:0.12 Tray No.:22
2 310-C02 Regenerator top:49/ bottom:58 top:0.42/ bottom:0.46 Random Packing 4100mm×2
1.2.4 消耗指标
Consumption
1.2.4.1 原材料消耗
Raw Material Consumption
表1-7 原材料消耗表
Table1-7 consumption of raw materials
SN Feed Item Consumption Per Hour Notes
1606 kg/h （Phase I）
1 Sour Gas (Off Gas)
11538 kg/h (Phase II)
36350 kg/h （Phase I）
2 Rich Amine
123895 kg/h (Phase II)
1.2.4.2 化学品消耗
Chemical Consumption
表1-8 化学品消耗表
Table1-8 consumption of chemicals
SN Utility Item Consumption Per once Notes
3
1 Corrosion Inhibitor 0.057m Note 1
3
2 Antifoam 0.19m Note 1
3
3 MDEA 139m
注 1：仅需要时使用。
Note 1: Only used when needed.
1.2.5 公用工程消耗
Utility Consumption
表1-9 公用工程消耗表
Table1-9 consumption of utilities
SN Utility Item Consumption Per Hour Notes
1 Cooling Water (CWS/CWR) 88.5 m³/h
2 Deminerialized Water (DM) 3 m³/h Intermittent
3 Drinking Water (DW) 8 m³/h Intermittent
4 Low Pressure Steam (LPS) 38.6 t/h
5 Raw Water (PW) 8 m³/h Intermittent
6 Instrument Air (IA) 49 Nm³/h
7 Nitrogen (N) 25.09 Nm³/h
8 Plant Air (PA) 640 Nm³/h Intermittent
1.2.6 装置物料平衡
Material balance of unit
表1-10 工况1装置物料平衡表
Table1-10 material balance of unit for phase I
数值 Data
序号 Item 物料名称 Material 3 备注 Note
w% kg/h 10 kg/a
1 入方 In
富胺液1Rich Amine 1 62527.5
合计Total 138654.8
2 出方 Out
贫胺液 Lean Amine 134878.4
酸性气Amine Acid Gas 3776.4
表1-11 工况2装置物料平衡表
Table1-11 material balance of unit for phase II
数值 Data
序号 Item 物料名称 Material 3 备注 Note
w% kg/h 10 kg/a
1 入方 In
2 出方 Out
贫胺液Lean Amine 224920.6
酸性气Amine Acid Gas 6215.6
2 操作指南
OPERATING INSTRUCTION
2.1 胺处理装置操作原则
Operating Principle of Amine Treating Unit
控制好再生塔平稳操作，保证富胺液净化程度和贫液质量合格。
Operate amine regenerator steadily to ensure purification of rich amine and quality of
lean amine are qualified.
2.2 胺处理装置操作指南
Operating Instruction of Amine Treating Unit
2.2.1 再生塔控制
Control of Amine Regenerator
2.2.1.1 再生塔顶压力控制
Pressure Control of Amine Regenerator
控制范围：塔顶压力 310-PI-055；0.1±0.03MpaG
Control range: Overhead pressure of amine regenerator PI055; 0.1±0.03Mpa
控制目标：控制塔顶压力≯0.15 MPaG
Control target: Control overhead pressure of amine regenerator≯0.15 MPaG
相关参数：进塔底重沸器蒸汽量 310-FIC-012A 、310-FIC-012B；进塔富胺液

量 310-FIC-019; 进塔富胺液温度 310-TI-032 ；回流罐顶出口酸气压力
310-PIC-063
Relevant parameters: Amine regenerator reboiler steam flowrate 310-FIC-012A ,
310-FIC-012B; amine regenerator rich amine feeding flowrate 310-FIC-019; amine
regenerator rich amine feeding temperature 310-TIC-032; pressure of sour gas at the
top outlet of amine regenerator reflux drum.
控制方式：正常生产时通过塔底供汽量控制塔压力，供汽量根据进料量、进料
温度来调节。
Control method: During normal operation, the pressure of amine regenerator is
controlled by adjusting reboiler steam flowrate, and the steam flowrate is adjusted in
accordance with feeding rate and temperature.
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
表2-1 正常调整表
Table 2-1 table for normal remedies
影响因素现象调整方法
Possible cause Phenomena Remedies
塔底蒸汽量大塔压力高适当减小蒸汽量，控制好重沸器温度
Large reboiler steam amine regenerator Reduce steam flowrate and control temperature of the
flowrate pressure high reboilerproperly
塔顶压力升高
富胺液量大及时调节重沸器蒸汽量，适当降低重沸器温度
Amine regenerator
High rich amine feeding Adjust the reboiler steam flowrate promptly to reduce the
overhead pressure
rate temperature properly
increase
富胺液温度高联系供水，调整塔底温度
循环水压力小
High rich amine Contact to supply cooling water, adjust amine regenerator
Low water pressure
temperature bottom temperature
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
表2-2 异常处理表
Table 2-2 table for abnormal remedies
蒸汽量波动大，塔底温度、压力剧立即仪表联系，控制好塔底温，严重时酸气放火炬，按
重沸器温控阀失灵烈波动紧急停工处理
Failure of Reboiler Huge fluctuation of reboiler Contact instrument personnel immediately to control
temperature steam flowrate； Sharp regenerator bottom temperature. Vent sour gas to flare
control valve fluctuation of temperature and in case of severe condition and conduct emergency
pressure at regenerator bottom shutdown procedure.
塔顶温控阀失灵立即仪表联系，调整塔底温和顶温，严重时酸气放火炬，
酸气流量不稳，塔顶温度、压力波
Failure of 按紧急停工处理
动大
temperature Contact instrument personnel immediately to adjust top
control valve at the Unstable sour gas flow, and and bottom temperature of amine regenerator, vent
top of amine huge fluctuation of overhead
sour gas to flare in case of severe condition and
temperature and pressure
regenerator conduct emergency shutdown procedure
2.2.1.2 再生塔顶温度控制
Temperature Control of Amine Regenerator
控制范围：
Control range:
塔顶温度 310-TIC-033；115±5℃
Amine regenerator overhead temperature 310-TIC-033；115±5℃
控制目标：控制塔顶温度≯120℃
Control target: Control amine regenerator overhead temperature ≯120℃
相关参数：富胺液进塔温度 310-TIC-033；塔底蒸汽量 310-FIC-012A 、

310-FIC-012B
Related parameters: Rich amine feeding temperature 310-TIC-033; amine regenerator
reboiler steam flowrate 310-FIC-012A and 310-FIC-012B
控制方式：正常生产时通过富胺液入塔温度调节阀控制塔顶温度，塔顶温也受
塔底蒸汽量、塔顶回流酸性水温度以及塔顶回流罐压力影响。
Control method: During normal operation, overhead temperature is controlled by

adjusting the rich amine feeding temperature, and is also affected by the amine
regenerator reboiler steam flowrate, reflux sour water temperature and pressure of
amine regenerator reflux drum.
TIC TE PIC PV
033 033 063 063B
酸性气至硫磺
V-1
回收装置
Sour gas to
Sulphur
310-V02 Recovery Unit
富胺液自310-
P01来 FV019
Rich amine from 310 -CE01
310-P01
310-C01
310 -P02AB
正常调整：
Normal Adjustment:
Table 2-3 table for normal remedies
回流罐顶出口酸气流量大
适当关小酸气控制阀
High flowrate of sour gas from 塔顶温度高
Reduce opening degree of the sour gas control
the top of amine regenerator High overhead temperature
valve properly
reflux drum
塔顶回流酸性水温度高，顶
温高联系供水，必要时开大循环水付线阀
循环水压力小 High temperature of the Contact to supply water. If necessary,
Low water pressure overhead refluxed sour increase the open degree of the cooling water
water and high overhead bypass valve
temperature
富胺液入塔温度低调整富胺液入塔温控阀，适当提高温度
塔顶温度高
low rich amine feed temperature Adjust rich amine feeding control valve to
High overhead temperature
into amine regenerator increase temperature properly
塔底温、顶温高
塔底蒸汽量调整重沸器调节阀，适当减小底温
High temperature at top
Regenerator bottom steam Adjust reboiler steam control valve to reduce
and(or) bottom of amine
flowrate bottom temperature properly
regenerator
异常处理：
Exception Handling:
Table 2-4 table for handling abnormal situation
塔顶压控阀失灵酸气流量不稳，塔温度波动大立即仪表联系，调整塔底温和顶温，严重时酸气放火炬，
Amine regenerator Unstable sour gas flow, and按紧急停工处理
overhead pressure huge fluctuation of overhead
Contact instrument personnel immediately to adjust top
control valve failure temperature and bottom temperature of amine regenerator, vent
sour gas to flare in case of severe condition and
conduct emergency shutdown procedure
入塔富胺液温度不稳，塔顶温立即仪表联系，调整塔底温和顶温，必要时将温控阀旁
入塔富胺液温控阀失灵度波动大路改副线控制
Failure of rich amine Rich amine feeding Contact instrument personnel immediately to adjust the
feeding temperature temperature unstable and amine regenerator top and bottom temperature.
control valve huge fluctuation of overhead Bypass temperature control valve to manually adjust if
temperature necessary
蒸汽量波动大，塔底温、顶温
立即仪表联系，控制好塔底温，严重时酸气放火炬，按
剧烈波动
重沸器温控阀失灵紧急停工处理
Failure of Reboiler Huge fluctuation of
Contact instrument personnel immediately to control
temperature control reboiler steam flowrate;
regenerator bottom temperature. Vent sour gas to flare
Sharp fluctuation of amine
valve in case of severe condition and conduct emergency
regenerator top and bottom
shutdown procedure.
temperature
2.2.1.3 再生塔（310-C01）底液位控制
Level control of amine regenerator(310-C01)
控制原则：310-C01 塔底液面是酸性气体和贫液间的液封，过低会使酸性气倒
窜至胺液贮罐 310-V03,而高限控制会延长贫液在塔内的停留时间,增加再生效
果,一般控制 50%-70%
Control Principles: 310-C01 bottom liquid is a liquid seal for sour gas and lean amine.
When level is too low, sour gas will flow back to lean amine drum 310-V03. However,
operating with high level, normally between 50%-70%, will increase lean amine residue
time in the regenerator so as to enhance regeneration effect.
控制点名称：310-LIC-026
Tag Number of Control Point
控制目标： 60%
Control target:
控制范围：50%-70%
Control range:
相关参数：富液入塔量、贫液出塔量、再生塔压力,塔顶回流量
Related parameters: Rich amine feeding rate, amine regenerator lean amine bottom
out rate, amine regenerator pressure and amine regenerator reflux rate
控制方式：310-LIC-026 与贫液至 310-V03 线上的液控阀 310-LV-026 组成简

单负反馈控制回路。
Control method:The simple negative feedback control loop by 310-LIC-026 and the
level control valve 310-LV-026 (installed on lean amine to 310-V03)
控制流程图：
Control Flow Diagram:

至310-EA01 To 310-EA01
酸性水自310-P02AB来
Sour water from 310-
富液自310-E01来 P02AB
·
Rich amine from 310-
E01
310-C01
贫液
Lean
amine
LT LIC
026 026
310-P03ABC
正常操作：
Normal operation:
Table 2-5table for normal remedies
序号影响因素调节方法
S/N Possible cause Remedies
富液入塔量
调节 310-FIC-019,稳定富液入塔量
1 Regenerator rich amine
Adjust 310-FIC-019 to stabilize the regenerator rich amine feeding rate
feeding rate
贫液出塔量
调节稳定出塔贫液量
2 Lean amine bottom out
Adjust and stabilize lean amine bottom out rate from regenerator
rate from regenerator
再生塔压力
稳定再生塔压力
3 Amine regenerator
Stabilize amine regenerator pressure
pressure
塔顶回流量调节 310-LIC-019 稳定回流量
4
Reflux vessel Adjust 310-LIC-019 to stabilize the reflux rate
异常调节：
Exception regulation
Table 2-5 table for handling abnormal situation

序号现象原因处理方法
S/N Phenomena Cause Handling method
1）富液入塔量过大 1）调节 310-FIC-019 稳定流量
Excessive rich amine feeding into Adjust 310-FIC-019 to stabilize flowrate
amine regenerator 2）调节稳定出塔贫液量
2）贫液出塔量过小 Adjust and stabilize lean amine bottom out rate
Lean amine bottom out rate from from regenerator
再生塔液位迅速升 amine regenerator too small 3）调节 310-LIC-019 稳定回流量
高 3）回流量过大 Adjust 310-LIC-019 to stabilize reflux rate
1
Regenerator level Excessive reflux rate 4）联系仪表修理
increases rapidly 4）仪表失灵 Contact instrument personnel to repair
Instrument failures 5）联系仪表修理、现场副线控制
5）调节阀故障 Contact instrument personnel to repair, while
Control valve failures control by bypass on site
6）再生塔压力过低 6）调节稳定塔压
Amine regenerator pressure too low Adjust and stabilize amine regenerator pressure
1）富液入塔量过小或中断 1）调节 310-FIC-019 稳定流量
Rich amine feeding rate of amine Adjust 310-FIC-019 to stabilize flowrate
regenerator too small or none. 2）调节稳定出塔贫液量
2）贫液出塔量过大 Adjust and stabilize lean amine bottom out rate
Excessive lean amine bottom out rate from regenerator
from amine regenerator 3）调节 310-LIC-019 稳定回流量
再生塔液位迅速下 3）回流量过小或中断 Adjust 310-LIC-019 to stabilize reflux rate
降 Too small reflux rate or interruption 4）联系仪表修理
2
Regenerator level 4）仪表失灵 Contact instrument personnel to repair
decreases rapidly Instrument failures 5）联系仪表修理、现场副线控制
5）调节阀故障 Contact instrument personnel to repair, while
Fault of control valve. control by bypass on site
6）再生塔压力过高 6）调节稳定塔压
Regenerator overpressure Adjust and stabilize amine regenerator pressure
7）冲塔 7）调节操作、检查胺液
Flooding trouble Adjust operation and check amine solution
3 开工规程
STARTUP PROCEDURE
3.1 开工统筹图
Startup Network Diagram
与硫磺回收装置、柴油加氢
建立溶剂循环，进行药洗和
工程全面交接,公用工程具氮气置换气密存量标定
三查四定、工程问题整改完成系统水联运,仪表联校溶剂系统升温正
备投用条件 Nitrogen Establish solvent circulation
配置胺液 with SRU and DHT unit, 常循环
，单机试车仪表单校结束 System
Construction completion , 蒸汽贯 replacement Solvent system
Completion of Punch list, commissioning with 系统气密 Amine chemical flushing and stock
utilities ready for 通吹扫活性炭装填 and heat up to
modification and adjustment , water and instrument System Solution of calibration
commissioning Steami Activated secondary
solo run-in and instrument alignment Preparation normal cycle
tightness test carbon nitrogen
calibration ng out
loading
0 1 2 3 4 5
tightness test
6 7 8 9
汽 r
引风 e ai
uc
od a m
In tr d ste
an 2017-1-30 2017-2-5 2017-2-10 2017-2-15 2017-2-18 2017-2-25 2017-2-30 2017-3-3 2017-3-6
图3-1 开工统筹图
Figure 3-1startup network diagram
溶剂再生装置试车网络图
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to
any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
施工验收完毕，交付开工检查
Startup inspection after construction
acceptance completed
3.2 开工纲要（A 级）
Startup Outline (Grade A)
3.2.1 开工前准备
Preparation for startup
3.2.1.1 开工前的准备工作
Prerequisites
3.2.1.2 公用工程的引进
Utilities Introducing
A2.1 公用工程引入前的要求
Prerequisites for the utility introducing
A2.2 0.24MPa 蒸汽引进装置

Introducing 0.24MPa Steam to unit
A2.3 仪表空气引进装置
Introducing plant air to unit
A2.4 引生产水进装置
Introducing plant water to unit
A2.5 引入脱离子水进装置
Introducing demi-water to unit
A2.6 引入 N2 进装置
Introducing nitrogen to unit
A2.7 引入循环水进装置
Introducing cooling water to unit
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
公用介质引入完毕
Utilities introducing completed
3.2.2 再生系统建立贫胺液冷循环
Establishing Lean Amine Cold Circulation In Regeneration System
3.2.2.1 地下胺罐(310-V06) N2 置换
Nitrogen Replacement for Amine Drain Drum (310-V06)
3.2.2.2 胺液储罐（310-S01、S02） N2 置换
Nitrogen Replacement 发 or Amine Make Up Tank And Amine Drain Tank
(310-S01 And S02)
3.2.2.3 胺液储罐（310-S01、S02）建立 N2 封
Establishing Nitrogen Sealing In Amine Make Up Tank And Amine Drain
Tank (310-S01 And S02)
3.2.2.4 配制胺液
Amine Solution Make-up
3.2.2.5 贫胺罐（310-S01）内循环
Internal Circulation of Lean Amine Tank (310-S01)
3.2.2.6 系统建立冷胺液循环
Establishing Cold Amine Solution Circulation
A6.1 流程准备
Preparation for process
A6.2 循环系统充氮置换、保压
Nitrogen replacement and maintaining pressure for circulation system
A6.3 闪蒸罐（310-V01）N2 置换、保压

Nitrogen replacement and p maintaining pressure for rich amine flash drum
(310-V01)
A6.4 胺吸收塔（310-C02）N2 置换、保压

Nitrogen replacement and maintaining pressure for amine absorber (310-C02)
A6.5 310-E03、310-E04 引循环水

Introducing cooling water for 310-E03 and 310-E04
A6.6 建立胺液冷循环
Establishing cold circulation for amine solution
3.2.3. 再生系统建立热胺循环
Establishing Hot Amine Circulation For Regeneration System
3.2.3.1 公用工程引入 0.24MPa 蒸汽

Introducing 0.24MPa Steam
3.2.3.2 再生塔升温
Increasing Temperature of Amine Regenerator
3.2.3.3 设备、管线热紧
Hot Tightening Of Equipment And Piping Flanges
3.2.4. 再生系统与上游装置建立循环
Establishing Circulation between Regeneration System And Upstream Units
3.2.4.1 再生系统向各装置送贫胺液
Supplying Lean Amine to Each Unit
3.2.4.2 再生系统引入富胺液
Introducing Rich Amine to Regeneration System
3.2.4.3 再生系统酸性气并入酸性气管网
Sour Gas Send To Network
3.2.4.4 胺吸收塔各回收酸性气入塔
Amine Absorber Begin To Receive Sour Gas
3.2.5. 调整操作，控制参数在指标内
Operating To Control Parameters Within Normal Range
稳定状态 FS
Steady State FS
再生系统与上游装置建立循环,运行正常
Circulation between regeneration system and
upstream units is established, while operate normally
3.3 开工操作（B 级）
Startup Operation (Grade B)
状态确认：
Status to be confirmed to extent that:
(I)– 确认 DCS 仪表调试好用

(I)– Confirm DCS instrument is normal.
(P)– 确认各塔、容器封闭完成
(P)– Confirm all columns and vessels closed up.
(P)– 确认现场清洁干净
(P)– Confirm site cleaned up and tidy.
(P)– 确认劳动保护就位
(P)– Confirm personal protection ready.
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
施工验收完毕，交付开工检查
Startup inspection after construction
acceptance completed
3.3.1 开工前的准备
Preparation for Startup
3.3.1.1 开工前的准备工作
Prerequisites
[M]– 联系调度确定开工时间
[M]– Contact scheduler to confirm startup time.
(M)– 确认各岗位人员已经掌握开工方案
(M)– Confirm personnel at all posts well master the startup plan.
[M]– 通知保运、外协等部门装置开车时间，做好开工配合工作
[M]– Inform startup time to maintenance and outsourcing departments so as to
cooperate well during startup.
(M)– 确认可燃气体报警仪设施完好
(M)– Confirm combustible and toxic gas detectors are normal.
(M)– 确认 H2S 报警仪设施完好

(M)– Confirm H2S detectors are normal.
[M]– 对胺处理装置进行全面检查。
[M]– Conduct full inspection for amine treating unit.
(P)– 确认塔、罐等压力容器的人孔、接口法兰是否把紧，螺栓、垫片按要
求选配
(P)– Check tightness of manholes and nozzle flanges, and bots and gaskets for
each column and vessel.
(P)– 确认压力表、液位计、温度计等压力容器配件完好配齐
(P)– Confirm vessel accessories like pressure gauge, level meter and thermometer
are fully equipped and in sound condition.
(P)– 确认安全阀已安装投用
(P)– Confirm pressure relief valve already in service.
(P)– 确认机泵按要求试运完毕
(P)– Confirm run-in of pumps completed.
(P)– 确认机泵进出口法兰、垫片符合要求把紧
(P)– Confirm that flange and gasket at the suction and discharge of rotating
equipment are fastened tight.
(P)– 确认机泵润滑、密封系统完好畅通
(P)– Confirm lubricating and seal system in sound condition without blocking.
(P)– 确认各调节阀、变送器、传感器件完好齐全
(P)– Confirm all control valves, transmitters and sensor devices are normal and
fully equipped.
(P)– 确认调节阀调校正常
(P)– Confirm calibration of control valve is complete and in normal condition.
(I)– 确认 DCS 正常投用

(I)– Confirm that DCS in normal service.
(P)– 确认管线、容器设备的保温材料、油漆状况完好
(P)– Confirm insulation and painting of pipelines and equipment are in sound
condition.
(P)– 确认装置现场的脚手架等杂物已清除干净
(P)– Confirm that the debris on site like scaffolds is removed completely.
(P)– 确认装置内消防蒸汽带、消防水带配齐完好
(P)– Confirm fire steam hose and fire water hose are fully equipped and in sound
condition.
(P)– 确认灭火器、火灾报警仪完好。
(P)– Confirm fire extinguisher and fire alarm instrument are in sound condition.
(P)– 确认设备接地线良好。
(P)– Confirm equipment grounding completed.
(P)– 确认停工盲板已拆除
(P)– Confirm blinds used for shutdown duration are removed.
3.3.1.2 公用工程引进
Introducing Utilities
B2.1 公用工程引入前的要求
Prerequisites for the utilities introducing
1) 装置道路畅通，场地清洁，人员已经培训考试合格上岗，工具齐
备。
Road is clear and work area is clean and tidy. Relative personnel has
been trained and qualified after examination, and all tools are fully
equipped.
2) 对装置工艺、设备、动力系统进行全面检查，对查出的问题整改
完毕。
Conduct a full inspection for unit process flow, equipment and power
system and complete modification of inspected problems.
3) 公用工程系统投用安排专人负责，做好记录。
Appoint specially-assigned person to take responsibility and make record
for utility system.
B2.2 0.24 MPa 蒸汽引进装置

Introducing 0.24MPa Steam to the unit
[P]– 检查变通 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置流程

[P]– Check and unblock 0.24MPa steam to unit.
[P]– 关闭 0.24MPa 蒸汽主线上各支线阀门

[P]– Close each branch valve on 0.24MPa steam header.
[M]– 联系调度引 0.24MPa 蒸汽

[M] – Contact the scheduler to introduce 0.24MPa steam.
[P]– 打开蒸汽进装置界区排凝阀排净凝结水
[P]– Open condensate drain valve on battery limit (BL) of steam pipeline
to drain condensate completely.
[P]– 打开 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置阀门

[P] – Open 0.24MPa steam BL valves.
(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置

(P)– Confirm 0.24MPa steam already introduced into unit.
[P]– 打开 0.24Mpa 蒸汽总管末端排凝阀，排净后关闭

[P]– Open the condensate drain valve at the end of 0.24Mpa steam
header, and close it after drain completely.
[P]– 打开 0.24MPa 蒸汽总线到各支线阀门

[P]– Open each valve on 0.24MPa branch line.
[P]– 0.24MPa 蒸汽到各支线末端排凝微见汽

[P]– Steam is observed at the end of each 0.24MPa steam branch line
[P]– 关小各排凝微见汽为止
[P]– Turn down (Not fully close) each condensate valve to maintain a
slight amount of observed steam.
注意：
Cautions:
1、引蒸汽时要缓慢，各低点要排净存水，以免出现膨胀或水击损坏设备和管线
Steam introducing shall be slow and condensate shall be completely drained to
prevent equipment and pipeline from damages caused by expansion or “water
hammer”.
2、排凝时防止被蒸汽烫伤。
Prevent scalded by steam when draining condensate.
B2.3 仪表空气引进装置
Introducing plant air to unit
[P]– 变通仪表空气引进装置流程
[P]– Unblock instrument air pipeline to unit.
(M)– 确认装置内仪表空气流程正常
(M)– Confirm instrument air flow inside of unit is correct.
[M]– 联系调度引仪表空气
[M] – Contact scheduler to introduce plant air.
[P]– 打开仪表空气进装置阀门
[P]– Open instrument air BL valves.
(P)– 确认仪表空气引入装置
(P)– Confirm instrument air already introduced into unit.
注意：
Cautions:
引风时注意开关阀门缓慢。
Note that slowly open and close valve during introducing plant air
B2.4 引生产水进装置
Introducing plant water to unit
(P)– 确认各服务站阀门关闭
(P)– Confirm root valve of each utility station closed.
[M]– 联系调度引生产水
[M]– Contact scheduler to introduce plant water.
[P]– 打开生产水阀门
[P]– Open plant water BL valve.
(P)– 确认生产水引入装置
(P)– Confirm plant water already introduced into unit.
B2.5 引入脱离子水
Introducing demi-water
(P)– 确认装置内脱离子水流程正常
(P)– Confirm demi-water flow inside of unit is normal.
(P)– 确认装置内各支路脱离子水阀门关闭
(P)– Confirm demi-water valves on each branch line closed.
[M]– 联系调度引脱离子水
[M] – Contact scheduler to introduce demi-water.
[P]– 打开界区脱离子水阀门，打开装置内各支路除盐水阀门
[P]– Open demi-water BL valves and root valves on each branch lines.
(P)– 确认脱离子水引入装置
(P)– Confirm demi-water already introduced into unit.
B2.6 引入 N2
Introducing N2
(P)– 确认装置 N2 流程已全部变通

(P)– Confirm all nitrogen flows already unblocked.
[M]– 联系调度引 N2
[M] – Contact scheduler to introduce nitrogen.
[P]– 打开胺处理装置界区 N2 排凝阀排净凝液

[P]– Open nitrogen BL condensate drain valve to drain condensate
completely.
[P]– 关闭胺处理装置界区 N2 排凝阀

[P]– Close nitrogen BL condensate drain valve.
[P]– 打开 N2 进装置阀
[P]– Open nitrogen BL valves.
(P)– 确认 N2 引入装置
(P)– Confirm nitrogen already introduced into unit.
注意：
Cautions:
要防止氮气窜入其它设备和管线。
Prevent nitrogen leaking to other equipment and pipelines.
B2.7 引入循环水
Introducing cooling water
[P]– 检查装置内循环水流程
[P]– Check cooling water flow inside of unit.
(P)– 确认界区阀门关闭,装置内各支路循环水阀关闭
(P)– Confirm that the valves at BL and each branch inside of unit closed.
[M]– 联系调度引循环水
[M] – Contact scheduler to introduce cooling water.
[P]– 打开界区循环水回水阀
[P]– Open BL valves on cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开各支路循环水回水阀
[P]– Open valves on each branch cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开界区循环水上水阀
[P]– Open BL valves on cooling water supply line.
[P]– 打开各支路循环水上水阀
[P]– Open valves on each branch cooling water return line.
(P)– 确认循环水引入装置
(P) – Confirm cooling water already introduced into unit.
注意
Cautions：
1、引循环水过程中逐一检查流程是否正确
Check flow for correctness one by one during introducing cooling water.
2、循环水运行正常后，憋压查漏，发现问题做好记录，逐一处理。
After cooling water runs normally, conduct buildup pressure to check leakage
with full records for case-by-case addressing.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
全面大检查结束，公用工程全部引入
Thorough inspection and utilities introducing are
completed
状态确认
再生塔的确认：
Confirmation of amine regenerator:
(P)– 确认再生塔相连管线上的阀门、法兰、仪表、管件及工艺流程安装良
好
(P)– Confirm valves, flanges, instruments, pipe fittings on the pipelines connected
to the amine regenerator are well installed.
(P)– 确认酸性气放火炬线畅通
(P)– Confirm pipeline for venting sour gas to flare unblocked.
(P)– 确认酸性气采样口畅通，阀门灵活好用
(P)– Confirm sampling flow unblocked and valve is free to move.
重沸器确认：
Confirmation of reboiler:
(P)– 确认连接管件、封头、排污线、蒸汽凝结水排出线、加热蒸汽线安装
合理、合格。
(P)– Confirm that installation of connection pipe fittings, closure head, drain line,
condensate line and steam line is reasonable and qualified.
(P)– 确认出入口温度计安装就位，符合要求
(P)– Confirm installation of the reboiler inlet and outlet thermometer is completed
and meet the requirement.
(P)– 确认有关的工艺管线安装合理
(P)– Confirm that installation of relative process pipelines is reasonable.
工艺管线和容器的确认：
Confirmation of process pipelines and vessels:
(P)– 确认所有工艺管线上的阀门、法兰、仪表、管件及工艺流程安装合理
(P)– Confirm that the installation of valves, flanges, instruments, pipe fittings on
pipelines is reasonable.
(P)– 确认应拆除的盲板已拆、应加盲板已加，对盲板的拆除、安设要详细
记录并挂牌
(P)– Confirm that removal and installation of blinds has been conducted as required,
with detailed records and hanging tags on removed or added blinds.
(P)– 确认所有阀门开关灵活好用，检查完毕关闭所有阀门
(P)– Confirm all valves are free to move, close all valves after inspection complete.
(P)– 确认闪蒸罐、凝结水罐、回流罐的安全阀定压值、施工质量符合要求，
器内无杂物
(P)– Confirm that PRV set pressure and construction quality of flash drum,
condensate tank and reflux vessel meet requirements, and no debris inside
these vessels.
机泵的确认：
Confirmation of pump:
(P)– 确认机泵的出入口阀灵活，机泵安装质量符合要求
(P)– Confirm that suction and discharge valves of pumps are free to move and their
installations meet requirements.
(P)– 确认接地线、地脚螺丝、对轮安全罩完好
(P)– Confirm that ground wire, anchor screw and flywheel guard are satisfactory.
辅助系统的确认：
Confirmation of auxiliary system
(P)– 确认生产水、脱离子水、循环水、凝结水等系统畅通
(P)– Confirm that systems of plant water, demi-water, cooling water and
condensate unblocked.
(P)– 确认各电动设备电源线接通，照明满足生产要求，接地良好
(P)– Confirm that power cords of motor-driven equipment are plugged in, lighting
meet production requirement, and grounding is properly.
(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽畅通

(P)– Confirm 0.24MPa steam unblocked.
(P)– 确认工厂空气、仪表空气、氮气系统畅通
(P)– Confirm that plant air, instrument air as well as nitrogen system are unblocked.
安环设施的确认：
Confirmation of safety and environmental facilities:
(P)– 确认雨水系统畅通，含油污水系统与雨水系统隔离
(P)– Confirm rain water system unblocked, and separated from oily wastewater
system.
(P)– 各安全警示牌已安装就位
(P)– All safety warning sign are already installed in prescribed place.
(P)– 确认巡回检查站点合理，设施齐全
(P)– Confirm that the place of patrol inspection station is reasonable, and facilities
are fully equipped.
(P)– 确认所有安全阀已正常投用
(P)– Confirm that all pressure relief valves already in service.
其它有关确认：
Confirmation of miscellaneous:
(P)– 确认所有一次表、二次表和控制阀校好
(P)– Confirm that calibration of all primary instruments, secondary instruments and
the control valves is completed.
(P)– 确认所有管线和机泵上的排污阀关闭
(P)– Confirm that drain and vent valves on all pipelines and pumps are closed.
(M)– 确认水、电、汽、风、氮气等引进装置
(M)– Confirm that water, electricity, steam, air, nitrogen already introduced into unit.
(M)– 确认保运、外协等单位到场配合开工
(M)– Confirm that the maintenance and outsourcing team are ready to cooperate
with startup work on site.
(M)– 确认工艺流程无误
(M)– Confirm correctness of process flow.
(M)– 确认开工方案已经上级有关部门签字批准
(M)– Confirm that startup plan already signed and approved by management
department.
3.3.2 再生系统建立贫胺冷循环
Establishing Lean Amine Circulation For Regeneration System
3.3.2.1 胺液配置罐(310-S01)冲洗，氮气置换
Flushing And Nitrogen Replacement Of Amine Make Up Tank（310-S01）
[P]– 打开 310-S01 排污阀

[P]– Open the blowdown valve of 310-S01.
[P]– 打开 310-S01 顶放空阀
[P]– Open the vent valve at the top of 310-S01.
[P]– 打开进 310-S01 的脱离子水阀进水

[P]– Open the demineralized valve of 310-S01 to introduce demi-water.
(P)– 确认 310-S01 排污口水干净

(P)– Confirm water drained from 310-S01 blowdown nozzle is clean.
[P]– 关闭 310-S01 排污阀

[P]– Close the blowdown valve of 310-S01.
(P)– 确认液位达 50%

(P)– Confirm that the level reaches 50%.
[P]– 打开 310-S01 排污阀

[P]– Open the blowdown valve of 310-S01.
(P)– 确认液位达 0%
(P)– Confirm that level reaches 0%.
[P]– 重复上述两次.
[P]– Perform above operations twice.
[P]– 打开进 310-S01 的氮气阀 310-PV-103A 进行置换空气

[P]– Open nitrogen valve PV103A to conduct nitrogen replacement.
(P)– 确认 310-S01 排污口出气达 10 分钟

(P)– Confirm gas (nitrogen and air) appears at blowdown nozzle for 10 minutes.
[P]– 联系化验分析气体
[P]– Contact Lab department to sample the 310-S01 vent gas.
(P)– 确认放空气体 O2 含量小于 0.5%

(P)– Confirm that oxygen content in vent gas is less than 0.5%.
[P]– 关闭 310-S01 排污阀

[P]– Close the blowdown valve of 310-S01.
[P]– 关小进 310-S01 的氮气阀，保留微量气体放罐

[P]– Turn down the nitrogen valve to 310-S01in order to maintain small amount of
nitrogen going into tank.
3.3.2.2 胺液储罐 310-V03 N2 置换

Nitrogen Replace MentFor Lean Amine Drum 310-V03
[I]– 手动打开 310-PV-009B 副线阀，向 310-V03 充氮置换

[I]– Open bypass valve of 310-PV-009B manually to conduct nitrogen replacement
for 310-V03.
(I)– 确认 310-PI-009 压力达到 1.5KPa

(I)– Confirm pressure 310-PI-009 reaches 1.5KPa.
[P]– 关闭 310-V03 底部排污阀

[P]– Close blowdown valve at the bottom of 310-V03.
(P)– 手动打开 310-PV-009A 确认有气体排出

(P)– Open 310-PV-009A manually and confirm gas (air and nitrogen) appears at
blowdown nozzle.
[P]– 保持排气 20 分钟
[P]– Keep venting gas for 20 minutes.
[P]– 联系化验对放空气体进行分析
[P]– Contact Lab department to analyze vent gas.
(P)– 确认放空气体 O2 含量小于 0.5%

(P)– Confirm that oxygen content in vent gas is less than 0.5%.
[P]– 关闭充氮气阀
[P]– Close nitrogen charging valves.
3.3.2.3 胺液储罐 310-S01、S02 建立 N2 封

Establishing Nitrogen Sealing For Amine Make Up Tank And Amine Drain
Tank 310-S01 And S02
[P]– 打开 310-PV-102A/B、310-PV-103A/B 的前后手阀

[P]– Open front and behind valves of 310-PV-102A/B and 310-PV-103A/B.
[P]– 关闭 310-PV-102A/B、310-PV-103A/B 的副线阀

[P]– Close bypass valves of 310-PV-102A/B and 310-PV-103A/B.
[I]– 调节 310-PV-102A/B、310-PV-103A/B，设定压力为 48KPaG 投自动

[I]– Adjust 310-PV-102A/B and 310-PV-103A/B to a set pressure of 48KPaG, and
put into automatic mode.
3.3.2.4 配制胺液
Amine Solution Make-up
[P]– 打开进 310-S01 的氮气阀 310-PV-103A 进行置换空气

[P]– Open nitrogen valve 310-PV-103A to conduct nitrogen replacement.
(P)– 确认 310-S01 排污口出气达 10 分钟

(P)– Confirm gas (nitrogen and air) appears at blowdown nozzle for 10 minutes.
[P]– 打开 310-PV-103A/B 出入口阀门，关闭副线阀

[P]– Open inlet and outlet valve of 310-PV-103A/B, while close the bypass valve.
[P]– 联系仪表对 310-PIC-103 设定压力为 48KPa

[P]– Contact instrument personnel to set the pressure of 310-PIC-103 at 48KPa.
[P]– 在 310-S01 加剂口接好胶管

[P]– Connect hose to amine loading connection nozzle of 310-S01.
[P]– 将新鲜胺液加入 310-S01

[P]– Add new amine solution into 310-S01.
[P]– 加入所需胺液量以后，打开入 310-S01 除盐水，将胺液浓度调整至

25%~30%
[P]– After the required amount of amine is added, open demi-water valve to
310-S01 and adjust the concentration of amine solution to 25%~30%.
(P)– 确认达到生产所需的液位，和浓度在 25～30%，停止配制

(P)– Stop to make up amine solution after confirmation of level reaching to the
normal requirement and 25%~30% concentration obtained.
注意：
Cautions:
1、胺液配置必须用脱离子水或脱氧水，以防止胺液变质。
It must to make up amine with demi-water or deoxygenated water to prevent
amine deterioration
2、胺液储罐的氮气保护及水封罐必须正常投用，防止胺液接触氧气发
生变质。
Nitrogen protection of Amine make up tank and water-sealed tank must be
normally put in service to prevent amine deterioration by contacting with air.
3.3.2.5
(I) 贫胺罐内循环
Lean Amine Tank Circulation
改通以下流程
Unblock follow flow:
310-S01→310-P07AB→310-S01
[P]– 关闭 310-P07AB 去 310-ME04 阀，打开入罐阀

[P]– Close the valve from 310-P07AB to 310-ME04, while open drum feeding
valve.
[P]– 打开 310-P07AB 入口阀

[P]– Open 310-P07AB suction valve.
[P]– 启动 310-P07AB
[P]– Start 310-P07AB.
[P]– 打开 310-P07AB 出口阀建立罐内循环

[P]– Open 310-P07AB discharge valve to establish circulation inside the drum.
[M]– 通知化验室对 310-S01 胺液浓度进行分析

[M]– Inform Lab department to analyze the concentration of amine solution in
310-S01.
(M)– 确认 310-S01 胺液浓度合格

(M)– Confirm that the concentration of amine solution in 310-S01meet the
requirement.
[P]– 停 310-P07AB
[P]– Stop 310-P07AB.
[P]– 关闭 310-P07AB 出口阀

[P]– Close 310-P07AB discharge valve.
3.3.2.6 系统建立冷胺液循环
Establishing cold amine solution Circulation
B6.1 流程准备
Preparation for process
310-S01→310-ME04→310-V03→310-P04ABC→310-C02→310-V0
1→310-P01ABC
310-S01→310-ME04→310-V03→310-P04ABC→310-C02→310-V01→310-P
01ABC
→310-E01（管程/tube side）→310-C01→310-E01（壳程/shell side）

→310-P03ABC→310-EA02
→310-ME01、02、03→310-V03
→310-ME01、02、03→310-V03
操作步骤：
Operation steps:
(P)– 确认胺处理装置现场所有倒淋阀关闭
(P)– Confirm that all drain valves in amine treating unit are closed.
(P)– 确认胺处理装置现场所有去 310-V06 密排阀关闭

(P)– Confirm that all closed drain valves on the line to 310-V06 in amine
treating unit are closed.
(I)– 确认胺处理装置全部仪表已投用
(I)– Confirm that all instruments in amine treating unit already put in
service.
(I)– 确认下列调节阀手动关闭
(I)– Confirm following control valves closed manually.
(I)– 310-LIC-012
(I)– 310-FIC-019
(I)– 310-TV-033
(I)– 310-LV-022
(I)– 310-TV-001
[P]– 打开下列调节阀前后手阀、关闭副线阀
(P)– Open front and behind valves of the following control valves, while
close bypass valves.
(P)– 310-LIC-012
(P)– 310-FIC-019
(P)– 310-TV-033
(P)– 310-LV-022
(P)– 310-LIC-026
(P)– 310-TV-001
[P]– 打开 310-S01 贫胺液出口阀
[P]– Open 310-S01 lean amine outlet valve.
[P]– 打开 310-P07A/B 入口阀

[P]– Open the 310-P07A/B suction valves.
[P]– 打开 310-ME04 贫胺液出入口阀

[P]– Open 310-ME04 lean amine inlet and outlet valves.
[P]– 打开 310-ME04 至 310-V03 贫胺液入口阀，关闭至 310-V01

入口阀
[P]– Open the 310-V03 lean amine inlet valves (from 310-ME04) , while
close the 310-V01 inlet valve.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 罐底出口阀

[P]– Open the outlet valve at the bottom of 310-V03.
[P]– 打开 310-P04A/B/C 入口阀

[P]– Open the 310-P04A/B/C suction valves.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 贫胺液出入口阀
[P]– Open the lean amine inlet and outlet valves of 310-E04.
[P]– 打开 310-C02 贫胺液入口阀

[P]– Open the lean amine inlet valve of 310-C02.
[P]– 打开 310-C02 富胺液出口阀

[P]– Open the rich amine outlet valve of 310-C02.
[P]– 打开 310-V01 富胺液出入口阀

[P]– Open the rich amine inlet and outlet valves of 310-V01.

[P]– Open the suction valves of 310-P01A/B/C
[P]– 打开 310-E01 贫富胺液入口阀

[P]– Open the lean and rich amine inlet valve of 310-E01.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 顶富胺液进料阀

[P]– Open the rich amine feed control valve at the top of 310-C01.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 塔底出口阀

[P]– Open the outlet valve at the bottom of 310-C01 regenerator.

[P]– Open the 310-P03A/B/C suction valves.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 顶部酸性气出口阀

[P]– Open the sour gas outlet valve at the top of 310-V02.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 底部酸性水出口阀

[P]– Open the sour gas outlet valve at the bottom of 310-V02.
[P]– 打开 310-P02A/B 入口阀

[P]– Open the 310-P02A/B suction valves.
(P)– 确认 310-P02A/B 出口向 311、315 单元排酸水阀关

(P)– Confirm that the sour water drain valves from 310-P02A/B discharge
to unit 311 and 315 are closed.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 顶部酸性水回流阀

[P]– Open the sour water reflux valve at the top of 310-C01.
[P]– 打开 310-EA02 贫胺液出入口阀

[P]– Open the 310-EA02 lean amine inlet and outlet valves.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫胺液自 310-EA02 入口阀

[P]– Open the 310-V03 lean amine inlet valve (lean amine from the
310-EA02).
(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽入系统各阀关

(P)– Confirm that all valves of 0.24MPa steam to system are closed.
(P)– 确认 N2 入系统各阀关(P)– Confirm that all valves on the

pipeline of nitrogen introducing to system are closed.
(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽、N2 集合管入系统各阀关闭
(P)– Confirm that all valves of 0.24MPa steam and nitrogen manifolds to
system are closed.
(P)– 确认胺处理装置贫胺液至各装置界区阀关
(P)– Confirm that lean amine BL valves to each unit are closed.
B6.2 循环系统充氮置换、保压
Nitrogen replacement and maintaining pressure for circulation system
[P]– 打开 310-C01 底 N2 阀
[P]– Open the nitrogen valve at the bottom of 310-C01.
(P)– 确认 310-PI-055： 0.08MPa

(P)– Confirm PI055 is 0.08MPa.
[P]– 关闭 310-C01 底部 N2 阀
[P]– Close nitrogen valve at the bottom of 310-C01.
[P]– 打开 310-PV-063A 前后手阀

[P]– Open the front and behind valves of 310-PV-063A.
[P]– 投用 310-V02 顶安全阀

[P]– Put the pressure relief valve at the top of 310-V02 in service.
[P]– 打 310-C01 底部 N2 阀
[P]– Open the nitrogen valve at the bottom of 310-C01.
[I]– 调节 310-PV-063A 控制塔压力约 0.08MPa

[I]– Adjust 310-PV-063A to maintain regenerator pressure at about
0.08MPa.
(I)– 确认 310-PIC-063：0.08MPa
(I)– Confirm 310-PIC-063: 0.08MPa
B6.3 胺吸收塔（310-C02）N2 置换、保压

Nitrogen replacement and pressure maintaining for amine absorber (310-C02)
[P]– 打开 310-PV-033A 前后手阀，关闭副线阀

[P] – Open the front and behind valves of 310-PV-033A, while close the
bypass valve.
[P]– 投用 310-C02、310-V05 顶部安全阀

[P]– Put the pressure relief valve at the top of 310-C02 and 310-V05 in
service.
[P]– 打开进 310-C02 N2 阀

[P]– Open the nitrogen valve to 310-C02.
[I]– 调整 310-PV-033A 控制 310-PIC-033 压力约 0.15MPa

[I]– Adjust 310-PV-033A to control 310-PIC-033 pressure at about
0.15MPa.
(I)– 确认 310-PIC-003： 0.15MPa

(I)– Confirm 310-PIC-003 is 0.15MPa.
[P]– 调整充氮阀控制进 310-C02 N2 量

[P]– Adjust the nitrogen makeup valve to control the rate of nitrogen into
310-C02.
B6.4 闪蒸罐 N2 置换、保压

Nitrogen replacement and pressure maintaining for flash drum.
[P]– 打开 310-PV-025AB 前后手阀，关闭副线阀

[P] – Open the front and behind valves of 310-PV-025AB, while close the
bypass valve.
[P]– 投用 310-V01 顶部安全阀

[P]– Put the pressure relief valve at the top of 310-V01 in service.
[I]– 手动打开 310-PV-025B 控制 310-V01 压力约 0.15MPa

[I]– Open 310-PV-025B manually to maintain the pressure of 310-V01 at
about 0.15MPa.
[I]– 调整 310-PIC-025 控制 310-V01 压力约 0.15MPa

[I]– Adjust 310-PIC-025 to keep pressure of 310-V01 at about 0.15MPa.
(I)– 确认 310-PIC-025： 0.15MPa

(I)– Confirm 310-PIC-025 is 0.15MPa.
B6.5 建立胺液冷循环
Establishing cold circulation for amine solution
(P)– 确认 310-S01 的储量、浓度已达到开工需求量

(I)– Confirm that S01 storage volume and concentration already meet the
demand for startup.
[P]– 打开 310-S01 贫胺液出口阀

[P]– Open 310-S01 lean amine outlet valve.
[P]– 缓慢打开 310-P07A/B 入口阀灌泵

[P]– Slowly open the 310-P07A/B suction valves to fill pumps.
[P]– 启动 310-P07AB
[P]– Start 310-P07AB.
[P]– 缓慢打开 310-P07A/B 出口阀通过 310-ME04 到 310-V03

[P]– Slowly open the 310-P07A/B discharges valve, and pump lean amine
to 310-V03 via 310-ME04.
(P)– 确认 310-V03 的液位达到 70%

(P)– Confirm 310-V03 level reaches 70%.
B6.6 310-E03、E04 引循环水

Introducing cooling water to 310-E03 and E04
(P)– 确认循环水已引入胺处理装置
(P) – Confirm that cooling water already introduced into amine treating
unit.
[P]– 打开 310-E03 循环水出口线放空阀

[P]– Open the vent valve on 310-E03 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E03 循环水入口阀

[P]– Open the valve on 310-E03 cooling water supply line.
(P)– 确认 310-E03 循环水出口线放空阀出水

(P)– Confirm water is observed at the vent nozzle of 310-E03 cooling
water return line.
[P]– 关闭 310-E03 循环水出口线放空阀

[P]– Close the vent valve on 310-E03 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E03 循环水出口阀

[P]– Open the valve on 310-E03 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 循环水出口线放空阀

[P]– Open the vent valve on the 310-E04 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 循环水入口阀

[P]– Open the valve on 310-E04 cooling water supply line.
(P)– 确认 310-E04 循环水出口线放空阀出水

(P)– Confirm water is observed at the vent nozzle of 310-E04 cooling
water return line.
[P]– 关闭 310-E04 循环水出口线放空阀
[P]– Close the vent valve on the 310-E04 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 循环水出口阀

[P]– Open the outlet valve on 310-E04 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫胺液出口阀

[P]– Open the lean amine outlet valve of 310-V03.
[P]– 缓慢打开 310-P04A/B/C 入口阀灌泵

[P]– Slowly open 310-P04A/B/C suction valves to fill pump.
[P]– 启动 310-P04A/B/C
[P]– Start 310-P04A/B/C.
[P]– 缓慢打开 310-P04A/B/C 出口阀通过 310-E04 到 310-C02，

并控制 310-V03 液位稳定在 50%左右
[P]– Open 310-P04A/B/C discharge valves to pump lean amine to
310-C02 via 310-E04, while maintain 310-V03 level at about 50%.
(P)– 确认 310-C02 的液位达到 50%

(P)– Confirm 310-C02 level reaches 50%.
[P]– 打开 310-LIC-012 前后手阀，关闭副线阀

[P] – Open the front and behind valves of 310-LIC-012, while close the
bypass valve.
[I]– 通过调整 310-LIC-012 将贫液送至 310-V01，310-C02 液位稳

定在 50%
[I] – Supply lean amine to 310-V01 by adjusting 310-LIC-012, and keep
310-C02 level at 50%.
(I)– 确认 310-LIC-012 在 50％

(I)– Confirm 310-LIC-012 is 50%.
[P]– 打开 310-E01 顶部贫胺液放空阀

[P]– Open the lean amine vent valve at the top of E01.
(P)– 确认放空气体排尽
(P)– Confirm that gas vents completely.
[P]– 关闭 310-E01 顶部贫胺液放空阀

[P]– Close the lean amine vent valve at the top of 310-E01.
[I]– 投用 310-PIC-025 稳定在 0.15MPa

[I]– Put 310-PIC-025 in service and maintain the pressure at 0.15MPa.
(I)– 确认 310-LIC-008 在 50％
(I)– Confirm that 310-LIC-008 maintains at 50%.
[P]– 启动 310-P01A/B/C
[P]– Start 310-P01A/B/C.
[P]– 打开 310-P01A/B/C 出口阀,向 310-C01 送胺液

[P]– Open 310-P01A/B/C discharge valves to supply amine solution to
310-C01.
[I]– 310-PIC-063 投手动，控制 310-PIC-063 在 60-80Kpa

[I]– Put 310-PIC-063 in manual mode and maintain pressure within
60-80Kpa.
[P]– 打开 310-PV-063A 调节阀前后手阀打通酸性气放火炬阀流程

[P]– Open the front and behind valves of 310-PV-063A to unblock sour
gas flow to flare flow .
(I)– 确认 310-LIC-026：60％
(I)– Confirm 310-LIC-026 is 60%.
[P]– 启动 310-P02A/B,送胺液至 310-V03[P]-Start 310-P02A/B to

supply amine solution to 310-V03.
[I]– 手动打开 310-LIC-026
[I]– Open310– LIC-026 manually.
[I]– 调整 310-LIC-026 的液位在 60％-70％

[I]– Adjust the level 310-LIC-026 to maintain it within 60%-70%.
[I]– 310-LIC-026 投自动，SP 值＝60％

[I]– Put 310-LIC-026 in automatic mode with SP value of 60%.
[I]– 确认系统运转平稳，310-C01、310-C02、310-V01、310-V03
液位稳定在 60％-70％
[I]– Confirm that the system operating normally with the level of 310-C01,
310-C02, 310-V01 and 310-V03 maintaining at 60%-70%.
(P)– 停 310-P07A/B 中断 310-S01 向系统送液

(P)– Stop 310-P07A/B to interrupt 310-S01 supplying liquid to the system.
注意：
Cautions:
1、向 310-C01、C02 引贫胺液时一定缓慢打开 310-P01、P04 出

口阀，防止因引液速度过快导致瞬间压力过高；
The 310-P01 and P04 discharge valves must be opened slowly when
lean amine is introduced to 310-C01 and C02 so as to prevent instant
high pressure caused by excessive speed of liquid introducing.
2、引贫胺液时注意监视 310-P01、P04、P07 电流,防止负荷过大

电流过高。
The current of 310-P01, P04 and P07 should be monitored during the
lean amine introducing process in order to prevent overload and over
current.
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
再生系统冷循环正常
Cold circulation in regeneration system is normal
确认
Confirm
(M)– 系统冷循环，具备引蒸汽进行热胺循环的条件
(M)– System cold circulation already established and meets the
requirement for carrying out hot amine circulation by introducing
steam.
(I)– 310-C02 液位稳定 310-LIC-012： 50%～60％

(I)– Maintain 310-C02 level 310-LIC-012: 50%～60%.
(I)– 310-V01 液位稳定 310-LIC-008： 50%～60％

(I)– Maintain 310-V01 level 310-LIC-008: 50%～60%.
(I)– 310-C01 液位稳定 310-LIC-026： 50%～60％

(I)– Maintain 310-C01 level 310-LIC-026: 50%～60%.
(P)– 310-P01 运转正常

(P)– 310-P01 runs normally.
(P)– 310-P03 运转正常

(P)– 310-P04 运转正常

3.3.3 再生系统建立热胺循环
Establishing hot amine circulation for regeneration system
3.3.3.1 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽引入装置界区

Confirmation of 0.24MPa Steam introduced to battery limit.
(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽已引入

(P)– Confirm that 0.24MPa steam already introduced into unit.
[P]– 打开界区蒸汽排凝阀
[P]– Open the condensate drain valve in battery limit.
(P)– 确认排凝阀排净凝液
(P)– Confirm that condensate is drained completely from condensate drain valve.
[P]– 稍开排凝阀至微见汽
[P]– Slightly open the condensate drain valve to maintain a small amount of steam
observed.
3.3.3.2 再生塔升温
Increasing temperature of amine regenerator
[P]– 启动 310-EA01
[P]– Start 310-EA01.
[P]– 启动 310-EA02
[P]– Start310– EA02.
(P)– 确认凝结水系统可投用
(P)– Confirm that condensate system is ready to put in service.
[P]– 打开 310-E02AB 前排凝阀

[P]– Open the condensate drain valve in front of 310-E02AB.
(P)– 确认排凝阀见蒸汽
(P)– Confirm that steam is observed at condensate drain valve outlet.
[P]– 关闭 310-E02A/B 前排凝阀

[P]– Close the condensate drain valve in front of 310-E02A/B.
[P]– 稍开 310-FV-012A、B 前手阀

[P]– Slightly open valves in front of 310-FV-012A/B.
[P]– 打开 310-FV-012A、B 前排凝阀

[P]– Open the condensate drain valve in front of 310-FV-012A/B.
(P)– 确认排凝阀见蒸汽
(P)– Confirm that steam is observed at condensate drain valve outlet.
[P]– 关闭 310-FV-012A、B 前排凝阀

[P]– Close the condensate drain valve in front of 310-FV-012A/B.
[P]– 打开 310-FV-012A、B 后手阀

[P]– Open the valve behind the 310-FV-012A, B.
[I]– 手动打开 310-FV-012A、B

[I]– Manually open 310-FV-012A/B.
(M)– 确认 310-E02A、B 预热 30 分钟
(M)– Confirm 310-E02A/B already preheated for 30 minutes.
[P]– 逐步开大 310-FV-012A、B 前后手阀，

[P]– Open the front and behind valves of 310-FV-012A/B gradually.
[I]– 逐步调节 310-FV-012A、B 以 20℃/h 进行升温到约 120℃

[I]– Control 310-FV-012A, B to increase the temperature at rate of 20°C /h to about
120°C.
(I)– 确认 310-TI-026 温度以 20℃/h 的速度上升

(I) – Confirm temperature increasing rate 310-TI-026 is 20°C/h.
(P)– 确认各疏水器运行正常
(P) – Confirm all steam traps are running normally.
[I]– 310-PV-063A 手动调节以稳定 310-PIC-063 在 70～80Kpa

[I]– Manually adjust PV063A to maintain 310-PIC-063 within 70~80Kpa.
[P]– 视情况关闭或关小 310-C01、V02 充氮阀

[P]– Close or turn down 310-C01 and V02 nitrogen makeup valve (as the case may
be).
(I)– 确认 310-EA02 出口贫胺液的温度 310-TI-053 大于 40℃

(I) – Confirm that the temperature of the lean amine at the 310-EA02 outlet is
higher than 40°C.
[I]– 调整 310-TIC-053 控制 310-TI-053，确认 310-EA02 贫液出口温度稳

定在 35～42℃之间
[I]– Adjust 310-TIC-053 to control 310-TI-053, to confirm the lean amine
temperature at 310-EA02 outlet stabilizes within 35~42°C.
(I)– 确认 310-TI-026 温度达到 120℃

(I)– Confirm that the temperature of 310-TI-026 reaches 120°C.
[I]– 调整 310-FV-012A/B 控制 310-TI-026 稳定在 120～125℃之间

[I]– Adjust 310-FV-012A/B to control 310-TI-026 within 120~125°C.
[I]– 调整控制 310-TIC-003 约 113℃

[I]– Maintain 310-TIC-03 at about 113°C.
(I)– 确认酸性气空冷后温度 310-TI-030 温度达到 70℃

(I)– Confirm the sour gas temperature 310-TI-030 at the air cooler outlet reach
70°C.
[P]– 调整 310-TIC-052
[P]– Adjust 310-TIC-052.
[P]– 调节 310-E03 循环水阀的开度

[P]– Adjust the opening degree of E03 cooling water valve.
(I)– 确认温度 310-TI-052 稳定在 40～50℃之间

(I) – Confirm the temperature 310-TI-052 maintains within 40~50°C.
(I)– 确认 310-V02 液位达 50%

(I)– Confirm 310-V02 level reaches 50%.
[P]– 启动 310-P02AB 向再生塔打回流

[P]– Start 310-P02AB to reflux liquid to Regenerator
[I]– 调整 310-FIC-014 控制 310-V02 液位约 50%

[I]– Adjust 310-FIC-014 to maintain 310-V02 level at about 50%.
3.3.3.3 设备、管线热紧
Hot Tightening Of Equipment And Piping Flanges
[P]– 循环加热温度正常后，检查各加热件、紧固件的螺栓有无泄漏，并做
好记录
[P]– After circulating heating up to normal temperature, inspect whether there
exists leakage in each bolt of heated element and fastener, and then records
carefully.
[M]– 班长联系保运人员对泄露点进行紧固，对重沸器、换热器进行全面热
紧工作
[M]– Forman contacts maintenance personnel to fasten for the leakage point, and
conduct an overall hot tightening work on reboilers and heat exchangers.
稳定状态 S4
Steady state S4
再生系统热胺循环
Hot amine circulation in regeneration system
注意：
Cautions:
在热紧过程中，准备防护隔热物品
Prepare thermal prevention and insulation articles during
hot tightening procedure
确认
Confirm
(M)– 系统热胺循环，具备接受富胺条件
(M)– Hot amine circulation of regeneration system is qualified to receive rich amine.
(M)– 系统热胺循环，具备接受上游来酸气条件
(M)– Hot amine circulation of regeneration system is qualified to receive sour gas
from upstream.
(I)– 再生塔底部温度 310-TI-026： 120～125℃

(I)– Amine regenerator bottom temperature 310-TI-026:
(I)– 再生塔顶部压力 310-PI-055： 70～90KPa

(I)– amine regenerator top pressure 310-PI-055:
(I)– 贫胺液温度 310-TI-052： 45℃

(I)– Lean amine temperature 310-TI-052:
(I)– 再生塔液位 310-LIC-026： 50％

(I)– Amine regenerator level 310-LIC-026:
(I)– 310-C02 液位 50%

(I)– 310-C02 level is 50%.
(I)– 310-V01、V02 液位 50%

(I)– 310-V01 and V02 level are 50%.
(I)– 确认系统热胺循环，具备接受富胺条件
(I)– Confirm that hot amine circulation of regeneration system is qualified to
receive rich amine.
(I)– 确认系统热胺循环，具备接受酸气条件
(I)– Confirm that hot amine circulation of regeneration system is qualified to
receive sour gas.
(P)– 310-P01 运转正常

(P)– 310-P02 运转正常

(P)– 310-P03 运转正常

(P)– 310-P04 运转正常

(P)– 310-EA01 运转正常

(P)– 310-EA01 runs normally.
(P)– 310-EA02 运转正常

(P)– 310-EA02 runs normally.
3.3.4 再生系统与上游装置建立循环
Establishing Circulation between Regeneration System And Upstream Units
3.3.4.1 再生系统向上游相关装置送贫胺液
Regeneration System Supplying Lean Amine To Process Units
(P)– 确认接到各用胺装置的送胺通知
(P)– Confirm that request from each unit for supplying amine already received.
(P)– 确认贫胺管线排污阀关闭
(P)– Confirm that blowdown valves on lean amine pipelines closed.
(P)– 确认 310-V03 液位大于胺液标定量，否则启动 310-P07 由 310-S01

向 310-V03 补充贫液
(P)– Confirm that 310-V03 level is higher than the calibration range of amine,
otherwise start 310-P07 to pump lean amine solution to 310-V03 from
310-S01.
[P]– 缓慢打开界区送胺液阀
[P]– Slowly open the amine BL valves.
3.3.4.2 再生系统引入富胺液
Introducing rich amine to regeneration system
[P]– 打开富液界区阀
[P]– Open rich amine BL valves.
(P)– 确认上游来富液已到达
(P)– Confirm that rich amine from upstream already sent to unit.
(I)– 确认 310-LIC-008 稳定在 30％～50％

(I)– Confirm that 310-LIC-008 maintained at 30％~50％.
(I)– 确认 310-LIC-026 稳定在 50％～70％

(I)– Confirm that 310-LIC-026 maintains at 50％~70％.
[I]– 调整 310-PI-055 压力在 80KPa

[I]– Adjust pressure 310-PI-055 to 80KPa.
[I]– 调整重沸器蒸汽流量阀的开度
[I]– Adjust opening degree of the amine regenerator reboiler steam flow valve.
(I)– 确认 310-TI-026 稳定在 120～125℃之间

(I) – Confirm that the temperature 310-TI-026 maintains within 120~125°C.
(I)– 确认 310-PIC-063 稳定在 70～80Kpa 之间

(I) – Confirm that the pressure of 310-PIC-063 maintains within 70~80Kpa.
[P]– 关闭进 310-V02、C01 补氮阀

[P]– Close 310-V02 and C01 nitrogen makeup valve.
3.3.4.3 再生系统酸性气并入酸性气管网
Sour gas sent to network
(M)– 确认硫磺回收装置达到接受酸性气条件
(M)– confirm that sulphur recovery unit meets the requirement to receive sour gas.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 酸性气去硫磺回收装置阀 PV063B 前后手阀

[P]– open the front and back valves of 310-PV-063B.
[P]– 关闭 310-PV-063A 酸性气放火炬阀

[P]– Close sour gas flare vent control valve 310-PV-063A.
(I)– 原料进料正常
(I)– Feedstock feeding normally.
(I)– 贫液储罐 310-S01/S02 液位正常

(I)– The level of the amine make up tank (310-S01) and amine drain tank (310-S02)
is normal.
(I)– 闪蒸罐(310-V01)压力 0.1±0.2Mpa

(I)– The pressure of rich amine flash drum (310-V01) is 0.1±0.2Mpa.
(I)– 闪蒸罐(310-V01)液位 50%～70%

(I)– The pressure of rich amine flash drum (310-V01) is 50%~70% .
(I)– 再生塔塔顶温度 110～115℃

(I)– Amine regenerator overhead temperature within 110~115°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔底温度 120～125℃

(I)-Amine regenerator bottom temperature within 120~125°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔顶压力 0.07～0.09Mpa

(I)- Amine regenerator overhead pressure within 0.07~0.09Mpa.
(I)– 再生塔塔底压力 0.102～0.137Mpa

(I)– The bottom pressure of the Amine regenerator bottom pressure within
0.102~0.137Mpa.
(I)– 再生塔液位 50～70％

(I)– Amine regenerator level 50~70％.
(I)– 酸性气空冷器出口温度 55℃

(I)– Sour gas air cooler outlet temperature 55°C.
(I)– 塔顶冷却器出口温度 40℃

(I)– The outlet temperature of amine regenerator air cooler is 40°C.
(I)– 贫胺冷却器出口温度 55℃

(I)– The outlet temperature of lean amine air cooler is 55°C.
(I)– 回流罐压力 0.07～0.09MPa

(I)- Amine regenerator reflux drum pressure 0.07~0.09MPa.
(I)– 回流罐液位 30～60％

(I)– Amine regenerator reflux drum level 30~60％.
(I)– 重沸器蒸汽压力≯0.35Mpa
(I)– Amine regenerator reboiler pressure ≯0.35Mpa.
(I)– 重沸器蒸汽温度≯147℃
(I)– Amine regenerator reboiler temperature ≯147°C.
确认
Confirm
(M)– 确认胺处理装置运行正常
(M)– Confirm that amine treating unit runs normally.
(M)– 贫液质量: H2S≤0.01mol/mol MDEA

(M)– Quality of Lean Amine: H2S≤0.01mol/mol MDEA.
(M)– 再生塔系统各设备无泄漏
(M)– No leakage in all equipment of amine regenerator system.
(M)– 机泵运转正常
(M) – The pump operates normally.
(M)– 310-P01 运转正常

(M)– P01 runs normally.
(M)– 310-P02 运转正常

(M)– 310-P03 运转正常

(M)– 310-P04 运转正常

3.4 开工说明（C 级）
Startup Instructions (Grade C)
3.4.1 开工要求
Startup Requirements
1. 确认装置内做到工完、料尽、场地清。
Confirm that keep sound practices for housekeeping, which is to say, work finished,
materials cleaned up, work area cleared up.
2. 确认检修项目全部完成，符合工艺要求。
Confirm that all inspection and maintenance are completed, and meet process
requirements.
3. 对本岗位的阀门、管线、法兰、盲板、安全阀、压力表、液面计、仪表、
机泵、蒸汽伴热线、上下水管道进行全面检查，有问题及时解决。
Conduct overall inspection of valves, pipelines, flanges, blinds, pressure relief
valves, pressure gauges, interface gauges, instruments, pumps, steam tracing line
as well as water supply and drainage, and address the issues if any.
4. 确认盲板是否按照要求拆除或装好（包括停工检修盲板和气密时所加盲
板）。
Check if blinds are removed or installed in accordance with requirements (including
blinds for shutdown, maintenance and the added blinds during tightness).
5. 确认全部工艺阀门关闭。
Confirm that all process valves are closed.
6. 确认各换热器、冷却器试压时的存水放净。
Confirm that drain water completely after pressure test for each heat exchanger
and cooler.
7. 联系供风送氮气。
Contact to supply nitrogen.
8. 安全、通讯、消防器材齐全、完好、就位。
Safety, telecommunication and fire-fighting equipment are in sound condition and
in place.
9. 通知调度、储运、化验、仪表、动力、维修等单位，要求他们做好相应准
备工作。
Inform departments of scheduling, storage and transportation, Lab, instrument,
power as well as maintenance to make corresponding preparations.
10. 确认水、电、汽、风随时可进入装置。
Confirm that water, electricity, steam and air is ready to introduce into unit at any
time.
11. 确认可燃气体报警仪测试合格。
Confirm that the combustible and toxic gas detector is qualified in test.
12. 确认 H2S 气体报警仪测试合格。

Confirm that the H2S portable detector is qualified in test.
13. 确认装置平台和护栏完好。
Confirm platforms and guardrails are in good condition.
3.4.2 塔及容器的检查
Inspection of columns and vessels
1. 检查塔及容器的设计压力和温度、操作压力和温度以及设计处理能力是否
符合工艺要求。
Check if the design & operating pressure and temperature, and designed capacity
conforms to process requirement.
2. 检查塔及容器的铭牌是否完好。设计介质、材质、厚度、腐蚀裕度是否符
合设计要求。
Check nameplate of columns and vessels for perfection, with their contained fluid,
equipment materials, thickness as well as corrosion allowance being in conformity
with design requirement.
3. 检查塔及容器的开口方位、法兰等级及材质型式是否符合设计要求。
Check if the nozzle orientation of columns and vessels, rating and materials of
flange conform to design requirements.
4. 检查塔及容器的基础是否符合设计要求，地脚螺栓是否符合规范。
Check whether the foundation and anchor bolt of columns and vessels are in
conformity with design requirement.
5. 检查容器的内件是否符合设计要求。
Check the vessel internals for conformance with the design specification.
6. 检查塔盘开孔率、孔中心距、孔径是否符合设计要求，塔盘安装的水平度
要求不大于±2 mm，符合设计规范。
Verify that the tray open area, center distance and diameter of hole are in
conformity with design requirements, that mounted levelness of trays is less than
±2 mm as required.
7. 检查塔内溢流堰、降液管、集油箱、抽出层受液盘、液封盘是否干净，安
装是否符合规范，检查溢流堰高度、堰板水平度是否合乎要求。
Check regenerators for cleanliness of downflow weir, downcomer, oil collector, seal
pan in extract layer as well as the last seal pan. Check if installation of above
internals complies with specifications. Check height and levelness of downflow weir
conforming to the requirement.
8. 检查塔及容器内附件的螺栓是否符合要求，螺栓是否已上紧。
Verify that bolts of column and vessel internals conform to requirements and
already tightened.
9. 检查塔及容器的放空阀、安全阀是否已装好，是否符合要求，安全阀的铅
封是否完好。
Check that vent valves and pressure relief valves of the column and vessel are
mounted in accordance with requirements, and that car seal of the pressure relief
valve is in sound condition.
10. 检查塔及容器的测温热偶及测压设施是否齐全好用，现场压力表是否都经
检查。
Check if thermocouple for columns and vessels and pressure measuring
instrument are complete and easy to use, and all field pressure gauges already
inspected.
11. 检查与塔及容器相连的管线阀门是否灵活好用。
Check if valves on pipelines connected to column and vessel are free to move.
12. 检查塔及容器的平台是否符合设计要求，是否便于现场维修。
Check if platforms of column and vessel follow the design requirement and are
easy for on-site maintenance.
13. 检查保温层的规格、厚度、外包铅皮是否美观规范。
Check specification, thickness and outer lead packing of insulation layers, whether
or not, conform to regulations, featured by nice appearance.
14. 检查与塔及容器相连的工艺管线是否齐全，是否符合工艺需要。
Check process pipelines connected to the columns and vessels, whether or not,
meet process requirement.
15. 检查塔及容器的液面测量设施是否好用，玻璃液面计是否干净，是否便于
现场观察。
Verify that level meters of columns and vessels are in sound condition, whether the
interface glass gauges is clean and easy for observation.
3.4.3 换热器、冷却器、空气冷却器的检查
Inspection of Heat Exchangers, Coolers and Air Coolers
1. 检查铭牌上设计温度、温差、压力、流量、程数、换热面积、热负荷、流
体介质是否符合要求。
Check if the design temperature, temperature difference, pressure, flow, number of
passes, heat exchange area, duty and fluid medium indicated on nameplates are in
conformity with requirement.
2. 检查冷换设备的基础是否牢固，安装是否准确，其地脚螺栓是否一头上紧
另一头只作固定位置，留有热胀冷缩的余地。
Check if the foundation of heat exchange equipment is firm and installation is
correct with one end of the anchor bolt being fastened to the other for location
fixing, leaving room for thermal expansion and contraction.
3. 检查冷换设备的头盖垫片、螺栓是否正确安装上紧，材质是否符合要求。
Check if the head gasket and bolts of heat exchange equipment are tightly
fastened in a correct way, and materials comply with the requirement.
4. 检查冷换设备的进出口法兰与工艺管线的法兰是否对正，垫片安装是否正
确，螺栓是否上紧，所连的管线是否符合工艺要求。
Check if heater exchanger nozzle flange and pipeline flange are aligned, and
gasket installation is correct, bolts are tightened and connected pipelines comply to
the process requirement.
5. 检查冷换设备进出口管线上的温度计、压力表。热电偶是否配备齐全，是
否符合设计要求。
Inspect the thermometer (gauge) and pressure transmitter (gauge) on the inlet and
out pipelines of the heat exchange. Check whether thermocouple fully equipped
and in conformity with design requirement.
6. 检查空冷器翅片是否完好，变形的要及时修复，风机叶片安装是否正确，
风扇风叶角是否依据设计能够调整。
Check for the perfection of air cooler fins and repair the deformed if any;
check if the installation of fan blades is correct, and angle can be
adjusted according to design.
7. 检查风机与电机的安装是否对正，皮带联动是否适宜，螺栓是否上齐上紧。
Check for alignment of fans and motors installation; see if belt linkage is proper and
bolts are complete and fastened tight.
8. 检查风机、电机的转动方向是否符合设计要求，运转是否轻快自如。
Check if the rotating direction of fan motor is correct, and free to rotate..
9. 检查空冷器安全罩是否安装良好、牢固。
Check the safety guard of air coolers for proper installation and fastness.
10. 检查冷换设备保温施工是否达到设计要求，保温的厚度、材质是否符合要
求。
Check if constructions, thickness and materials of the heat exchange insulation
comply with the design requirement.
11. 检查冷换设备的接地线是否齐全符合规格。
Check ground wires of the heat exchange equipment for conformance with the
specification.
3.4.4 泵的检查
Inspection of Pumps
1. 检查铭牌上泵的压头、排量、设计及操作温度和压力等是否满足工艺要求。
Verify head, capacity, design and operating temperature and pressure of pumps
indicated on nameplates are up to the process requirement.
2. 检查泵的型号、材质、法兰及密封、轴承、泵的级数、润滑油和冷却系统
是否符合设计要求。
Verify if types, materials, flanges and seals, bearing and stage of pumps, as well as
lube oil and cooling systems are up to the process requirement.
3. 检查与泵相配的电机电压、电流、功率、转速是否符合设计要求，是否与
泵相匹配。
Verify if voltage, current, power and rotating speed of motors are up to the design
requirement and match with pumps.
4. 检查泵体、电机各连接螺栓及地脚螺栓是否上好。对轮对齐及螺栓上好后，
盘车是否轻快自如。
Verify if each connecting bolt and anchor bolt of pumps and motors is well fastened.
Check bearings after coupling alignment and bolts fastness complete.
5. 检查与泵连接的工艺管线是否配备齐全，法兰是否对正，螺栓是否按规范
上紧。
Check for the completeness of process pipeline connected to pumps, see if flanges
are aligned and bolt tightness is up to specifications.
6. 检查泵进出口压力表是否安装齐全，出口单向阀的方向是否准确。
Check whether the pressure gauge at the suction and discharge of pumps is
installed completely, and direction of the check valve at the discharge line is
correct.
7. 检查泵体机械密封是否良好。
Inspect whether the mechanical seal of pumps are in sound condition
8. 检查泵的运转方向是否正确。
Check whether pumps run in the correct direction
9. 检查各机泵的接地是否良好。
Check grounding of each pump is in sound condition.
3.4.5 试压要求及注意事项
Requirements and Cautions for Pressure Test
1) 试压前必须详细检查流程。
Fully inspect process before pressure test.
2) 试压过程要由专人负责，必须做好记录、试压结束后操作人员签名。
In addition to appointing persons to take responsibility by making records during
the pressure test, the operator’s signature is needed when the test is completed.
3) 泵入口装过滤网，以防把焊渣，铁锈等脏物扫入泵体。
Install screens at the suction of pumps to prevent dirt like welding slags and rust
being sucked into pumps.
4) 引蒸汽先放尽冷凝水，给汽要慢，以防水击，放空见汽后先贯通，再吹扫，
然后憋压试压，憋压速度要慢，防止设备超压。
Completely drain out condensate before introducing steam. Steam introducing
rate shall be slowly to prevent “water hammer”. When steam is observed at the
vent nozzle, ensure steam going thorough before purging procedure is carried out,
then begin pressure buildup with a slow rate to prevent equipment overpressure.
5) 冷却器，换热器扫线时，管壳程分别进行，– 程试压，另一程放空要打
开，以防由于水汽化而损坏设备。
In terms of heat exchanger, tube and shell pass should purge respectively with
one pass testing pressure while the vent valve on the another pass should be open
to prevent equipment damage caused by water vaporization.
6) 检查所有的放空是否畅通，若有堵塞应及时处理，放空处不要开得过大，
防止管线内大量蒸汽喷出伤人。
Check if all vent points are unblocked with prompt treatment for blocked ones.
Moreover, do not fully open vent valves to prevent against injuries caused by large
quantities of steam ejected from pipelines.
7) 没有热补偿的长管线不能用蒸汽吹扫。
The long pipelines without heat-compensation are not allowed to be purged with
steam.
8) 换热器线要过汽，控制阀、流量计走副线。
The bypass lines of the heat exchanger should purged with steam simultaneously,
the control valve and flowmeter should be isolated and purged from bypass lines.
9) 高压系统试压时，要检查好与低压系统联通的流程是否加好盲板，严防高
压串低压引起事故。
When testing high pressure (HP) system, check to confirm blind for absolutely
isolating HP system and LP system already correctly installed so as to prevent
accidents caused by the pressure breakthrough from HP into LP.
3.4.6 气密检查方法
Inspection Methods for Tightness
1. 检查气密点是否泄漏，用刷子刷肥皂水或洗耳球喷肥皂水于气密点上，观
察是否有鼓泡，若有，则说明该点是泄漏点，需标上记号，并及时联系处
理。
Applying or spraying soapy water on tightness points with brush or ear syringe to
see if there exist bubbles. If bubbles are observed, that means there is a leakage
point which should be marked for prompt repair by related personnel.
2. 对于小间隙气密点，可采用胶粘纸封住法兰，然后在胶粘纸上开一小孔，
再检查小孔处是否有漏气，若有，则说明该点是泄漏点，需标上记号，并
及时联系处理。
As for tightness points with small clearance, firstly, seal the flange with adhesive
papers, on which it makes a tiny hole to see whether there is leakage. If bubbles
are observed, that means there is a leakage point which should be marked for
prompt repair by related personnel.
3. 导淋、放空等气密点可将其放空短节插入肥皂水中进行检查。
Tightness points in drain and vent valves can be inspected by putting them into
soapy water.
3.4.7 气密试验的注意事项
Cautions for Tightness Test
1. 升压速度要缓慢，气密试验压力严格按要求的压力进行，不得超压。
In the tighteness test, the pressure shall be strictly rose in a slow manner according
to the pressure standard, and overpressure shall be prevented.
2. 发现漏点，应及时做好记号，操作人员自己能处理的应及时处理，不能处
理的应汇报技术组或联系保运人员处理。
The leakages shall be marked timely and addressed by operator promptly if the
problem is in his competence, otherwise report it to the technology group or contact
maintenance personnel to take measures.
3. 严密监视系统压力，防止设备超压，特别要防止高压窜低压。另外要密切
注意监视由于环境气温变化引起系统内气体膨胀而使设备超压。
Strictly monitor the system pressure to prevent overpressure, especially
breakthrough from HP into LP. In addition, closely monitor the overpressure
caused by the expansion of gases in the system due to ambient temperature
variation.
4. 三阀组隔离导淋打开，防止高压窜低压。
Open the drain valve between the two block valves to prevent pressure
breakthrough from HP into LP.
5. 气密试验应根据各部分操作压力的不同分区进行，各区之间如采用盲板隔
离，所用盲板应登记好。
The tightness test should be conducted by partitions according to different
operating pressure of each part. If each partition is separated by the blind, the used
blind should be registered.
6. 气密试验过程中，要统一指挥，各区域气密人员要相互联系，密切配合，
按规定进行，不能出现争抢气密用氮气(时间应错开)。
During the tightness test, personnel conducting tightness in each area should obey
uniform command with close cooperation and being in accordance with regulations,
thus avoiding scrambling for the nitrogen used in tightness(nitrogen using time
should be staggered).
7. 每一系统气密时，必须有两块以上压力表观察压力，压力表的精确度要求
为 0.4 级，量程为气密最高压力的 1.5～2 倍。
During tightness, every system shall have more than 2 pressure gauges with
accuracy grade of 0.4 and measuring range being 1.5~2 times the maximum
tightness pressure to monitor pressure.
4 停工规程
SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE
4.1 停工统筹图
Shutdown Network Diagram
CLIENT :NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED – KARACHI – PAKISTAN
共需7天
Total 7 days required
1天 1天 3天 1天 1天
1 days 1 days 3 days 1 days 1 days 交付检修
Delivery and
系统除臭、蒸塔加盲板 maintenance
System deodorization and 胺处理系统清 Install blinds
在上游负荷下降时，胺液系胺处理装置进行自胺处理装置进行自身 column steamout 洗钝化
统继续保持循环，低负荷时身循环，将胺液中
可向再生塔充氮气保压。循环，将胺液中的硫 ATU flushing
的硫化氢含量降低化氢含量降低后再停同步进行钝化、加 and inerting
Maintain amine system 后再停工。工。盲板相关准备工作
circulation when upstream Self-circulation in Self-circulation in Conduct relative
load decreased, Charge ATU to reduce H 2S ATU to reduce H2S preparative works
nitrogen to column to content in amine
maintain pressure when the content in amine like inserting and
solution before solution before blind installation
load is low. shutdown. shutdown. simultaneously
图4-1 停工统筹图
溶剂再生装置停
Figure 4-1 shutdown network diagram 工统筹图
Copyrights of this table are reserved by CC-7, any information contained herein, without prior written permit of CC-7, shall be neither copied or disclosed to
any third party in any form, nor applied completely or partially in any form for any other purposes than the intended project.
4.2 停工纲要（A 级）
Shutdown Outline (Grade A)
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
装置处于稳定生产状态
The unit is in stable production state
4.2.1 停工前的准备
Preparation Before Shutdown
4.2.1.1 停工的准备工作
Prerequisites
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
停工前的准备工作完毕
Prerequisites before shutdown is completed
4.2.2. 胺处理装置建立内部胺液循环降温
Establishing Internal Amine Solution Circulation in ATU for temperature
reduction
4.2.2.1 胺处理装置物料隔离
Fluid isolation in Amine Treating Unit
A2.1.1 切断贫胺液出料阀
Close lean amine outlet valve
A2.1.2 切断富胺液进料阀
Close lean amine feed valve
4.2.2.2 胺液循环系统降温
Temperature Reduction in Amine Solution System Circulation
A2.2.1 保持胺液正常热循环直至胺液中 H2S＜0.01mol/mol MDEA

Maintain amine solution hot circulation being normal till H2S＜0.01mol/mol
MDEA in amine solution.
A2.2.2 降低胺液温度至 35℃

Reduce amine solution temperature to 35°C
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
胺处理装置降温结束
Temperature reduction in amine treating unit is completed
4.2.3 胺处理装置退料
Materials Returning from Amine Treating Unit
4.2.3.1 再生塔系统气体置换
Gas Replacement of Amine Regenerator System
4.2.3.2 系统退胺
Amine Return
4.2.3.3 联合吹扫胺液线
Combined Purge for Amine Line
4.2.3.4 将系统各低点胺液排净
Drain Amine Solution at Low Points Completely
4.2.3.5 将冷却器的循环水排净
Drain Cooling Water in coolers completely
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
胺处理装置物料退净
Returning materials in amine treating unit completely
4.2.4. 再生系统水循环冲洗
Circulating Flushing with water in Regeneration System
4.2.4.1 回流罐注水冲洗
Injecting Water for Amine Regenerator Reflux Vessel Flushing
4.2.4.2 贫液储罐注水
Water Injection in Lean Amine Drum
4.2.4.3 再生系统建立水循环冲洗
Establishing Circulation for Regeneration System Water Flushing
4.2.5. 胺处理装置吹扫置换
Purge and Replacement in Amine Treating Unit
4.2.5.1 吹扫说明
Purge Instruction
4.2.5.2 再生系统蒸汽吹扫
Regeneration system steamout
4.2.5.3 废气罐（310-V04）、胺吸收塔（310-C02）、脱硫罐（310-V05）蒸汽吹扫

Steamout for Off Gas K.O. Drum (310-V04), amine absorber (310-C02),
Sweet Gas K.O. Drum (310-V05)
4.2.5.4 闪蒸罐蒸汽吹扫
Flash Drum Steamout
4.2.5.5 贫胺液储罐蒸汽吹扫
Steamout for Lean Amine Storage Tank
4.2.6. 胺处理装置界区隔离
Battery limit isolation of Amine Treating Unit
4.2.7. 打开人孔自然通风置换
Opening Manhole for Naturally Ventilation Replacement
4.2.8. 公用工程系统隔离
Utility System Isolation
4.2.9. 联系机泵断电
Contacting Persons in Charge of Pumps to Cut off Power
最终状态 FS
Final state （FS）
系统置换合格，盲板隔离，交付检修
System replacement is qualified with isolated blinds, and delivery for
maintenance
4.3 停工操作（B 级）
Shutdown Operation (Grade B)
状态确认
(I)– 原料进料正常
(I)– Feedstock feed normally.
(I)– 进料温度≮90℃
(I)– Feeding temperature is ≮90°C.
(I)– 进料压力 0.25～0.6MPa

(I)– Feeding temperature is 0.25~0.6MPa.
(I)– 贫胺液储罐 310-V03 液位正常

(I)– Level of the lean amine drum (310-V03)is normal.
(I)– 闪蒸罐(310-V01)压力 0.08MP

(I)– Pressure of rich amine flash drum (310-V01) is 0.08MP.
(I)– 闪蒸罐(310-V01)液位 50%～70%a

(I)– The pressure of rich amine flash drum (310-V01) is 50%~70% .
(I)– 再生塔塔顶温度 110–120℃

(I)– Overhead temperature of amine regenerator is within 110-120°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔底温度 120±10℃

(I)– Bottom temperature of amine regenerator is within 120±10°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔顶压力 0.10±0.03MPa

(I)– Overhead pressure of amine regenerator is within 0.10±0.03MPa.
(I)– 再生塔塔底压力 0.08～0.13MPa

(I)– Bottom pressure of amine regenerator is within 0.08~0.13MPa.
(I)– 再生塔液位 60–80％

(I)– Level of amine regenerator is 60-80％.
(I)– 空冷器出口温度 20–40℃

(I)– Outlet temperature of air cooler is 20-40°C.
(I)– 塔顶冷却器出口温度 20–40℃

(I)– Outlet temperature of amine regenerator air cooler is 20-40°C.
(I)– 贫胺冷却器出口温度 35–45℃

(I)– Outlet temperature of lean amine air cooler is 35-45°C.
(I)– 回流罐压力 0.06–0.09MPa

(I)– Pressure of amine regenerator reflux vessel is 0.06-0.09MPa.
(I)– 回流罐液位 30–60％

(I)– Level of amine regenerator reflux vessel is 30-60％.
(I)– 重沸器蒸汽压力≯0.36MPa
(I)– Pressure of amine regenerator reboiler is≯0.36Mpa.
(I)– Temperature of amine regenerator reboiler is ≯150°C.
(I)– 各机泵运行正常
(I) - All pumps operate normally.
(I)– 310-P01 运转正常

(I)– 310-P01 runs normally.
(I)– 310-P02 运转正常

(I)– 310-P03 运转正常

(I)– 310-P04 运转正常

(I)– 贫胺液质量:H2S≤0.01mol/mol MDEA

(I)– The quality of lean amine: H2S≤0.01mol/mol MDEA.
初始状态 S0
Initial state S0
装置处于稳定生产状态
The unit is in stable production state
4.3.1. 停工前的准备
4.3.1.1 停工前的准备工作(见 C 级说明)

Prerequisites (Refer to Grade C Description)
[M]– 联系调度确定准确的停工时间
[M] – Contact scheduler to obtain the accurate shutdown time.
(M)– 确认各岗位人员已经阅读、掌握停工方案
(M）- Confirm that personnel at all posts already read and learn the shutdown plan.
[M]– 通知仪表、电气、维修有关部门装置停车时间，要求其做好停工配合
工作
[M] – Inform unit shutdown time to the related departments including instrument,
electrical, maintenance and ask them to cooperate closely during shutdown
procedure.
[M]– 联系调度准备不合格产品的退料流程和储罐
[M]– Contact the scheduler to prepare the flow for materials return and storage tank
for off-spec.
[M]– 配合技术人员准备好盲板明细表
[M]– Cooperate with personnel to prepare the blind list.
[M]– 配合队伍按要求准备好所用盲板
[M]– Cooperate with the team to prepare blinds to be used as required.
[M]– 联系调度，保证停工期间蒸汽、氮气、生产水、除盐水的供给
[M]– Contact the scheduler to ensure supply of steam, nitrogen, plant water and
demi-water during shutdown duration.
(M)– 确认可燃气体报警仪设施完好
(M)– Confirm that combustible and toxic gas detectors are in sound condition.
(M)– 确认硫化氢 H2S 报警仪设施完好

(M)– Confirm that the H2S portable detector is in sound condition.
(P)– 确认消防设施消防水、灭火器、消防蒸汽带设施完好
(P)– Confirm that fire-fighting equipment such as firefighting water, fire extinguisher
and fire steam hose are in good condition.
(P)– 确认便携式 H2S 报警仪（2 个）

(P)– Confirm that portable H2S detectors are available (2 sets).
[P]– 准备好过滤式防毒面具 2 套，空气呼吸器 2 套

[P]– Prepare 2 sets of filter-type respirators and 2 sets of respirators.
(P)– 确认通讯设施电话、对讲机完备好用
(P)– Confirm that communication facilities such as telephone, interphone are
complete and in good conditions.
(P)– 确认停工所用工具准备齐全
(P)- Confirm that the tools required for shutdown are complete.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
停工前的准备工作完毕
Prerequisites before shutdown is completed
状态确认：
(M)– 蒸汽、氮气已排净冷凝水，准备好
(M)– Condensate in steam, nitrogen and condensate line is already drained out and
is ready in place.
(M)– 停工盲板准备完毕
(M)– Preparation for the shutdown blind is completed.
(M)– 各种报警仪设施完好
(M)– A variety of alarm detectors are in sound condition.
(M)– 各种消防设施完好
(M)– A variety of firefighting facilities are in sound condition.
(M)– 各种劳动保护准备齐全
(M)– A variety of personal protections are fully equipped.
(M)– 停工所用工具准备齐全
(M)– Tools required for shutdown are fully equipped.
4.3.2 胺处理装置内部建立胺液循环降温
Establishing Internal Amine Solution Circulation in ATU for temperature
reduction
4.3.2.1 胺处理装置物料隔离
Fluid isolation in Amine Treating Unit
B2.1.1 切断贫胺液出料阀
Close lean amine outlet valve
[M]– 联系调度停送贫胺液
[M]– Contact scheduler to stop delivery of lean amine.
[I]– 联系其上游各装置停送贫胺液
[I]– Contact persons in charge of the upstream units to stop the delivery
of lean amine.
(I)– 确认去上游各装置的贫胺液流量显示为零
(I)– Confirm lean amine flowrate to the rest units indicates “Zero”.
[P]– 关闭贫胺液去其余各装置阀
[P]– Close valves on the lean amine line to the rest units.
[P]– 稍开贫胺液闭路上的开停工循环阀
[P]– Slightly open the startup and shutdown valve on lean amine closed
circuit line..
(I)– 确认胺液循环量控制在 120–150t/h

(I)– Confirm that the circulation rate of amine solution is around
120–150t/h.
(I)– 确认闪蒸罐 310-V01 液位稳定

(I) – Confirm that the level of rich amine flash drum 310-V01 is stable.
B2.1.2 切断富胺液进料阀
Close lean amine feed valve
[I]– 联系其余装置将富胺液全部送入胺处理装置
[I]– Contact persons in charge of the rest units to supply all rich amine to
the amine treating unit.
(I)– 确认从其余装置来的富胺液流量显示为零
(I)– Confirm that the flow of rich amine to the rest units indicates “Zero”.
[P]– 开大胺处理装置胺液内部循环阀
[P]– Open wide the internal circulation valve of amine treating unit.
(I)– 确认胺液循环量 120–150t/h

(I)– Confirm that the circulation rate of amine solution is 120–150t/h.
[P]– 关闭其余装置来的富胺液阀
[P]– Close the rich amine valve from other units .

4.3.2.2 胺液循环系统降温
Temperature Reduction in Amine Solution System Circulation
胺液循环系统降温冷循环流程如下：
The flow of cold circulation in amine circulating system for temperature reduction is
presented as follows:
310-V03→310-P04→310-C02→310-V01→310-P01→310-E01(管/T)
↑ ↓
EA02 ←310-P03 ← 310-E01(壳/S) ←310-C01←310-
B2.2.1 保持胺液正常热循环直至胺液中 H2S＜0.01mol/mol MDEA
Maintain amine solution hot circulation being normal till H2S＜0.01mol/mol
MDEA.
[P]– 开大开停工循环线胺液内部循环阀
[P]– Open wide the internal circulation valve on shutdown line.
(I)– 确认 310-C01 循环量为 100t/h

(I)– Confirm that the 310-C01 circulation rate is 100t/h.
[I]– 控制 310-V02 液位在 10%

[I]– Control 310-V02 level at 10%.
[P]– 调整 310-V02 顶充 N2 阀
[P]– Adjust the nitrogen valve at the top of 310-V02.
(P)– 确认 310-V02 压力为 0.3±0.05MPa

(P)– Confirm that 310-V02 pressure is 0.3±0.05MPa.
(M)– 确认内部循环 4 小时
(M)– Confirm that the internal circulation runs for 4 hours.
[M]– 联系化验胺液中浓度 H2S

[M]– Contact Lab department to analyze H2S concentration in amine
solution.
(M)– 确认胺液贫富液中 H2S 浓度低于 0.01mol/mol MDEA

(M)– Confirm that H2S concentration in lean and rich amine is lower than
0.01mol/mol MDEA.
B2.2.2 降低胺液温度至 35℃

Reduce amine solution temperature to 35°C
[P]– 稍开 310-V01 顶充 N2 阀
[P]– Slightly open the nitrogen valve at the top of 310-V02.
(P)– 确认 310-V01 压力为 0.007–0.01MPa

(P)– Confirm that the pressure of 310-V01 is 0.007–0.01MPa.
[P]– 稍开 310-V02 出口去火炬线阀

[P]– Slightly open the valve at the 310-V02 flare vent outlet line.
[P]– 关闭回流罐 310-V02 酸性气去硫磺回收装置的阀

[P]– Close the valve on the sour gas to SRU line (from amine regenerator
reflux drum).
[I]– 调整进重沸器 310-E02A/B 蒸汽量

[I]– Adjust steam flowrate of amine regenerator reboiler 310-E02A/B.
(I)– 确认再生塔 310-C01 底部温度以 30℃/h 下降

(I)– Confirm that the bottom temperature 310-TI-005 of amine
regenerator 310-C01 decreases at a rate of 30°C/h.
(I)– 确认塔顶空冷器 310-EA01 温度降至 35℃

(I)– Confirm that the temperature of lean amine air cooler
310-EA01decreases to 35°C
[P]– 停运 310-EA01
[P]– Stop 310-EA01.
[P]– 关闭塔顶后冷器 310-E03 的循环水入口阀

[P]– Close the valve on the cooling water supply line of amine regenerator
trims condenser 310-E03.
[P]– 关闭塔顶后冷器 310-E03 的循环水出口阀

[P]– Close the valve on the cooling water return line of amine regenerator
trim condenser 310-E03.
(I)– 确认 310-C01 底部温度降至 35℃

(I)– Confirm that the bottom temperature of 310-C01 decreases to 35°C.
(I)– 确认贫液空冷器 310-EA02 温度降至 35℃

(I)– Confirm that the temperature of the lean amine air cooler 310-EA02
decreases to 35°C.
[P]– 停运 310-EA02
[P]– Stop 310-EA02.
[P]– 关闭贫液冷却器 310-E04 的循环水出口阀

[P]– Close the valve on the cooling water return line of lean amine cooler
310-E04.
[I]– 手动关闭 310-E02A/B 蒸汽调节阀 FV012AB

[I]– Manually close 310-E02A/B steam flow control valve 310-FV-012AB.
[P]– 关闭蒸汽调节阀 310-FV-012A/B 上、下游阀

[P]– Close the upstream and downstream valves of steam flow control
valve 310-FV-012A/B.
[P]– 打开回流泵 310-P02A/B 出口密排将 310-V02 排空

[P]– Open the closed drain valve on the discharge line of amine
regenerator reflux pumps 310-P02A/B to drain 310-V02 completely
[P]– 停运 310-P02
[P]– Shut down 310-P02.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
胺处理装置系统降温结束
Temperature reduction of amine treating unit is completed
状态确认
(I)– 再生塔塔顶温度≯35℃
(I)– Overhead temperature of the amine regenerator is≯35°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔底温度≯35℃
(I)– bottom temperature of the amine regenerator is≯35°C.
(I)– 再生塔塔顶压力 0.10±0.03MPa

(I)– Overhead pressure of the amine regenerator is within 0.10±0.03MPa.
(I)– 再生塔塔底压力 0.08～0.13MPa

(I)– Bottom pressure of the amine regenerator is within 0.08~0.13MPa.
(I)– 再生塔液位 60～80％

(I)- Level of the amine regenerator is 60~80％.
(I)– 空冷器出口温度≯35℃
(I)– Outlet temperature of air cooler is≯35°C..
(I)– 塔顶冷却器出口温度≯35℃
(I)– Outlet temperature of air cooler at the top of regenerator is≯35°C.
(I)– 贫胺冷却器出口温度≯35℃
(I)– Outlet temperature of lean amine air cooler is≯35°C.
(I)– 回流罐压力 0.06～0.09MPa

(I)– Pressure of amine regenerator reflux drum is 0.06~0.09MPa.
(P)– 回流罐无液位
(I)– There presents no level in the amine regenerator reflux drum.
(I)– 重沸器蒸汽压力≯0.36MPa
(I)– Pressure of the amine regenerator reboiler is≯0.36Mpa.
(I)– Temperature of the amine regenerator reboiler is≯150°C.
(P)– 下列机泵运转正常
(P) – Following pumps operate normally.
(P)– 310-P01
(P)– 310-P03
(P)– 310-P04
(P)– 下列机泵停运
(P) – Following pumps are shut down.
(P)– 310EA01 停运
(P) – 310-EA01 stop.
(P)– 310-EA02 停运
(P) – 310-EA02 stop.
(P)– 310-P02 停运
(P) – 310-P02 stop.
(M)– 产品质量合格
(M) – Products are qualified.
4.3.3. 胺处理装置退料
Materials Returning from Amine Treating Unit
4.3.3.1 再生塔气体置换
Nitrogen Replacement for Amine Regenerator
[P]– 打开回流罐 310-V02 酸气出口线上 N2 阀

[P]– Open the nitrogen valve on sour gas outlet line of amine regenerator reflux
drum 310-V02.
(P)– 确认 310-C01 顶压力 310-PI-003 在 0.09–0.11MPa

(P)– Confirm that the overhead pressure 310-PI-003 of C01 is within
0.09–0.11Mpa.
[P]– 关闭 310-V02 酸性气出口线上 N2 阀

[P]– Close the nitrogen valve on 310-V02 sour gas outlet line.
[P]– 快速打开 310-V02 去火炬线阀

[P]– Quickly open the valve on 310-V02 to flare line.
[P]– 重复以上快速置换操作三次
[P]– Repeat above replacements 3 times.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 顶 N2 阀
[P]– Open the nitrogen valve at the top of 310-V02.
(P)– 确认 310-V02 顶压力在 0.09～0.11MPa

(P)– Confirm that the 310-V02 top pressure is within 0.09–0.11Mpa.
4.3.3.2 系统退胺
Amine Return
[P]– 变通流程
[P]– Unblock process:
310-C02→310-V01→310-P01ABC→310-E01(管
/T)→310-C01→310-E01(壳/S)
→310-P03ABC→310-EA02→310-V03
(P)– 确认贫液罐 310-V03 压控正常投用保持微正压
(P)– Confirm that pressure control valve of lean amine drum 310-V03 is in normal
service with slight positive pressure.
[P]– 关闭 310-V03 贫液出口至 310-P04 的阀

[P]– Close the valve on the pipeline from V03 lean amine outlet nozzle to 310-P04.
(P)– 确认 310-P04 抽空
(P)– Confirm 310-P04 is vacuumed.
[P]– 停下 310-P04
[P]– Stop 310-P04.
[P]– 关闭 310-P04 出口阀

[P]– Close 310-P04 discharge valve.
(I)– 确认贫液储罐 310-V03 液位上升

(I)– Confirm that level of the lean amine drum 310-V03 increases.
(I)– 确认 310-C02 液位为 0

(I)– Confirm that 310-C02 level is at 0%.
(I)– 确认闪蒸罐 310-V01 液位为 0

(I) – Confirm that the level of rich amine flash drum310-V01 is 0%.
(P)– 确认 310-P01 抽空
[P]– 停下 310-P01
[P]– Stop P01.
[P]– 关闭 310-P01 出口阀

[P]– Close the 310-P01 discharge valve.
(I)– 确认再生塔 310-C01 液位为 0

(I)– Confirm that the level of amine regenerator 310-C01 is 0%.
(P)– 确认 310-P03 抽空
[P]– 停下 310-P03
[P]– Stop 310-P03.
[P]– 关闭 310-P03 出口阀

[P]– Close the 310-P03 discharge valve.
(I)– 确认贫液储罐 310-V03 液位液位上升

(I)– Confirm that level of lean amine drum 310-V03 increases.
<M>– 确认贫液储罐 310-V03 液位≤80%

<M>– Confirm that lean amine drum level 310-V03 is ≤80%.
4.3.3.3 联合吹扫胺液线
Combined Purge for Amine Line
(P)– 确认 310-C01 贫胺液至贫液储罐 310-V03 阀关

(P)– Confirm that the valve on the lean amine pipeline from 310-C01 to 310-V03 is
closed.
(P)– 确认富胺液入 310-C01 阀关

(P)– Confirm that the valve on the rich amine pipeline to310-C01 is closed.
(P)– 确认开停工内部循环阀打开
(P)– Confirm that all internal circulation valves for startup and shutdown are
opened.
[M]– 联系调度吹扫胺液线
[M]– Contact scheduler to purge amine line.
[M]– 联系上游装置吹扫富胺液线
[M]– Contact the person in charge of the upstream units to purge the rich amine
line.
[P]– 打开上游装置富胺液排凝阀
[P]– Open the drain valves on the rich amine pipelines of upstream units.
(P)– 确认上游装置富胺液线排凝阀见气
(P)– Confirm that gas appears from the drain valve on rich amine line of upstream
units.
[P]– 关闭界区上游装置富胺液阀
[P]– Close the rich amine valve of upstream units.
[M]– 联系上游装置吹扫贫胺液线
[M]– Contact the person in charge of the upstream unit to purge the lean amine line.
[P]– 打开上游装置贫胺液阀
[P]– Open the lean amine valve of upstream units.
(P)– 确认上游装置贫胺液线排凝阀见气
(P)– Confirm that gas appears from the drain valve on lean amine line of upstream
units.
[P]– 关闭界区上游装置贫胺液阀
[P]– Close the lean amine valve on the pipeline on the upstream of amine
regenerator battery limit.
4.3.3.4 将系统各低点胺液排净
Drain Amine Solution at Low Points Completely
(M)– 确认地下胺罐 310-V06 放空阀打开

(M)– Confirm that the amine drain drum 310-V06 vent valve is open.
[P]– 打开贫富液换热器 310-E01 壳程至胺液配制回收罐 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve on the pipeline from shell side of rich/lean amine exchanger
(310-E01) to amine drain drum (310-V06).
(M)– 确认 310-E01 壳程至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-E01 shell side is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-E01 壳程至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-E01 shell side to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开贫富液换热器 310-E01 管程至胺液配制回收罐 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve on the pipeline from tube side of rich/lean amine exchanger
(310-E01) to amine drain drum (310-V06).
(M)– 确认 310-E01 管程至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-E01 tube side is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-E01 管程至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-E01 tube side to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开重沸器 310-E02AB 壳程至胺液配制回收罐 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve from shell side of amine regenerator reboiler (310-E02A/B)
to amine drain drum(310-V06).
(M)– 确认 310-E02A/B 壳程至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-E02A/B shell side is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-E02A/B 壳程至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-E02A/B shell side to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开闪蒸罐 310-V01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open the drain valve from 310-V01 to 310-V06.
(M)– 确认 310-V01 至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-V01 is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-V01 to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开再生塔 310-C01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open amine regenerator 310-C01 to 310-V06 drain valve.
(M)– 确认 310-C01 至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-C01 is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-C01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-C01 to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open the drain valve from 310-C01 to 310-V06.
(M)– 确认 310-C01 至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-C01 is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-C01 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-C01 to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开贫液输送泵 310-P04A/B/C 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open the drain valves from amine circulation pumps 310-P04A/B/C to
310-V06.
(M)– 确认 310-P04A/B/C 至地漏排凝阀无液

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-P04ABC is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-P04A/B/C 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valves from 310-P04A/B/C to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开富液输送泵 310-P01A/B/C 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open the drain valves from rich amine pumps 310-P01A/B/C to V06.

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-P01A/B/C is drained out before drain valves.
[P]– 关闭 310-P01A/B/C 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valves from 310-P01A/B/C to 310-V06.
[P]– 打开再生塔底泵 310-P03A/B/C 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Open the condensate drain valves on the pipeline from lean amine pumps
310-P03A/B/C to 310-V06.

(M)– Confirm that liquid in 310-P03A/B/C is drained out before drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-P03ABC 至 310-V06 排凝阀

[P]– Close the drain valve from 310-P03ABC to 310-V06.
(M)– 确认 310-V06 液位不涨

(M)– Confirm that 310-V06 level does not increase any more.
[P]– 关闭系统各低点胺液排凝阀
[P]– Close amine solution drain valves at each low point.
4.3.3.5 将各冷却器的循环水排净
Draining Cooling Water in Coolers
[P ]– 关闭 310-E03 循环水上水进口总阀
[P]– Close valve on 310-E03 cooling water supply line.
[P]– 关闭 310-E03 循环水回水出口总阀

[P]– Close valve on 310-E03 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E03 循环水出口线上排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve on 310-E03 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E03 循环水入口线上排凝阀

[P]– Open 310-E03 drain valve on 310-E03 cooling water supply line.
(M)– 确认 310-E03 循环水排净

(M)– Confirm that 310-E03 cooling water is drained completely.
[P]– 关闭 310-E04 循环水出口总阀

[P]– Close valve on 310-E04 cooling water return line.
[P]– 关闭 310-E04 循环水入口总阀
[P]– Close valve on 310-E04 cooling water supply line.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 循环水出口线上排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve on 310-E04 cooling water return line.
[P]– 打开 310-E04 循环水入口线上排凝阀

[P]– Open drain valve on 310-E04 cooling water supply line.
(M)– 确认 310-E04 循环水排净

(M)– Confirm that 310-E04 cooling water is drained completely.
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
胺处理装置物料退净
Returning materials in amine treating unit completely
状态确认
(M)– 再生系统胺液退净
(M)– Amine solution in regeneration system is empty.
(M)– 再生塔胺液退净
(M)– Amine solution in amine regenerator is empty.
(M)– 各换热器胺液退净
(M)– Amine solution in each heat exchanger is empty.
(M)– 胺液管线及排凝阀胺液排净
(M)– Amine solution in amine pipeline and drain valves is empty.
(M)– 界区内、外胺液线扫净
(M)– All amine solution pipelines inside and outside of battery limit are purged
clean.
(M)– 再生系统酸性水退净
(M)– Sour water in regeneration system is empty.
(M)– 310-V02 酸性水退净

(M)– Sour water in 310-V02 is empty.
(M)– 酸性水管线及排凝阀酸性水排净
(M)– Sour water in sour water pipeline and drain valves is empty.
(M)– 310-E03 换热器循环水退净

(M)– The cooling water in E03 is empty.
(M)– 310-E04 换热器循环水退净

(M)– The cooling water in E04 is empty.
4.3.4 再生系统水循环冲洗
Circulating Flushing with water in Regeneration System
4.3.4.1 回流罐注水冲洗
Injecting Water for Amine Regenerator Reflux Vessel Flushing
[P]– 打开 310-P02 入口脱离子水阀向 310-V02 注水

[P]– Open the valve at 310-P02 suction to inject demi-water to 310-V02.
(I)– 确认 310-V02 液位到 30％

(I)– Confirm that 310-V02 level reaches 30%.
[P]– 关闭 310-P02 入口除盐水阀

[P]– Close 310-P02 suction demineralized valve.
[P]– 启动 310-P02
[P]– Start 310-P02.
(I)– 确认 310-V02 液位为零

(I)– Confirm that 310-V02 liquid level is “Zero”.
[P]– 停下 310-P02
[P]– Stop 310-P02.
[P]– 重复上述注水送水三次
[P]– Repeat the above water injection procedure for three times.
[P]– 打开 310-P02 出口去 C01 回流阀向塔注水

[P]– Open the reflux valve from 310-P02 discharge to 310-C01 to inject water into
regenerator.
4.3.4.2 贫液储罐注水
Water Injection in Lean Amine Drum
[P]– 打开 310-C01 进、出料阀

[P]– Open 310-C01 feed inlet and outlet valves.
(M)– 确认塔顶回流系统备用
(M)– Confirm that the overhead reflux system is in standby status.
(M)– 确认胺液循环系统各阀门打开
(M)– Confirm that all valves of amine solution recycle system are open.
(M)– 确认塔底 N2 阀、0.24MPa 蒸汽阀关

(M)– Confirm that nitrogen valve of regenerator bottom and 0.24 MPa steam valve
are closed.
(M)– 确认各排凝阀关
(M)– Confirm that all drain valves are closed.
(M)– 确认 310-P04 入口阀开

(P)– Confirm that 310-P04 suction valves are open.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫液入口阀

[P]– Open310-V03 lean amine inlet valve.
(M)– 确认 310-V03 贫液出口阀关

(M)– Confirm that 310-V03 lean amine outlet valve is closed.
[P]– 打开 310-P04 入口除盐水阀向 310-V03 注水

[P]– Open 310-P04 suction valve to inject demi-water to 310-V03.
[P]– 打开 310-P01 入口除盐水阀向 310-V01 注水

[P]– 打开 310-P03 入口除盐水阀向 310-C01 注水

4.3.4.3 再生系统建立水循环冲洗
Establishing Circulation for Regeneration System Water Flushing
(I)– 确认 310-V03 液位达到 20%

[P]– 启动 310-P04
[P]– Start 310-P04.
[P]– 打开 310-C02 自 310-P04 来贫液阀

[P]– Open the 310-C02 lean amine inlet valve (from 310-P04).
(I)– 确认 310-C02 液位达 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-C02 level reaches 20%.
(I)– 手动调节 310-LIC-012 向 V01 注水

(I)– Manually adjust 310-LIC-012 to inject demi-water to 310-V01.
(I)– 确认 310-V01 液位达 20%

[P]– 启动 310-P01 向 310-C01 注水

[P]– Start 310-P01 to inject water to 310-C01.
(I)– 确认 310-C01 液位达 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-C01 level reaches 20%.
[P]– 启动 310-P03 向 310-V03 注水

[P]– Start P03 to inject demi-water to V03.
(I)– 确认 310-V03 液位稳定在 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-V03 liquid level is stabilized at 20%.

(I)– 确认 310-C02 液位稳定在 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-V02 level is stabilized at 20%.
(I)– 确认 310-V01 液位稳定在 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-V01 liquid level is stabilized at 20%.

(I)– 确认 310-C01 液位稳定在 20%

(I)– Confirm that 310-V01 level is stabilized at 20%.


[I]– 调节 310-C01 循环量

[I]– Adjust recycle rate of 310-C01.
(M)– 确认系统循环 4 小时
(M)– Confirm that the system runs circulation for 4 hours.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫液入口阀

[P]– Open310-V03 lean amine inlet valve.
(I)– 确认 310-V01 液位稳定在 0

(I)– Confirm that 310-V01 level is stabilized at “Zero”.
(I)– 确认 310-V02 液位稳定在 0

(I)– Confirm that 310-V02 level is stabilized at “Zero”.
(I)– 确认 310-C01 液位稳定在 0

(I)– Confirm that 310-C01 level is stabilized at “Zero”.
[P]– 关闭 310-V03 贫液入口阀接收系统冲洗液

[P]– Close 310-V03 lean amine inlet valve to receive system flushing liquid.
(M)– 确认贫液储罐 310-V03 液位液位≤80%

(M)– Confirm that level of lean amine drum 310-V03 ≤80%.
[P]– 停下 310-P04
[P]– Stop 310-P04.
[P]– 停下 310-P01
[P]– Stop 310-P01.
[P]– 停下 310-P03
[P]– Stop 310-P03.
[P]– 停下 310-P02
[P]– Stop 310-P02.
[P]– 重复上述注水建立内部水循环
[P]– Repeat the above water injection procedure to build internal water recycle.
(M)– 确认系统循环 4 小时
(M)– Confirm that the system runs circulation for 4 hours.
[P]– 将各低点排凝阀接胶带至地下胺液储罐
[P]– Connect each low point drain valves to amine drain drum by hose.
[P]– 打开现场各低点排凝阀
[P]– Open each low point drain valve.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 顶 N2 阀
[P]– Open the nitrogen valve at the top of 310-V02.
(M)– 确认 310-V02 顶压力控制在 80kPa 左右

(M)– Confirm that 310-V02 top pressure is controlled at around 80 kPa.
(M)– 确认系统内水排净
(M)– Confirm that water in system is drained completely.
[P]– 关闭 310-V02 顶 N2 阀
[P]– Close nitrogen valve at the top of 310-V02.
4.3.5 胺处理装置吹扫置换
Purge and Replacement in Amine Treating Unit
4.3.5.1 吹扫说明(见 C 级说明)

Purging Description (Refer to Grade C Description)
4.3.5.2 再生系统蒸汽吹扫
Regeneration system steamout
[P]– 变通流程:
[P]– Unblock process:
310-C01→310-EA01→310-E03→310-V02→310-
C01→310-EA01→310-E03→310-V02
[M]– 联系调度蒸塔蒸汽放火炬
[M]– Contact scheduler to steamout column and vent steam to flare.
[M]– 联系火炬蒸塔蒸汽放火炬
[M]– Contact flare system operator to steamout column and vent steam to flare .
[P]– 关闭 310-C01 进、出料阀

[P]– Close 310-C01 feed inlet and outlet valves.
[P]– 稍开 310-V02 放火炬阀 310-PV-063A

[P]– Slightly open 310-V02 flare venting valve 310-PV-063A.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 底部蒸汽阀

[P]– Open 310-C01 bottom steam valve.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 底部蒸汽阀

[P]– Open 310-V02 bottom steam valve.
(M)– 确认 310-C01 底部现场排污 H2S＜5 ppm

(M)– Confirm that H2S in 310-C01 bottom discharged waste water is less than
5ppm.
注意
Cautions
防 H2S 中毒
Prevent H2S poisoning.
[P]– 打开 310-V02 顶现场放空阀

[P]– Open 310-V02 top vent valve.
[P]– 打开 310-C01 顶部现场放空阀

[P]– Open 310-C01 top vent valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V02 放火炬阀 310-PV-063A

[P]– Close 310-V02 flare vent valve 310-PV-063A.
[P]– 关闭 310-PV-063A 前后手阀

[P]– Close 310-PV-063A front and behind valves.
[P]– 稍开 310-C01 底部现场排凝阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-C01 bottom drain valve.
[P]– 稍开 310-V02 底部蒸汽阀排凝阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-V02 bottom steam valve and drain valve.
(M)– 确认 310-C01 蒸塔已 48 小时

(M)– Confirm that 310-C01 is already steamed for 48 hours.
[P]– 停 310-C01 蒸塔蒸汽

[P]– Stop leading steam to 310-C01.
[P]– 停 310-V02 蒸器蒸汽

[P]– Stop leading steam to 310-V02.
[P]– 启动 P02
[P]– start up P02
(M)– 确认 310-V02 内无液

(M)– Confirm that no liquid in 310-V02.
[P]– 停 310-P02
[P]– Stop 310-P02.
4.3.5.3 废气罐（310-V04）、胺吸收塔（310-C02）、脱硫罐（310-V05）蒸汽吹扫

Steamout for Off Gas K.O. Drum (310-V04), amine absorber (310-C02),
Sweet Gas K.O. Drum (310-V05)
[M]– Contact scheduler to discharge steam from the column to the flare.
[P]– 关闭 310-V04 入口阀

(P)– Close 310-V04 inlet valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V05 出口阀

[P]– Close 310-V05 outlet valve.
[P]– 稍开 310-C02 安全阀副线阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-C02 PRV bypass valve.
[P]– 打开 310-C02 底部蒸汽阀

[P]– Open 310-C02 bottom steam valve.
(M)– 确认 310-C02 底部现场排污 H2S＜5 ppm

(M)– Confirm that H2S in 310-C02 bottom discharged waste water is less than
5ppm.
注意
Cautions
防 H2S 中毒
Prevent H2S poisoning
[P]– 稍开 310-C02 底部现场排凝阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-C02 bottom condensate drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-C02 安全阀副线阀

[P]– Close 310-C02 PRV bypass valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-C02 安全阀上下游阀

[P]– Close 310-C02 PRV upstream and downstream valves.
[P]– 打开 310-C02 顶现场放空阀

[P]– Open 310-C02 top vent valve.
(M)– 确认 310-C02 蒸器已 48 小时

(M)– Confirm that 310-C02 is already steamed for 48 hours.
[P]– 停 310-C02 蒸汽
[P]– Stop leading steam to 310-C02.
[P]– 将低点排凝阀接胶带至现场明沟排水
[P]– Connect each low point drain to trench drainage by hose to drain water.
(M)– 确认 310-C02 内无液

(M)– Confirm that no liquid in 310-C02.
4.3.5.4 闪蒸罐蒸汽吹扫
Flash Drum Steamout
[M]– Contact scheduler to discharge steam from the column to the flare.
[P]– 关闭 310-V01 进、出料阀

[P]– Close 310-V01 feed inlet and outlet valves.
[P]– 稍开 310-V01 安全阀副线阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-V01 PRV bypass valve.
[P]– 打开 310-V01 底部蒸汽阀

[P]– Open 310-V01 bottom steam valve.
(M)– 确认 310-V01 底部现场排污 H2S＜5 ppm

(M)– Confirm H2S in 310-V01 bottom discharged waste water is less than 5ppm.
注意
Cautions
防 H2S 中毒
[P]– 稍开 310-V01 底部现场排凝阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-V01 bottom drain valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V01 安全阀副线阀

[P]– Close 310-V01 PRV bypass valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V01 安全阀上下游阀

[P]– Close 310-V01 PRV upstream and downstream valves.
[P]– 关闭 310-PV-025A/B 上下游阀

[P]– Close 310-PV-025A/B upstream and downstream valves.
[P]– 关闭 310-PV-025A/B 副线阀

[P]– Close 310-PV-025A/B bypass valve.

(M)– 确认 310-V01 蒸器已 48 小时

(M)– Confirm that 310-V01 is already steamed for 48 hours.
[P]– 停 310-V01 蒸器蒸汽

(M)– 确认 310-V01 内无液

(M)– Confirm that no liquid exists in 310-V01.
4.3.5.5 贫液储罐蒸汽吹扫
Lean Amine Drum Steam Purging
[P]– 关闭 310-V03 贫液进口阀

[P]– Close 310-V03 lean amine inlet valve.
[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫液出口阀

[P]– Open 310-V03 lean amine outlet valve.
[P]– 关闭 310-V03 顶压控阀 310-PV-009A/B

[P]– Close V03 top pressure control valve310– PV-009A/B.
(M)– 确认 310-V03 的贫液入口阀关

(M)– Confirm that 310-V03 lean amine inlet valve is closed.
(M)– 确认 310-V03 贫液出口阀关

[P]– 打开 310-V03 贫液出口管上蒸汽阀
[P]– Open 310-V03 steam valve on lean amine outlet pipeline.
(M)– 确认 310-V03 底部现场排污 H2S＜5 ppm

(M)– Confirm that H2S concentration in 310-V03 bottom discharged waste water is
less than 5ppm.
注意
Cautions
防 H2S 中毒
[P]– 稍开 310-V03 底部现场排凝阀

[P]– Slightly open 310-V03 bottom drain valve.

(M)– 确认 310-V03 蒸器已 48 小时

(M)– Confirm that 310-V03 is already steamed for 48 hours.
[P]– 停 310-V03 蒸器蒸汽

(M)– 确认 310-V03 内无液

(M)– Confirm that no liquid exists in 310-V03.
4.3.6 再生系统界区隔离
Regeneration System Battery Limit Isolation
[M]– 联系保运人员酸性气线界区阀前加盲板
[M]– Contact maintenance team to add blind in front of battery limit valve of sour
gas line.
[M]– 联系保运人员火炬线界区阀前加盲板
[M]– Contact maintenance to add blind in front of battery limit valve of flare line.
[M]– 联系保运人员酸性气线放火炬快速切断阀前加盲板
[M]– Contact system operator to add blind in front of quick shutoff valve of sour gas
venting to flare line.
[M]– 联系保运人员其它上游装置贫胺液界区阀前加盲板
[M]– Contact maintenance team to add blind in front of battery limit valves of other
upstream units lean amine lines.
[M]– 联系保运人员柴油加氢贫胺液界区阀前加盲板
[M]– Contact maintenance team to add blind in front of DHT unit lean amine battery
limit valve.
[M]– 联系保运人员其它上游装置富胺液界区阀后加盲板
[M]– Contact maintenance team to add blind in front of battery limit valves of other
upstream units rich amine lines.
4.3.7 打开人孔自然通风置换
Opening Manhole for Naturally Ventilation Replacement
[M]– 联系保运人员打开 310-C01 人孔

[M]– Contact maintenance team to open 310-C01 manhole.
[M]– 联系保运人员打开 310-V01 人孔

[M]– Contact maintenance team to open 310-V01 manhole.


4.3.8 公用工程系统隔离
4.3.8.1 蒸汽、凝结水系统排净
Draining out Steam and Condensate System
[P]– 关闭再生 0.24MPa 蒸汽界区阀
[P]– Close 0.24MPa steam battery limit valve.
4.3.8.2 公用工程系统隔离
[P]– 打开各伴热排凝阀
[P]– Open steam tracing drain valves.
[P]– 关闭再生 N2 界区阀

[P]– Close nitrogen battery limit valve.
[P]– 关闭再生工厂空气界区阀
[P]– Close regeneration plant air battery limit valve.
[P]– 关闭再生仪表空气界区阀
[P]– Close regeneration instrument air battery limit valve.
4.3.9 联系机泵断电
Contacting Persons in Charge of Pumps to Cut off Power
[M]– 联系电工 310-P01ABC 断电

[M]– Contact electrician to cut off power of 310-P01ABC.

[M]– 联系电工 310-P02AB 断电

[M]– Contact electrician to cut off power of 310-P02AB.

[M]– 联系电工 310-EA01 断电

[M]– Contact electrician to cut off power of 310-EA01.
[M]– 联系电工 310-EA02 断电

[M]– Contact electrician to cut off power of 310-EA02.
最终状态 FS
Final state （FS）
系统置换合格，盲板隔离，交付检修
System replacement is qualified with isolated blinds, and delivery for
maintenance
状态确认
(M)– 开工前所制定的盲板表中所列盲板处于盲位
(M)– All blinds listed in the blind list (prepared before startup) are in blind position.
(M)– 确认下列电机断电
(M)– Confirm that power of the following motors is cut off.
(M)– 310-P01 ABC

(M)– 310-P03ABC
(M)– 310-P02ABC
(M)– 310-P04ABC
(M)– 310-EA01
(M)– 310-EA02
(M)– 确认以下设备人孔打开，气体分析化验合格
(M)– Confirm that manholes of following equipment are open and gas analysis are
acceptable.
(M)– 310-C01
(M)– 310-V01
(M)– 310-V02
(M)– 310-V03
4.4 停工说明（C 级）
Shutdown Instructions (Grade C)
4.4.1 停工前的准备
a. 停工前制定好盲板票、停工盲板图。
a)Prepare blind list and shutdown blind drawing before shutdown.
b. 停工前对盲板牌进行编号，并按盲板图指定的位置将盲板牌挂好。
Number all blind nameplates before shutdown and hang nameplates as the
designated position on blind drawing.
c. 停工前按实际所需盲板数量及规格准备好盲板。
Prepare blinds before shutdown according to actual quantity and specification
required.
d. 停工盲板表
Shutdown blind list
4.4.2 吹扫说明
Purge Instruction
a. 吹扫前，容器、管线内污水必须排净，防止水击
Before purging, the waste water in vessels and pipelines must be emptied in order
to prevent water hammer
b. 沿流程进行吹扫，各出汽点均需见汽
Purge according to process flow and steam should be observed at all steam
outlets.
c. 认真调整系统压力，严防塔、容器超压
Seriously adjust system pressure to prevent excess pressure in columns or
vessels.
d. 扫线时各支线应根据扫线走向由先到后逐条扫净，不留死角
All branch lines should be purged one by one according to move towards without
any blind angle left.
e. 扫线通过换热器时，一程通气，另一程一定要有泄压通路，防止换热器憋
坏
When purging heat exchanger, if one side (pass) is purging, another side (pass)
should be with pressure relief safeguard to prevent overpressure.
f. 凡通过换热器、冷却器的管线，副线扫通后，再逐个扫换热器、冷却器
As for all pipelines connected with heat exchanger and cooler, the heat exchanger
and cooler should be purged one by one after the bypass are purged.
g. 蒸汽吹扫的设备要自然冷却、通风，防止负压
The equipment purged with steam should be naturally cooled and ventilated to
prevent vacuum.
5 专用设备操作规程
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION
5.1 液下泵运行操作规程
Vertical Pump Operation Instruction
5.1.1 范围
Scope
本规程适用于长轴式液下泵的开停运行、切换、维护及故障分析与处理等
(310-P05)。
The instruction covers the startup, shutdown, running, switching, maintenance, fault
analysis and remedies for vertically suspended, line-shaft-driven sump pump
(310-P05).
5.1.2 准备工作
Preparation
1、检查泵体及出入口管线和附属管线上的阀门、法兰、活接头、压力表有无
泄漏。
Check whether there is leakage from the pump casing, inlet and outlet pipeline, the
valves on auxiliary pipeline, flange, union and pressure gauge.
2、检查地脚螺栓有无松动，联轴节是否接好，机泵轴中心线是否已找正好。
Check that whether the foundation bolts are tightened, couplings are connected
and the pump and driver shaft is properly aligned.
3、检查泵出口压力表等仪表是否安装良好，量程选择是否合适，压力表、电
流表、轴承箱油位否已用安全红线标记，核实压力表根部阀已打开。
Check that whether instruments such as discharge pressure gauge etc. are well
installed, the range are proper and the pressure gauge, amperemeter and oil level
of bearing housing are marked with red line, and confirm that the pressure gauge
root valve is open.
4、检查电机绝缘和接地良好。
Confirm that the motor insulation and ground connection are NORMAL.
5、轴承采用润滑油润滑的泵应按机泵滑润油“五定”表和三级过滤规定向轴承
油箱注入合格滑润油，加油前油箱必须用清洗干净，油位应处于油标的
1/2～2/3 之间；轴承采用润滑脂润滑的泵，应检查是否已注入适量的润滑
脂。
For pumps with oil lubrication, qualified lubricants shall be filled into bearing
housing in accordance with “five determinations” and three-stage filtering rules.
The oil reservoir shall be cleaned before filling, and the oil level should be 1/2 to 2/3
of oiler. For pumps lubricated by grease, make sure there’s proper grease in the
bearing.
6、盘车 2～3 圈，检查转子是否灵活、轻松，泵体内是否有不正常声音和金
属撞击声，盘车后将对轮罩复位。
Turn the pump shaft manually 2-3 rounds, be sure shaft rotates freely, check
whether there is abnormal noise and iron crash in the pump. Mount coupling guard
after barring-up.
7、若是新安装机泵或是检修后的机泵，必须联系电工，钳工到现场。
If the pump is newly installed or overhauled, electrician and bench worker must be
contacted to be on-site.
8、联系电工送电，对新安装泵或检修后的泵，应点动一下检查机泵旋转方向
是否正常，若反转，应立即停泵联系电工对电缆头接线“换相”。
Contact electrician to supply power. If the pump is newly installed or overhauled,
switch on the driver for a short time to check the direction of rotation. In case of
wrong direction, shut down the pump and contact electrician to “change the phase”
of teminal box.
9、液位控制泵启停逻辑试验合格。
The result of liquid level control logic test for pump startup and shutdown is
acceptable.
5.1.3 启动
Start:
1、手动启动 2、确认出口阀全关，入口罐液位高于 50%以上，将开关置“运行”

位置启动泵。
Manually start up2. Confirm that the discharge valves are closed, the liquid level of
inlet tank is higher than 50%. Switch the button to “start” position to start up the
pump.
2、确认泵运行无异常后，断流运转一般不能超过 1～2 分钟，然后慢慢打开

出口阀，直到规定的出口流量和压力为止。
Confirm that the pump is running normally. Pump running without liquid should be
not more than 1-2 minutes, and then slowly open discharge valve until it reaches
specified flowrate and pressure.
5.1.4 停车
Stop
1、手动停泵
Manually shut down the pump.
2、慢慢关闭泵出口阀，将开关转动至“停止”位置停泵。
Slowly close discharge valve, and switch the button to “shutdown” position to shut
down the pump.
3、紧急停车时，可先切断电源停泵，然后关闭出口阀。
For emergency shut down, cut off the power supply to shut down the pump and
then close discharge valve.
5.1.5 运行维护
Operating Maintenance
1、检查轴承温度
Check the bearing temperature.
滑动轴承温度不大于 65℃，滚动轴承温度不大于 70℃。

The temperature of sleeve bearing is not more than 65°C and the temperature of
rolling bearing is not more than 70°C.
2、检查振动
Check vibration
15KW 以下的转机≤1.8mm/s，300KW 以下的转机≤2.8mm/s，大型转机刚

性支承≤4.5mm/s，大型转机柔性支承≤7.1mm/s。以厂商操作手册为准。
For pumps less than 15KW, vibration ≤1.8mm/s,
for pumps less than 300KW, vibration≤2.8mm/s,
for large rigid rotor, vibration≤4.5mm/s
and for large flexible rotor, vibration≤7.1mm/s.
Subject to manufacturer operating manual in case of confliction.
3、润滑油（脂）的补充和更换
Supply and change of lube oil (grease)
经常检查轴承箱的油位，及时补充规定牌号的润滑油。电气经常检查电机
的润滑情况。对于用润滑油润滑的泵，按润滑油“五定”表规定加油，油面
保持至油标的 1/2～2/3 之间。每次加、换润滑油做好相应的记录。
Usually check the oil level of bearing housing and timely supply specified lube oil.
Electrician shall periodically check the motors grease. Lube oil should be filled in
accordance with lube oil “five determinations” to pumps lubricated by lube oil. The
oil level should be 1/2 to 2/3 of oiler. Make corresponding record each time to
supplying or changing lube oil.
对于用润滑脂润滑的机泵，按润滑油“五定”表规定加润滑脂。每次加、换
油脂做好相应的记录。
As for pumps lubricated by grease, lube grease should be filled in accordance with
“five determinations”. Make corresponding record each time supplying or changing
lube grease.
4、检查轴封运行状况
Inspect mechanical seal running conditions
机械密封泄漏不超过以下标准：轻质油 10 滴/分，重油 5 滴/分。填料密封

泄漏不超过以下标准：轻质油 20 滴/分，重油 10 滴/分。如密封泄漏超标，
则更换或修理轴封。
Mechanical seal leakage should be less than following standard: Light oil 10
drips/minute, heavy oil 5 drips /minute. Packing leakage should be less than
following standard: Light oil 20 drips/minute, heavy oil 10 drips /minute. If leakage
exceeds the standard, change or fix the bearing seal.
5、检查观察各种仪表
Check and inspect all instruments
检查泵出口压力是否正常，压力和电流指针有无晃针和变化情况，检查泵
上量情况，有无抽空情况，检查电流指示是否超过额定电流，并将检查出
的有关异常情况及时汇报班长或有关管理人员，以便及时处理。
Check that whether the discharge pressure is normal, check if there’s pointer
oscillation of pressure gauge and amperemeter. Check the inlet condition of pump,
check whether there is excessive amount of air or gas in liquid, and check whether
the current indicator exceeds the rated value. Report abnormal condition to
foreman or corresponding managers to timely solve the problem.
6、按规定做好各项记录。
Make record in accordance with regulations
5.1.6 液下泵故障处理
Vertical Pump Faults Handling
表5-1 常见故障表
Table 5-1 common faults list
现象影响因素处理方法
Phenomena Possible cause Handling method
检修电机或供电系统、清理转子部件、清理
电机或供电系统故障、转子部件中有异
或更换轴承、检查应满足的条件流量不足或
泵启动不起来物、轴承被卡住、起动条件不满足
不出水
Motor or power supply system fault,
Failure at start up
foreign matters stay in rotor assembly, Check motor or power supply system,
clean rotor assembly, clean or change
bearing is locked or startup
bearing, and check the requirements
requirements are not met.
should be satisfied such as insufficient or
no water supplied.
吸入侧或出口侧或叶轮有杂物堵塞、密清理滤网、叶轮、导叶体、排出管、阀系统;
封环磨损过多、叶轮损坏、转向不对、更换损坏的零件;校正转向;测量电压、频率、
流量不足或者不出水住宿过低、淹深不够，吸入空气检查电机;提高吸入水位。
Insufficient capacity suction/discharge line or impeller Clean the strainer, impeller, diffuser casing,
delivereddoes not deliver blocked, wearing ring surfaces worn, discharge pipe, valve system; change
liquid impeller damaged, wrong rotation damaged parts; change rotation direction;
direction, motor running too slow, check voltage, frequency and motor; raise
suction lift too high, air leaks into suction level.
suction line..
吸入水位过低、出口阀门开度过大、叶需要提高长轴泵吸入水位或关小出口闸阀、
长轴泵异常振动并且发出噪轮不平衡、轴偏心、地脚螺栓松动、轴叶轮校正静平衡、校正轴的同心度，较直轴、
承损坏拧紧地脚螺栓、更换轴承
音
Suction level too low., discharge valve Rise suction level of vertical pump, or turn
Long-axle pump vibrates
abnormally and makes noise. opening too large, impeller down the discharge valve, balance the
imbalanced, shaft misaligned, impeller, adjust the concentricity of the
foundation bolts loosen, or bearing shaft, align the shaft, tighten foundation
worn. bolts ,change the bearing.
6 通用设备操作规程
STANDARD EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION
6.1 离心开、停、切换操作及常见事故处理
Start, Stop, Switching Operation and Common Remedies for Centrifugal
Pump
6.1.1 离心泵明细
Details of Centrifugal Pumps
表6-1 离心泵明细表
Table 6-1table of details of centrifugal pumps
序号名称位号密封形式
S/N Description Tag No. Sealing form
富液泵机械密封 Mechanical seal
1 310-P01ABC
Rich amine pump
再生塔顶回流泵机械密封
2 310-P02AB
Regenerator overhead return pump Mechanical seal
再生塔底泵机械密封
3 310-P03ABC
Regenerator bottom pump Mechanical seal
贫液泵机械密封
4 310-P04ABC
Lean amine pump Mechanical seal
地下胺罐泵机械密封
5 310-P05AB
Underground amine tank pump Mechanical seal
贫液输送泵机械密封
6 310-P07AB
Lean amine delivery pump Mechanical seal
贫液输送泵机械密封
7 310-P08AB
Lean amine delivery pump Mechanical seal
6.1.2 离心泵的开机
Centrifugal Pump Start
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
离心泵停状态– 隔离– 机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪

Shutdown condition of the centrifugal pump is stopped–in isolated status, and machinist,
electrician, instrument worker and auxiliary system are all ready.
6.1.2.1 启动前检查
Inspection Before Start
A2.1.1 离心泵辅助系统投用
Running of auxiliary system for centrifugal pump
A2.1.2 离心泵灌泵
Priming for centrifugal pump
状态 S1
State S1
离心泵具备启动条件
The centrifugal pump is ready for startup.
6.1.2.2 启动离心泵
Start Centrifugal Pump
6.1.2.3 启动后的调整和确认
Adjustment and confirmation after start
最终状态 S2
Final State
离心泵运行正常
Centrifugal pump runs normally.
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
离心泵状态– 隔离– 机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就绪

Centrifugal pump condition is in isolated status, and machinist,
electrician, instrument worker and auxiliary system are all ready.
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态卡
Initial state card
6.1.2.4 启动前确认
Confirmation Before Start
(P)– 确认离心泵试运完毕。
(P)– Confirm that the centrifugal pump run-in is completed.
(P)– 确认防护罩完好。
(P)– Confirm that the coupling guard is in good status.
润滑油系统
Lube oil system
(P)– 确认润滑油分析合格。
(P)– Confirm that the lube oil analysis is acceptable.
(P)– 确认润滑油位在视镜 2/3 处。

(P)– Confirm that the lube oil level is at 2/3 of sight glass.
电动机
Motor
(P)– 确认电机单运正常，转向正确。
(P)– Confirm that the motor run-in is acceptable and rotation direction is right.
仪表电器系统
Instrument and electric system
(P)– 确认仪表调校合格。
(P)– Confirm that the instrument is debugged to meet requirements.
(P)– 确认电器调校合格。
(P)– Confirm that the electric is adjusted to meet requirements.
(P)– 确认自保联锁试验合格。
(P)– Confirm that the interlock system test is acceptable.
(P)– 确认自动阀和气缸阀灵活好用。
(P)– Confirm that the control valves and cylinder valves are ready for service.
工艺检查
Process inspection
(P)– 确认冷却水引至泵前。
(P)– Confirm that cooling water available.
(P)– 确认泵的出口和入口阀关闭。
(P)– Confirm that the suction and discharge valves of the pump are closed.
(P)– 确认泵接管法兰螺栓无松动，无缺损。
(P)– Confirm that the flange bolts for pump nozzles are tight and complete.
(P)– 确认电动机开关处于关或停止状态。
(P)– Confirm that the motor switch is in OFF or STOP.
(P)– 确认压力表安装好。
(P)– Confirm that the pressure gauge is properly installed.
(P)– 确认机，电，仪正常，具备开泵条件。
(P)– Confirm that the motor, electric, and instrument are normal and ready for
startup.
6.1.2.5 离心泵辅助系统投用
Running of auxiliary system for centrifugal pump
[M]– 联系检修单位人员现场保运。
[M]– Contact repairman for on-site maintain.
[P]– 轴承箱加相应标号的合格润滑油，至油位 1/2～2/3 处。

[P]– Fill in the bearing housing with qualified lube oil to 1/2～2/3 of the oiler level.
[P]– 泵盘车均匀灵活。
[P]– Make sure shaft rotates freely.
[P]– 关闭泵的排凝阀和放空阀。
[P]– Close condensate drain valve and vent valve.
[P]– 投用压力表。
[P]– Put the pressure gauge into service.
[P]– 打开冷却水给水阀和回水阀(轴承箱、填料箱、泵体)。
[P]– Open the cooling water supply/return valve (bearing housing, packing and
pump casing).
[P]– 投用密封冷却水。
[P]– Put sealing cooling water into service.
(P)– 确认各路冷却水畅通。
(P)– Confirm that cooling water lines are unblocked.
(P)– 确认投用密封冲洗，调整流量。
(P)– Confirm the seal flushing system is put in service and adjust flowrate.
6.1.2.6 离心泵灌泵
.Priming for centrifugal pump
[P]– 缓慢打开入口阀。
[P]– Slowly open the inlet valve.
[P]– 打开泵后管道放空阀/密排阀排气。
[P]– Vent pump and seal chamber.
(P)– 确认排气完毕。
(P)– Confirm that the gas is vented completely.
[P]– 关闭泵放空阀/密排阀。
[P]– Close the vent valve/seal vent drain.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
离心泵具备启动条件
The centrifugal pump is ready for startup.
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认润滑油系统正常。
(P)– Confirm that the lube oil system is running normally.
(P)– 确认电器仪表系统正常。
(P)– Confirm that the electric and instrument system is normal.
(P)– 确认排气完毕。
(P)– Confirm that the gas is vented completely.
(P)– 确认电机送电。
(P)– Confirm that motor is energized.
6.1.2.7 启动离心泵
Start Up Centrifugal Pump
[P]– 关闭泵的出口阀(或微开)。
[P]– Close (or slightly open) the discharge valve.
[P]– 启动电动机。
[P]– Start up the motor.
[P]– 如果出现下列情况立即停泵，联系检修至完好，重复上述操作。
（异常
泄漏、振动超标、异味、异常声响、火花、轴承温度超高或冒烟、电
流持续超高、流量低）
[P]– Stop pumping, contact for repairman until it turns to be sound and then
perform the above operations again in case of any one of the following
situations:(abnormal leakage, excessive vibration, abnormal smell, abnormal
noise, sparks, smoke or high temperature of bearing, continuous high current
and low flow).
(P)– 确认泵出口达到正常压力且稳定。
(P)– Confirm that the discharge pressure reaches the normal value and is stable.
[P]– 缓慢打开泵出口阀。
[P]– Slowly open discharge valve
(P)– 确认出口压力，电动机电流在正常范围内。
(P)–Confirm that both the discharge pressure and motor current are in normal range.
[P]– 通知相关岗位操作员启动完成。
[P]– Notify operators in relevant posts that startup is completed.
6.1.2.8 启动后的调整和确认
Adjustment and confirmation after start
(P)– 确认泵的振动正常。
(P)– Confirm that the pump vibration is NORMAL
(P)– 确认在运转期间，用便携式测温枪检查轴承箱温度是否正常。
(P)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing housing checked by portable
thermoprobe is normal.
(P)– 确认润滑油液面正常。
(P)– Confirm that the lube oil level is normal.
(P)– 确认无泄漏。
(P)– Confirm that there is no leakage.
(P)– 确认冷却水正常。
(P)– Confirm that cooling water is normal.
(P)– 确认电动机的电流正常。
(P)– Confirm that the motor current is normal.
(P)– 确认泵出口压力稳定。
(P)– Confirm that the pressure at the pump outlet is stable.
最终状态 S2
Final State
离心泵运行正常
Centrifugal pump runs normally.
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认泵的振动正常。
(P)–Confirm that the pump vibration is NORMAL
(P)– 确认用便携式测温枪检查轴承箱温度正常。
(P)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing housing checked by portable new
(P)– 确认机，电，仪正常。
(P)– Confirm that the motor, electric and instrument are NORMAL.
(P)– 确认压力表指示正常。
(P)– Confirm that the pressure indication is NORMAL.
6.1.3 离心泵的停机操作
Shutdown Operation of Centrifugal Pump
小心，微开出口阀的跨线阀。
Slightly open the bypass valve at outlet valve.
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
状态 S0
State S0
离心泵具备停 4 车条件
The centrifugal pump meets requirements for
stop.
6.1.3.1 离心泵停机操作
Stop Operation of Centrifugal Pump
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
离心泵处于停机状态
Centrifugal pump is in STOP state.
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态卡
Initial state card
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认泵振动正常。
(P)– Confirm that the pump vibration is NORMAL.
(P)– 确认用便携式测温枪检查轴承箱温度正常。
(P)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing housing checked by portable new
[M]– 生产指示或异常状态需要切除。
[M]– stop the pump in case of production instructions or emergency.
(P)– 确认泵在运转。
(P)– Confirm that pump is running.
状态 S0
State S0
离心泵具备停车条件
The centrifugal pump meets requirements for
Stop.
6.1.3.2 离心泵停机操作
Stop Operation of Centrifugal Pump
[P]– 关闭泵出口阀。
[P]– Close the discharge valve.
[P]– 停电动机。
[P]– Shut down the motor.
(P)– 确认泵停转。
(P)– Confirm that pump is not running.
[P]– 关闭泵出、入口阀。
[P]– Close the inlet and discharge valve.
[P]– 物料置换至火炬系统。
[P]– Replace liquid to flare system.
[P]– 打开排空或排凝阀，物料排净，保证安全与环境。
[P]– Open vent valve or condensate drain valve to completely, ensure safety and
environmental protection.
[P]– 停用密封冲洗。
[P]– Stop seal flushing.
[P]– 停用冷却水。
[P]– Stop cooling water.
[M]– 联系电工电动机停电。
[M]– Contact electricians to cut the motor power supply .
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
离心泵处于停机状态
Centrifugal pump is in STOP state.
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
(P)– 确认离心泵处于停状态。
(P)– Confirm that the centrifugal pump is in shutdown state.
(P)– 确认出入口阀门处于关状态。
(P)– Confirm that inlet valve is closed.
电动机
Motor
(P)– 确认电机处于停状态。
(P)– Confirm that the motor is in shutdown state.
仪表、电器系统
Instrument and electrical equipment system
(P)– 确认仪表、电器系统正常。
(P)– Confirm that the instrument and electric system is NORMAL.
6.1.4 离心泵的切换操作
Switching Operation of Centrifugal Pump
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用泵运行状态，备用泵处于备用状态
The in-service pump is in operating state and
the standby pump is in standby state.
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
6.1.4.1 切换前检查
Inspection before Switching
状态 S1
State S1
离心泵具备切换条件
Meet the requirements for switching of
centrifugal pumps
6.1.4.2 切换备用泵
Switch Standby Pumps
最终状态 S2
Final State
原离心泵处于停车状态，备用离心泵处于运
行状态，切换完毕
The original centrifugal pump is in shutdown
state and standby centrifugal pump is in running
state. Switching complete.
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用泵运行状态，备用泵处于备用状态
The in-service pump is in operating state and
the standby pump is in standby state.
初始状态卡
Initial state card
6.1.4.3 切换前确认
Confirmation before Switching
(P)– 确认备用泵入口阀全开。
(P)– Confirm that inlet valve of standby pump is fully open.
(P)– 确认备用泵出口阀关闭。
(P)– Confirm that the outlet valve of standby pump is closed.
(P)– 确认备用泵辅助系统投用正常(见离心泵开泵准备操作)。
(P)– Confirm that auxiliary system of standby pump is in service normally (refer to
preparation for startup of centrifugal pump).
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认备用泵准备正常。
(P)– Confirm that standby pump is normally prepared.
(P)– 确认在用泵运转。
(P)– Confirm that in-service pump is running.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
离心泵具备切换条件
Meet the requirements for switching of centrifugal
pumps
6.1.4.4 切换备用泵
Switch Standby Pumps
[P]– 执行开泵操作,将备用泵启动。
[P]– start standby pump.
(P)– 确认备用泵出口达到正常压力且稳定。
(P)– Confirm that the discharge pressure of standby pump reaches the normal
pressure and is stable.
[P]– 缓慢打开备用泵出口阀。
[P]- Slowly open the outlet valve of the standby pump.
[P]– 同时逐渐关小运转泵的出口阀(切换过程要密切配合，协调一致尽量减
小出口流量和压力的波动)。
[P]– At the same time gradually turn off the discharge valve of in-service pump (act
in close coordination in switch process and minimize fluctuation of flow and
pressure).
(P)– 确认原运转泵出口阀全关，原备用泵出口阀全开。
(P)– Confirm that outlet valve of original in-service pump is fully closed and outlet
valve of original standby pump is fully open.
[P]– 停原运转泵电动机(见离心泵的停泵操作)。
[P]– Shutdown the motor of the original in-service pump (refer to shutdown
operation of centrifugal pump).
(P)– 原备用泵出口压力，电动机电流在正常范围内。
(P)– The discharge pressure of original standby pump and motor current are in
normal range.
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
最终状态 S2
Final State
原离心泵处于停车状态，备用离心泵处于运行状态
The original centrifugal pump is in shutdown state and
standby centrifugal pump is in running state.
离心泵切换完毕
Switchover of centrifugal pump is completed.
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认原运转泵处于停状态。
(P)– Confirm that the original in-service pump is in shutdown state.
(P)– 确认原备用泵运转正常。
(P)– Confirm that original standby pump runs normally.
电动机
Motor
(P)– 确认原运转泵电机处于停状态。
(P)– Confirm that the original in-service pump motor is in shutdown state.
(P)– 确认原备用泵电机电流处于正常状态。
(P)– Confirm that the current of original standby pump motor is NORMAL.
(P)– 确认仪表、电器系统正常。
6.1.5 离心泵故障处理
Centrifugal Pump Faults Handling
表6-2 离心泵故障处理表
Table 6-2table of centrifugal pump faults handling
1.泵内有气体或吸入管线漏气；
1. 机泵出口压力表读数大幅
air leaks into suction line; 1.处理漏点，排净机泵内的气体；
度变化，电流表读数波动； 2.入口管线堵塞或阀门开度小； Deal with leakage points and vent the pump;
Pressure gauge and 2.开大入口阀或疏通管线；
Inlet pipeline is blocked or opening of
amperemeter indication is
valve is small; Increase opening of inlet valve or unblock
unstable;
3. 入口压头不够； pipeline;
2. 泵体及管线有异响、振动； 3. 提高入口压头；
Suction level too low;
There are abnormal noise
4.介质温度高，含水汽化； Raise suction level;
and vibration in the pump
The liquid temperature is high and 4. 适当降低介质的温度；
and pipeline;
vaporization occurs; Properly reduce the temperature of liquid.
3. 泵出口流量减小。
5.介质温度低，粘度过大； 5. 适当降低介质的粘度；
Insufficient capacity
delivered The liquid temperature is low and viscosity Properly reduce the viscosity of liquid.
４. 泵抽空
is high; 6. 联系检修。
6.叶轮堵塞。 Contact repairman.
The pump depletion
Impeller is blocked.
1.冷却水不足、中断或冷却水温度过高； 1. 加大冷却水或联系调度降低循环水的温度；
Lack of cooling water, cooling water being Supply more cooling water or contact
cut off or the temperature of cooling water dispatcher to decline the temperature of
is too high recycle water
轴承箱温度过高 2. 润滑油不足或过多； 2.加注润滑油或调整润滑油液位至 1/2～2/3；
The temperature of bearing fill in lube oil or adjust the liquid level of lube
Lube oil is insufficient or overmuch;
housing is too high
3. 轴承故障 oil to 1/2～2/3;
Bearing breakdown 3. 联系维修人员检修；
4. 润滑油油质不合格； Contact repairman;
Wrong lube oil quality; 4. 停泵更换润滑油。
Shut down the pump and change lube oil.
1.泵发生汽蚀 1.调整工艺条件；
Pump runs with cavitations Adjust process condition;
2.转子不平衡 2.转子重新找平衡
Rotors are unbalanced balance the rotors
3.轴承故障； 3.更换轴承；
Bearings damaged; Replace bearing;
振动增大； 4.泵与电机不对中； 4.泵与电机重新找正；
high Vibration ; pump and motor are misaligned; align pump and motor;
5.叶轮防松螺母松动 5. 联系维修人员检修；
Locknut of impeller is loosen Contact repairman;
6.泵内有杂物； 6.联系检修，清除杂物；
foreign matters in pump; Contact repairman to clean foreign staff.
7.机泵地脚螺栓松动。 7.紧固地脚螺栓；
Foundation bolts of pump are loosen. Tighten foundation bolts;
1.油箱缺油或无油；
1.轴承箱温度高或冒烟；
oil reservoir is lack of oil or has no oil;
Bearing housing 1.切换至备用泵，停运转泵；
2.润滑油质量不合格；
temperature is too high or Switch to standby pump and shut down
Wrong lube oil quality;
the bearing is smoking in-service pump
3.轴承质量差，
2.机泵噪音异常，振动剧烈。 2.联系维修人员检修；
The quality of bearing is poor,
Pump vibrates or cause too Contact repairman;
4.管道内有异物。
much noise.
There are foreign matters in pipeline;
密封处介质泄漏； 1.密封损坏； 1.切换至备用泵，停运转泵；
leakage The seal is broken; Switch to standby pump and shut down
2.泵长时间抽空； in-service pump
Running with too much air or gas in the 2. 联系维修人员检修。
pumped liquid for long time; Contact repairman.
3.检修安装质量差；
improper installation;
4.密封质量差。
Seal damaged.
1.介质凝固；
1. The medium is solidified;
2.长期不盘车而卡死；
2. shaft blocked because it is not operated
for a long time; 1.吹扫预热；
3.泵的部件损坏或卡住； 1. Purge for preheating;
盘不动车 3. The parts of pump are broken or 2.加强盘车（备用泵）；
shaft can not rotate blocked; 2. periodically turn the pump (standby pump);
4.轴弯曲严重； 3. 联系维修人员检修。
4. shaft bent; 3. Contact repairman.
5.填料泵填料压的过紧；
5. packing is pressed to tight;
6.配合间隙过小；
6. gap clearance is too small;
1.电机负荷过大
1.降低负荷
电流超额定值 1. motor load is too high
1. Reduce load
current exceeds rated 2.介质密度或粘度增大。
2.调整工艺条件
value 2. The liquid density or viscosity is
2. Adjust process condition
increasing;
1.电器设备故障；
1. motor failure; 启动备用泵，切除运转泵，联系检修；
泵停转
2.电机超负荷造成电流过大。 Start standby pump, remove in-service pump
pump stops running
2. Motor is overloaded, causing overlarge and contact repairman;
current.
1.泵叶轮流道磨损、腐蚀
出口压力下降，流量不足 impeller passage blocked or worn 启动备用泵，切除运转泵，联系检修
Differential pressure too low 2.叶轮口环间隙过大 Start standby pump, remove in-service pump
and pump flow too small Clearances between casing and impeller and contact repairman
wear ring is too large
6.2 安全阀的切除与投用操作
Operation of PRVs Off-line and On-line
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
安全阀正常投用，阀体外观完好，铅封完好，
安全阀达到校验周期规定的检验期限
The pressure relief valve put in service normally
with sound condition of appearance, car seal,
and reaches the inspection time limit specified
by check cycle.
6.2.1 安全阀切除
Off-line of Pressure Relief valves
6.2.2 安全阀泄压
Pressure Release of Pressure Relief valves
状态 S1
State S1
安全阀从系统切除，交付检修
The pressure relief valve is off-line and hand
over to maintenance.
6.2.3 安全阀拆卸
Removal of Pressure Relief Valves
状态 S2
State S2
安全阀检验完毕待回装
The pressure relief valve inspection is complete,
waiting for reinstallation.
6.2.4 安全阀回装
Reinstallation of Pressure Relief Valves
状态 S3
State S3
安全阀回装完毕
Pressure relief valves reinstallation is completed.
6.2.5 安全阀的投用
On-line of Pressure Relief Valves
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
安全阀正常投用
Pressure relief valves is in service normally.
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
安全阀正常投用，阀体外观完好，铅封完好，
安全阀未达到校验周期规定的检验期限。
The pressure relief valve is put in service normally
with sound condition of appearance and car seal,
and is within the inspection time limit specified by
check cycle.
初始状态卡
Initial state card
初始状态卡
Initial state card
6.2.6 安全阀切除
Off-line of Pressure Relief valves
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口管线及附属的阀门、法兰等静密封点无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that no leakage at seal points of PRV inlet pipeline, auxiliary valves
and flanges.
(P)– 确认安全阀外部情况，阀体表面应无砂眼、无裂纹、螺栓及零部件完
好
(P)– Confirm the appearance of pressure relief valves, such as surface of valve
should be no sand hole or cracking, and the bolts and parts should be in sound
condition.
(P)– 确认安全阀铅封应完好；对于波纹管式安全阀，确认泄出口是敞开的
和清洁的
(P)– Confirm that the pressure relief car seal is in sound condition. As for bellows
pressure relief valve, it should be confirmed that the relief outlet is open and
clean.
[P]– 打开安全阀入口阀铅封锁并缓慢关安全阀入口阀
[P]– Open inlet car seal of PRV and slowly close inlet valve of PRV.
(P)– 确认安全阀入口阀已经全部关死
(P)– Confirm that the inlet valve of PRV is fully closed.
[P]– 打开安全阀出口阀铅封锁并缓慢关安全阀出口阀直至全部关死
[P]– Open outlet car seal of pressure relief valve and slowly close outlet valve of
PRV until fully close.
(P)– 确认安全阀出口阀已经全部关死
(P)– Confirm that the outlet valve of prv is fully closed.
注意
Cautions
对于应用于高温高压、有毒有害介质上的安全阀，在拆卸安全阀前无法对
附属管道内工艺介质进行处理的，禁止拆卸并提交安全阀延期校验申请，
待大检修期间完成校验；已经起跳或者有泄漏必须进行校验的安全阀，装
置单独编制安全检修预案，报公司审批后执行。
As for the pressure relief valve applied to high temperature, high pressure or toxic
and harmful fluid, if the process fluid in auxiliary pipeline cannot be dealed, PRV
must not be removed and the extension request for PRV calibration should be
delivered, and calibration will be carried out during unit overhaul; if the valve must
be overhauled due to PRV already open or leakage, prepare an independent
safety overhaul plan and execute after it is approved by company.
6.2.7 安全阀泄压
Pressure Release of Pressure Relief valves
(P)– 确认安全阀出、入口阀门已经全部关闭
(P)– Confirm that the inlet and outlet valves of PRV are fully closed.
(P)– 确认先导式安全阀导阀前阀门已经全部关闭
(P)– Confirm that the inlet valve of pilot operated pressure relief valve is fully
closed.
(P)– 确认安全阀入口阀阀后导淋泄压口接管已连接至安全放空位置
(P)– Confirm that the drain valve on back of PRV inlet valve is already connected to
a safety vent position.
(P)– 确认安全阀入口阀阀后管线介质温度已降至安全排放温度
(P)– Confirm that the fluid temperature in the pipeline (between the inlet block valve
and PRV) is already reduced to a safely vent temperature.
[P]– 缓慢打开安全阀入口阀阀后导淋泄压
[P]– Slowly open the drain valve on the back of PRV inlet valve to release pressure.
(P)– 确认导淋排放完毕，保持全开状态
(P)– Confirm that the draining is completed and keep drain valve fully open.
状态 S1
State S1
安全阀从系统切除
Off-line pressure relief valve from system.
6.2.8 安全阀拆卸
Removal of Pressure Relief Valves
[M]– 联系保运准备好工机具
[M]– Contact maintenance team to prepare machines and tools.
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口管线泄压完毕，安全阀入口前导淋全开无介质
(P)– Confirm that the pressure release of PRV inlet and outlet line is completed and
the drain valve at front of PRV is fully open with completely draining.
(P)– 确认安全阀已进行有效的能量隔离并已完成上锁挂签
(P)– Confirm that the pressure relief valve has been effectively energy isolated and
locked with tag
(P)– 确认拆卸工作相关风险预控措施已落实
(P)– Confirm that relevant risk pre-control measure for removal is practicable.
(P)– 确认安全阀拆除作业单位已办理好设备/管线打开作业许可证
(P)– Confirm that the pressure relief valve removal operation team already got the
permit for opening equipment and pipeline.
(P)– 确认安全措施已落实到位，安全技术交底已完成，交付检修
(P)– Confirm that safety precautions is practicable, and safety technical clarification
is completed and hand over to
maintenance.
注意：
Cautions:
安全阀拆卸后，必须在安全阀出入口阀敞开部位加装符合压力级别的盲
板，上锁并挂禁动标识，对于安装单台安全阀的设备或管线，在安全阀校
验期间，必须有防止超压的操作卡
After the removal of pressure relief valve, same pressure grade blinds should be
installed at the open position of pressure relief valve inlet and outlet and the valve
should be locked and tagged out NO TOUCH sign. equipment or pipelines with
single pressure relief valve should have operation cards of preventing
overpressure during the overhauling period.
状态 S2
State S2
安全阀检验完毕待回装
The pressure relief valve inspection is complete,
waiting for reinstallation.
6.2.9 安全阀回装
Reinstallation of Pressure Relief Valves
(P)– 确认安全阀入口前导淋全开无介质
(P)– Confirm that the drain valve in front of PRV inlet is fully open without any fluid.
(P)– 确认安全阀出、入口管线打压盲板压力指示为零
(P)– Confirm that the pressure of the blind for pressurization at inlet and outlet
pipeline of PRV is zero.
[M]– 关闭安全阀入口前导淋阀
[M]– Close PRV inlet drain valve.
[M]– 联系保运准备好工机具
[M]– Contact maintenance team to prepare machines and tools.
(P)– 确认安全阀安装作业单位已办理好设备/管线打开作业许可证
(P)– Confirm that the pressure relief valve installation team got the permit for
opening equipment and pipeline.
(P)– 确认相关安全措施已落实到位，安全技术交底已完成
(P) – Confirm that safety precautions is practicable, technical clarification for safety
is completed.
(P)– 确认安全阀外观完好，对于波纹管式安全阀，确认泄出口是敞开的和
清洁的
(P)– Confirm that the appearance of pressure relief valve is in sound condition. As
for bellows-type pressure relief valve, it should be confirmed that the relief
outlet is open and clean.
(P)– 确认安全阀铅封完好并有定压合格的标识牌
(P)– Confirm that the pressure relief car seal is in sound condition and Rated
Pressure Qualified sign is tagged.
(P)– 确认安全阀安装位置
(P)– Confirm the installation position of pressure relief valve.
(P)– 联系保运拆除安全阀出、入口管线的打压盲板
(P)– Contact maintenance team to remove the pressurization blinds at inlet and
outlet pipelines of pressure relief valve.
(P)– 回装安全阀，确认整个安装过程中安全阀始终保持垂直状态
(P)– Reinstall pressure relief valve, ensure that the PRV maintains in vertical
position during installation.
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口螺栓得到完全紧固
(P)– Confirm that the inlet and outlet bolts of pressure relief valve are fully
tightened.
[P]– 解除能量隔离锁具，关闭安全阀入口阀阀后泄压导淋
[P]– Unblock the energy isolation locked open valves and close the PRV inlet drain
valve (between the inlet block valve and PRV).
注意
Cautions
对于因安全阀出入口阀门不严安装打压盲板的管线，在回装安全阀
之前，要通过泄压口将管线内压力泄放，泄放过程中参照 1.2
The pipeline which installed pressure blind due to the PRV inlet valve
leakage should be released the pressure through release outlet before the
pressure relief valve is reinstalled. The relief process refers to 1.2.
状态 S3
State S3
安全阀回装完毕
Pressure relief valves reinstallation is completed.
6.2.10 安全阀的投用
On-line of Pressure Relief Valves
清洁的
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口螺栓得到完全紧固
(P)– Confirm that the inlet and outlet bolts of pressure relief valve are fully
tightened.
(P)– 确认与安全阀连接的被保护设备工作压力正常
(P)– Confirm that the operating pressure of protected equipment connected to
pressure relief valve is normal.
[P]– 缓慢打开安全阀出口阀直至阀门处于全开状态
[P]– Slowly open PRV outlet valve until it is in fully open state.
(P)– 确认安全阀出口法兰无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that no leakage exists at pressure relief valve outlet flange.
[P]– 缓慢打开安全阀入口阀直至阀门处于全开状态
[P]– Slowly open pressure relief valve inlet valve until it is in fully open state.
(P)– 确认安全阀入口法兰无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that no leakage exists at pressure relief valve inlet flange.
[P]– 在安全阀出入口阀门加装铅封锁禁动
[P]– Install car seal at PRV inlet valve to prevent any operation.
注意
Cautions
对于先导式安全阀，如果其导阀的引压点不在安全阀入口，而是采取外接压力
源的，必须先投用导阀的外接压力源，确认之后再投用安全阀入口阀
If the pressure leading point of pilot operated pressure relief valve is not at inlet of
pressure relief valve but uses external pressure source, the external pressure source
should be put in service before the pressure relief valve inlet valve is put in service
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
最终状态 FS
Final State FS
安全阀正常投用
Pressure relief valves are in service normally.
确认
Confirm
清洁的
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口管线及附属的阀门、法兰等静密封点无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that no leakage at seal points of PRV inlet pipeline, auxiliary valves
and flanges.
(P)– 确认安全阀出入口阀门装好铅封锁
(P)– Confirm that car seal at PRV inlet valve is installed.
6.3 换热器的投用、切除及日常维护、常见故障处理
On-line, Off-line, Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Heat Exchanger
6.3.1 换热器设备投用
On-line of Heat Exchangers
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
换热器处于空气状态– 隔离
Heat exchanger is in air environment –
isolation
6.3.1.1 换热器拆盲板
Remove the blind of the heat exchanger
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器盲板拆除
6.3.1.2 换热器置换
Replacement of the heat exchanger
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器置换合格
6.3.1.3 换热器投用
Put Heat Exchangers into Service
A1.3.1 充冷介质
A1.3.1 Fill in cold fluid
A1.3.2 投用冷介质
A1.3.2 Put cold fluid into service
A1.3.3 充热介质
A1.3.3 Fill in hot fluid
A1.3.4 投用热介质
A1.3.4 Put hot fluid into service
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
换热器投用
Put Heat
Exchangers into Service
6.3.1.4 换热器投用后的检查和调整
Inspection and Adjustment after the Heat Exchanger is Put in Service
最终状态 S4
Final State S4
换热器正常运行
Cooler runs normally
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
换热器处于空气状态– 隔离
Heat exchanger is in air environment –
isolation
适用范围：
Applicable scope
有或无相变的换热器
Heat exchanger with or without phase-change
单台或一组换热器
A single or a set of heat exchanger (parallel or series)
流动介质：循环水、软化水、蒸汽、液体碳氢化合物、气体等
Flow fluid: Cooling water, softened water, steam, liquid hydrocarbons, gas, etc.
初始状态确认：
Confirmation of initial state:
(P)– 换热器检修验收合格
(P)– The inspection and acceptance of the heat exchanger are complete and
acceptable.
(P)– 换热器与工艺系统隔离
(P)– The heat exchanger is isolated from the process system.
(P)– 换热器密闭排凝线隔离
(P)– The closed drain line of the heat exchanger is isolated.
(P)– 换热器放火炬线隔离
(P)– The heat exchanger flare vent line is isolated.
(P)– 换热器放空阀和排凝阀的盲板或丝堵拆下，阀门打开
(P)– Remove the blind or plug of vent and drain valve ant then open the valve.
(P)– 换热器蒸汽线，N2 线隔离

(P)– The heat exchanger steam line, nitrogen line are isolated.
(P)– 压力表、温度计安装合格
(P)– The installation of pressure gauge and thermometer is qualified.
(P)– 换热器周围环境整洁
(P)– The surrounding of the heat exchanger is clean.
(P)– 消防设施完备
(P)– The fire-fighting equipment is fully equipped.
6.3.1.5 换热器拆盲板
(P)– 确认换热器放火炬阀，密闭排凝阀，冷介质入口、出口阀，热介质入
口、出口阀关闭；蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线手阀及其它与工艺系统连接阀
门关闭
(P)– Confirm following valves are closed: flare vent valve, closed drain valve, inlet
and outlet valves of the cold and hot fluid side, steam valve, nitrogen purging
replacement valve and valves connected with process system.
[P]– 拆换热器放火炬线盲板
[P]– Remove the blind on the flare vent line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆换热器密闭排凝线盲板
[P]– Remove the blind on closed drain line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆换热器冷介质入口、出口盲板
[P]– Remove blinds at the cold fluid inlet and outlet of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆换热器热介质入口、出口盲板
[P]– Remove blinds at the hot fluid inlet and outlet of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆吹扫、置换蒸汽、N2 线盲板

[P]– Remove the blind on purging, steam replacement and nitrogen line.
[P]– 拆其它与工艺系统连线盲板
[P]– Remove other blinds connected to process system.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器盲板拆除
状态确认：拆除换热器各盲板，将换热器连入系统。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Remove all blinds for heat exchanger and put
heat exchanger in service.
6.3.1.6 换热器 N2 置换
Nitrogen Replacement of Heat Exchanger
(P)– 确认换热器管、壳程高点放空阀，低点排凝阀打开
(P)– Confirm that the high point vent valve and the low point drain valve of heat
exchanger are open.
[P]– 缓慢打开壳程 N2 阀门
[P]– Slowly open shell side nitrogen valve.
(P)– 确认壳程放空阀和排凝阀见气
(P)– Confirm that nitrogen appears in the shell side vent and drain valves.
[P]– 缓慢打开管程 N2 阀门
[P]– Slowly open tube side nitrogen valve.
(P)– 确认管程放空阀和排凝阀见气
(P)– Confirm that nitrogen appears in the shell side vent and drain valves.
[P]– 采样分析换热器管、壳程
[P]– Sample and analyze gas composition of both tube and shell side.
(P)– 确认管、壳程置换合格
(P)– Confirm that both tube and shell side nitrogen replacement is qualified.
[P]– 关闭管、壳程放空阀
[P]– Close tube and shell side vent valves.
[P]– 关闭管、壳程氮气阀
[P]– Close tube and shell side nitrogen valves.
[P]– 关闭管、壳程放空阀和排凝阀
[P]– Close tube and shell side vent and drain valves.
提示卡
Cue Card
管壳程蒸汽置换时，防止超温、超压；防止烫伤
At tube and shell side steam replacement, prevent over
temperature and over pressure; prevent scald
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器置换合格
状态确认：换热器管、壳层氮气置换合格。
Tube and shell side nitrogen replacement is qualified.
6.3.1.7 换热器投用
Put Heat Exchangers into Service
<P>– 现场准备好随时可用的消防蒸汽带
<P>– Fire steam hose should be available at any time on site.
<P>– 投用有毒有害介质的换热器，佩戴好防护用具
<P>– Wear personnel protection when putting the heat exchanger with toxic and
harmful fluid in service.
6.3.1.8 充冷介质（见 C 级 1）
Filling in Cold Fluid (Refer to Grade C 1)
(P)– 确认换热器冷介质旁路阀开
(P)– Confirm that cold fluid bypass valve of the heat exchanger is open.
[P]– 稍开换热器冷介质出口阀。
[P]– Slightly open cold fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 稍开换热器放空阀（不允许外排的介质，稍开密闭放空阀）
[P]– Slightly open the vent valve of heat exchanger (Slightly open the closed vent
valve for fluid which is not allowed to be drained to atmosphere).
(P)– 确认换热器充满介质
(P)– Confirm that heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid.
[P]– 关闭放空阀（或密闭放空阀）
[P]– Close vent valve (or closed vent valve).
6.3.1.9 投用冷介质
Putting Cold Fluid into Service
[P]– 缓慢打开换热器冷介质出口阀
[P]– Slightly open the cold fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 缓慢打开换热器冷介质入口阀
[P]– Slightly open the cold fluid inlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 缓慢关闭换热器冷介质旁路阀
[P]– Slightly close cold fluid bypass valve of heat exchanger.
6.3.1.10 充热介质（见 C 级 3）
Filling Hot Fluid (Refer to Grade C 3)
(P)– 确认换热器热介质旁路阀开
(P)– Confirm that hot fluid bypass valve of the heat exchanger is open.
[P]– 稍开换热器热介质出口阀
[P]– Slightly open hot fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 稍开换热器放空阀（不允许外排的介质，稍开密闭放空阀）
[P]– Slightly open the vent valve of heat exchanger (Slightly open the closed vent
valve for fluid which is not allowed to be drained to atmosphere).
(P)– 确认换热器充满介质
(P)– Confirm that heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid.
[P]– 关闭放空阀（或密闭放空阀）
[P]– Close vent valve (or closed vent valve).
6.3.1.11 投用热介质
Put hot medium in service
[P]– 缓慢打开换热器热介质出口阀
[P]– Slightly open the hot fluid outlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 缓慢打开换热器热介质入口阀
[P]– Slightly open the hot fluid inlet valve of heat exchanger.
[P]– 缓慢关闭换热器热介质旁路阀
[P]– Slightly close hot fluid bypass valve of heat exchanger.
稳定状态 S3
Steady state S3
换热器投用
Put Heat
Exchangers into Service
状态确认：换热器内充满介质且无泄漏。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Heat exchanger is fully filled with fluid without
leakage.
6.3.1.12 换热器投用后的检查和调整
Inspection and Adjustment after the Heat Exchanger is Put in Service
(P)– 确认换热器无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that no leakage exists in heat exchanger.
[P]– 按要求进行热紧
[P]– Hot tightening according to the requirements.
[P]– 检查调整换热器冷介质入口和出口温度、压力、流量
[P]– Check and adjust the temperature, pressure and flowrate of cold fluid inlet and
outlet of heat exchanger.
[P]– 检查调整换热器热介质入口和出口温度、压力、流量
[P]– Check and adjust the temperature, pressure and flow of hot fluid inlet and
outlet of heat exchanger.
[P]– 换热器吹扫、置换蒸汽线加盲板
[P]– Install blinds at purging and steam replacement line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 换热器吹扫、置换 N2 线加盲板

[P]– Install blinds at purging and nitrogen replacement line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 密闭排凝线加盲板
[P]– Install blinds at closed drain line.
[P]– 放火炬线或密闭放空线加盲板
[P]– Install blinds at flare vent line or closed vent line.
[P]– 放空阀和排凝阀加盲板或丝堵
[P]– Install blinds or plugs to vent valve and drain valve.
(P)– 确认换热器运行正常
(P)─ Confirm that heat exchanger is running normally
[P]– 恢复保温
[P]– Reinstall insulation.
[P]– 恢复蒸汽圈、防雨罩等安全防护设施
[P]– Reinstall safety protection facilities such as steam ring and rain cover.
最终状态 S4
Steady state S4
状态确认：换热器管、壳层出入口温度、压力、流量正常。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: The inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and
flowrate of heat exchanger shell side are normal
最终状态确认：
Final state confirmation:
(P)– 换热器冷介质入口、出口温度、压力和流量正常
(P)– Inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flow of heat exchanger cold fluid
are normal.
(P)– 换热器热介质入口、出口温度、压力和流量正常
(P)– The inlet and outlet temperature, pressure and flowrate of hot fluid of heat
exchanger are normal.
(P)– 换热器密闭排凝线、密闭放空线加盲板
(P)– Install blinds on closed drain line and closed vent line of heat exchanger.
(P)– 换热器排凝放火炬线加盲板
(P)– Install blinds on drain line (to flare) of heat exchanger.
(P)– 换热器放空阀、排凝阀加盲板域丝堵
(P)– Install blinds or plugs to vent valve and drain valve of heat exchanger.
(P)– 换热器蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线加盲板

(P)– Install blinds on steam line and nitrogen purge and replacement line of heat
exchanger.
C 级解释
Explanation of Grade C
1）换热器拆除盲板后，用置换介质做一次法兰的气密试验。
1) Carry out a tightness test for the flange with the replacement fluid after the blind of
the heat exchanger is removed.
2）对于沸点低的介质，充介质过程中防止换热器冻凝。
2) Prevent freeze of heat exchanger when filling the fluid with low boiling point.
3）不允许外排的介质：
3) Fluid not allowed to be drained to atmosphere:
a) 有毒、有害的介质
a) Toxic and harmful fluid.
b) 温度高于自燃点的介质
b) Fluid with temperature higher than its self-ignition point.
c) 易燃、易爆的介质
c) Flammable and explosive fluid
6.3.2 换热器设备切除
Off-line of Heat Exchanger
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
6.3.2.1 换热器切除
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器切除
6.3.2.2 换热器备用
Standby heat exchanger
A2.2.1 换热器热备用
Heat exchanger hot standby
A2.2.2 换热器冷备用
Cold standby heat exchanger
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器备用
6.3.2.3 换热器交付检修
Delivery of heat exchanger to servicing
最终状态 S3
换热器交付检修
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
适用范围：
Applicable scope
有或无相变的换热器
Heat exchanger with or without phase-change
单台或一组换热器
A single or a set of heat exchanger
流动介质：循环水、软化水、蒸汽、液体碳氢化合物、气体等
Flow medium: Cooling water, softened water, steam, liquid hydrocarbons, gas, etc.
(P)– 换热器冷介质入口、出口阀开
(P)– Cold fluid inlet and outlet valves of heat exchanger are open.
(P)– 换热器热介质入口、出口阀开
(P)– Hot fluid inlet and outlet valves of heat exchanger are open.
(P)– 换热器密闭排凝线盲板隔离
(P)– Closed drain line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
(P)– 换热器放火炬线盲板隔离
(P)– Flare vent line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
(P)– 换热器放空阀、排凝阀盲板或丝堵隔离
(P)– Vent valve and drain valve of heat exchanger are isolated with blinds.
(P)– 换热器蒸汽、N2 吹扫置换线盲板隔离

(P)– Steam and nitrogen purge and replacement line of heat exchanger are
isolated with blinds.
6.3.2.4 换热器切除
[P]– 打开热介质旁路阀
[P]– Open hot fluid bypass valve.
[P]– 关闭热介质入口阀
[P]– Close hot fluid inlet valve.
[P]– 关闭热介质出口阀
[P]– Close hot fluid outlet valve.
[P]– 打开冷介质旁路阀
[P] – Open cold fluid bypass valve.
[P]– 关闭冷介质入口阀
[P]– Close cold fluid inlet valve.
[P]– 关闭冷介质出口阀
[P]– Close cold fluid outlet valve.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
换热器切除
状态确认：换热器与系统断开，管、壳层内充满介质。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Heat exchanger is isolated from system, tube
and shell sides are filled with fluid.
6.3.2.5 换热器备用
B2.5.1 热备用
Hot Standby
[P]– 打开冷介质出口阀
[P]– Open cold fluid outlet valve.
[P]– 稍开冷介质入口阀
[P]– Slightly open cold fluid inlet valve.
[P]– 打开热介质出口阀
[P]– Open hot fluid outlet valve.
[P]– 稍开热介质入口阀
[P]– Slightly open hot fluid inlet valve.
(P)– 确认换热器充满热介质
(P)– Confirm that the heat exchanger is filled with hot fluid.
(P)– 确认热介质无冻凝
(P)– Confirm that no freeze exists in hot fluid.
(P)– 确认换热器充满冷介质
(P)– Confirm that the heat exchanger is filled with cold fluid.
(P)– 确认冷介质无冻凝、无汽化
(P)– Confirm that no freeze or vaporization exist in cold fluid.
B2.5.2 冷备用
Cold Standby
[P]– 关闭热介质出口阀
[P]– Close hot fluid outlet valve.
[P]– 关闭热介质入口阀
[P]– Close hot fluid inlet valve.
[P]– 关闭冷介质出口阀
[P]– Close cold fluid outlet valve.
[P]– 关闭冷介质入口阀
[P]– Close cold fluid inlet valve.
[P]– 拆换热器密闭排凝阀线盲板
[P]– Remove the blind on closed drain line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆换热器放火炬线盲板
[P]– Remove the blind on the flare vent line of heat exchanger.
[P]– 拆换热器蒸汽线、N2 线盲板

[P]– Remove blinds on steam line and nitrogen line.
[P]– 拆换热器放空阀，排凝阀丝堵或盲板
[P]– Remove the plugs or blinds of vent and drain valve of heat
exchanger.
[P]– 吹扫蒸汽排凝
[P]– Drain out purging steam condensate.
[P]– 打开热介质密闭排凝阀或打开放火炬阀
[P]– Open closed drain valve or flare vent valve of hot fluid.
[P]– 打开热介质侧的蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P]– Open the steam or nitrogen valve on hot fluid side.
[P]– 打开冷介质密闭排凝阀或打开放火炬阀
[P]– Open closed drain valve or open flare vent valve of cold fluid.
[P]– 打开换热器冷介质侧的蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P]– Open steam or nitrogen valve on cold fluid side of heat exchanger.
(P)– 确认热介质侧吹扫，置换合格
(P)– Confirm that the purge and replacement hot fluid side are qualified.
[P]– 关闭热介质侧蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P]– Close steam or nitrogen valve on hot fluid side.
[P]– 打开热介质侧排凝阀和放空阀
[P]– Open drain and vent valve on hot fluid side.
(P)– 确认冷介质侧吹扫，置换合格
(P)– Confirm that the purge and replacement of cold fluid side are
qualified.
[P]– 关闭冷介质侧蒸汽或 N2 阀
[P]– Close the steam or nitrogen valve at cold fluid side.
[P]– 打开冷介质侧排凝阀和放空阀
[P]– Open the drain and vent valve on cold fluid side.
提示卡
Cue Card
换热器置换时，防止超温、超压；防止烫伤；
泄压时，应特别注意防冻凝，严禁有毒有害介
质随地排放
At heat exchanger replacement, prevent over
temperature and over pressure; prevent scald; at
the time of pressure relief, attention shall be paid to
anti-freezing, forbid the blowdown of toxic and
hazardous media.
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
换热器备用
状态确认：换热器热备用时，管、壳层内有少量介质流过；换热器冷备用时
管、壳层内没有介质，且氮气置换合格。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: When heat exchanger is hot standby, small
amount of fluid flows through tube and shell side; when heat exchanger is cold standby,
no fluid stays in tube and shell side and nitrogen replacement should be qualified.
6.3.2.6 换热器交付检修
[P]– 换热器与工艺系统盲板隔离
[P]– The heat exchanger is isolated from process system with blind.
[P]– 换热器密闭排凝线盲板隔离
[P]– Closed drain line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
[P]– 换热器放火炬线盲板隔离
[P]– Fare vent line of heat exchanger is isolated with blind.
[P]– 换热器吹扫蒸汽线，N2 线盲板板隔离

[P]– Steam purging line and nitrogen line of heat exchanger are isolated with
blinds.
(P)– 确认换热器排凝和放空阀打开
(P)– Confirm that drain and vent valve of heat exchanger are open.
(P)– 确认采样分析合格
(P)– Confirm that the gas sampling and analysis is qualified.
最终状态 S3
Final State S3
换热器交付检修
状态确认：换热器与系统被隔离开。
Status to be confirmed to extent that: Heat exchanger is isolated from the system
C 级解释
Explanation of Grade C
1. 温度是换热器运行中主要的控制操作指标，测定及检查换热器中各流体进
出口温度及变化，可以判断分析介质流量的大小及换热情况的好坏。换热
效率的好坏，主要取决于传热系数。传热效率下降最可能就是换热器结垢
引起传热系数下降，应对换热器进行清洗处理。
Temperature is an essential operating parameter for heat exchanger operation.
Fluid flowrate and heat exchange condition can be judged by measuring
temperature and change (temperature change).The heat exchange efficiency is
mainly depended on heat transfer coefficient. The reduction of heat exchange

efficiency is likely due to the reduction of heat transfer coefficient caused by fouling.
Therefore, heat exchanger should be cleaned.
2. 操作中应防止介质流量、温度、压力的急剧变化，超温超压都将引起换热
器泄漏。因此操作中应尽量做到平稳操作，平稳流量温度的变化。经常检
查调节冷却器的水出口温度，控制在 50℃以下，因为超过 50℃，微生物
的繁殖加速，引起管子腐蚀、穿孔，同时结垢就越严重。
During operating, rapid change of flowrate, temperature and pressure should be
avoided. Over temperature and overpressure may lead to heat exchange leakage.
Therefore, operation should be stable and flow and temperature adjusting should
be slow. Regularly check and adjust the cooling water temperature at outlet of
cooler and control the temperature lower than 50°C, because when the
temperature is higher than 50°C, the breed speed of microbial would accelerate,
causing corrosion and piercing of tube and increasing fouling as well.
3. 经常检查换热器的压力变化，特别是进出口压差，可判断换热器的结垢情
况、堵塞情况和泄漏情况。高压液体向低压液体泄漏，会使低压流体压力
上升，高压介质压降增大，会产生污染和其它后果。操作中若发现压力骤
变，除检查换热器本身问题外，还应考虑其它因素，如介质的后路是否畅
通等。
Regularly check the pressure change of heat exchanger, especially the pressure
difference of inlet and outlet, to judge the condition of fouling, block and leakage of
heat exchanger. If fluid with high pressure leaks to low pressure side, the pressure
of low pressure side would rise and pressure drop of high pressure side would
increase, which causing pollution and other effects. It rapid pressure change
occurs in operation, except for checking heat exchanger itself, other factors should
also be considered, such as whether downstream is blocked.
4. 换热器内的流体一般有较高的流速，由于流体的脉冲和横向流动都会引起
基础支架的震动，如发现基础震动加剧，除检查操作是否异常外，还应检
查换热器的基础有无损坏和地脚螺栓有无松动。
The flow speed of fluid in heat exchanger might be high. Due to the pulse
transverse flow of fluid would cause vibration of foundation support. If the vibration
is intensified, except for checking that whether the operation is abnormal, check
whether the foundation is broken or foundation bolts are loosen as well.
5. 保温（保冷）层的损坏将直接影响换热器的热效率。另外，由于保温（保
冷）层破坏，在壳体外部就将积附水分，使壳体发生局部腐蚀。因此，经
常检查，发现保温层破坏应尽快进行修补。
Damaged insulation (including cold insulation) layer will directly affect the heat
exchanger efficiency. In addition, since the insulation (including cold insulation)
layer is damaged, water would be deposited at external of the shell, causing
localized corrosion on the shell. Therefore, check regularly, and timely repair when
finding insulation layer damage.
6.3.3 换热器的日常维护
Daily Maintenance of Heat Exchanger
(1) 换热器操作人员应定期培训，持证上岗，严格执行工艺操作规程，严禁超
温超压超负荷运行
Heat exchanger operator should accept regular training, go on duty with certificates,
and strictly execute operation regulation, prohibiting to operate under
over-temperature, overpressure and overload conditions.
(2) 定期巡回检查，检查重点如下
Regularly patrol and check. The key points of check are following:
1. 换热器本体、接口（阀门、管线）部位、焊接接头的裂纹、过热、变
形、泄漏及损伤等；
Crack, overheating, transformation, leakage and damage at the heat
exchanger, connection (valves and pipelines) position and welded joints
2. 外表面的腐蚀；
Corrosion on external surface
3. 保温层破损、脱落、潮湿、跑冷；
Damage, falloff, moist and cold leakage of insulation
4. 换热器与相邻管道或构件的异常振动或响声；
Abnormal vibration or noise of heat exchanger and adjacent pipeline or
components
5. 支撑或支座的损坏，基础下沉倾斜和开裂，紧固螺栓的完好情况；
Damage of support or foundation, sedimentation, inclination and crack of
foundation and the condition of fastening bolts
6. 排放装置（疏水、排污）；
Discharge facilities (steam trap and drain system)
7. 换热器接地是否完好；
Whether the grounding of heat exchange is in sound condition.
(3) 换热器发生下列异常现象时，操作人员应立即采取紧急措施，并向、厂调
度汇报
If the following abnormal situations of heat exchanger occur, operator should

immediately adopt emergency measures and report to scheduler:
1. 工作压力、介质温度或壁温以及介质组成发生变化，采取措施仍不能
得到有效控制；
Operating pressure, fluid temperature or wall temperature and fluid
composition are changed and cannot be efficiently controlled after measures
have been taken;
2. 主要受压元件产生裂纹、鼓包、变形、泄漏等危及安全的缺陷；
Issues influenced safety, such as crack, bump, deformation and leakage occur
on main pressurized components;
3. 安全附件失效；
Safety accessory invalid;
4. 接管、紧固件损坏，难以保证安全运行；
Pipeline and fastener are broken and operating safety is hard to be ensured;
5. 发生火灾，直接威胁到换热器；
Fire occurs, directly threating heat exchanger;
6. 液位失去控制，采取措施仍不能得到控制；
Level is out of control even when measures are taken;
7. 换热器与管道严重振动，危及安全运行；
Heat exchanger and pipeline severely vibrate, threating operating safety;
8. 其它异常情况。
Other abnormal conditions.
(4) 换热器内部有压力，一般不得进行修理或紧固
If heat exchanger is with internal pressure, it cannot be fixed or fastened
(5) 做好停用或备用容器的维护检查，防止容器内剩余介质引起腐蚀或反应，
对长期停用的换热器应清洗并排净介质，用氮气封存，启用时应按要求试
漏。
Take maintenance and check for out-of-service and standby vessel, preventing the
corrosion caused by remaining fluid in vessel. Heat exchanger which is
out-of-service for a long time should be washed, completely drained and blanket
with nitrogen. It should take leakage test before putting in service.
(6) 装置在开停车过程中，换热器应缓慢升温和降温，避免压差过大和热冲击，
同时遵循停工时“先热后冷”，即先退热介质再退冷介质；开工时“先冷后热”，
及先进冷介质再进热介质。
During startup and shutdown, the speed of temperature rise and reduction of heat
exchanger should be slow to prevent exceeding differential pressure and thermal
shock. Meanwhile, it should follow the rule of “heating first and cooling later” when
shutdown, which means discharge hot fluid first and cold fluid later; and it should
follow the rule of “cooling first and heating later” when startup, which means
introducing cold fluid first and hot fluid later.
6.3.4 换热器的常见故障
Common Failures of Heat Exchanger
表6-3 换热器故障处理表
Table 6-3 Table for Heat Exchanger failure and troubleshooting
序
故障现象故障原因处理方法
号
Phenomena of fault Causes of fault Handling method
S/N
换热管腐蚀穿孔、开裂停车，换管或堵管
The heat exchange tubes is corroded, Shutdown, replacing tubes or plugging
内漏 perforated and cracked tubes
1
Inner leakage 换热管与管板焊口开裂停车，打磨补焊
The welded junction between the heat Shutdown, polishing and repairing
exchange tube and tube sheet is cracked welding
法兰密封面损坏停车，修复或更换法兰
The sealing face of flange is damaged Shutdown, repairing or changing flange
法兰密封面泄漏垫片承压不足、腐蚀损坏停车，更换垫片
2 The sealing face of flange Gaskets are lack of pressure-bearing, and Shutdown, changing gaskets
is leaking corroded and damaged 紧固螺栓
螺栓松动 Tightening bolts
Bolts are loosened
换热管结垢停车，化学或机械清洗，净化介质
The heat exchange tubes are fouling Shutdown, carrying out chemical or
水质较差 mechanical cleaning, purifying fluid
Poor water quality 加强过滤、加强水质管理
传热效果差
3 隔板短路 Strengthening filtration and water quality
Poor heat transfer effect
The short-circuit of baffle plate management
停车，更换或修复隔板
Shutdown, changing or repairing baffle
plate
基础地脚螺栓松动外部管线振动紧固地脚螺栓
The anchor bolts are loosened The external Tightening anchor bolts
pipelines vibrate 加固管道，减少振动
振动严重因介质频率引起共振 Consolidating pipes to decreasing
4
Vibrated strongly Resonance is induced by fluid frequency vibration
改变介质流速或改变管束流速
Changing flow velocity of fluid or tube
bundles
过滤器失效停车，清理或更换过滤器
阻力降超过允许值 Filter failure Shutdown, cleaning or changing filters
5 Pressure drop exceeds 壳体、管内外结垢停车，化学或机械清洗
the allowable value shell, tube internal and external are fouling Shutdown, carrying out chemical or
mechanical cleaning
6.4 空冷器的投用、切除及日常维护、常见故障处理
On-Line, off-line , Maintenance and Troubleshooting of Air Coolers
6.4.1 启动
Start
A级
Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
风机停状态– 隔离– 机、电、仪及辅助系统准备就

绪
Fans are in shutdown status, being isolated, and
mechanical, electrical, instrument and auxiliary system are
all ready.
6.4.1.1 启动前检查
Inspection Before Start
状态 S1
State S1
风机具备启动条件
Fans with start conditions
6.4.2 启动
Start:
6.4.2.1 启动后检查
Inspection after the start
最终状态 S2
Final State
风机运转正常
Fans operate normally
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
风机空气状态– 隔离– 机、电、仪及辅助系统准备

就绪
Fans in air conditions, being isolated, and mechanical,
electrical, instrument and auxiliary system are all ready.
6.4.3. 启动前检查
Inspection before Start
(P)– 确认风机试运完毕。
(P)– Confirm that run-in test of blower fan is completed.
(P)– 确认防护罩完好。
(P)– Confirm that the coupling guard is in good status.
润滑油系统
Lube oil system
(P)– 确认润滑油油位正常
电动机
Motor
(P)– 确认电机单运正常。
(P)– Confirm that test of running single motor is normal.
仪表电器系统
Instrument and electric system
(P)– 确认仪表调校合格。
(P)– Confirm that the instrument is debugged to meet requirements.
(P)– 确认电器调校合格。
(P)– Confirm that the electric is adjusted to meet requirements.
(P)– 确认自保联锁试验合格。
(P)– Confirm that the interlock system test is acceptable.
[P]– 手动盘车运转正常。
[P]– Hand-barring runs normally.
状态 S1
State S1
风机具备启动条件
Fans with start conditions
6.4.4 启动
Start:
[P]– 确认流程正确
[P]– Confirm that the flow is correct.
[M]– 通知电气专业送电
[M]– Inform electrical personnel to supply power.
[P]– 操作人员按下启动按钮
[P]– Operators press the start button.
[P]– 确认风机转向正确
[P]– Confirm that fans are in correct running direction.
[P]– 调整百叶窗至生产所控温度
[P]– Adjust louver to regulate to normal operating temperature.
6.4.5 启动后检查
Inspection after the start
[M]– 查看风机轴承部位是否有异常的转动及过热现象
[M]– Check that whether bearing parts of the fans have abnormal turns and
overheating phenomenon or not.
(P)– 确认在运转期间，检查轴承温度正常
(P)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing is normal during operation.
(P)– 确认润滑油温度正常
(P)– Confirm that the lube oil temperature is normal.
(P)– 确认电流值在额定范围内
P）– Confirm that the current values are within the rated range.
(P)– 确认无异常振动
(P)– Confirm that there are no abnormal vibrations.
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
最终状态 S2
Final State
风机运转正常
Fans operate normally
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认轴承温度正常.
(P)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing is normal.
(P)– 确认润滑油温度正常
(P)– Confirm that the lube oil temperature is normal.
(P)– 确认电流指示值在额定范围内.
(P)– Confirm that the indicated current values are within the rated range.
6.4.6 停车
Stop
A 级纲要
Outline of Grade A
状态 S0
State S0
风机具备停车条件
Fans with stop conditions
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
风机处于停机状态
Fans are on stop state
B 级操作
Grade B operation
初始状态
Initial State
状态 S0
State S0
风机具备停车条件
Fans with stop conditions
6.4.7 风机停车操作
Stop of fans
(I)– 确认轴承温度正常
(I)– Confirm that the temperature of the bearing is normal.
(I)– 确认润滑油温度正常
(I)– Confirm that the temperature of lube oil is normal.
(P)– 确认电流指示值在额定范围内。
(P)– Confirm that the indicated current values are within the rated range.
(P)– 确认出口压力、温度正常
(P)– Confirm that the outlet pressure and temperature is normal.
[M]– 下达停机指令
[M]– Issue a stop command.
[P/I]– 按下就地/远程停机按钮
[P/I]– Press the local/ remote shutdown button.
[P]– 风机停车后轴承温度不再上升，润滑油位正常
[P]– After the stop of fans, the temperature of bearing does not increase and the
lube oil level is normal.
最终状态 S1
Final state S1
风机处于停机状态
Fans are on stop state
确认
Confirm
(P)– 确认风机处于停状态
(P)– Confirm that the fans are in the stop state.
电动机
Motor
(P)– 确认电机处于停状态
(P)– Confirm that the motor is in shutdown state.
(P)– 确认仪表、电器系统正常
6.4.8 正常切换
Normal switch
A 级操作框架图
Grade A Operation Frame Diagram
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用风机运行状态，备用风机准备就绪，具备启动条件
The start-up condition is met when fans in-service are in
operation state and the standby fans are ready.
6.4.8.1 启动备用风机
Starting standby fans
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
风机具备切换条件
Fans is ready to switch
6.4.8.2 切换
Switchover
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机切换完毕
Fans switching over
6.4.8.3 切换后的调整和确认
Adjust and confirm after the switchover
A8.3.1 运转机
On-line fans
A8.3.2 停用机
Off-line fans
最终状态 S3
备用机启运后运行正常，原在用机停用
Stop the on-line fans when the standby one is put into normal
operation.
B 级切换操作
Grade B Switchover Operation
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
在用风机运行状态，备用机准备就绪，具备启动条件
The start condition is met when on-line fans are in operation
state and the standby fans are ready.
在用机
On-line Fans
(P)– 电机运行正常
(P)– Motor operates normally.
(P)– 机组各部温度正常
(P)– The each part temperature of fan is normal.
(I/P)– 仪表、电气系统投用（压力表、温度计、报警和自保联锁等）
(I/P)– Put instruments and electrical systems into service (pressure gauge,
thermometer, alarm，self-protection interlock system, etc.).
(P)– 无异常泄漏
(P)– No abnormal leakage.
(P)– 机组运行正常
(P)– Fan operates normally.
备用机
Standby fan.
(P)– 确认润滑油箱油位正常
(P)– Confirm that the level of lube oil box is normal.
(P)– 确认润滑油不带水
(P)– Confirm that there is no water in lube oil.
(P)– 机组盘车正常
(P)– Barring normally.
(P)– 确认机组各部分完好
(P)– Confirm that each part of the fan is in sound conditions.
(I/P)– 自保联锁系统投用
(I/P)– Put self-protection interlock system into service.
(P)– 电动机具备开机条件
(P)– Motor with condition for start.
6.4.8.4 启动备用机
Start of off-line blower
(M)– 确认需切换到备机运行
(M)– Confirm that it needs to switch to standby fan .
[P]– 联系相关岗位准备切换
[P]– Contact relevant posts to be ready for switching.
(P)– 确认备机出口、入口管线、法兰、阀门、压力表等接头无泄漏
(P)– Confirm that there is no leakage in joints of discharge and suction pipeline,
flanges, valves, pressure gauges of standby fan.
(P)– 确认所用工具及润滑油用具齐全
(P)– Confirm that the tools and lube oil appliances are fully equipped.
(P)– 确认备机电机送电
(P)– Confirm that power is supplied to the motor of standby fan.
(P)– 确认备机盘车灵活
(P)– Confirm that standby fan barring is free to move.
[P]– 备机盘车 3～4 圆周

[P]– Rotate the standby fan shaft manually by 3~4 turns.
[P]– 按正常步骤启备用机
[P]– Start the standby fan according to the normal steps.
(P)– 确认运转备机各部振动、声音、轴承温度情况正常
(P)– Confirm that vibration, noise and bearing temperature of each part of standby
fan are normal.
稳定状态 S1
Steady State S1
风机具备切换条件
Fans is ready to switch
6.4.8.5 切换
Switchover
[P]– 停原运行机
[P]– Stop the on-line motor.
提示卡：
Cue Card：
切换过程配合要密切，协调一致，尽量减小流量波动
Close coordination during switch procedure and minimize
discharge flowrate and pressure fluctuation.
在切换过程如果出现异常情况应停止切换
Stop switching in case of any abnormality during switching
稳定状态 S2
Steady State S2
风机切换完毕
Fans switching over
6.4.8.6 切换后的调整和确认
Adjust and confirm after the switchover
B8.6.1 运转机
On-line fans
观察被控温度变化情况，有必要的情况下按实际情况调整百叶窗开度
Observe the temperature change and adjust the opening of louver according
to the actual situation when it is necessary.
B8.6.2 停用机
Off-line fans
停用机根据要求进行备用或交付检修
According to requirements, the off-line motors are for standby application or
delivered for maintenance.
最终状态 S3
备用机启运后运行正常，原在用机停用
Stop the on-line fans when the standby one is put into normal
operation.
C 级辅助说明
Grade C Supplementary Notes
注意事项
Cautions
1）注意观察电流、电压是否稳定，不能超程与大幅度跳动
Attentions should paid to observe that whether current and voltage are stable or
not, for they cannot exceed the rated degree and are not allowed to change
significantly.
2）保证润滑油油位、油质
Ensure that level and quality of the lube oil are in normal conditions.
3）检查风机轴承和电机的运转情况，声音是否正常，温度是否超高
Check the operating condition and noise of bearing and motors, and whether over
temperature or not.
4）做好备用机组的盘车等维护工作，保证备用机组正常备用
Properly carry out maintenance services for standby fan barring to ensure the
normal preparation of the standby fan.
7 事故预案处理
ACCIDENT HANDLING PLAN
7.1 事故处理原则
Accident Handling Principle
事故处理原则是按照消除、预防、减弱、隔离、警告的顺序进行控制。当发生
危险、危害事故时，要坚持先救人后救物，先重点后一般，先控制后消灭的总
原则灵活果断处置，防止事故扩大。
The principle of accident handling is to control situations according to the order of
eliminating, preventing, receding, isolating and warning. When dangerous and hazard
accidents happen, it should, adhering to the general principle of saving people first and
then materials, key point first and then general point as well as control first and then
eliminate, handle flexibly and decisively so as to prevent the further expand of the
accident.
当装置出现有潜在危险并能导致人员伤害或损坏设备的情况时，要求装置紧急
停工。停工的过程中要求做到以下几点：
When there are potential dangers to cause damage to both persons and equipment, it
shall be required for shutdown immediately. Followings are required during shutdown:
1、必须迅速确定事故状态；
1. The accident situations shall be determined rapidly;
2、正确判断事故种类；
2. The accident type shall be judged correctly;
3、果断执行处理步骤。
3. Execute the handling steps decisively.
4、设备做到不超温、不超压、不出现跑、冒、滴、漏
4. Avoid equipment with over temperature, overpressure and leakage.
5、装置做到事故最小化，将装置退守到安全状态
5. Minimize accidents and return unit to safe mode.
7.2 紧急停工方法
Emergency Shutdown Method
A 级
Grade A
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
装置出现重大突发事件，无法继续维持正常生产
Unit cannot continue to maintain normal production due to
major emergencies,
A1.0 隔离事故发生部位
Isolate the accident sites.
A2.0 停止胺液外送
Stop amine solution supply.
A3.0 停止接收富胺液
Stop receiving rich amine.
A4.0 停再生塔底汽提蒸汽
Stop stripping steam at the bottom of regenerator.
A5.0 酸性气改放火炬
Change sour gas to flare.
A6.0 胺液循环，系统降温
Circulate amine solution and system cool down.
A7.0 停各机泵
Shutdown each pump.
A8.0 保持系统液位及压力
Maintain level and pressure of the system.
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
再生塔底重沸器蒸汽停，停止进料和产品外送，系
统未退胺液，系统保持液位压力，机泵备用，再生
塔顶酸性气阀关闭
Steam of amine regenerator reboiler is stop, feeding and
product pump-out is stopped. Amine solution maintain in
system (not return), level and pressure of system
maintain. Rotating equipment ready for standby and valve
on the top of regenerator sour gas line is closed.
B 级
Grade B
初始状态卡
Initial state card
初始状态 S0
Initial State S0
装置出现重大突发事件，无法继续维持正常生产
Unit cannot continue to maintain normal production due
to major emergencies,
确认：
Confirm
( )– 装置出现重大突发事件
( )– Major emergencies happen.
( )– 相关参数严重偏离正常值
( )– Related parameters deviate from normal value seriously.
( )– 装置机泵运转正常
( )– The rotating equipment operates normally.
( )– 产品外送正常
( )– Products pump-out is normal.
B1.0 隔离事故发生部位
Isolate the accident sites.
(M)– 确认发生事故部位和原因
(M)– Locate the accident position and find the reason.
[M]– 停运发生事故流程上的机泵
[M]– Stop rotating equipment relate to accident process.
[P]– 关闭发生事故部位上、下游阀门
[P]– Close the upstream and downstream valves on the accident pipeline.
[M]– 通知调度、车间值班及各装置，胺处理装置紧急停工
[M]– Inform scheduler, workshop foreman and each related unit that amine
treatment unit emergency shutdown.
[M]– 通知保运人员到位
[M]– Inform maintenance personnel to be ready for work.
B2.0 停止胺液外送
Stop amine solution supply.
[M]– 联系调度停送贫胺液
[M]– Contact scheduler to stop lean amine supply from ATU.
[I]– 联系硫磺回收装置停送贫胺液
[I]– Contact the sulfur recovery unit to stop lean amine supply from ATU.
(I)– 确认去硫磺回收装置的贫胺液流量显示为零
(I)– Confirm that the lean amine flowrateto the sulfur recovery unit
indicate zero.
(P)– 确认现场贫胺泵单机运行
(P)– Confirm that lean amine pump running stand-alone.
[P]– 稍开集贫胺液闭路开停工循环阀
[P]– Slightly open the startup and shutdown circulating valve of lean
amine closed-circuit.
[P]– 关闭去硫磺回收装置的贫胺液阀
[P]– Close the lean amine valve to the sulfur recovery unit.
[P]– 稍开贫胺液闭路开停工循环阀
[I]– 联系其余各装置停送贫胺液
[I]– Contact the rest units that lean amine is stopped.
(I)– 确认去其余各装置的贫胺液流量显示为零
(I)– Confirm that the lean amine flowrate to the rest units indicate zero.
[P]– 关闭贫胺液去其余各装置阀
[P]– Close the valves through which lean amine to the rest units.
[P]– 稍开贫胺液闭路开停工循环阀
(I)– 确认胺液循环量控制在 120–150T/h

(I)– Confirm that the circulation rate of amine is controlled to 120–150t/h.

(I)– Confirm that level of rich amine flash drum310- V01 is stable.
(I)– 确认再生塔 310-C01 液位稳定

(I)– Confirm that level of amine regenerator 310-C01 is stable.
B3.0 停止接收富胺液
Stop receiving rich amine.
[M]– 联系调度停收富胺液（富胺液）
[M]– Contact scheduler to stop receiving of rich amine solution.
[I]– 联系硫磺回收装置停送富胺液
[I]– Contact the sulfur recovery unit to stop rich amine supply.
[I]– 联系其余装置将停送富胺液
[I]– Contact the rest units to stop the rich amine supply.
(I)– 确认从其余装置来的富胺液流量显示为零
(I)– Confirm that the rich amine flowrate from the rest units indicate zero.
[P]– Open the amine inner circulating valve of the amine treating unit.
(I)– 确认胺液循环量 120–150t/h

(I)– Confirm that the amine circulation rate is 120–150t/h.
[P]– 关闭其余装置来的富胺液阀
[P]– Close the rich amine valve that come to the rest units.
[P]– Open the amine inner circulating valve of the amine treating unit.
(I)– 确认胺液循环量 120～150t/h

(I)– Confirm that the amine circulation rate is 120–150t/h.

[I]– 缓慢关小 310-PV-063B

[I]– Slowly turn down 310-PV-063B.
(I)– 确定 310-C01 液位和压力正常

(I)– Confirm that level and pressure of 310-C01 is normal.
[I]– 调节 310-FIC-014，稳定回流罐液位
[I]– Adjust 310-FIC-014 to stabilize level of reflux vessel.
B4.0 停止塔底加热蒸汽
Stop heating steam supply at the amine regenerator bottom.
[I]– 关闭重沸器流控阀 310-FIC-012AB

[I]– Close the flow control valve 310-FIC-012AB of reboiler.
[P]– 关闭 310-FV-012AB 前后手阀

[P]– Close 310-FV-012AB front and behind valves.
B5.0 酸性气改放火炬
Change sour gas to flare.
[P]– 现场将酸性气放火炬阀打开
[P]– Open the sour gas vent to flare valve on site.
[P]– 现场将酸性气至硫磺阀关闭
[P]– Close the sour gas to SRU valve on site.
B6.0 胺液循环，系统降温
Circulate amine solution and system cool down.
胺液循环系统降温流程如下：
The temperature cooling procedure of amine circulation system is as follows:
310-V03→310-P04→310-C02→310-V01→310-P01→310-E01(管/T)
↑ ↓
310-EA02 ←310-P03 ←310-E01(壳/s) ←310-C01

B7.0 各机泵停止运转
Stopping all pumps.
[P]– 现场停止运转 310-P01、310-P02、310-P03、310-P04、

310-P05、310-P07、310-P08 按钮
[P]– Press the button to stop 310-P01, 310-P02, 310-P03, 310-P04,
310-P05, 310-P07 and 310-P08 on site.
[P]– 关闭各泵的出入口阀门
[P]– Close the suction and discharge valves of each pump.
B8.0 保持系统液位及压力
Maintain level and pressure of the system.
[I]– 监控各项参数，保持各塔，罐液位及压力
[I]– Monitor each parameter and maintain level and pressure of each
column and vessel.
[P]– 可适当用氮气补充压力
[P]– Properly using nitrogen to maintain pressure is allowed.
[P]– 可适当用除盐水保持液位
[P]– Properly using demi-water to maintain level is allowed.
最终状态卡
Card of Final State
最终状态 FS
Final state FS
再生塔底重沸器蒸汽停，停止进料和产品外送，系
统未退胺液，系统保持压力和液位，机泵备用，再
生塔顶酸性气停止放火炬
Steam of the reboiler at the bottom of the amine
regenerator is stop, feeding and product sending out is
stop. Amine solution maintain in system (not return), level
and pressure of system maintain. Rotating equipment
ready for standby and valve on the top of regenerator
sour gas line is closed.
确认:
Confirm
[P]– 关闭贫胺液出装置手阀
[P]– Close valve for lean amine out of the unit.
[P]– 关闭富胺液入装置手阀
[P]– Close valve for lean amine entering the unit.
[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P01

[P]– Stop 310-P01 according to regulation.
[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P02

[P]– Stop the 310-P02 according to regulation.
[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P03

[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P04

[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P05

[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P07

[P]– Stop the 310-P07 according to regulations.
[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P08

[I]– 关闭 310-FV-012AB
[I]– Close 310-FV-012AB.
(I)– 确认 310-V01、310-C01、310-V03、310-C02 液位稳定

(I)– Confirm that the level of 310-V01, 310-C01, 310-V03 and 310-C02 is
stable.
[I]– 关闭 310-PV-063B
[I]– Close 310-PV-063B.
[P]– 关酸性气出装置阀
[P]– Close the valve for sour gas out of the unit.
辅助说明：
Auxiliary instructions:
紧急停工后，若能够恢复开工条件，装置执行开工规程，重新开工；
若不能恢复开工条件，根据调度指令，执行停工规程，装置退胺和吹
扫。
After emergency shutdown, in case of that unit meet the re-startup
requirement, unit should execute the startup procedure to re-startup. While in
case of that still not meet the re-startup requirement, the unit should execute
the shutdown procedure, return amine and purging according to the instruction
of scheduler.
7.3 事故处理预案
Accident Handling Plan
7.3.1 停电事故处理
Accident Handling Plan for Power Failure
事故现象：
Phenomena of accident:
所有转动设备停运
Stop all in-service rotating equipment.
操作参数波动
Fluctuation of operating parameters.
事故原因：
Accident cause:
电力供应中断
Electricity failure 事故确认：
Accident to be confirmed to extent that:
确认 310-EA01、310-EA02 停运
1 Confirm that 310-EA01 and 310-EA02 stop.
确认 310-P01、310-P02、310-P03、310-P04、310-P05、 310-P07、310-P08
停运
1 Confirm 310-P01, 310-P02, 310-P03, 310-P04, 310-P05, 310-P07 and 310-P08 stop.
事故处理：
Accident handling:
1．初期险情控制
Risk control at the initial period
[M]– 立即向调度汇报
[M]– Report to the scheduler immediately.
[M]– 通知上游装置胺处理装置停电
[M]– Inform the upstream amine treating unit of power failure.
[M]– 联系供电系统恢复供电
[M]– Contact power supply system to recover power supply.
2．工艺处置
Process handling
[P]– 关闭富胺液进装置手阀
[P]– Close the BL valve on lean amine to unit.
[I]– 关闭 310-LIC-012、310-FIC019、310-TV013、310-FV014、310-FV-015
[I]– Close 310-LIC012, 310-FIC019, 310-TV013, 310-FV-014 and 310-FV-015.
[I]– 关闭 310-FV-012AB
[I]– Close 310-FV012AB.
[P]– 关闭 310-P01、310-P02、310-P03、310-P04、310-P05、310-P07、
310-P08 出口阀
[P]– Close discharge valves of 310-P01, 310-P02, 310-P03, 310-P04, 310-P05,
310-P07 and 310-P08.
[I]– 控制 310-C01 液位、压力处于安全操作范围
[I]– Control level and pressure of 310-C01 within a safe operating range.
[I]– 关闭 310-PV063B.
[I]– Close 310-PV063B.
[P]– 再生塔压力 310-PI-053 低于 0.04MPa，打开塔底氮气手阀补压

[P]– In case of that the pressure 310-PI-053 of amine regenerator is below
0.04MPa, open the nitrogen valve at the amine regenerator bottom to increase
pressure.
3．设备处置
Equipment treatment
[P]– 现场注意观察塔底重沸器的运行情况，以及再生塔底泵的声音、压力、
温度是否正常
[P]– Observe the operation condition of the reboiler at the amine regenerator
bottom and check that whether the noise, pressure and temperature of pumps
at the amine regenerator bottom is normal on site.
[P]– 注意观察 0.24MPa 蒸汽管线，防止动力系统突然供应蒸汽后，发生水

击等现象
[P]– Pay attention to the 0.24MPa steam pipeline so as to prevent water hammer
after a sudden supply of steam to power system.
4．现场检测及疏散
Field test and evacuation
[P]– 组织与生产无相关人员沿上风向撤离现场
[P]– Organize personnel who are unrelated to the production to evacuate from the
site along the upwind direction.
[M]– 停止周边各施工动火作业
[M]– Stop the surrounding construction and hot work.
5．个体防护
Personal protection
[P]– 佩戴防护面罩，安全帽
[P]– Wear protective masks and helmets.
[P]– 携带 H2S 报警仪

[P]– Be sure to carry a Portable H2S detector.
6．环境保护
Environmental protection
[P]– 确认现场没有发生富液泄漏现象
[P]– Confirm that there is no leakage of rich amine on site.
[P]– 用 H2S 报警仪检查确认无酸性气泄漏

[P]– Check and confirm that there is no leakage of sour gas by using portable H2S
detector.
7．处置结束
The treatment is finished
[I]– 维持塔和罐压力、液位稳定，使处于安全范围
[I]– Maintain pressure and level of the amine column and vesse to a safe range.
[M]– 加紧联系调度，及早恢复蒸汽供应
[M]– Contact scheduler and request to recover steam supply as soon as possible.
[M]– 待装置恢复供汽时，按规程恢复开工
[M]– Once steam supply is recovered, re-startup according to the regulation.
退守状态：
Retreat state
再生系统维持塔和罐温度、压力、液位处于安全操作范围
Regeneration system maintains temperature, pressure and level of the amine column
and vessel to a safe operating range.
若长时间停汽，按停工操作处理
If steam failure lasts for a long time, move to the shutdown procedure.
7.3.2 再生塔（310-C01）冲塔事故处理
Accident Handling Plan for Puking of amine regenerator （310-C01）
事故现象：
310-C01 顶温度 TI033 急剧上升

Overhead temperature 310-TI-033 of 310-C01 increases dramatically.
310-C01 底液位 310-LIC-026 急剧上升又急剧下降

Level 310-LIC-026 of 310-C01 bottom increases dramatically and then decrease
sharply
310-V02 回流罐液位快速上涨
The level of amine regenerator reflux drum 310-V02 rise rapidly.
事故原因：
Accident cause:
塔顶酸性气抽出阀开度过大或调整幅度过大
The opening or adjustment range of the sour gas draw-off valve at amine regenerator
overhead is too big.
塔底蒸汽波动，造成蒸汽过大，塔温过高
Steam flowrate too high and amine regenerator over temperature caused by steam
fluctuation.
再生塔顶回流泵故障，造成回流量过小中断
Failure of amine regenerator reflux pump lead to a too small or interruption reflux rate.
回流调节阀失灵
The reflux control valve is not work.
事故确认：
塔底液位急剧上升后又急剧下降。
The level at the amine regenerator bottom increases dramatically and then decreases
sharply.
塔顶温度急剧升高
Sharp increase of overhead temperature.
回流罐液位剧增，严重时满罐。
Level of reflux vessel increase dramatically, or even full drum in severe case.
事故处理：
Accident handling:
Risk control at the initial period
[M]– 立即向调度汇报，胺处理装置波动，贫液质量可能不合格
[M]– Report to scheduler immediately for that the quality of lean amine may be
unqualified due to the fluctuation of amine treating unit.
[M]– 减小蒸汽量，降低再生塔底温度
[M]– Decrease steam rate and reduce the amine regenerator bottom temperature.
2．工艺处置
Process treatment
[I]– 开大回流罐液控阀 310-FV014，增大塔顶回流量

[I]– Open the hydraulic control valve 310-FV014 of reflux vessel and increase the
reflux volume at the amine regenerator roof.
[I]– 关小再生塔底重沸器蒸汽流控阀 310-FV012A/B，降低塔底温度

[I]– Turn down the steam flow control valve 310-FV012A/B of reboiler at the amine
regenerator bottom and decrease the amine regenerator bottom
temperature.
[P]– 当回流罐 310-V02 液位不能下降时，打开 310-FV-015 至汽提装置

[P]– In case of level of amine regenerator reflux vessel 310-V02 cannot decreased,
open 310-FV-015 to NP SWSU.
3．设备处置
Equipment handling
[P]– 现场注意观察回流泵 310-P02A/B 压力、温度、振动是否正

[P]– Observe whether the pressure, temperature and vibration of reflux pump
310-P02AB normal on site, so as to.
常，避免因发生泵故障而导致回流罐液位满罐的现象
avoid amine regenerator reflux drum full drum due to the 310-P02AB failure.
[P]– 注意观察硫磺单元清洁酸性气分液罐的液位指示，
[P]– Observe the knockout drum level for cleaning sour gas in sulfur recovery unit
so as to.
防止因满罐而造成酸性气严重带水进炉，引起燃烧炉异常操作
prevent sour water is brought into furnace by sour gas severely due to full
drum and thus lead to abnormal operation of the burner.
[P]– 若调节阀失灵，改副线控制，并联系仪表工处理
[P]– In case of that the control valve is failure, change to bypass line to control and
contact the instrument personnel to deal with the problem.
On-site inspection and evacuation
[P]– 组织与生产无关人员沿上风向撤离现场
[P]– Organize personnel unrelated to production to evacuate from the site along
the upwind direction.
[P]– 使用硫化氢报警仪进行现场监测
[P]– Carry out an on-site monitoring with portable H2S detector.
5．个体防护
Personal protection

[P]– Be sure to carry a portable H2S detector.
6．环境保护
[P]– 用 H2S 报警仪确认无酸性气泄漏

[P]– Confirm that there is no leakage of sour gas by using a portable H2S detector.
[P]– 确认没有因为酸性气大量带水进入制硫燃烧炉导致压力过高，炉温降
低，引起硫封罐冲破，过程气泄漏
[P]– Confirm that no sour gas bring so much water into sulfur furnace that lead to
overpressure and decrease of furnace temperature, and process gas leakage
due to break through sulfur sealed drum.
[M]– 塔顶温度、液位、压力降至正常后，调整操作，恢复生产
[M]– After the overhead temperature, level and pressure of amine regenerator
decreasing to a normal, adjust operation and recover production.
退守状态：
Retreat state
再生塔降量、降温处理，再生系统维持塔和罐温度、压力、液位处于安全操作
范围
1 Decrease the quantity and temperature of amine regenerator while regeneration
system are required to maintain temperature, pressure and level of the amine
regenerator and drum to a safe operating range.
7. 处理结束
Handling is finished
7.3.3 胺处理装置停 0.24MPa 蒸汽事故处理

Accident Handling Plan for 0.24mpa Steam Interruption
事故现象：
重沸器 310-E02AB 蒸汽流量 310-FI-012A/B 急速下降

1 steam flowrate 310-FI-012A\B of Amine regenerator reboiler 310-E02AB decrease
rapidly.
再生塔 310-C01 压力、温度下降

1 The pressure and temperature of amine regenerator 310-C01 decrease.
事故原因：
Accident cause:
0.24MPa 蒸汽管网波动
1
事故确认：
确认重沸器 310-E02AB 蒸汽流量 280-FI012A\B 急速下降

1 Confirm that the steam flow 280-FI012A\B of amine regenerator reboiler 310-E02AB
decreased rapidly.
确认再生塔温度、压力下降
1 Confirm that the temperature and pressure of amine regenerator decreased.
事故处理：
Accident handling:
Dangerous situations control at the early period
[M]– 再生塔充氮气保压
[M]– Pressurize nitrogen in amine regenerator for pressure maintaining.
[M]– 联系调度并通知上游装置胺处理装置波动外送贫液，停收富液
[M]– Contact scheduler and inform the upstream unit of amine treating unit
fluctuation to stop receiving rich amine.
[M]– 联系动力系统恢复供汽
[M]– Contact power system to recover steam supply.
2．工艺处置
Process handling
[P]– 关闭富胺液进装置手阀
[P]– Close the BL valve on lean amine to unit.
[P]– 按规程停泵 310-P01、310-P02、310-P03、310-P04、310-P05、

310-P07、310-P08
[P]– Stop pumps 310-P01, 310-P02, 310-P03, 310-P04, 310-P05, 310-P07 and
310-P08 according to regulation.
[I]– 关闭 310-FV-012A\B
[I]– Close 310-FV-012A\B.
(I)– 确认 310-C01 液位稳定

(I)– Confirm that level of 310-C01 is stable.
[I]– 关闭 310-PV-063B
[I]– Close 310-PV-063B.
[P]– 关酸性气出装置控制阀后手阀
[P]– Close the valve behind the sour gas BL control valve.
[P]– 再生塔压力 310-PI-053 低于 0.04MPa，打开塔底氮气手阀补压

[P]– In case of that the pressure 310-PI-053 of amine regenerator is below
0.04MPa, open the nitrogen valve at the amine regenerator bottom to increase
pressure.
3．设备处置
Equipment Handling
[P]– 现场注意观察塔底重沸器的运行情况，以及再生塔底泵的声音、压力、
温度是否正常
[P]– Observe the operation condition of the amine regenerator reboiler and to
check whether the noise, pressure and temperature of pumps at the amine
regenerator bottom is normal on site.
[P]– 注意观察 0.24MPa 蒸汽管线，防止动力系统突然供应蒸汽后，发生水

击等现象
[P]– Pay attention to the 0.24MPa steam pipeline so as to prevent water hammer
after a sudden supply of steam to power system.
On-site inspection and evacuation
[P]– 组织与生产无相关人员沿上风向撤离现场
[P]– Organize that personnel unrelated to production to evacuate from the site
along the upwind direction.
[M]– 停止周边各施工动火作业
[M]– Stop the surrounding construction and hot work.
5．个体防护
Personal protection

[P]– Be sure to carry a H2S alarm device.
6．环境保护
[P]– 用 H2S 报警仪检查确认无酸性气泄漏

[P]– Check and confirm that there is no leakage of sour gas by using portable H2S
detector.
7．处置结束
Handling is finished
[I]– 维持塔和罐压力、液位稳定，使处于安全范围
[I]– Maintain pressure and level of the amine column and vessel to a safe range.
[M]– 加紧联系调度，及早恢复蒸汽供应
[M]– Contact scheduler and request to recover steam supply as soon as possible.
[M]– 待装置恢复供汽时，按规程恢复开工
[M]– Once steam supply is recovered, re-startup according to the regulation.
退守状态：
Retreat state
若长时间停汽，按停工操作处理
If steam failure lasts for a long time, move to the shutdown procedure.
8 操作规定
OPERATING PROVISIONS
注：本章节为基本操作规定要求，具体情况以 NRL 的相关规定为准。

Note：This chapter is a general operating provisions, and NRL’s provisions should be
subjected.
8.1 定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work
8.1.1 工艺定期工作：
Regular Work of Process:
每双月按表(JCB-310-001)对 310 胺处理装置现场液位计进行全面检查 1 次；

Carry out a comprehensive inspection on site for level instrument of amine treating unit
according to the table (JCB-310-001) every two months;
每三个月对装置现场温度计、压力表全面检查 1 次；
Carry out a comprehensive inspection on site for thermometers and pressure gauges
every three months.
8.1.2 设备定期工作：
Regular Work of Equipment:
每双月对 310 胺处理装置塔器全面检查 1 次；
Carry out a comprehensive inspection for column every two months a time, and the
details refer to table JCB-310-002;
关键设备定期工作
Regular Work of Equipment
润滑油定期工作
Lube oil regular work (see lube oil regularly work provisions )
8.1.3 安全环保定期工作：
Regular Work of Safety and Environmental Protection:
每周进行一次安全活动：包括安全学习、安全教育、事故预案演习、安全技能
培训等
Carry out a safety activity every week: Including safety learning, safety education,
anti-accident exercise and safety skill training etc.
每月进行一次灭火器检查。（见表 JCB-310-003）
Monthly inspection of fire extinguisher. (See table JCB-310-003)
每月进行一次消防栓检查。（见表 JCB-310-0012）
Monthly inspection of box-type fire hydrant. (See table JCB-310-0012)
每月进行一次火灾报警仪检查。（见表 JCB-310-006 ）
Monthly inspection of fire alarming device. (See table JCB-310-006 )
每月进行一次服务站检查。（见表 JCB-310-007）
Monthly inspection of utility station. (See table JCB-310-007)
每月进行一次气防设施、防火隔热服检查。（见表 JCB-310-008 ）
Monthly inspection of gas protection facility and fireproof heat insulation suit. (See table
JCB-310-008)
附操作规定如下：
Operation provisions:
现场温度计、压力表定期检查规定
The regular on-site inspection regulation for thermometers and pressure gauges.
1）每三个月对 310 胺处理装置现场所有的温度计、压力表进行 1 次全面检查

Carry out a comprehensive inspection on site for thermometers and pressure
gauges every three months.
2）检查温度计、压力表是否有破损，是否被腐蚀
Inspect whether there are damage and corrosion in thermometers and pressure
gauges.
3）检查压力表是否有泄漏
Inspect whether there are leakages in pressure gauges.
4）检查温度计、压力表的最大量程是否为工作压力的 1.5～3.0 倍，最好在 2

倍
Inspect whether the maximum range of thermometers and pressure gauges is
1.5～3.0 times of operating range which is better at 2 times.
5）检查温度计、压力表的指针是否能回到“0”位
Inspect that whether the pointers of thermometers and pressure gauges can return
to the position of “0”.
6）检查温度计、压力表的指针是否在量程范围内
Inspect that whether the pointers of thermometers and pressure gauges are within
the measuring range.
7）每次检查都要做好记录，并更换坏表
Record carefully at every inspecting time and replace the bad gauges.
关键设备定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work of Essential Equipment
1﹞ 机泵功率大于 250KW 的机泵每 2 个月切换一次。功率小于 250KW 的机

泵 2～3 个月切换一次。
Switch pumps once with power more than 250KW every 2 months. Switch pumps
with power less than 250KW every 2-3 months
润滑油定期工作规定
Provisions of Regular Work of Lube Oil
1﹞ 每月 10 日装置里各机泵稀油站润滑油采样分析；
On the 10th of every month Sampling and analyzing the lube oil of dilute oil station
of pumps inside units;
2﹞ 每月 10 日组织讨论、分析出现的润滑问题，制定解决方法。
On the 10th of every month organizing discussion and analysis of lubrication
problems, and working out solutions.
表8-1 胺处理装置液位检查表(JCB-310-001)
Table 8-1level inspection table for amine treating unit (JCB-310-001)
被检查单位：检查人签名：
The units being inspected: Signature of inspector:
检查日期年月日
Inspection date (MM/DD/YYYY)
名称现场
DCS
Description Field
读数/液位计是读数/液位计
序号检查人备注
否畅通是否畅通
S/N 位号位号 Inspector Remarks
Tag No. value/level Tag No. value/level
meter is meter is
normal normal
310-C02 胺吸收塔液位
1
310-C02 level
310-V01 闪蒸罐液位
2
310-V01 level
310-C01 再生塔液位
310-C01 level
3
310-V02 回流罐液位
310-V02 level
310-V03 贫液罐液位
310-V03 level
4
310-V06 地下胺罐液位
310-V06 level
310-S01 胺液储罐液位
5
310-S01 level
310-C02 胺吸收塔液位
6
310-C02 level
310-V01 闪蒸罐液位
7
310-V01 level
8 310-C01 再生塔液位
名称现场
DCS
Description Field
读数/液位计是读数/液位计
序号检查人备注
否畅通是否畅通
S/N 位号位号 Inspector Remarks
value/level value/level
Tag No. Tag No.
meter is meter is
normal normal
310-C01 level
表8-2 再生塔（310-C01）检查表(JCB-310-002)
Table 8-2 inspection table (JCB-310-002) for amine regenerator （310-C01）
Inspected unit: Signature of inspector:
检查部位检查时间
序号检查内容检查情况检查人
Inspection Inspection
S/N Contents of Check Inspection result Inspector
parts time
塔底及下部 1
1、液位计开孔口畅通，无杂物
开孔 (汽提 2
Level instrument nozzles not plugged and
蒸汽入口)以 free of debris.
下 2、人字挡板焊接牢固，固定支架连接牢固，
The amine 紧固件齐全
regenerator Y-shaped baffles are welded tightly, fixed
1 bottom and supports are connected tightly and fasteners 3
the lower are complete.
parts 3、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无裂痕无气孔
nozzles
All nozzle weld joints are in sound condition
( stripping
and free of cracks and blow holes.
steam inlet
nozzle)
1、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片
Manhole bolts, nuts and gaskets
2、压力表口
Pressure gauge nozzle
中段开孔 1
3、热电偶口
2 The middle
Thermocouple nozzle
parts
4、各抽出法兰及返塔法兰
nozzles
Flange of each fluid out and return nozzles
2
1) 3
4
1、焊接牢固，接缝处焊接符合设计要求 1
Welded tightly and the weld of the joints 2
meets the design requirements. 3
2、各开孔位置正确焊缝饱满无裂痕无气孔 4
上部及塔顶
All nozzle weld joints are in sound condition 5
开孔 and free of cracks and blow holes. 6
3 The upper 3、人孔螺栓，螺母及垫片 7
and top Manhole bolts, nuts and gaskets
parts
4、压力表口
nozzles
Pressure gauge nozzle
5、热电偶口
Thermocouple nozzle
检查部位检查时间
序号检查内容检查情况检查人
Inspection Inspection
S/N Contents of Check Inspection result Inspector
parts time
6、各抽出法兰及返塔法兰
Flange of each fluid out and return nozzles
7、塔顶安全阀
The overhead pressure relief valve
塔体保温 1、外铝皮的接口严密性伸出件周围无缝隙 2、
Amine 伸出件周围无缝隙
4 regenerator Interface tightness of outer aluminum skin 2. 1
Insulation No gap around projecting assembly parts.
检查 2、
1. Inspection 1、 2
表8-3 灭火器检查表（JCB-310-003）
Table 8-3inspection table for fire extinguishers （JCB-310-003）
Inspected unit:Signature of inspector:
检查结果
序号项目检查要点及标准整改情况
Inspection
S/N Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection Rectifications
Results
1. 灭火器铅封、保险销是否完好
Check if the car seal and the safety pin of the fire extinguisher
are intact
2. 灭火器喷射软管是否完好，有无老化破裂
Check if the injection hose of the fire extinguisher is intact and
if it is aged or cracked
3. 灭火器使用期限是否超期
Check if the fire extinguisher has expired
4. 灭火器是否被任意移动或挪作它用
灭火器 Check if the fire extinguisher has been moved or used for other
1 Fire purposes at will
Extinguisher 5. 灭火器周围是否堆放了杂物，应保持灭火器随时可以取用
的良好状态
Check if any sundries have been piled up around the fire
extinguisher. Be sure to keep the fire extinguisher in a good
state, so that it can be used at any time.
6. 灭火器要保持清洁，无灰尘、无锈蚀，胶管无断裂，严禁
碰撞，防止雨淋和阳光曝晒。
Be sure to keep the fire extinguisher clean and free of dust, rust
corrosion and fracture of rubber hose. Avoid collision of the fire
extinguisher and prevent its exposure to rain and sunshine.
表8-4 消防栓检查表（JCB-310-004 ）
Table 8-4inspection table for fire hydrants （JCB-310-004）
检查结果
Inspection
Results
1. 消防栓有编号；阀门开启灵活，阀杆上有黄油；出水口橡胶
密封圈、闷盖完好，无滴漏现象。
Make sure that the fire hydrant has a serial number, the valve
opens flexibly; there is grease on the valve stem, and the
rubber seal ring and the cover at water outlet are intact and free
of weeping and leakage.
2. 室内消火栓箱内是否保持清洁、干燥，防止锈蚀、碰伤或其
它损坏。
消防栓 Check if the inside of the indoor fire hydrant box is clean and
1 Fire dry and prevent the fire hydrant from rust corrosion, bruise or
hydrant other damage.
3. 消火栓箱及箱内装配的部件外观无破损、涂层无脱落，箱门
玻璃完好无缺。
Make sure that both the fire hydrant box and the fitting parts in
the box have no damage in appearance and no peeling of coat
and that the box door glass is intact.
4. 消火栓、供水阀门及消防卷盘等所有转动部位有无润滑油。
Make sure that all rotating parts, such as fire hydrant, water
supply valve and hose reel, have lube oil.
表8-6 火灾报警仪检查表（JCB-310-006）
Table 8-6 inspection table for fire alarming devices（JCB-310-006）
检查结果
Inspection
Results
1、报警系统各部件要感应灵敏，发生问题能及时报警。
All parts of the alarm system shall be sensitive and the system
shall send an alarm in time if any problem occurs.
2、报警系统要专人负责，并有完整的系统运行记录可供查阅。
A specially-assigned person shall be responsible for the alarm
system and complete system running records shall be kept for
review.
3、报警系统不能随意拆动，如发生问题应及时报告上级管理部门，
由提供设备的厂家专业技术人员负责检修。
火灾报警
Alarm system shall not be dismantled or moved at will. Any
仪
problem occurred shall be report to the superior management
1 Fire department in time, and maintained by the technicians of
alarming alarm system vendor.
device
4、定期检验手续是否完备
Check if the regular inspection procedures are complete.
5、手动报警按钮为火灾报警专设，严禁乱动。报警按钮周围不得
堆放杂物，应保持清洁卫生、外观完好
Random operation of the manual alarm button is prohibited
since it is specially used for fire alarm. No sundries shall be
piled up around the alarm button. Be sure to keep the alarm
button clean and good in appearance.
表8-7 公用工程站站检查表（JCB-310-007）
Table 8-7inspection table for utility stations（JCB-310-007）

检查结果
Inspection
Results
1、各公用工程站管道应保持良好，且应充满介质。
All utility station pipelines shall be maintained in sound condition
and full of fluid.
2、保温设施、补偿设施、支座等应保持良好，无损坏。
公用工程 Make sure that the insulation facility, compensation facility and
1 站 support are in sound condition without damage.
Utilities 3、管线上阀门应灵活好用，不漏气。
All valves are free to move and no leakage.
4、短管上胶带连接可靠，完好整洁。服务站各管线标识清晰完整
Hose tape is reliable, sound and free of aging and cracking. All
pipeline tags at each utility station shall be clear and intact.
表8-8 气防设施、防火隔热服检查表（JCB-310-008）
Table 8-8inspection table for gas protection facilities and fireproof & heat insulation suits
（JCB-310-008）
序检查结果
项目检查要点及标准整改情况
号 Inspection
Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection Rectifications
S/N Results
1、气瓶完好，全面罩密封完好，无发黄、硬化；镜片完好，清洁、干
净无油污。
The air cylinder shall be intact and the seal for full face mask shall be
in sound condition, without yellowing and hardening. The eye
glasses shall be in sound condition, clean and free of greasy dirt.
正压式空气呼吸
2、气瓶压力不低于 200bar。
器
Pressure of cylinder shall not less than 200bar.
Positive-pressure
气瓶外部无明显划痕。
type air respirator
There are no obvious scratches outside of the cylinder.
1 3、各连接部位的配件齐全，连接紧密、无漏气
The fittings at all connecting parts shall be complete, in tight
connection and free of gas leakage.
1、罩体橡皮表面无发黄、硬化、无油污、砂眼、裂纹，拉伸放松后能
迅速复原，牢固，导管无堵塞，金属部分无变型，生锈、裂纹，镜片
长管式呼吸器无破碎、透明好。
Long-tube Rubber surface of the hood shall be free of yellowing, hardening,
respirator greasy dirt, blisters and cracks, and shall recover quickly after
stretching relaxation and be secure. The air guide tube shall not be
blocked. The metal part shall be free of deformation, rust corrosion
and cracks. The eye glasses shall not be broken and shall be highly
transparent.
序检查结果
项目检查要点及标准整改情况
号 Inspection
Item Key Points and Standards for Inspection Rectifications
S/N Results
2、导气管无孔洞、裂纹、拉伸后能复原、螺纹无生锈、变形、橡皮垫
圈完好，连接紧密。
Air guide tube shall be without holes and cracks and shall recover
after stretching. All threads shall be without rust corrosion and
deformation. Rubber gasket shall be in sound condition and tightly
connected.
3、存放处便于取用。
Store at a place that is easy for use.
便携式安全检测 1、班组配发的便携式安全检测报警器进行交接，保证好用。
报警 Handover of portable safety detectors when shift. Make sure that it is
Portable safety in sound condition.
2
detection & alarm
2、班组在使用时要严格按照产品说明书使用。
apparatus
Using detectors strict accordance with the specification.
防火隔热服 1、各防火隔热服是否完好，件数是否准确外观是否清洁、完好
3 Fireproof heat Check if all fireproof & heat insulation suits are in sound condition,
insulation suit correct in quantity, and clean and complete in appearance.
8.2 长期操作规定
Long-term Operating Provisions
8.2.1 工艺长期工作：
Long-term Work of Process
一般情况下每周一白班对闪蒸罐（310-V01）进行排油，每次巡检时检查集油
槽油位情况，发现油位过高时及时排油，方法见“闪蒸罐排油操作规定”
Generally, draining oil for rich amine flash drum （310-V01） should be carried out on
each Monday day shift. Check the level of 310-V01 during each tour-inspection, and
drain the oil once the oil level is too high. Method refers to operating regulation for
draining oil of rich amine flash drum (310-V01).
8.2.2 设备长期工作：
Long-term Work of Equipment:
每班进行一次关键设备检查，方法见“关键设备操作规定”；
Each shift carries out an inspection of essential equipment, and method refers to
operating regulation of essential equipment;
每班进行一次空冷风机检查，方法见“空冷风机操作规定”；
Each shift carries out an inspection of air cooling fan, and method refers to operating
regulation of air cooling fan;
每班进行一次普通泵检查，方法见“普通泵操作规定”。
Each shift carries out an inspection of conventional pump, and method refers to
operating regulation of conventional pump.
8.2.3 采样长期工作：
Long-term Work of Sampling:

表8-9 取样表
Table 8-9sampling table
序号取样地点分析项目分析次数备注
S/N Sampling point Analysis item Analysis times Remarks
贫液泵（310-P04）出口
贫液采样器
方法见“贫富液采样规定”
Lean amine sampler at 每班一次
1 H2S. CO2. MDEA Method refers to lean and rich
discharge of amine Once per shift
amine sampling
circulation pumps
（310-P04）
富液泵出口管（310-P01）
采样器方法见“贫富液采样规定”
每天一次
2 The rich amine pumps H2S. CO2. MDEA Method refers to lean and rich
Once per day
discharge sampler amine sampling
（310-P01）
8.2.4 安全环保长期工作：
Long-term Work of Safety and Environmental Protection
同（8.1.3 安全环保定期工作）
Same as (8.1.3 Regular Work of Safety and Environmental Protection)
附操作规定如下：
Operation provisions:
闪蒸罐（310-V01）排油操作规定
Operating regulation for draining oil of rich amine flash drum （310-V01）
[P]– 每次巡检时检查胺处理闪蒸罐集油槽的油位，
[P]– Check the level of 310-V01 during each tour-inspection.
[P]– 打通闪蒸罐排油流程
[P]– Unblock the oil draining pipeline of rich amine flash drum.
[P]– 慢慢打开闪蒸罐集油槽排油阀
[P]– Slowly open the oil drain valve of rich amine flash drum.
[P]– 观察集油槽液位计，油排完后关闭排油阀
[P]– Observe the level of oil boot and close the oil drain valve after oil is discharged
completely.
[P]– 关闭闪蒸罐排油流程
[P]– Block the oil draining pipeline of rich amine flash drum.
关键设备操作规定
Operating Regulation of Essential Equipment
1）检查塔底泵 310-P03 的运行情况，如温度、压力、电流、震动、声音是否良好，及

机泵的冷却、润滑系统是否良好。
Check the running conditions of lean amine pumps (310-P03), including whether
temperature, pressure, current, vibration and noise are in normal conditions and if
the cooling and lube system of the pump are in sound condition.
空冷风机操作规定
Operating Regulation of Air Cooling Fan
1) 检查电机的接地线是否完好；
Check of perfection of motor ground wire;
2）检查叶片是否良好；
Check if all blades are in good condition;
3）检查皮带松紧程度，是否有脱落损坏现象；
Inspection of tightness degree of belt and if it has fallen off or broken down;
4）检查管束有无弯曲现象，管箱有无变形。
Check if the tube bundles are bent and if the tube box is deformed;
5）检查排污油线阀是否泄漏
check whether valves on slop oil drain pipeline is leakage.
普通泵操作规定
Operating Regulation of Conventional Pump
1）检查机泵的运行情况，如温度、压力、电流、震动、声音是否良好，及机
泵的冷却、润滑系统、氮封系统是否良好；
Check the running conditions of pumps, including whether temperature, pressure,
current, vibration and noise are in normal condition and if the cooling system, lube
system and nitrogen sealing system of pumps are in sound condition;
2）要求备用机泵每日 9：00 前盘车一次，轴转动 540°，盘车人员为白班机

泵保运人员。
Standby pumps are required to barring once before 9:00am every day with axles
rotating 540° and barring staffs are required to be pump maintenance personnel on
day shift duty.
3）对停运的压缩机等机组执行相应的机组盘车的规定。
The corresponding machinery regulation for barring should be carried out for the
machinery such as the compressors in shutdown condition.
9 仪表控制系统操作法
INSTRUMENT CONTROL SYSTEM OPERATION METHOD
9.1 DCS 系统概述

Overview of DCS System
设计依据：可行性研究报告，STP 提供的 ITB 文件，设计统一规定。

Design basis: feasibility study report, ITB package of STP Company and instrument
design specification
本装置自动控制水平设计原则：采用先进、可靠、经济的仪表和控制技术，保
证装置长周期安全运行，尽量减少工艺操作人员和仪表维护人员。
Design principles for automatic control level of units: Adopt advanced, reliable and
economical instrument and control technologies to guarantee long-term and safe
operation of units and minimize the number of operators and maintenance personnel for
instrument.
根据胺处理装置的特点和安全生产要求，设置：控制系统 DCS、安全联锁保
护系统 SIS、机组监控系统 MMS、火气监控系统 F&GS。
According to features of amine treating unit and requirements of safe production, DCS,
SIS, MMS and F&GS has been designed for this unit.
装置内主要过程变量均进入 DCS，进行显示、调节、记录、报警。机泵的运
行状态进入 DCS 进行显示，重要的机泵运行电气参数进行指示。通过 DCS 实
现对生产装置的控制和操作，并为实现全厂计算机信息管理和生产调度建立基
础。
The main process variables in units are all sent to DCS for display, regulation, record
and alarm. Operating conditions of pumps are displayed in DCS as well as important
operating electric parameters of pumps. Production units are controlled and operated
by DCS, which provides basis for computer information management and production
scheduling of the whole plant.
该装置设一套安全仪表系统 SIS，负责装置的联锁保护，保证装置生产安全。
The unit is equipped with a set of SIS, which is used for interlock protection of the unit to
guarantee safe production of the unit.
该装置设一套火气报警系统 F&GS，用以监控全装置的火灾、可燃气体泄漏等。
The unit is equipped with a set of F&GS, which is used to monitor fire, leakage of
combustible gas and other conditions of the whole unit.
9.2 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明及工艺控制流程图（P&ID）
Logic Control Description and Piping & Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
9.2.1 主要工艺操作仪表逻辑控制说明
Logic Control Description of Main Process Operating Instruments
(1) 再生塔底 0.24MPa 蒸汽流量控制

The flow control of amine regenerator reboiler 0.24MPa steam
再生塔底 0.24MPa 蒸汽进入再生塔底重沸器 310-E02AB 流量通过进入再

生塔富液流量 310-FI-019 与蒸汽流量调节器 310-FI-012A/B 串级控制调节
来实现。
The flowrate control of 0.24MPa steam for amine regenerator reboiler is achieved
by the cascade control of rich amine feeding flowrate 310-FI-019 and steam
flowrate adjusting 310-FI-012A/B.
(2) 再生塔顶压力控制
Pressure Control of Amine Regenerator
再生塔顶压力控制通过酸性气分液罐 310-V02 顶酸性气抽出阀
310-PV-063B 阀位开度进行控制。
The overhead pressure of amine regenerator is controlled by the opening degree of
the control valve 310-PV-063B at the top of amine regenerator reflux drum.
(3) 再生塔顶温度控制
Temperature Control of Amine Regenerator
再生塔顶温度控制通过酸性气分液罐 310-V02 回流泵出口回流量
310-FIC-014 及塔顶酸性气抽出量控制阀 310-PV-063B 控制。
The overhead temperature of amine regenerator is controlled by the reflux flowrate
310-FIC-014 and the control valve 310-PV-063B at the top of amine regenerator
(sour gas sends out rate).
(4) 再生塔液位控制
Level Control of Amine regenerator
通过 310-LIC026 控制塔底抽出贫液量，来控制再生塔的液位，单回路控
制。
Level of amine regenerator is controlled by adjusting the lean amine bottom rate of
amine regenerator 310-LIC-026, which is a single-loop control.
9.2.2 管道仪表流程图
Piping and Instruments Diagram （P&ID）
310 胺处理装置的 P&ID 图另见设计图纸（14089-03310-B-100~254）

P&ID diagram of amine treating unit （ 310 ） refers to drawings
（14089-03310-B-100~254）.
10 安全生产及环境保护
PRODUCTION SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
注：本章节为基本的安全生产及环境保护要求，具体情况以 NRL 的相关规定

为准。
NOTE: This chapter is general production safety and environmental production
regulations, and NRL’s regulation related to this should be subjected.
10.1 安全规定
Safety Regulations
10.1.1 安全生产基本原则
Basic Principles ForSafety Production
1．凡是本装置的员工都必须严格执行 NRL 公司各项 HSE 规定和要求。

All the staffs operating the unit must strictly abide by HSE provisions and
requirements of the NRL Company.
2．岗位操作人数不得低于定员编制。
The number of operators for posts shall not be less than a fixed number.
3．对进入本装置的员工都必须进行安全知识和技能教育，上岗前必须进
行安全、岗位技能考试，考试合格取得《上岗证》、《安全作业证》才
能上岗作业。按期对热工岗位、热工水质化验员进行上岗证鉴定。装
置一年举办一次安全常识和技能考试，考试不合格人员离岗培训。
Staff operating the unit must be trained for safety knowledge and skills, and
will not take their posts until they obtain Work Certificate and Work Safety
Certificate after passing through the safety and post skill test which must be
carried out before work. Authenticate the work license of the thermo technical
position and laboratory technician of thermo technical water quality periodically.
The unit shall held safety knowledge and skills test once a year. Those who fail
the examination shall leave the position and receive training.
4．岗位人员（操作人员、管理人员）都必须熟知自己职责范围内的生产
安全检查内容，并积极检查，对查出的问题立即进行处理，需专业维
护单位处理的，及时联系相关单位，向装置汇报并做好记录。
Personnel on posts (operator and manager) must know production safety
inspection contents within their own responsibilities well, actively check the
production safety and handle immediately problems found, and in case of any
problem that can only be solved by professional maintenance department,
should contact immediately and report to such department of the unit, and
make a record.
5．防雷、防汛，人员防暑，防火、防爆、防静电、防中毒、防滑、防跌
等检查随时进行，对查出的问题不能过夜，需向上级汇报的事件不能
隐瞒。
Lightning protection, flood prevention, personnel heatstroke prevention, fire
protection, explosion protection, electrostatic prevention, poisoning prevention,
skid prevention and fall over prevention at any time. Do not leave found
problems to be solved to next day, and do not hide any events that shall be
reported to the superior.
6．岗位操作人员必须严格执行交接班制度、安全巡回检查制度。
Operators on posts must strictly abide by the handover system and the patrol
inspection system for safety.
7．每个岗位操作人员都必须熟练掌握岗位操作技能、事故应急处理预案。
生产过程控制、故障处理和各种作业都必须严格执行岗位责任制、装
置管理制度、操作规程、工艺卡片及事故处理预案。
Operator on each post must know the post operation skill and the emergency
accident handling plan well. The control in the process of production, fault
handling and all kinds of the operations must strictly follow work post
responsibility, operation specification, process card and accident handling
plan.
8．生产过程控制，任何时候都不能超工艺卡片指标。
The production process shall be controlled, to make sure that parameters will
not exceed indexes on the process card at any time.
9．进入作业现场的人员都必须戴安全帽、穿工作服、穿平底且不带铁钉
的鞋。为防止绞伤，女工必须将长发盘在安全帽内。
Personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets, work suits
and flat-soled shoes without iron nails. In order to prevent injury, woman
workers need to set their long hair in the safety helmet.
10．岗位操作人员都必须会使用安全防护设施和消防设施。
Operators on each post must be capable of using safety facilities and
fire-fighting facilities.
11．现场进行小包装催化剂的装料或卸料时必须戴防尘口罩、防风眼镜。
Operators on site who carry out the loading or unloading of catalysts in small
packages must wear dust masks and wind glasses.
12．用好固定式硫化氢和可燃气体检测报警仪。容器脱水时用好便携式硫
化氢和可燃气体检测报警仪。
Correctly use fixed hydrogen sulfide and combustible gas detection alarm.
During the dehydration of vessels, portable hydrogen sulfide and combustible
gas detection alarms shall be used.
13．开、停工时严格按开停工方案进行。
The startup and shutdown of the unit shall be carried out strictly in accordance
with the schemes.
14．定期对消防设施，气防器具检查，确保防护设施完好备用。
Check fire-fighting facilities and anti-gas apparatuses regularly to make sure
that these protection facilities are intact and ready for use.
15．对高温部位定期进行热点检查，如有热点必须定期监测并做好记录，
向上级汇报。
Check for hot spots in the high-temperature section regularly. If hot spots are
detected, they shall be regularly monitored. Make related records and report to
the superiors.
16．发生紧急停电、停风、停水、停蒸汽，按操作规程中处理方法控制操
作；发生泄漏、着火、爆炸等事故，按装置事故应急预案处理。
Handle situations as emergency power failure, air failure, water and steam
supply according to the handling methods and controlling operations in the
operating regulation. And handle leakage, fire, explosion and other accidents
according to the emergency accident plan of the unit.
10.1.2 装置安全生产规定
Regulations for Safe Production
1．严禁携带火种及其他易燃易爆物品进入装置，装置内任何部位禁止吸
烟。
Entering the unit with carrying kindling or other flammables and explosives is
prohibited; smoking in any part inside the unit is prohibited.
2．严禁用汽油擦洗衣物，工具，设备，地面等，特殊用油持安全证明或
许可证方可进行。严禁本单位即外单位任何人员将石油产品送与他人
使用。
Scrubbing clothes, tools, equipment or the ground with gasoline is prohibited;
oil usage under special conditions is not allowed unless a safety certificate or
license is obtained. No one is allowed to deliver petroleum products to others.
3．严禁穿戴钉子鞋进入装置，严禁用黑色金属等易产生火花的物品敲击
设备。拆装易燃易爆物料设备是应使用防暴工具。
Entering the unit in spiked shoes is prohibited; tapping equipment with articles
easy to produce sparks including the ferrous metal is prohibited.
Anti-explosion tools shall be used when handling flammable and explosive
materials and equipment.
4．在易燃易爆场所不能穿纤维衣服，以防产生静电火花。
Wearing fibrous clothes in flammable and explosive area is not allowed, so as
to prevent generating electrostatic spark.
5．进入装置内的各种机动车辆应办理通行证，设备检修用火，根据用火
类别办理火票，严格执行用火管理制度。
All kinds of vehicles entering the unit shall have passes; as for fire for
equipment overhaul, fire tickets shall be handled according to fire usage and
the fire management system shall be strictly implemented.
6．高温设备管线上不能烘烤食品及各类易燃物品。
It is forbidden to bake food and various inflammable goods on
high-temperature pipelines and equipment.
7．不许随便拆卸管线，法兰，不准随便排放油品，物料等。
It is forbidden to disassemble pipelines and flanges or discharge oil, materials,
etc. at will.
8．严禁用水和蒸汽冲洗电机，电缆，电器开关等电器设备。
It is forbidden to flush electrical equipment with water and steam, such as
motor, cable and electric switch.
9．设备不能超温超压超速超负荷运行。
Equipment cannot be operated in over-temperature, over-pressure,
over-speed or overload condition.
10．设备检修必须办理作业票，机动设备检修必须切断电源，仪表检修必
须切手动。
Equipment maintenance must be carried out with job permit, rotating
equipment maintenance must be carried out in power-off condition, and
instrument maintenance must be carried out with manual mode.
11．按压力容器管理规定，加强安全阀的管理，定期检。
（起跳后要重新检
验）
Strengthen the management of pressure relief valve and regularly perform
inspection as per pressure vessel management regulations; (Re-inspection
shall be carried out in case of relief of pressure relief valve)
12．消防栓、消防炮、灭火器、安全抢险物品不能随便挪用，不能损坏定
期检查，，保证灵活好用；消防通道要保持畅通。
It is not allowed to feel free to use fire hydrant, fire monitor, fire extinguisher
and security and rescue items. And it is not allowed to damage their regular
inspection, instead, ensuring that they are flexible and easy to use. Besides,
fire engine access should be kept unblocked.
13．工作中不能脱岗、串岗、看报、看书，不做与生产无关的事情。
In work time, it not allowed to leave post, to go to others post, to read
newspapers or books or to do some things that are unrelated to production.
10.1.3 装置开工安全规定
Safety Regulations for Startup
1．要认真细致地检查工程质量是否合格、工艺流程是否畅通，检查设备是否
完好，安全设施、卫生条件等是否达到装置开工条件。
Carefully check whether the construction quality is qualified, technical process is
unobstructed, equipment is in sound condition, and safety facilities, sanitary
conditions and others meet requirements for commissioning and startup.
2．在设备、管线经过吹扫、冲洗、试压，单机试运、水联运符合要求后，开
工投料前彻底打扫装置的环境卫生。
After equipment and pipeline are purged, flushing, and undergo pressure test, and
meets requirements of commissioning with water，clean up the unit thoroughly
before commissioning and startup.
3．所有设备、阀门、法兰、管线都要处于良好状态，变通流程，各排空、放
空全部关死，安全阀底部阀全部投用，并打铅封。机泵润滑油端面密封要
良好，冷却水要畅通，仪表灵活好用、准确。
All equipment, valves, flanges and pipelines shall be in a good condition. Modifying
process and closing all blowoff valves and vent valves, put the valves in front of
pressure relief valve into service with car seal. The lube oil of the pump shall be
good in interface surface sealing, the flow path of cooling water shall be
unobstructed and the instrument shall be flexible, accurate and easy to use.
4．检查全部容器液面报警器是否好用。
Check whether all level alarms of containers are intact to use.
5．要求消防设施齐全好用，位置适当。
Fire protection facilities shall be complete and intact to use and they are set at a
proper place.
6．要与有关单位做好联系工作。
Keep a good contact with related units.
7．要有详细的开工方案。开工方案要经过各部门审核，并在开工过程中严格
执行。
The detailed commissioning and startup plan shall be prepared, reviewed by each
department and executed strictly during commissioning and startup.
8．反应炉、尾气炉点火要严格按照点炉操作规程进行。点火前要进行彻底检
查，保证流程畅通、安全附件齐全投用，已经过氮、风吹扫，废锅（点反
应炉时）已上水到规定液面，点火过程一定要严格按点火逻辑程序进行。
The ignition of reaction furnace and tail-gas furnace shall strictly in accordance with
the operating regulation on lighting furnace. An overhaul should be carry out before
lighting so as to ensure that the processes are unblocked, all completed safety
accessories are put into service and already purged with nitrogen and air, besides,
water of the waste heat boiler (when light reaction furnace) has already been
added to a regulated level and that the lighting process have to base on the logical
program for lighting strictly.
10.1.4 装置停工检修安全规定
Safety Regulations for Shutdown and Maintenance
1．装置停工检修前必须制定安全措施。要制订详细的管线设备蒸汽吹方案，
吹扫要细致，加盲板要有人专门负责编号登记以便开工时拆除；下水井、
地漏必须用水或蒸汽冲扫干净并封严。
The safety measures shall be formulated before shutdown the unit for maintenance.
The detailed steam purging process of pipeline and equipment shall be formulated
at the same time. The purging work shall be done meticulously. Special person
shall be assigned to number and register blinds so that they can be dismantled in
time when commissioning and startup. The water well and floor drain must be
cleaned up and sealed with water or steam.
2．塔、容器等大设备检修，要用蒸汽按规定时间吹扫，吹扫后设备蒸汽入口
阀后加盲板；温度降低以后，由上而下拆卸人孔盖；以防烫伤、自燃着火
或爆炸。
When inspecting and repairing large equipment like columns and vessels, purge
them with steam in accordance with the time required. After purging, add blinds at
the back of the steam inlet valve of the unit. Dismantle the manhole cover from the
top to the bottom after the temperature drop down so as to prevent scald,
spontaneous ignition or explosion.
3．凡通入塔、炉、罐容器的蒸汽应有专人管理，严禁随便开动，本装置与外
单位可燃介质连接管线要打上盲板，防止串气爆炸。
Special people shall be assigned to manage steam inlet to containers including

strippers, furnaces and tanks. Strictly prohibit starting these containers at will. The
pipeline connecting this unit to the external combustible medium shall be added the
blind in case of explosion caused by back flow.
4．凡要检修的电机，风机等设备，必须切断电源。
The equipment including motor and blower fan which needs maintenance shall be
powered off.
5．在拆卸设备前，必须经上级负责人检查，对所有的油、汽、风、水、瓦斯
管线看是否处理干净，经允许后，方准拆卸，以防残压伤人或油水流出污
染工地，严禁在地面、钢架、平台上放污油。
Before dismantling equipment, the superior director must conduct inspection to see
whether all oil, steam, air, water, fuel gas pipelines are clean. After being approved,
the dismantling work can be done. To prevent the residual pressure hurts people or
oil and water outflow to pollute the working site, it is strictly prohibited to put slop oil
on the ground, steel frame and platform.
6．塔炉和其他容器检修时，临时照明灯应采用胶质软线（不能有破损）低压
（≤12 伏）安全灯，以防触电。
The temporary illuminators shall be LP (12 v or less) approved lamp made from
colloid soft line (without any breakage) when inspecting and repairing strippers,
furnaces and other containers, in case of electric shock.
7．凡进塔、炉或其它容器、电缆沟、下水井等有限空间内作业，必须具备以
下条件：在气体分析检验合格办理完作业证，保持通风、有必要的安全
措施（如要戴安全帽、防毒面具，外边有人看护）；另外，时间不得过长，
时间长时要轮换工作，严防中毒、窒息及其他事故发生。
When carry out operations in those confined spaces as column , furnace or other
vessels, cable chute, sewage pit and so on, must meet following conditions: When
the operation certificate is acquired subject to satisfactory gas analysis and
inspection, keep proper ventilation and take necessary safety measures (including
wearing a helmet, gas mask, someone staying outside for caring). Besides, the
time for staying that equipment shall not be too long. In case of the time is too long,
it should change shifts so as to prevent poisoning, stifling and other accidents.
8．凡进入检修现场的人员一律戴安全帽，高空作业在 2 米以上，必须系安全
带和携带工具袋；卸下零件螺栓等要摆齐，不用的废料及时清理拿走；高
空吊物要做到“一看”、“二叫”、“三放下”。
All personnel who are at the inspecting and repairing site shall wear a helmet.
Those who work high above 2 meters must wear a safety belt and carry a tool bag.
The components, bolts and others unloaded shall be put in order and the waste out
of use shall be cleared away in time. When it comes to hoisting things to the high
altitude, the following three things shall be done: “firstly, observe” "secondly, call"
and “thirdly, lay down”.
9．装置内需要用电、用火及机动车辆进入装置时，要严格执行用电、用火管
理制度，以及用火现场乙炔瓶与氧气瓶摆放防爆安全规定。
When it needs to use electricity, fire and motor vehicles to get into the units, it
should strictly execute the management systems for using electricity and fire, and
the safety anti-explosion regulations for the placement of acetylene cylinders and
oxygen cylinders at the fire using spot.
10.1.5 防雷电、静电和触电规定
Regulations for Preventing Lightning, Static and Electric Shock
1．炉、塔、罐等设备和建筑物必须有防雷电设施，导电性能好，必须符合规
范。
The buildings and facilities including furnaces, strippers and tanks shall possess
facilities for lightning protection, feature good electrical conductivity and conform to
regulations.
2．容器进油时，不得冲速过猛，并有良好静电接地设施。
Do not introduce oil to containers at a fast speed. The container shall possess good
static grounding facilities.
3．操作工检查运转电器设备时，应先用手背触之外壳是否触电后，才可用手
掌面检查，检查时要穿胶鞋。
When checking electrical equipment which is running, the operator shall check with
the palm of the hand after touching the outside shell with the back of the hand to
feel whether he gets an electric shock and the rubber boot shall be wore.
4．容器内作业时，临时照明、通风机的电源线要保护好，不得与设备边角摩
擦，防止触电。
When working inside the vessel, the power wire of temporary illuminators and
fanners shall be protected well, without rubbing with the sideline and corner of
equipment, so as to prevent an electric shock.
5．在干燥的容器中照明电压不得超过 36V，在潮湿的容器中照明电压不得超
过 12V。
The lighting voltage in the dry container shall not be more than 36V and that in the
wet container shall not be more than 12V.
10.1.6 设备安全技术规定
Safety Regulations for Equipment
1．反应炉、尾气炉炉膛温度不得超过设计值。
The temperature of reaction furnace and tail-gas furnace shall not more than the
design value.
2．浮头式换热器单向受热温差应在 130℃以下，固定管板换热器不允许单向
受热。
One-way heating temperature difference of floating head heat exchanger shall be
below 130℃. However, one-way heating is not allowed for fixed tube-sheet heat
exchanger.
3．设备安全阀必须灵活好用，定压正确，不能任意调整定压值，或改变安全
阀规格或降低安全阀排泄能力。
The pressure relief valve of equipment must be flexible. It must be set at a correct
pressure value, prohibited to regulate the set pressure value at random or change
the specification or drop down the discharge capacity of it.
4．换热器、塔器及容器检修后，要进行试压，试压按规定进行，法兰泄漏，
必须降压后处理。
After being inspected and repaired, the hydraulic test for the heat
exchanger, column and vessel shall be conducted. Test pressure shall
be in accordance with regulations. The leakage in flanges must be dealt
with after depressurization.
5．高温系统阀门，盘根垫片材质要按规定使用。
The materials of valves of high temperature systems and packing gaskets shall be
used in accordance with regulations.
6．装置内可燃气浓度大的地方，要使用防爆电动机，灯具开关接线盒的容器
设备，应具有良好的外壳接地和静电接地。
The anti-explosion electromotor shall be used at the location where oil
consistency is heavy. The containers in the switch junction box of
luminaire shall possess good earth of casing and electrostatic
grounding.
10.1.7 防止中毒窒息规定
Regulations for Preventing Poisoning and Suffocation
1 在有中毒及窒息危险的环境下作业，必须指派监护人。
The guardian must be assigned when working in the environment with the
poisoning and suffocation hazards.
2 操作人员作业前必须接受防毒急救安全知识教育。
The operators must receive the education on anti-poison and first aid.
3 在有中毒和窒息环境作业时，必须佩带可靠的劳动防护用品。
The reliable labor protection apparatus shall be wore when working in the
environment with the poisoning and suffocation hazards.
4 进入含有毒有害气体或缺氧环境的有限空间内作业时，应将与其相通的管
道加盲板隔绝。
When entering the toxic environment with harmful gas or limited space to work, all
the pipelines connection with space or environment have to be isolated with blinds.
5 对有毒或有窒息危险的岗位，要进行风险评价并制订应急计划和配备必要
的劳动防护用品。
As for the post with toxic and suffocation hazards, the risk evaluation shall be
conducted, the emergency plan shall be formulated, and the necessary labor
protection articles shall be equipped.
6 要定期对有毒有害场所进行检测，采取措施，使之符合国家标准。
The poisonous and harmful sites shall be tested regularly and measures shall be
taken to make them meet the national standards.
7 对各类有毒物品和防毒器具必须有专人管理，并定期检查。
All kinds of toxic substances and gas defense facility must be managed by
specially-assigned person and checked regularly.
8 检测毒害物质的设备、仪器要定期检查、校验，保持完好。
Equipment and instruments for toxic substances inspecting shall be checked and
calibrated regularly, and shall be kept intact.
9 发生人员中毒、窒息时，处理及救护及时、方法正确。
The personnel are poisoned and suffocated, the treatment and rescue shall be
timely and correctly in case of poisoning and suffocation
10 健全有毒物质管理制度并严格执行。
A system of toxic substance management shall be perfected and strictly
implemented.
10.1.8 安全防火制度
Regulations for Fireproof
1、消防器材要达到齐全、好用、做到人人会使用。
Fire equipment shall be complete and easy to use, and everyone is acquainted
with how to use.
2、认真执行工艺纪律及冬季操作法，。加强检查，确保安全生产。
Earnestly implement the process discipline and enhance inspection to ensure
safety production.
3、禁止用汽油及轻烃擦洗设备。
Prohibit washing equipment with gasoline or light oil.
4、动火必须按厂区动火规定进行。
The hot work should be conducted according to the regulations on using fire within
factory area.
5、无施工方案及事故预案，不准任意拆卸盲板或动用新设备。
It is not allowed to dismantle any blind or put new equipment in service without
construction schemes and accident plan.
6、禁止穿带有铁钉的鞋及化纤衣物进入装置。
Prohibit entering the unit with shoes with iron nails or man-made fibers clothing.
7、在装置内禁用不防爆的通讯器材。
Prohibit using communication equipment without explosion-proof design.
8、发现火情时，根据火源及火势立即做出正确的判断并决定是否报火警
（119）。
In case of fire, make a right judgment according to the fire source and fire behavior
immediately and decide whether to call the firefighter (119).
9、确保消防水系统的备用和报警器材的完好在用状态，定期进行演练和试用。
Make sure the standby of the fire water system and fire alarm equipment are in a
good condition, conduct the exercise and test-run regularly.
10.1.9 化学危险品安全管理制度
Regulations for Safety Management of Hazardous Chemical
1 岗位人员必须熟知物品的危险性质，预防措施。
Postholders must be familiar with the hazardous nature of the item and the
preventive measures.
2 岗位上必须配备相应的安全消防设施和防护器材。
The corresponding firefighting facilities and protective equipment must be
equipped for the post.
3 储存和保管化学危险品必须进行验收登记，并定期检查。
Storage and preservation of the hazardous chemical must be registered upon the
acceptance and should be checked regularly.
4 储存化学危险物品的场所必须有泄漏报警设施。
The places where hazardous chemicals are stored must be equipped with
leakagedetectors.
5 化学危险物品不准超量充装，流速不得大于规定值。
Hazardous chemicals shall not be excessively loaded and the velocity shall not be
greater than the specified value.
6 装卸和运输化学危险物品要轻拿轻放，防止撞击、磨擦、拖拉、重压和倾
倒。
For loading, unloading and transporting hazardous chemicals handle with care and
prevent from being impacted, rubbed, dragged, pressed and dumped heavily.
7 岗位人员要精心操作，按时巡检，发现泄漏及时进行处理。
Postholders shall conduct carefully operation and inspection on time. Once
leakage, it shall be handled timely.
8 发生泄漏事故时要正确选用防护用具和用品，防止中毒窒息。
In case ofleakage accident, choose protective equipment and supplies correctly to
prevent poisoning and suffocating.
9 发生事故时本着先救人后救灾的原则。
When the accident occurs, the principle of “people first” should be abided by.
10 发生事故后要及时清理残留物，减少环境污染。
The residue shall be removed timely after the accident to minimize environmental
pollution.
10.1.10 消防设施管理规定
Regulations for Firefighting Facilities
1 总则
General
第一条加强对各类消防设施的管理，建立、健全各级管理责任制和维护保
养责任制，确保消防设施完好。
Article I Strengthen the management of all kinds of fire protection facilities.
Establish and improve the management responsibility system at various levels and
maintenance responsibility system to make sure that fire protection facilities are in
a good condition.
第二条各类消防设施，包括消防水泵房、各类固定式消防设施和各种小型
移动式消防器材等都必须严格执行本规定。
Article II All kinds of fire protection facilities, including fire water pump room, all
kinds of fixed fire protection facilities and various small portable fire fighting
equipment must strictly conform to this Regulation.
第三条工艺操作、装置检修等有关人员对本岗位、本装置的消防设施要做
到会维护保养、会使用。
Article III Personnel related to process operation, maintenance of the unit shall be
able to maintain and use fire protection facilities at the working siteof this unit. .
消防设施的管理要纳入安全管理和设备管理工作中，设专人负责。建立消
防设施台帐，定期对消防设施的维护、保养、试验、称重、药剂更换补充
等工作进行监督检查。
The management of fire protection facilities shall be included in the management of
safety and equipment and special people shall be assigned for that. Establish the
account on fire protection facilities and check the maintenance, commissioning,
weigh, replacement and supplement of the agent regularly.
(3) 装置内固定消防设施的管理
The Management of Fixed Fire Protection Facilities in Plants
1、要加强对装置内固定消防设施的管理，按期进行试验；做到不堵、不
漏，消防水炮、消火栓要经常试验，使之处于完好状态。
Strengthen management for fixed fire protection facilities in plants and conduct
tests regularly to achieve non-clogging and non-leakage, the fire hydrants and
water monitors should be tested regularly so as to keepthem in sound
condition.
2、加强装置内固定消防设施的维护保养，经常检查并定期做防腐处理。
对消防系统上的阀门、喷嘴等要经常检查、清理，损坏的要及时更换，
确保零部件齐全、灵活、好用。
Strengthen maintenance and inspection for fixed fire protection facilities in
plants, as well as regular anti-corrosive treatment. To ensure complete,
flexible and free to move, components, equipment including the valve, nozzle
of fire protection system needs to be inspected, cleaned, and changed if
damages exist.
小型移动式消防器材的管理
The management of small mobile fire fighting equipment
3、小型移动式消防器材是扑救初期火灾的必备工作，必须加强管理，不
得随便挪用。
Strengthen management for small mobile fire fighting equipment require and it
shall not be moved to other places and used for other purposes since it is the
key equipment in initial firefighting.
4、小型移动式消防器材要按消防设计规范的要求进行配备，设立消防器
材棚（箱），并设有专人维护保养。
Small mobile fire equipment should be installed according to the requirements

of codes for firefighting design, and should be equipped with firefighting booth
(box), and maintained by dedicated people.
5、按照各种移动式消防器材的使用要求，按期更换药剂，并做好铅封。
在器材上要标明更换日期，以便进行检查。
Change agents regularly and put lead seal in right position according to
operating requirements of various mobile firefighting equipment. Mark out the
date for replacement for the convenience of inspection.
10.2 本装置历史上发生的主要典型事故、处理方法及教训
Historical Accidents of Similar Plant
由于本装置是新建装置，因此不存在历史上发生任何事故。现列举其他炼厂相
关装置的一些典型事故。
There is no accident happening in plant’s history since it is a newly-built one. Typical
accidents of other refineries are listed below.
10.2.1 处理险情麻痹大意，险些丧命
Handling Dangerous Situations Carelessly
事故情况：
Accident description:
1983 年 2 月 2 日二班，锦州石化公司排水车间因临时停产检修，在排放硫化
氢缓冲罐返回液时，大量硫化氢从 1＃进料泵排凝阀漏出，熊某和当班人员在
没戴防毒面具的情况下，凭憋一口气进入泵房关阀。当想再一次吸气时就赶紧
往外跑，从泵房出来只跑五六步，便“闪电式”摔倒昏死过去，几分钟后醒来，
面部及牙齿严重摔伤。
Water discharge workshop of Jinzhou Petrochemical Company carried out a temporary
shutdown for overhaul during the second shift on February 2, 1983. When discharging
return liquid of surge drum of hydrogen sulfide, a large number of hydrogen sulfide
leaking from drain valves of 1＃ feed pump. At that time, only with one breath hold, Mr.
Xiong and the one-duty staffs, not wearing gas masks, got into the pump room to close
valves. When they want to take a breath again, they have no choice but run out of the
room hastily. Unluckily, they just suddenly fell down and fainted only five to six steps
distant from the pump room. Several minutes later they woke up, but their faces and
teeth were severely injured.
事故的严重后果：人员受伤，险些丧命。
Serious consequences of the accident: Staffs got injured and nearly died.
事故原因：
(1) 安全意识淡薄，对硫化氢的毒性认识不足，没戴防毒面具就去处理险情。
Accident cause:
Less safety awareness, their cognition for the poisonousness of hydrogen sulfide is not
sufficient, and another reason is that they did not wear gas masks when they went to
handle the dangerous situations.
(2) 工艺走向不合理，返回液管线不应和泵房、泵相通。
The process routing is not reasonable for the pipelines of the return liquid should
not be connected with pumps in pump room.
预防措施及教训：
(1) 加强岗位人员的安全教育，提高对硫化氢危害性的认识，了解和掌握防护
措施。
Preventive measures and lessons should be learned:
(1) Strengthen safety educations for persons on posts, improve cognitions for hazard of
hydrogen sulfide and to learn and master protective measures.
(2) 改进工艺流程，按安全标准设计。
Improve process and to design it according to the safety standard.
10.2.2 不戴防护器具，硫化氢中毒伤亡
Casualty of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning Caused by no Protection
Appliances
事故情况：
1996 年 11 月 7 日 19 时 20 分，抚顺石油化工公司石油三厂硫磺车间焚烧炉
熄灭，班长与一名岗位工人去重新点火。到现场后，因接触硫化氢气体发生中
毒，在撤离现场时，工人从 2.4m 高的斜梯上跌落下来，造成脑外伤死亡；班
长中毒跑下斜梯时摔倒受轻伤。
19:20 p.m. on November 7, 1996, an incinerator in the sulfur workshop in No. 3 Oil
Plant of Fushun Petrochemical Company extinguished and a foreman and a worker on
duty went to reignite it. After they came to the site, they got poisoned due to contacting
with hydrogen sulfide gas. At the moment of evacuating the site, the worker fell down
from 2.4 m high inclined ladder and died of cerebral trauma. The poisoned foreman fell
down and suffered from minor injuries when running down the inclined ladder.
事故的严重后果：人员伤亡。
Serious consequences of the accident: Casualties
事故原因：
Accident cause:
(1) 操作人员进入有毒作业场所没有穿戴防护器具。
The operators entered toxic workplaces without wearing protection appliances.
(2) 焚烧炉灭火，散出的硫化氢使操作工人中毒摔倒，造成脑外伤死亡。
The hydrogen sulfide released from extinguished incinerators made the operation
worker get poisoned and fall down, dead due to cerebral trauma.
Preventive measures and lessons should be learned:
(1) 在有毒有害场所作业，必须认真执行有毒有害作业场所的安全规定。
Seriously conform to safety regulations in a toxic and harmful workplace when
working there.
(2) 教育职工自觉遵章守纪，增强自我保护意识。
Educate workers to observe regulations and discipline consciously and to enhance
the self-protection awareness.
10.2.3 违章作业导致硫化氢中毒、一死一伤
Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning Caused by Violation of Regulations, with One
Die and One Injured
事故情况：
2000 年 8 月 10 日，西南油气田分公司某油气矿净化厂引进车间在吸收塔检修
清除塔内淤泥。9 点 30 分第一组人员从塔底撤出后，用水冲洗塔底，直到出
干净水，第二组人员 1 人下塔，1 人在塔上部监护，联络中断后监护人员下塔，
发生 2 人硫化氢中毒。由于吸收塔空间狭小，抢救困难，11 点 20 分救出 1 人，
12 点 30 分左右救出另一人，其中 1 人送遂宁市急救中心经抢救无效死亡。事
故的严重后果：人员伤亡。
On August 10, 2000, the work of maintenance and removing silt in absorbers was
carrying out at an introducing workshop of a certain oil and gas purification plant of the
branch of Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company. Flushed the bottom of the absorber until
clean water appears after the first group of personnel evacuated there at 9:30 a.m. One
of the second group of personnel went into the absorber and the other was left outside it
as a guarder. After the interruption of contact, the later went into the absorber and got
poisoned caused by hydrogen sulfide like the former. The narrow and small space in the
absorber made the rescue hard. At 11:20 a.m., one was rescued from the absorber and
at 12:30 am, the other was also rescued. One of them was sent to the Suining
Emergency Center and died after the invalid rescue. serious consequences of the
accident: Casualties
事故原因：
Accident cause:
(1) 吸收塔塔底残渣夹带硫化氢释放，引起塔底硫化氢浓度升高，导致中毒。
The residues with released hydrogen sulfide at the bottom of absorbers made the
concentration of hydrogen sulfide get higher. This caused them to get poisoned.
(2) 现场存在违章作业，冲洗后未对硫化氢浓度进行重新检测，监护人下塔抢
救不戴防毒面具，造成本人中毒，延误抢救时间和增加抢救难度。
Operating in violation of regulations on site. The detection over the concentration of
hydrogen sulfide was not conducted again after flushing the absorber. The guarder
did not wear a gas mask when going into the absorber for rescue, causing himself
to get poisoned, delaying the rescue time and increasing rescue difficulty.
Preventive measures and lessons should learned:
(1) 必须加强职工的自我保护意识，提高自救互救能力。
Self-protection awareness must be enhanced and the ability of self-rescue and
mutual rescue must be improved.
(2) 严格执行进入设备容器前做气体分析的规定，杜决“三违”现象。
Seriously implement regulations of doing gas analysis before entering vessels of
equipment to completely eradicate behaviors of “three violations”.
(3) 认真落实各级职能人员的安全责任制，提高安全管理水平。
Earnestly implement the safety responsibility system of personnel at all levels and
improve the level of safety management.
10.3 本装置易燃易爆物的安全性质
Safety Property of Inflammable and Explosive Substances
10.3.1 本装置的危险化学品及其安全技术说明书（MSDS）
Hazardous Chemicals and Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) of the Unit
10.3.1.1 硫化氢––化学品安全技术说明书
Hydrogen Sulfide – Chemical Safety Data Sheet
表10-1 硫化氢– – 化学品安全技术说明书
Table 10-1hydrogen sulfide – chemical safety data sheet
硫化氢– – 化学品安全技术说明书
说明书目录
Catalog
说明书目录
Catalog
第一部分化学品名称第九部分理化特性
Section I Name of chemical Section IX Physicochemical properties
成分/组成信息
第二部分第十部分稳定性和反应活性
Compositions/information of
Section II Section X Stability and reaction activity
components
第三部分危险性概述第十一部分毒理学资料
Section III Hazard summary Section XI Toxicological Information
第四部分急救措施第十二部分生态学资料
Section IV First aid measures Section XII Ecological information
第五部分消防措施第十三部分废弃处置
Section V Fire-fighting measures Section XIII Disposal treatment
第六部分泄漏应急处理第十四部分运输信息
Section VI Emergency Treatment of Leakage Section XIV Transport information
第七部分操作处置与储存第十五部分法规信息
Section VII Operation treatment and storage Section XV Regulatory information
第八部分接触控制/个体防护第十六部分其他信息
Section VIII Contact control/individual protection Section XVI Other
第一部分：化学品名称
Section I:Names of Chemicals
化学品中文名称：硫化氢
Chinese name of chemical: Hydrogen Sulfide
化学品英文名称：
hydrogen sulfide
English name of chemical:
中文名称 2：
Chinese name 2:
英文名称 2：
English name 2:
技术说明书编码：
54
Code of technical instruction:
CAS No.：
7783-06-4
CAS No.:
分子式：
H2S
Molecular formula:
分子量：
34.08
Molecular weight:
第二部分：成分/组成信息
Section II: Composition/Information on Ingredients
有害物成分含量 CAS No.
Harmful ingredients Contents 化学文摘编号
硫化氢
2148878
Hydrogen Sulfide
第三部分：危险性概述
Section III: Risk Summary
危险性类别：
Hazard type:
侵入途径：
Route of entry:
本品是强烈的神经毒物，对粘膜有强烈刺激作用。急性中毒：短期内
吸入高浓度硫化氢后出现流泪、眼痛、眼内异物感、畏光、视物模糊、流
健康危害：
涕、咽喉部灼热感、咳嗽、胸闷、头痛、头晕、乏力、意识模糊等。部分
Health hazards:
患者可有心肌损害。重者可出现脑水肿、肺水肿。极高浓度(1000mg/m3 以
上)时可在数秒钟内突然昏迷，呼吸和心跳骤停，发生闪电型死亡。高浓度
说明书目录
Catalog
接触眼结膜发生水肿和角膜溃疡。长期低浓度接触，引起神经衰弱综合征
和植物神经功能紊乱。
The product is highly neurotoxic and strongly irritant to mucous
membrane. Acute poisoning: Acute toxicity: inhalation of high
concentration of hydrogen sulfide in a short period will cause lacrimation,
sore eyes, foreign body sensation in eyes, photophobia, blurred vision,
burning sensation in throat, cough, chest distress, headache, dizziness,
lack of strength and unconsciousness. It may cause cardiac damage to
some patients. Severe patients will suffer cerebral edema or pulmonary
3
edema. Extremely high concentration (1000mg/m or above) of
hydrogen sulfide will cause sudden coma within just several seconds,
with sudden stoppage of respiration and heartbeat and result in lightning
death. Edema and corneal ulcer will be resulted from when eye
conjunctiva contacts with high concentration of such product. Long-term
contact of low concentration of such product will cause neurasthenic
syndrome and vegetative nerve functional disturbance.
对环境有危害，对水体和大气可造成污染。
环境危害：
The product is hazardous to the environment and may pollute the water
Environmental hazards:
and the air.
燃爆危险：本品易燃，具强刺激性。
Combustion and explosion hazards: The product is flammable and strongly irritant.
第四部分：急救措施
Section IV: First-aid measures
皮肤接触：
Contact with skin:
立即提起眼睑，用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少 15 分钟。就医。
眼睛接触： Lift up the eyelids immediately with fingers and wash them with a lot of
Contact with eyes: clean running water or normal saline thoroughly for 15 minutes at least.
Seek medical advice.
迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如
呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
吸入：
Get away from contaminated area to fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract
Intake:
unobstructed. Conduct oxygen therapy in case of dyspnea. If breathing
stops, carry out artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical advice.
食入：
Ingestion:
第五部分：消防措施
Section V:Firefighting Measures
易燃，与空气混合能形成爆炸性混合物，遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。
与浓硝酸、发烟硝酸或其它强氧化剂剧烈反应，发生爆炸。气体比空气重，
能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇火源会着火回燃。
危险特性： The product is flammable. The mixture of hydrogen sulfide and air is
Hazardous characteristics: explosive. The product will burn and explode when exposed to open
flame or high heat. It will drastically react with concentrated nitric acid,
fuming nitric acid or other strong oxidant and explode. Its weight is
heavier than air thus it can be diffused to a place rather far away at a
lower position; it will be back-fired when exposed to a fire.
有害燃烧产物：二氧化硫。
Hazardous combustion products: Sulfur dioxide
消防人员必须穿全身防火防毒服，在上风向灭火。切断气源。若不能切断
气源，则不允许熄灭泄漏处的火焰。喷水冷却容器，可能的话将容器从火
灭火方法：场移至空旷处。灭火剂：雾状水、抗溶性泡沫、干粉。
Extinguishing methods: Fire fighters must wear full body protective antitoxic clothing, to
extinguish fire in the windward direction. Cut off ignition source. If the
gas source cannot be cut off, do not put out flame at the leakage
说明书目录
Catalog
position. Spray water to cool the vessels, if possible, move the vessels
from the fireground to an open area. Extinguishing agent: Water spray,
water-resistant foam and dry power.
第六部分：泄漏应急处理
Section VI: Accidental Release Measures
迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至上风处，并立即进行隔离，小泄漏时隔离
150m，大泄漏时隔离 300m，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人
员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防静电工作服。从上风处进入现场。尽可能切
断泄漏源。合理通风加速扩散。喷雾状水稀释、溶解。构筑围堤或挖坑收
容产生的废水。如有可能，将残余气或漏出气用排风机送至水洗塔或与塔
相连的通风橱内。或使其通过三氯化铁水溶液，管路装止回装置以防溶液
吸回。漏气容器妥善处理，修复、检验后再用。
Evacuate people in the leakage contaminated zone to the upwind
position quickly, isolate immediately (150m isolation for slight leakage
and 300m isolation for severe leakage), and strictly control the access.
应急处理：
Cut off the fire source. Emergency treatment personnel are
Emergency handling: recommended to wear positive pressure breathing apparatuses and
anti-static work suits. Enter the site from upwind position. Cut off the
source of leakage as far as possible. Perform ventilation to a reasonable
extent to accelerate diffusion. Sprinkle spray water for dilution and
dissolution. Collect production waste water with the dike or trench. If
possible, transfer residual gas or leaked gas with exhaust blower to
scrubber or the fume cupboard connecting with the scrubber.
Alternatively, pass it through ferric chloride aqueous solution, and install
non-return device on the pipeline to prevent suck the solution back.
Properly deal with the vessels featuring leakage, repair and examine
them for recycle.
第七部分：操作处置与储存
Section VII: Handling and Storage
严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，
严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具（半面罩），戴化
学安全防护眼镜，穿防静电工作服，戴防化学品手套。远离火种、热源，
工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。防止气体泄漏到工作
场所空气中。避免与氧化剂、碱类接触。在传送过程中，钢瓶和容器必须
接地和跨接，防止产生静电。搬运时轻装轻卸，防止钢瓶及附件破损。配
备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。
Provide strict sealing, sufficient local exhaust ventilation and general
ventilation. The operator must receive special training and strictly comply
操作注意事项：
with the operation specifications. Operator is recommended to wear
Operation cautious: filter-type protective gas mask (half mask), chemical safety glasses,
anti-static clothing and chemicals-proof gloves. Keep far away from fire
and heat source; smoking is prohibited at the work site. Use
explosion-proof ventilation system and equipment. Gas shall not leak to
work sites, Avoid contact with oxidants and alkali. In the transportation
process, steel cylinder and vessel must be grounded and bridged, to
prevent generation of static electricity. Upload and download the
hydrogen cylinders gently to avoid damage to the cylinder and
accessories. Fire fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment
equipment, with corresponding variety and quantity, shall be provided.
储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过 30℃。保持容
器密封。应与氧化剂、碱类分开存放，切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风
储存注意事项：设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理
Storage cautious: 设备。
Storage in a cool and ventilated warehouse. They shall be kept away
from sources of fire and heat. Warehouse temperature shall not exceed
说明书目录
Catalog
o
30 C. The containers shall be kept sealed. Store separately from
oxidants and alkalis. Do not mix. Explosion-proof lighting and ventilation
facilities shall be used. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and
tools that are likely to generate sparks. The storage area shall be
provided with emergency treatment equipment for leakage.
第八部分：接触控制/个体防护
Section VIII: Contact Control / Individual Protection
职业接触限值
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL)
中国 MAC(mg/m3)：
3 10
China MAC (mg/m ):
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)：
3 10
Former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m ):
OSHA 20ppm,28mg/m3[上限值]; ACGIH 10ppm,14mg/m3
TLVTN： 3 3
OSHA 20ppm,28mg/m [upper limit value]; ACGIH 10ppm,14mg/m
TLVWN： ACGIH 15ppm,21mg/m3
监测方法：硝酸银比色法
Monitoring method: Silver nitrate colorimetric method
严加密闭，提供充分的局部排风和全面通风。提供安全淋浴和洗眼设备。
工程控制：
Provide strict sealing, sufficient local exhaust ventilation and general
Engineering control:
ventilation. Safe showering and eye-washing facilities shall be provided.
空气中浓度超标时，佩戴过滤式防毒面具（半面罩）。紧急事态抢救或撤
离时，建议佩戴氧气呼吸器或空气呼吸器。
呼吸系统防护： Relevant persons must wear filter-type respirators (half-face) when the
Protection of respiratory system: product concentration in air exceeds the standard. Wear an oxygen
respirator or air respirator in the event of emergency rescue or
evacuation.
眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。
Protection of eyes: Wear safety goggles.
身体防护：穿防静电工作服。
Protection of body: Wear anti-static clothing.
手防护：戴防化学品手套。
Protection of hands: Wear chemicals-proof gloves.
工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕，淋浴更衣。及时换洗工作服。
作业人员应学会自救互救。进入罐、限制性空间或其它高浓度区作业，须
有人监护。
其他防护： Smoking, eating, and drinking at work places are prohibited. Relevant
Other protection: operators shall shower and change clothes after work. Change and
wash workwear in time. Operator shall know self and mutual rescue
skills. Accompanied personnel are required to enter the tank area,
restricted space or areas with high concentration for work.
第九部分：理化特性
Part IX: Physicochemical properties
主要成分：纯品
Main ingredients: Pure
外观与性状：无色、有恶臭的气体。
Appearance and property Colorless and fetid gas.
pH：
pH:
熔点(℃)：
-85.5
Melting point (°C):
沸点(℃)：
-60.4
Boiling point (°C):
相对密度(水=1)：无资料
说明书目录
Catalog
Relative density (water=1) N/A
相对蒸气密度(空气=1)：
1.19
Relative vapor density (air=1):
饱和蒸气压(kPa)：
2026.5(25.5℃)
Saturated vapor pressure (kPa):
燃烧热(kJ/mol)：无资料
Combustion heat (kJ/mol): N/A
临界温度(℃)：
100.4
Critical temperature (°C):
临界压力(MPa)：
9.01
Critical pressure (MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值：
无资料
Log value of octanol/water distribution
N/A
coefficient:
闪点(℃)：无意义
Flash point (°C): Not applicable
引燃温度(℃)：
260
Ignition temperature (°C)：
爆炸上限%(V/V)：
46
Upper explosive limit%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V)：
4
Lower explosive limit%(V/V):
溶解性：溶于水、乙醇。
Dissolvability: Dissolvable in water and ethanol.
主要用途：用于化学分析如鉴定金属离子。
Main applications: For chemical analysis, e.g. identification of metal ion.
其它理化性质：
Other physical and chemical properties:
第十部分：稳定性和反应活性
Section X:Stability and Reactivity
稳定性：
Stability:
禁配物：强氧化剂、碱类。
Prohibited materials: Strong oxidants and alkali
避免接触的条件：
Conditions for avoiding contact:
聚合危害：
Polymerization hazard:
分解产物：
Decomposition product:
第十一部分：毒理学资料
Section XI: Toxicological Information
LD50：无资料
急性毒性： N/A
Acute toxicity: LC50： 618 mg/m3(大鼠吸入)
3
618 mg/m (inhalation of rat)
亚急性和慢性毒性：
Subacute and chronic toxicity:
刺激性：
Irritation:
致敏性：
Allergenicity:
致突变性：
说明书目录
Catalog
Mutagenicity:
致畸性：
Teratogenicity:
致癌性：
Carcinogenicity :
第十二部分：生态学资料
Section XII: Ecological Information
生态毒理毒性：
Ecological toxicology and toxicity
生物降解性：
Biological degradability:
非生物降解性：
Non-biological degradability:
生物富集或生物积累性：
Biological concentration or biological
accumulation:
该物质对环境有危害，应注意对空气和水体的污染。
其它有害作用：
The product is hazardous to the environment and therefore the water
Other hazardous effects:
and the air shall be protected from its pollution.
第十三部分：废弃处置
Section XIII: Disposal
废弃物性质：
Waste characteristics:
用焚烧法处置。焚烧炉排出的硫氧化物通过洗涤器除去。
废弃处置方法：
Incineration. Sulfur oxides exhausted by incinerator shall be eliminated
Waste handling method:
by scrubber.
废弃注意事项：
Waste cautions:
第十四部分：运输信息
Section XIV: Transport Information
危险货物编号：
21006
Hazardous goods No.:
UN 编号：
1053
UN No.:
包装标志：
Package mark:
包装类别：
O52
Package type:
钢质气瓶；磨砂口玻璃瓶或螺纹口玻璃瓶外普通木箱；安瓿瓶外普通木箱。
包装方法： Steel bottle; ground glass stoppered bottle or thread glass stoppered
Package method: bottle encased with general wooden box; ampoule bottle encased with
general wooden box.
铁路运输时应严格按照铁道部《危险货物运输规则》中的危险货物配装表
进行配装。采用刚瓶运输时必须戴好钢瓶上的安全帽。钢瓶一般平放，并
应将瓶口朝同一方向，不可交叉；高度不得超过车辆的防护栏板，并用三
角木垫卡牢，防止滚动。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器
材。装运该物品的车辆排气管必须配备阻火装置，禁止使用易产生火花的
运输注意事项：
机械设备和工具装卸。严禁与氧化剂、碱类、食用化学品等混装混运。夏
Transportation cautions:
季应早晚运输，防止日光曝晒。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。公路运输
时要按规定路线行驶，禁止在居民区和人口稠密区停留。铁路运输时要禁
止溜放。
This product shall be handled in strict accordance with the table for
handling of dangerous goods in Code for Transportation of Dangerous
说明书目录
Catalog
Goods of the Ministry of Railways upon railway transport. The safety
helmets for steel cylinders must be positioned securely on the cylinders
to be transported. The steel cylinders should be placed horizontally in
general; all cylinder openings shall face toward the same direction,
without intersection; height of the cylinders shall not exceed protective
fences of vehicles, and triangular wood pads shall be used to fix the
cylinders to avoid rolling. Transport vehicles shall be provided with
corresponding firefighting facilities of appropriate types and quantity.
Exhaust pipes of such vehicles must be provided with fire-retardant
devices; the mechanical equipment and tools which are easy to
generate sparks shall not be used for handling. Mixed loading and
transport with oxidants, alkali, and edible chemicals are prohibited. The
above cylinders shall be transported in the morning and the evening in
summer to avoid sunlight exposure. Transport vehicles shall be parked
away from ignition sources and heat sources when they are stopped in
midway. The transport vehicles shall follow the specified route during
highway transportation, and not stay in residential areas or densely
populated districts. Humping is strictly prohibited in railway
transportation.
第十五部分：法规信息
Section XV: Regulatory Information
化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 年 2 月 17 日国务院发布)，化学危险物
品安全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677 号)，工作场所安全使用化学
品规定 ([1996]劳部发 423 号)等法规，针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、
储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定；常用危险化学品的分类及标志
(GB 13690-92)将该物质划为第 2.1 类易燃气体。
Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals (issued by
法规信息 the State Council on February 17, 1987), Detailed Rules for the
Regulatory Information Implementation of the Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous
Chemicals (HLF [1992] No. 677), Regulations on Safety Use of
Chemicals in Workplace ([1996] LBF No. 423) and other laws stipulate
the safety use, production, storage, transportation, loading and
unloading of hazardous chemicals. The substance is classified as Class
2.1 flammable gas by Classification and Labels of Dangerous Chemical
Substances Commonly Used (GB 13690-92).
第十六部分：其他信息
Section XVI: Other Information
参考文献：
http://www.anquan.com.cn/msds/
Bibliography:
填表部门：
Filled by:
数据审核单位：
Data review unit:
修改说明：
Amendment description:
其他信息：
Other information:
10.4 本装置其他职业病危害知识（粉尘、噪声、高温、射线）
Other Occupational Hazards (Dust, Noise, High Temperature and Ray)
10.4.1 生产性粉尘
Industrial Dust
(1) 生产性粉尘的定义：是指在生产过程中产生的、能较长时间飘浮在空

气中的固体微粒。
Definition of industrial dust Industry dust is solid particles that are generated in the
process of production and can float in air for a long time.
(2) 决定生产性粉尘危害的主要因素：
Key factors of industrial dust hazards
粉尘对人体的危害程度取决于其化学成分和浓度。粉尘中游离二氧化硅含
量愈高，对人体的危害愈大。另外，粉尘的粒径愈小和颗粒愈多，分散度
愈高，在空气中悬浮的时间愈长，被人体吸入的机会就愈多，其危害也就
愈大。
The hazard of dust to the human body depends on its chemical components and
concentration. The higher the free silicon dioxide content in dust is, the greater the
harm to human is. The hazard gets worse with the decrease of dust particle size
and the increase of number of particles, dispersity, and time of suspending in air or
probability of inhalation.
(3) 生产性粉尘的致病作用：
Pathogenesis of industrial dust
a) 皮肤、黏膜、上呼吸道的刺激作用：吸入的生产性粉尘首先进行
入呼吸道刺激呼吸道黏膜，使黏膜毛细血管扩张，黏液分泌增加粉尘
的阻留作用。
Irritation effects on skin, mucous membrane and the upper respiratory tract the
industrial dust inhaled first goes into the respiratory tract and irritate mucous
membrane of it. This expands capillaries of the mucous membrane and the
mucus secretion makes more dust retained.
b) 非特异性炎症反应：长期吸入大量粉尘可损伤呼吸道黏膜，使黏膜
上皮细胞增生肥大，黏液分泌增加。因此，接尘工作人员的慢性支气
管炎是常见的与职业有关的疾病。
Non-specific inflammation reaction: Long-term inhalation of considerable dust
can damage the mucous membrane of respiratory tracts to make mucosal
epithelial cells hyperplastic and hypertrophy, and to increase mucus secretion.
Therefore, chronic bronchitis of the staff exposed to dust is a common
occupational disease.
c) 特异性炎症反应：主要是有机粉尘中带有细菌或真菌，可引起肺真
菌病。
Specific inflammation reaction: The main reaction is that the organic dust with
bacteria or fungus can cause pulmonary mycosis.
d) 致纤维化作用：尘肺是长期吸入矿物性粉尘引起的，以肺组织纤
维化病变为主的一类全身性疾病的统称。
Fibrosis causing effect: The pneumoconiosis is caused by the long-term
inhalation of mineral dust. It is the general term of systemic diseases mainly
based on fibrotic lesions of the lung tissue.
e) 致癌作用：石棉粉尘可引起支气管肺癌和间皮瘤，放射性矿物质粉尘
可致肺癌。
Carcinogenesis: The asbestos dust can cause bronchial carcinoma and
mesothelioma, and the radioactive mineral dust can cause lung cancer.
f) 致敏作用：许多有机粉尘可引起支气管哮喘，是典型的变态反应性疾
病。
Sensitization: A large amount of organic dust can cause bronchial asthma
which is a typical allergic disorder.
g) 中毒作用：吸入铅、锰、砷等毒物性粉尘可引起全身性中毒。
Poisoning: The inhalation of toxic dust including lead, manganese and arsenic
can cause systemic poisoning.
(4) 职业接触限值：
Occupational exposure limit:
本岗位粉尘种类的职业接触限值。
Occupational exposure limits for dust categories on the post
(5) 防护要点：
Protection points：
进入粉尘作业场所，需佩戴过滤式防尘呼吸器具或防尘口罩。普通口罩严
禁作为防尘（防毒）口罩使用。
People entering the dust workplace shall wear filter type dustproof respirators or
dust masks. It is forbidden to use general-purpose masks as dust (gas) masks.
10.4.2 生产性噪声
Industrial Noise
(1) 生产性噪声的定义：是指生产过程中产生的一切声音。

Definition of industrial noise Industry noise refers to sounds generated in the
process of production.
(2) 决定生产性粉尘危害的主要因素：
Key factors of industrial dust hazards
生产性噪声危害的发生和程度主要决定于噪声强度、接触噪声时间、噪声
的频率及频谱特性、接触者的敏感性等因素。
The occurrence and degree of industrial noise hazard largely depends on noise
intensity, noise exposure duration, noise frequency and spectral characteristic, and
sensitivity of exposed persons.
(3) 生产性噪声的危害：
Industrial noise hazard
生产性噪声达到一定强度时成为危害因素，对人体危害突出表现在对听觉
器官和听力的损伤上。分为职业性听为损伤以及噪声耳聋，后者属于法定
职业病之一。此外，生产性噪声对某些接触者的神经系统、心血管系统、
生殖系统和消化系统也会产生一定的损害。
Industrial noise could become a hazard factor when it has certain intensity. The
prominent hazard to the human body is auditory organ injury and hearing
impairment which can be classified into occupational hearing impairment and noise
induced deafness (the latter is a prescript occupational disease).Industrial noise
could also cause certain impairment of nervous system, cardiovascular system,
reproductive system and digestive system of some exposed persons.
表 10-2 职业接触限值表
Table 10-2table of occupational exposure limit (OEL)
日接触噪声时间卫生限值[dB（A) ]
Daily Noise Exposure Duration Health Limit [dB(A)]
8 小时 85
8 hours
4 小时 88
4 hours
2 小时 91
2 hours
1 小时 94
1 hour
30 分钟 97
30 minutes
15 分钟 100
15 minutes
7.5 分钟 103
7.5 minutes
任何时间都不得超过 115 分贝
115 dB shall not be exceeded at any time.
(5) 个人防护要点：
Personal protection points
进入超标作业场所，需佩戴防噪声耳塞。
Enter the workplace full of noise beyond the standard with noise protecting ear
plugs.
10.4.3 高温
High Temperature
(1) 高温作业的定义：是指工作场所有生产性热源，其散热量大于 23w/m3·h

或 84kJ/m3·h 的装置；或当室外实际出现本地区夏季通风室外计算温度时，
工作场所的气温高室外 2℃或 2℃以上的作业场所。
Definition of high-temperature operation High temperature operation refers to
working at workplace where there is an industrial heat source with the heat
dissipation rate greater than 23w/m3·h or 84kJ/m3·h at a workplace; or the
temperature at a workplace is 2℃ or more higher than the outdoor temperature,
when actual local outdoor temperature reaches the summer ventilation calculation
temperature.
(2) 高温的危害：
High-temperature hazard
高温作业使人体产生一系列的生理改变，当机体获热与产热大于散热时体
温升高，因大量出汗造成机体严重缺水和缺盐、心脏负荷加重、心率增加、
血压下降、食欲减退、消化不良，严重时不可导致中暑。
High-temperature operation could cause a series of physiological changes to the
human body. When the volume of the heat gained and produced by the body is
larger than the heat dissipation volume, the body temperature will rise.
Subsequently, the profuse sweating may result in severe water and salt deficiency,
cardiac stress increase, heart rate increase, fall of blood pressure, loss of appetite
and what is worse, heatstroke.
当室外实际出现的气温等于本地区夏季通风室外计算温度时(兰州地区为
29℃)，装置内作业地带的空气温度应符合下列要求：
In case actual outdoor air temperature is equal to outdoor calculated temperature
in ventilation in summer of this region (29°C for Lanzhou), air temperature in
operation zone in the unit shall meet the following requirements:
表 10-3 职业接触限值表
Table 10-3table of occupational exposure limit (OEL)
国家卫生标准
作业场所
National health
Workplace
standards
3
有生产性热源散热量＜23W/m ·h 室内外温差<3℃
With industrial heat Heat dissipation rate ＜ 23W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor
国家卫生标准
作业场所
National health
Workplace
standards
source temperature difference
< 3℃
3
散热量 23-116W/m ·h 室内外温差<5℃
Heat dissipation rate = 23-116W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor
temperature difference
< 5℃
3
散热量＞116W/m ·h 室内外温差<7℃
Heat dissipation rate ＞ 116W/m3·h Indoor-outdoor
< 7℃
无生产性热源室内外温差<3℃
Without industrial heat source Indoor-outdoor
< 3℃
(4) 个人防护要点：
Personal protection points
及时补充水份和盐分。并注意少量多饮。
Supply water and salt in time, and drink a small amount of them for many times.
10.4.4 辐射
Radiation
(1) 辐射的定义：
Definition of radiation:
辐射：是能量传递的一种方式，按辐射能量的大小和能否引起作用物质
的分子电离，辐射可以分为电离辐射和非电离辐射。
Radiation: Radiation, a way of energy transfer, can be divided into ionizing
radiation and non-ionizing radiation, according to the quantity of radiant energy and
whether or not molecular ionization can be caused to substances influenced by it.
电离辐射：凡是与物质直接或间接作用时能使用物质电离的射线就是电
离辐射。如： α 射线、β 射线、γ 射线、X 射线等。
Ionizing radiation: It refers to the ray which can cause materials ionize when
directly or indirectly reacting with them, such as α-ray, β-ray, γ-ray and X-ray.
非电离辐射：指不能使物质电离，如：紫外线、红外线、射频辐射、微波、
激光等。
Nonionizing radiation refers to the radiation which cannot make materials ionized,
such as ultra violet, infrared ray, radio frequency radiation, microwave and laser.
(2) 决定辐射对人体健康影响的主要因素：
Main factors which are decisive for radiation’s effects on human health:
a) 辐射种类、辐射剂量。
Radiation categories and radiation dose
b) 人体的辐射敏感性。
Radiation sensitivity of human
(3) 辐射对人体健康的影响：
Effects of radiation on human health:
辐射不仅可引起近期损伤，还可诱发过期效应，而远期危害又往往导致可
怕的癌症和遗传疾病。
Radiation can not only cause the recent damage, but also induce overdue effect.
The long-term harm often leads to terrible cancer and genetic diseases.
a) 近期损伤：作用全身，引起急慢性放射病；作用于生殖腺、红骨髓、
眼晶体、皮肤等相应造成生育能力受损，造血机能障碍、白内障和急
慢性皮肤病。
Short-term damage: Effects on the whole body and cause acute or chronic
radiation diseases. Effects on genital gland, red marrow, ocular lens, skin and
so on and correspondingly cause impaired fertility, hematopoietic dysfunction,
cataract, and acute or chronic dermatosis.
b) 远期危害：具有致癌性、遗传效应、胚胎效应。如：白血病、皮肤

癌、死产、畸形、发育障碍等。
Long-term harm: Possess carcinogenicity, genetic effect, and embryo effect
including leukemia, skin cancer, stillbirth, malformation and maldevelopment.
任何放射工作人员，在正常情况下的职业照射水平应不超过以下限值：
Occupational exposure level in normal conditions shall not exceed the following
limit for any radiation worker:
50mSv/年或 20µGy/小时
50mSv per year or 20µGy per hour
10.4.5 急救知识
First-aid Knowledge
10.4.5.1 中毒急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Poisoning
1．发生人员中毒事故，应一方面迅速报警，另一方面组织力量扑救。打电话
报警，气防电话：内线电话“117”，外线电话 7966177，炼油内线电话 120：
外线电话 7935120 电话接通后，情绪要镇静，要讲清人员中毒地点、中毒
人数、中毒程度，何种物质中毒，以便气防和卫生部门派出相应的医疗救
援力量。
When a poisoning accident occurs, report to the police promptly on the one hand,
organize firefighting and rescue work on the other hand. Call polices, with gas
protection telephone: internal telephone number “117”, external telephone number
7966177 and internal telephone number in refining unit area 120: After the external
phone 7935120 is connected, stay calm and clearly introduce the place, number of
people got poisoned, degree of poisoning, toxic species for the convenience of Gas
Protection Department and Health Department to send corresponding medical
rescue forces.
2．救护者应做好个人防护，带好防毒面具，穿好防护衣；
Rescuers shall do well in self-protection, wear gas masks and protection clothing.
3．切断毒物来源，关闭地漏管道阀门，堵加盲板；
Cut off sources of the poison, close valves of funnel pipeline and increase blinds to
block those valves.
4．采取有效措施防止毒物继续侵入人体，应尽快将中毒人员脱离现场，移至
新鲜空气处，松解患者颈、胸部纽扣和腰带，以保持呼吸畅通，同时要注
意呆暖和保持安静，严密注意患者神志，呼吸状态和循环状态等。
Take effective measures to prevent the poison from keeping invading the body.
Move poisoned personnel from the site exposed to the poison to the place with
fresh air as soon as possible. Unfasten buttons laying on the neck and chest of
poisoned personnel and release their belts to keep them breathing smoothly. At the
same time, keep quiet and warm for poisoned personnel, and closely pay attention
to their consciousness, breath state, circulation state and more.
5．尽快制止工业毒物继续进入体内，并设法排除已注入人体内的毒物，消除
和中和进入体内的毒物作用。
Stop the industrial poison entering the body as soon as possible, try to remove the
poison which has injected the body, and eliminate and neutralize the poison which
already inside of body.
6．迅速脱去被污染的衣服、鞋袜、手套等，立即彻底清洗被污染的皮肤，冲
洗时间要求 15－ 30 分钟，如毒物系水溶性，现场无中和剂，可用大量
水冲洗，遇水能反应的则先用干布或其他能吸收液体的东西抹去粘染物，
再用水冲洗，对粘稠的毒物（如有机磷农药）可用大量肥皂水冲洗，尤其
注意皮肤皱折，毛发和指甲内的污染，较大面积冲洗，要注意防止着凉、
感冒。
Quickly remove contaminated clothes, shoes and socks, gloves, etc. and
thoroughly wash the contaminated skin immediately for required washing time of
15-30 minutes. For water-soluble poison, wash with a large quantity of water if
there is no neutralizer on site. For those which can react with water, wipe the
contamination with dry cloth or other things which can absorb liquid, then wash with
water. For the sticky poison (e.g., organ phosphorus pesticide), wash it with a large
amount of soapy water, especially paying attention to contaminations in skin
wrinkles, hair and nails. For large-area washing, attention shall be paid to prevent
catching a cold.
7．毒物经口引起人体急性中毒，可用催吐和洗胃法。
In the case that the poison causes acute poisoning of human through the mouth,
the emetic therapy and gastro lavage can be adopted.
8．促进生命器管功能恢复，可用人工呼吸法，胸外按压法。
To promote the recovery of life apparatus, artificial respiration and chest
compression can be adopted.
10.4.5.2 触电急救知识
First-aid on Electric Shock
1．电对人体的危害
Harm of electricity to human:
a. 电伤：指电流对人体外部造成局部伤害，如电流引起人体外部的烧伤；
a. Electrical lesion: It refers to that local injuries which are caused by the electric
current to the external body, such as burns caused by the electric current to
the external body.
b. 电击伤：指电流通过人体内部，破坏人体心脏，肺部及神经系统的
正常动作，及至危及生命；
b. Electric shock wound:It refers to that the electric current goes through the
internal body to cause disorder to normal actions of human heart, lung and
nervous system, and even imperils lives.
c. 电损伤人体的变化：细胞内离子失衡，导致肌肉收缩、麻木，在高
电压下肌肉强烈收缩，组织发生病理性变化；
c. Changes of body caused by electric injuries: The ions inside cells get
imbalanced. This causes contraction and numbness of muscles. With high
voltage, the muscles contract strongly, and the organs get pathological
changes.
d. 临床表现：全身情况：神志清楚，机体抽搐麻木，有电灼伤；神志不

清楚，休克状态，心律失常，假死；局部情况，电弧灼、焦化、碳化。
d Clinical manifestations: Conditions of the whole body: They feature conscious

mind, organism coming with convulsion and numbness and the existence of
electric burns. They also feature unconscious mind, shock state, arrhythmia
and suspended animation. The local conditions include arc burning, coking
and carbonization.
2．触电急救：
Emergency rescue against electric shock:
a. 紧急处置：迅速拉开电源，使触电者迅速脱离触电状态；
a) Emergency treatment: Quickly cut off the power supply to protect the person
from electric shock rapidly;
b. 就地抢救：
b. Rescue on site:
轻微触电者：神志清楚，触电部位感到疼痛、麻木、抽搐，应使触
电者应地安静、舒适地躺下来，并注意观察；
The personnel who gets a slight electric shock: If the wounded has conscious
mind and feels pain, numb and convulsive at the parts suffering from an
electric shock, make him quiet, lie down him in comfort and keep an eye on
him.
中度触电者：有知觉且呼吸和心脏跳动还正常，瞳孔不放光，对光
反应存在，血压无明显变化，此时，应使触电者平卧，四周不要围人，
使空气流通，衣服解开，以利呼吸；
The wounded that gets a moderate electric shock: If the wounded has the feel,
normal breath and heartbeat, his pupil does not give off light, and he has the
existing pupillary light reflex and blood pressure without significant changes,
make him lie down and disperse people around him to let in fresh air. Lose his
clothes to make him breath smoothly.
重度触电者：触电者有假死现象。呼吸时快时慢，长短不一，深度
不等，贴心听不到心音，用手摸不到脉博，证明心脏停止跳动，此时
应马上不停地进行人工呼吸及胸外人工挤压，抢救工作不能间断，动
作应准确无误。
The wounded who gets a severe electric shock: The wounded who gets a
severe electric shock may appear suspended animation. In the case that he
breathes sometimes rapidly and sometimes slowly, with different lengths and
depths, his heart sounds cannot be heard and his pulses cannot be felt by
hands, his heart is proven to stop beating. At this moment, artificial respiration
and chest artificial compression shall be performed immediately and
ceaselessly. The rescue work shall not be discontinuous and the action shall
be accurate.
c. 触电急救法：可采用人工呼吸与心脏复苏方法。
c. Methods for electric shock first aid: Methods of artificial respiration and
resuscitation of heart can be adopted.
10.4.5.3 灼伤急救知识（烧伤、烫伤、化学灼伤、电弧灼伤）
First-aid Knowledge on Burning (burns, scalds, chemical burns and Arc
burns)
1．人员自保
Self-protection of personnel
a. 伤员应迅速脱离现场，及时消除致伤原因。
a) The wounded people shall quickly move away from the site and eliminate the
hazards causing injuries in time.
b. 处在浓烟中，应采用弯腰或匍匐爬行姿势。有条件的要用湿毛巾或湿
衣服捂住鼻子行走。
b. Bend over or crawl when moving ahead in dense smoke. Cover the nose with
wet towels and clothes if possible.
c. 楼下着火时，可通过附近的管道或固定物上拴绳子下滑；或关严门，
往门上泼水。
c. When downstairs catch fire, slip down through nearby pipeline or robes tied to
fixtures, or tightly close the door and pour water towards it.
d. 若身上着火应尽快脱去着火或沸液浸渍的衣服；如来不及脱着火衣服
时，应迅速卧倒，慢慢就地滚动以压灭火苗；如邻近有凉水，应立即
将受伤部位浸入水中，以降低局部温度。但切勿奔跑呼叫或用双手扑
打火焰，以免助长燃烧和引起头面部、呼吸道和双手烧伤。
d. When being fire, take off clothes which catch fire as soon as possible. If it is
too late to take off the clothes, lie down quickly and roll over slowly on site to
extinguish fire. If cold water is available nearby, immerse injured parts in water
immediately to reduce the temperature of these parts. Do not run to call for
rescue or use both hands to beat the flame so as to avoid improving
combustion and causing burns on the face, respiratory tract and hands.
2．现场救护
Rescue on site
a 烧伤急救就是采用各种有效的措施灭火，使伤员尽快脱离热源，尽量
缩短烧伤时间。
First aid on burns refers to that take effective measures to extinguish fire so
that the wounded can be moved away from heat sources as soon as possible
and the duration of burning can be reduced as much as possible.
b 对已灭火而未脱衣服的伤员必须仔细检查，检查全身状况和有无并合
损伤，电灼伤、火焰烧伤或高温气、水烫伤均应保持伤口清洁。伤员
的衣服鞋袜用剪刀剪开后除去。伤口全部用清洁布片覆盖，防止污染。
四肢烧伤时，先用清洁冷水冲洗，然后用清洁布片消毒纱布覆盖送医
院。
Carefully inspect the wounded which is rescued from fire but keeps clothes on
his body. The content for inspection includes conditions of the whole body and
compound injuries, electric burns, flame burns or scalds caused by high
temperatures and hot water. All of these wounds shall keep clean. Remove the
clothes, shoes and socks of the wounded after cutting them with scissors.
Cover all wounds with the clean cloth to prevent wounds from contamination.
When arms and legs are burnt, wash the wound with clean cold water and
then send the wounded to the hospital with the clean cloth and antiseptic
gauze covered on his wounds.
c 对爆炸冲击波烧伤的伤员要注意有无脑颅损伤，腹腔损伤和呼吸道损
伤。
For the wounded who is burnt by the explosion shock, inspect whether or not
he suffers from brain injuries, abdominal injuries and respiratory tract injuries.
d 烧毁的、打湿的、或污染的衣服除去后，应立即用三角巾、干净的衣
物被单覆盖包裹，冬天用干净单子包裹伤面后，再盖棉被。
Cover and wrap up with the scarf bandage, clean clothing and sheets after
removing clothes which are burnt out, wetted or polluted. In winter, the cotton
quilt shall be used after the wound surface is wrapped up by clean sheets.
e 强酸或碱等化学灼伤应立即用大量清水彻底冲洗，迅速将被侵蚀的衣
物剪去。为防止酸、碱残留在伤口内，冲洗时一般不少于 10min。对
创面一般不做处理，尽量不弄破水泡，保护表皮。同时检查有无化学
中毒。
The chemical burns caused by strong acid, alkali or other chemical
substances shall be thoroughly washed with a large amount of clean water,
and the eroded clothing shall be removed immediately. To prevent the acid
and alkali residue from being left inside wounds, the time for washing wounds
can be at least 10 min in general. In general, the wound surface will not be
dealt with. Try not to break blisters and protect the skin. At the same time,
inspect whether or not there are symptoms caused by chemical poisoning.
f 对危重的伤员，特别是对呼吸、心跳不好或停止的伤员立即就地紧急
救护，待情况好转后再送医院。
On-site emergency care shall be delivered to the serious wounded whose
breath and heart beat are in a bad condition or has already stopped. Send him
to the hospital after his conditions are improved.
g 未经医务人员同意，灼伤部位不宜敷搽任何东西和药物。
It is inadvisable to apply any things and drugs to burn areas without the
permission of the medical staff.
h 送医院途中，可给伤员多次少量口服精盐水。
On the way to hospital, take a small amount of saline water orally for wounded
with several times.
10.4.5.4 创伤急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Wound
1．人员自保
Self-protection of personnel
a. 若作业人员从高空坠落的紧急时刻，应立即将头前倾，下颌紧贴胸骨，
这一姿势应保持到身体被悬托为止。
a) At the very moment when falling from a great height, the workers need to lean
their heads forward immediately and to make their mandibles close to their
sternums. This position needs to be kept until the body is suspended.
b. 下坠时，应尽可能地去抓附近可能被抓住的物体，当被抓的某一物体
松脱时，应迅速抓住另一物体，以减缓下坠速度。
b. When falling down, try to grab nearby objects which are possible to be
grabbed. When the object which is grabbed gets loosened, quickly grab
another object to reduce the falling speed.
c. 凡有可能撞到构筑物和坠地时，坠落者应紧急弯脚曲腿以缓和撞击。
c. When it is possible to hit structures and fall to the ground, the falling person
shall immediately bend his feet and twist his legs to mitigate the impact.
2．急救措施
First-aid measures
● 创伤急救的基本要求。
Basic demands for trauma first aid.
a. 创伤急救原则上是先抢救，后固定，再搬运，并注意采取措施，
防止伤情加重或污染。需要送医院救治的，应立即做好保护伤员
措施后送医院救治。
a) The wound first aid is based on emergency treatment first, then fixation
and move in the end, and the measures shall be taken to prevent the
wound from being aggravated and contaminated.Send the wounded who
needs hospital treatment to the hospital after taking measures to protect
him.
b. 抢救前先使伤员安静躺平，判断全身情况和受伤程度，如有无出
血、骨折和休克等。
b. Before rescuing, get quiet and lie down wounded. Judge conditions of his
whole body and injury degree including whether or not there are bleeding,
fractures and shock.
c. 外部出血立即采取止血措施，防止失血过多而休克。外观无伤，
但呈休克状态，神志不清，或昏迷者，要考虑胸腹部内脏或脑部
受伤的可能性。
c. When it comes to external bleeding, take measures to stop bleeding
immediately, in case of the shock caused by excessive bleeding. If the
wounded has no appearance injuries but stays in a state of shock,
delirious, or in a coma, consider the possibility of getting abdominal
visceral injuries or brain injuries.
d. 为防止伤口感染，应用清洁布片覆盖。救护人员不得用手直接接
触伤口，更不得在伤口内填塞任何东西或随便用药。
d. To prevent wounds from being infected, cover him with the clean cloth.
Rescue personnel shall not directly touch the wound with hands, let alone
pack something within the wound or use drugs at random.
e. 搬运时应使伤员平躺在担架上，腰部束在担架上，防止跌下。平
地搬运时伤员头部在后，上楼、下楼、下坡时头部在上，搬运中
应严密观察伤员，防止伤情突变。
e. When moving the wounded, make him lie on the stretcher. Tie his waist
on the stretcher to prevent him from falling down. Keep his head at the
back of the stretcher when moving him on the flat ground, and keep head
at the lower position when moving upstairs, downstairs and downhill. In
the course of moving the wounded, keep a close eye on him to prevent
injury mutation.
● 止血
Hemostasis
a. 伤口渗血：用较伤口稍大的消毒纱布数层覆盖伤口，然后进行包
扎。若包扎后仍有较多渗血，可再加绷带适当加压止血。
a) Wound errhysis: Cover the wound with several layers of antiseptic gauze
which is bigger than the wound and then pack it. In the case that there is
still some blood oozing from the antiseptic gauze, stop bleeding through
using bandages to properly pressurize.
b. 伤口出血呈喷射状或鲜红血液涌出时，立即用清洁手指压迫出血
点上方（近心端），使血流中断，将出血肢体抬高或举高，以减
少出血量。
b. When the blood from the wound sprays or the red blood gushes out, press
the bleeding point immediately with a clean finger (the proximal part) to
stop bleeding. Raise the bleeding limbs high to reduce the amount of
bleeding.
c. 用止血带或弹性较好的布带等止血时（图 1），应先用柔软布片或
伤员的衣袖等数层垫在止血带下面，再扎紧止血带以刚使肢端动
脉搏动消失为度。上肢每 60min，下肢每 80min 放松一次，每次
放松 1～2min。开始扎紧与每次放松的时间均应书面标明在止血带
旁。扎紧时间不宜超过四小时。不要在上臂中三分之一处和腋窝
下使用止血带，以免损伤神经。若放松时观察已无大出血可暂停
使用。
c. Put several layers of soft cloth, sleeves of the wounded or others under
tourniquets when stopping bleeding with cloth straps with better elasticity
or other things, and then tie the tourniquet to the extent that arterial pulses
at the end of the limbs stop exactly. Loosen the tourniquet tied on the
upper limb at the interval of 60min, and the lower limb at the interval of 80
min, with 1～2 min for each time. The duration for tying and loosening
shall be written down beside the tourniquet each time. The duration for
tying shall not be more than four hours. Do not use the tourniquet at the
one-third upper arms and under the armpit, in case of the damage of
nerves. In the case that there is no blood flowing out when loosening the
tourniquet for observation, the tourniquet can be suspended from service.
注：严禁用电线、铁丝、细绳等作止血带使用。
Note: It is forbidden to use wire, iron wire, cord and others as a tourniquet.
d. 高处坠落、撞击、挤压可能有胸腹内脏破裂出血。受伤者外观无
出血但常表现面色苍白，脉博细弱，气促，冷汗淋漓，四肢厥冷，
烦躁不安，甚至神志不清等休克状态，应迅速躺平，抬高下肢（图
2），保持温暖，速送医院救治。若送院途中时间较长，可给伤员
饮用少量糖盐水。
The rupture hemorrhage of viscera at the thorax and abdomen may occur
when the wounded falls from a great height and suffers from impact and
extrusion. In the case that the wounded suffers no external bleeding but
often looks pale, and has symptoms including unclear pulse, short breath,
much cold sweat, cold limbs, dysphonia, and even unconscious mind
which shows he is in shock, make him lie down quickly and raise his lower
limbs. In addition, keep him warm and send him to a hospital. In the case
that the time spent on the way to the hospital will be long, the glucose and
sodium chloride injection can be given to the wounded to drink.
3．骨折急救知识
First-aid knowledge on fracture
a. 肢体骨折可用夹板或木棍、竹竿等将断骨上、下两个关节固定（图 3），
也可利用伤员身体进行固定，避免骨折部位移动，以减少疼痛，防止
伤势恶化。
a. When it comes to limb fractures, fix the upper and lower joints of the broken
bones with splints or crabsticks, bamboo poles and others. It is also feasible to
use the body of the wounded to fix the two joints to avoid the movement of
fracture parts. This can reduce the pain and prevent the further injury.
b. 开放性骨折，伴有大出血者，先止血，再固定，并用干净布片覆盖伤
口，然后速送医院救治。切勿将外露的断骨推回伤口内。
b. For the wounded who suffers from the open fracture, with massive
hemorrhage, make him stop bleeding first, and then fix joints. Cover the wound
with a clean cloth, and then send him to a hospital immediately. It is forbidden
to push exposed broken bones back to the wound.
c. 疑有颈椎损伤，在使伤员平卧后，用沙土袋（或其它代替物）放置头
部两侧。
c. In the case that the cervical spine injury may occur, put sand bags (or other
alternatives) on both sides of the head of the wounded after making him lie
down.
d. 使颈部固定不动。必须进行口对口呼吸时，只能采用抬头使气道通畅，
不能再将头部后仰移动或转动头部，以免引起截瘫或死亡。
d. Make the cervical part fixed. When the mouth to mouth breathing must be
done, make the airway unobstructed just through raising his head, not to tilt his
head back or turn it, in case of paraplegia or death.
e. 腰椎骨折应将伤员平卧在平硬木板上，将腰椎躯干及二侧下肢一同进
行固定预防瘫痪（图 5）。搬动时应数人合作，保持平稳，不能扭曲。
e. When moving the wounded, work together with several persons, and keep
smooth and steady, not to make the body of the wounded twist.
4．颅脑外伤
Craniocerebral trauma
A. 应使伤员采取平卧位，保持气道通畅，若有呕吐，应扶好头部和身体，
使头部和身体同时侧转，防止呕吐物造成窒息。
Make the wounded lie down to keep airway unobstructed. If vomits, hold head
and body, and turn head and body at the same time in case of asphyxia
caused by vomit.
B. 耳鼻有液体流出时，不要用棉花堵塞，可轻轻拭去，以利降低颅内压
力。也不可用力擤鼻，排除鼻内液体，或将液体再吸入鼻内。
When liquid flows out of the ear and nose, wipe away it gently to reduce
intracerebral pressure, instead of plugging it with cotton. Blowing nose heavily
to exclude liquid out of nose or inhale liquid in nose is not allowed.
c. 颅脑外伤时，病情可能复杂多变，禁止给予饮食，速送医院诊治。
c. When the brain suffers from traumas, the state may be complex and
changeable. It is forbidden to give the wounded food. What need to do is to
send him to a hospital for diagnosis and treatment.
10.4.5.5 冻伤急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Frostbite
a 冻伤使肌肉僵直，严重者深及骨骼，在救护搬运过程中，动作要轻柔，不
要强使其肢体弯曲活动，以免加重损伤，应使用担架，将伤员平卧并抬至
温暖室内救治。
Frostbite makes muscle rigid and even has an effect on bones. In the process of
emergency handling, the movement of rescue personnel needs to be gentle and
avoid making limbs and trunk of the wounded bend so as not to aggravate injuries.
Make the wounded lie on a stretcher and carry him to a warm room for treatment.
b 将伤员身上潮湿的衣服剪去后，用干燥柔软的衣服覆盖，不得烤火或搓雪。
After cutting off the wet clothes on the body of the wounded, cover him with dry and
soft clothes, not to warm the wounded by a fire or rub the snow on his body.
c 全身冻伤者呼吸和心跳有时十分微弱，不应该误认为死亡，应努力抢救。
The wounded who suffers from frostbite on the whole body has a weak breath and
heartbeat. Therefore, do not mistake for death and efforts shall be made to rescue.
10.4.5.6 高温中暑急救知识
First-aid Knowledge on Heat Stroke
a 烈日直射头部，环境温度过高，饮水过少或出汉过多等可以引起中暑现象，
其症状一般为恶心、呕吐、胸闷、眩晕、嗜睡、虚脱，严重时抽搐、惊厥
甚至昏迷。
The heat stroke can be caused by directly exposing the head to the burning sun,
excessively high environment temperatures, drinking too little water, excessive
sweating and so on. In general, the symptoms of it include nausea, vomiting,
oppression in chest, dizziness, drowsiness and collapse. When the state is severer,
convulsions, seizures, and even coma can occur.
b 应立即将病员从高温或日晒环境转移到阴凉通风处休息。用冷水擦浴，湿
毛巾覆盖身体，电扇吹风，或在头部置冰袋等方法降温，并及时给病人口
服盐水。严重者送医院治疗。
Move the patient from environments with heat temperatures and insolation to cool
and ventilated places to rest. Use methods including cleaning the body of the
patient with cold water, covering him with wet towels, making an electric fan blow,
or placing ice packs on his head to reduce the temperature. In addition, make the
patient take saltwater orally in time. Send him to a hospital for treatment.
10.4.5.7 人工呼吸与心脏复苏的操作方法
Operational Approaches of Artificial Respiration and Cardiac Resuscitation
1．准备工作
Preparation
a. 现场人员将伤者移至上风阴凉处呈仰卧状；
a) Move the wounded to a windward shady place and lie on his back.
b. 在离伤者鼻孔的 5 毫米处，用指腹检查是否有呼吸，同时轻按伤者颈
部，观察是否有搏动；
b. At the 5 mm from the nose of the wounded, check for breathing with the finger
pulp, and at the same time, press his cervical part gently to observe whether or
not there is a pulse.
c. 现场人员可脱下上装叠好，置于伤者颈部，将颈部垫高，让呼吸道保
持畅通；
c. Field staff can take off the upper outer garment and fold up them to put them at
the cervical part of the wounded so that his cervical part is elevated and the
respiratory tract keeps unobstructed.
d. 检查并清除伤者口腔中异物。若伤者带有假牙，则必须将假牙取出，
防止阻塞呼吸道。
Inspect and eliminate foreign bodies in the oral cavity of the wounded.If the
wounded wears a denture, remove it to prevent it from blocking the respiratory
tract.
2．人工呼吸法：
Artificial respiration:
a. 将手帕置于伤者口唇上，施救者先深吸一口气；
a) Put a handkerchief on the lips of the wounded. The rescuer takes a deep
breath firstly.
b. 一手捏住伤者鼻孔，以防漏气，另一手托起伤者下颌，嘴唇封住伤者
张开的嘴巴，用口将气经口腔吹入伤者肺部；
b. Hold nostrils of the wounded with one hand, in case of air leakage, and hold up
his mandible with the other hand. Then put the mouth of the rescuer on the
open mouth of the wounded to blow air into the lung of the later through the
oral cavity.
c. 松开捏鼻子的手使伤者将呼出。注意此时施救者人员，必须将头转向
一侧，防止伤者呼出的废气造成再伤害；
c. Loosen the pinched nose to let the wounded exhale waste gas. At this moment,
what needs to pay attention to is that the rescuer must turn his head on one
side to prevent another injuries caused by the waste gas exhaled by the
wounded.
d. 救护换气时，放松触电者的嘴和鼻，让其自动呼吸，此时触电者有轻
微自然呼吸时，人工呼吸与其规律保持一致。当自然呼吸有好转时，
人工呼吸可停止，并观察触电者呼吸有无复原或呼吸梗阻现象。人工
呼吸每分钟大约进行 14－ 16 次，连续不断地进行，直至恢复自然呼
吸为止，做人工呼吸同时，要为伤者施行心脏挤压。
d. When changing air in the course of rescue, loosen the mouth and nose of the
wounded who gets an electric shock to let him breathe by himself. When he
can breathe mildly and naturally, the artificial respiration needs to be
consistent with his breathing regularity. When the natural breathing has
improved, artificial respiration can be stopped. Observe whether or not
respiratory rehabilitation or respiratory obstruction exists. Artificial respiration
shall be continuously conducted about 14-16 times per minute until natural
breathing restores. When doing artificial respiration, do cardiac compression
for the wounded.
3．心脏复苏方法
Cardiac resuscitation
a. 挤压部位为胸部骨中心下半段，即心窝稍高，两乳头略低，胸骨下三
分之一处；
a. The position needing to be compressed is the lower half of the chest bone
center, namely the position which is a bit higher than heart, slightly lower than
two nipples and at one-third of lower sternum.
b. 救护人两臂关节伸直，将一只手掌根部置于挤压部分，另一只手压在
该手背上，五指翘起，以免损伤肋骨，采用冲击式向脊椎方向压迫，
使胸部下陷三至四厘米，成人 5 分钟做 60－ 80 次挤压后，随即放
松；
b. The rescuer unbends his joints of two arms, puts the base of one hand at the
position needing to be compressed and places the other hand on the back of
the former, with five finger perking up so as not to damage ribs. The
impingement oppression toward the direction of the spine shall be conducted,
making chest of the wounded cave in three to four centimeters. For adults, the
compression shall be done for 60-80 times within 5 min, and then loosen.
c. 二人操作对心脏每挤压 4 次，进行一次口对口人工呼吸；一人操作时，
则比例为十五比二，当观察到伤者颈动脉开始搏动，就要停止挤压，
但应继续做口对口人工呼吸。在施救过程中，要注意检查和观察伤者
的呼吸与颈动脉搏动情况。一旦伤者心脏复苏，立即转送医院做进一
步的治疗。
c. In the case that there are two rescuers for the application of cardiac
resuscitation, the one-time mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration shall be done
for each four-time compressions on the heart. In the case that there is just one
rescuer for the application of that method, the ratio of compression on the
heart to mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration shall be 15:2. When observing
that the carotid artery of the wounded begins to beat, stop compressing, while
the mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration needs to be continued. In the course
of rescue, pay attention to check and observe conditions of breathing and
carotid artery beating of the wounded. Once the heart of the wounded
recovers, immediately send him to a hospital for further treatment.
10.5 本装置主要有害物、介质（易燃易爆、有毒）的有关参数
Safety property of Inflammable, Explosive and Toxic Substances
胺处理装置内主要有毒物料为硫化氢、MDEA 等，因此在生产操作过程中一定
要严格按照操作规程的要求，加强劳动保护，确保人身安全。
The main toxic materials in the amine treating unit include hydrogen sulfide and MDEA.
Therefore, during production and operation, enhance labor protection and ensure
personal safety in strict accordance with operating manual.
10.5.1 硫化氢
Hydrogen Sulfide
(1) 物理性质
Physical properties
H2S 为无色、有臭鸡蛋味的气体。它具有高毒性，对碳钢有腐蚀性，特别
是在高湿、高温下，H2S 具备了典型无机酸的特性。如果无水存在，则对
碳钢无腐蚀性。
H2S is a kind of colorless gas with a smell from rotten eggs. It is highly toxic and
corrosive to carbon steel. Especially in environments with high humidity and
temperatures, it possesses properties of typical inorganic acid. If there is no water,
the H2S is not corrosive to carbon steel.
H2S 为可燃气体，在空气中燃烧生成 SO2 和 H2O，释放出热量。H2S

与空气的混合物爆炸的上、下限体积百分比分别为 4.3%及 45.5%。在该
范围内遇明火会发生剧烈的爆炸。因此，对 H2S 进行贮存和处理时，要排
除一切火源、明火、火花（包括静电火花）。H2S 及空气混合物也不能与
产生热的设备直接接触。
The H2S is flammable gas. Being burnt in the air, it generates SO2 and H2O, and
releases the heat. The mixtures of H2S and air has upper limit and lower limit of
volume percent for explosion: 4.3% and 45.5% respectively. In this range, a violent
explosion will happen once the mixtures meet flame. Therefore, when storing and
handling H2S, eliminate all fire sources, flame and sparks (including electrostatic
sparks).The mixtures of H2S and air also cannot contact with equipment
generating heat directly.
H2S 在空气中的自燃点约为 260℃，沸点为-61.8℃；熔点为-82.9℃。

In air, the autogenous ignition temperature of H2S is about 260°C, boiling point is
-61.8°C, and melting point is -82.9°C.
H2S 气体比重为 1.19（空气为 1.0），所以比空气重，可在低点积聚，特别

是硫池及硫坑。H2S 液体比重为 1.54，20℃下的蒸汽压为 8.77atm。
H2S gas specific weight is 1.19 (that of air is 1.0), which is heavier than air.
Therefore, it will accumulate at a lower point, especially in sulfur ponds and sulfur
pits. H2S liquid specific weight is 1.54 and its vapor pressure under the temperature
of 20°C is 8.77atm.
由于每个人嗅觉能力不同，所以把臭鸡蛋味作为 H2S 危险浓度的警告是不

可靠的。而且，当其浓度大于 20ppm 时，臭味恶化，对通过嗅觉鉴别浓
度的提高没有帮助。
The sense of smell of every person varies, so it is unreliable to take the
appearance of a smell from rotten eggs as a warning for hazard concentration of
H2S. Moreover, when the H2S concentration is greater than 20ppm, the odor
aggravates. This is not helpful to judge the increase of its concentration through the
sense of smell.
中毒反应随浓度高低不同，也与个体的感受程度有关。低浓度的 H2S 使呼
吸道受到刺激引起疾病，产生呕吐、胸闷等。随后对神经系统也产生影响。
高浓度的 H2S 会使神经系统麻痹。随后呼吸困难，立即窒息而死。即使是
低浓度的 H2S 也会对眼睛的角膜产生损害。
The toxic reaction varies due to the different concentration. It is also related to
personal feeling degrees. The H2S with low concentration irritates the respiratory
tract and leads to illness. The symptoms including vomiting and oppression in
chest are occurred. It also has an effect on the nervous system later. The H2S with
high concentration makes the nervous system numb. Then feel difficult to breathe.
Die of suffocation immediately. Even the H2S with lower concentration will cause
damage to the cornea.
(2) 毒性
Toxicity
H2S 浓度高于 500 ppm 时具有高毒性，使人立即死亡。H2S 可使包括与味

觉相关的神经末梢坏死。由于 H2S 浓度大于 20ppm 时，人就嗅不到臭味
了。因此，大大增加了危险性。
When H2S concentration is greater than 500 ppm, the toxicity of H2S is high, which
can lead to human die immediately. The H2S is capable of making nerve endings
including those related to gustation dead. Human cannot smell odors when the H2S
concentration is greater than 20ppm, which the risk is increased greatly.
(3) 生理作用
Physiological effects
表10-4 硫化氢的生理作用表
Table 10-4table of physiological effects caused by hydrogen sulfide
反应体积浓度（ppm）
Effects Volume concentration (ppm)
可检测到臭味的低限 0.14
minimum detectable odor
轻微的臭味几乎不可察觉 0.77
Slight but imperceptible odor
明显的臭味 4.6
反应体积浓度（ppm）
Effects Volume concentration (ppm)
Obvious odor
令人不快的臭味 7.0
Offensive odor
8 小时工作日允许的最大的浓度 10
Allowed maximum concentration within the 8-hour working day
1 小时后眼睛有点发炎，呼吸系统也有点发炎 50~100
The eyes and respiratory system become mildly inflamed after 1 hour.
仅限于 6 小时内无不良反应 70~120
No bad effects within the limit of 6 hours
仅限于 6 小时内无严重后果 170~225
No serious consequences within the limit of 6 hours
1 小时后眼睛明显发炎 200~300
Eyes become inflamed after 1 hour.
30～60 分钟内有生命危险 350~500
Threaten life within 30～60 min
30～60 分钟内致命 400~600
Die within 30～60 min
半小时后致命 500~700
Die after half an hour
迅速失去知觉，几分钟后呼吸系统停止 700
Lose consciousness immediately. The respiratory system stops after several
minutes.
立刻失去知觉 700~1000
Lose consciousness immediately
立刻致命（呼吸停止）超过 1000
Die immediately (the breath stops) Over 1000
10.5.2 MDEA 胺液
MDEA amine solution
MDEA 水溶液为稻草色带氨味的液体。MDEA 可通过呼吸进入体内。低浓度

MDEA 会刺激眼睛、粘液膜（包括呼吸道）。轻度到中度中毒会引起头疼、咽
喉有烧伤感觉、呼吸困难、反胃、呕吐等。暴露于高浓度的 MDEA 会强烈刺
激呼吸道，甚至引起呼吸障碍；严重中毒可能会引起肺炎或支气管炎。
MDEA aqueous solution is liquid with straw color and the smell of ammine. MDEA can
enter the body through breathing. The MDEA with low concentration irritates eyes and
mucosa (including the respiratory tract).The symptoms of intoxication from the mild to
the moderate are headaches, the feeling of throat burning, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting,
etc. Exposure to the MDEA with high concentration will irritate the respiratory tract
strongly, and even cause respiration disorders. Serious intoxication may lead to
pneumonia or bronchitis.
10.6 本装置排放的主要污染物及环境保护措施
Main Pollutants and Environmental Protection Measures
10.6.1 三废处理方案
Treatment Plan for Effluents
1 废水处理
Waste Water Treatment
按清污分流及污污分流的原则，将污水划分为含油污水、清净废水、生活
污水、雨水等系统。对不同性质的污水分别进行收集：含油污水和清净废
水排现有污水处理厂（API），雨水排至厂外雨水沟（rain ditch），生活污
水排至市政管网。
Based on the principles of diverting sewage from clean water and sewage from
sewage, the waste water is divided into oily water, clean waste water, domestic
waste water and rainwater. Waste water is collected, according to its character: oily
water and clean wastewater are discharged to NRL existing API, rainwater is
discharged to rain ditch out of plant, domestic waste water is discharged to
domestic waster network.
2 废气处理
Waste Gas Treatment
设置酸性燃料气总管及火炬气总管，对于装置操作过程中可能排放的含烃
类气体通过上述密闭系统排放，或进入燃料气系统或进入火炬总管。
Sour fuel gas header and flare gas header are designed for this unit. Possible
hydrocarbon gases during unit operation are to be discharged to sour fuel gas
system or flare system via the above mentioned headers.
装置内各压力系统均设置安全阀，设备超压时泄放的可燃烃类气体通过火
炬总管进入火炬管网。
Pressure relief valves are designed for all pressure systems within the unit.
Flammable hydrocarbon gases released from the equipment in the case of
overpressure will be discharged into the flare system via flare header.
装置正常生产时，由加热炉排放的烟气高点放空，放空高度满足巴基斯坦
国家标准。
In normal production of the unit, the venting height meets requirements of national
standards of Pakistan as the flue gas of the furnace is vented at a high point.
3 废渣处理
Waste Residue Treatment
本装置产生的固体废物均为危险废物，拟将其和 NRL 现有装置产生的危

险废物一并外委处理。
Solid wastes produced by the unit are hazardous wastes, and are proposed to be
treated with hazardous wastes generated by NRL existing unit via outsourcing.
10.6.2 本装置污染物排放部位及排放的主要污染物
Main Contaminants And Discharge Positions
10.6.2.1 废水污染源和污染物
Contamination Sources of Waste Water and Contaminants
胺处理装置生产过程中排出的废水有含油污水及锅炉排污，详细情况见下表。
The waste water discharged during production of amine treating unit includes oily
wastewater. Refer to following table for details.
表10-5 污水排放表
Table 10-5table for waste water discharge
排放介质污染源排放方式排放量（t/h）排放去向
主要有害成分（mg/l）
Discharged Contamination Discharge Discharge Destination of
Main Harmful Ingredients
Fluid Source Mode Amount Discharge
地面冲洗水、机泵冷油：20；悬浮物：～80；COD：
含油污水却等 200；PH：7 污水处理场
连续
Oily Floor wash water, Oil: 20; suspended Waste water
Continuous
wastewater pump cooling substances: ～80; COD: 200； treatment farm
water and so on PH：7
机泵冲洗等酸性水汽提装置
间断
Sour Water pump flushing Sour water
Intermittent
water stripping unit
10.6.2.2 噪声
Noise
胺处理装置的主要噪声源是机泵、空冷风机、其噪声级≤85dBA。当噪声大于
85dBA 时，人长期在噪声环境下工作，会引起听觉器官损伤和心血管系统病
症，并能导致神经衰弱，还能引起胃功能紊乱，视力降低，注意力分散。
The noise sources of the amine treating unit are pumps and air coolers with noise level
≤85dBA.When the noise level is higher than 85dBA, the damage to auditory organs and
disorder of circulatory system will be caused if human beings work in a noise
environment for a long term. The symptoms including neurasthenia, gastric function
disorder, decreased vision, and distractibility will also occur.
10.6.3 本装置环境保护措施及其效果
Environmental Protection Measures and Effects
10.6.3.1 废水处理措施
Waste Water Treatment Measures
污水主要有含硫污水和含油污水水，含硫污水送往酸性水汽提装置进行处理；
冲洗地面的污水进入含油污水管网，至污水处理场处理。
The waste water mainly includes sour water and oily wastewater. The sour water is sent
to sour water stripping unit for treatment and the waste water for ground flushing is
introduced to the waste water treatment farm for treatment through oily wastewater pipe
network.
酸性水汽提装置是处理含硫污水的环保装置，使净化后的水达到回用指标或污
水处理场的进水要求。装置产生的污水数量较少，不另设污水预处理设施。在
停工或事故状态下设备放净排出的含硫污水分别送回酸性水储罐或酸性水地
下收集罐进行再处理，这样就避免了高浓度的含硫污水进入污水处理场影响其
污水处理效果。其他污水通过下水井经全厂污水管网送至污水处理场统一处理。
The sour water stripping unit is an environmental protecting unit which treats sour water.
This unit makes purified water meet indexes for recycling or water receiving
requirements of the waste water treatment farm. This unit produces a small amount of
waste water, so no more waste water pretreatment facilities will be set up. In the
situation of shutdown or accident, the sour water discharged for emptying the
equipment is sent to sour water tanks and sour water closed drain drums, respectively,
for retreatment. This keeps the sour water with high concentration from flowing into the
waste water treatment farm to have a bad effect on the efficiency of waste water
treatment. Other waste water passes through sewage pipe network to the waste water
treatment farm for uniform treatment.
10.6.3.2 噪声处理措施
Noise Control Measures
设计中选用低噪声的 YB 系列电机、鼓风机，和低噪声的空冷器，噪声级小于
85dBA,并在鼓风机进口设消音器，同时蒸汽放空设置消音器，减少噪声危害
In the course of design, choose low-noise motors of YB series, forced draft fans and air
coolers with low noise. The noise level shall be less than 85dBA. The muffler shall be
installed at the inlet of forced draft fans and steam vent nozzle, respectively, to reduce
noise hazards
11 附录
APPENDIX
1. 设备一览表 14089-03310-A-300
List of equipment
2. 主要设备结构图
Construction drawing of main
equipment
2.1 310-C01 14089-03310-J-3009

2.2 310-C02 14089-03310-J-3010
3. 化工工艺流程图 14089-03310-A-100~106
Process flow diagram
4. 装置平面布置图 14089-03310-F-11~13
Equipment layout
5. 可燃有毒气体报警仪布置图 14089-03310-P-711
Combustible and toxic gas
detector layout drawing
6. 装置消防设施布置图 14089-03310-T-2
Water supply and drainage piping
layout
7. 安全阀定压值 14089-03310-B-801
Set pressure values of pressure
relief valves
8. 控制参数报警值及联锁值 14089-03310-P-621
Alarm and trip point list

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操作规程

0 IFC (Issue For Review)

REV. DESCRIPTION DEGN CHKD REVD APPD DATE

NATIONAL REFINERY LIMITED ATU

CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL

PROJ. NRL ISBL UPGRADATION PROJECT

SPECIAL EQUIPMENT OPERATING SPECIFICATION .......................................................... 101

LOGIC CONTROL DESCRIPTION AND PIPING & INSTRUMENT

本项目 ATU 装置为第一/二阶段新建。

设计范围仅限于在文件“接点及 ISBL 升级界区”

生产制度由 NRL 根据装置的实际操作来确定。

设备总数量 共 41 台（30 个位号）

非标设备数量 15 台（14 个位号）

储罐/容器 8 台（8 个位号）

换热器 5 台（4 个位号）

动设备 17 台（7 个位号）

成套设备 2 套（2 个位号）

空冷器 2 台（2 个位号）

过滤器 4 台（4 个位号）

喷射器 1 台（1 个位号）

（310-P06 由 NRL 自备）

Refer to document “Equipment List” (Document. NO. 14089-03310-A-300) for details of

ATU 装置工艺流程图参见 14089-03310-A-100~106 rev 1.

胺吸收塔是一台操作压力约为 0.42MPaG 的填料塔，由于吸收塔中的吸收过

来自闪蒸罐的富胺液经富胺液泵 310-P01A/B/C 加压送至贫/富胺液换热器加

从再生塔回流罐出来的酸性气经压力调节，以不低于 0.055MPaG 的压力送至

胺处理装置在 ATU 界区外设置储罐。

H2S 含量不超过 0.01mol/mol MDEA

H2S 含量不超过 100wt-ppm；

NH3 含量不超过 50wt-ppm；

Stream Description --- LEAN AMINE FUEL GAS ACID GAS

ATU 装置设有 4 台分离器（闪蒸罐及分液罐）用于气液分离。

The operating conditions list below:

ATU 装置设有 2 台塔用于吸收 H2S 及从富胺液中解吸 H2S。

The operating condition list below:

相关参数：进塔底重沸器蒸汽量 310-FIC-012A 、310-FIC-012B；进塔富胺液

相关参数：富胺液进塔温度 310-TIC-033；塔底蒸汽量 310-FIC-012A 、

Control method: During normal operation, overhead temperature is controlled by

控制方式：310-LIC-026 与贫液至 310-V03 线上的液控阀 310-LV-026 组成简

Control Flow Diagram:

Table 2-5 table for handling abnormal situation

A2.2 0.24MPa 蒸汽引进装置

A6.3 闪蒸罐（310-V01）N2 置换、保压

A6.4 胺吸收塔（310-C02）N2 置换、保压

A6.5 310-E03、310-E04 引循环水

3.2.3.1 公用工程引入 0.24MPa 蒸汽

Introducing 0.24MPa Steam

(I)– 确认 DCS 仪表调试好用

(P)– Confirm site cleaned up and tidy.

(M)– 确认 H2S 报警仪设施完好

(P)– Confirm pressure relief valve already in service.

(I)– 确认 DCS 正常投用

B2.2 0.24 MPa 蒸汽引进装置

[P]– 检查变通 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置流程

[P]– 关闭 0.24MPa 蒸汽主线上各支线阀门

[M]– 联系调度引 0.24MPa 蒸汽

[P]– 打开 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置阀门

(P)– 确认 0.24MPa 蒸汽进装置

[P]– 打开 0.24Mpa 蒸汽总管末端排凝阀，排净后关闭

[P]– 打开 0.24MPa 蒸汽总线到各支线阀门

[P]– 0.24MPa 蒸汽到各支线末端排凝微见汽

[M]– Contact scheduler to introduce plant water.

(P)– 确认装置 N2 流程已全部变通

设备总数量共 41 台（30 个位号）