AD 2000-Merkblatt Ics 23.020.30 General verification of stability for pressure vessels Vessels on skirt supports AD 2000-Merkblatt s3i Special cases Ld ‘Tine AD 2000-Merhbltter ere propared by the seven aacociations listed below who together form tho “Arboitagameinschalt Druckbohéitor” (AD). The stuicture and the appicaon ofthe AD 2000 body of regulations and th procedural guidelines are covered by AD 2000-Merkblat G1. The AD 2000-Merkblattor contain safety requirements fo be met under normal operating conditions. It above-normal loadings are 10 be lexpected during the operation of the pressure vessel, this shall bo taken fnta account by meeting special requirements. 1 thera are any divergences fom the requirements of this AD 2000-Morkblat.t shal be possible to prove thatthe standard of safety of this body of regulations has been maintained by other means, e.9. by materials testing, tests, stress analysis, operating experience. Fachverband Dampfkesse!, Behiter- und Rotveitungsbau 0.V. (FOB), Dissoldort Hauptverband der gewerblchen Borulsgenossenschatten 0.V., Sankt Augustin Verband der Chemischen industrie «.¥. (VG), FranktutiMain Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. (VDMA), Fachgemeinschalt Verahrenstechnisciie Maschinen lund Apparate, FranktutMaln Vorain Deutscher Eisenhittoneute (VER), Dusseldort VGB PowerTech ev, Essen Verband der Technisahon Uberwachungs-Veroine o.V. (VAFOV). Esson, The above associations continuously update the AD 2000-Merkblite in ne with technical progress. Please address any proposals for this tothe publisher: Verband der Technischen Oberwachungs-Vereine e.V., P.O. Box 103834, D-45038 Essen. Contents 0 Foreword 6 Verifications of stability at skirt-to-vessel junction 1 Scope (sections 1-1, 2-2, 3-3) 2 General 7 Verification of stabilty of skirt support (section 4-4) 8 Symbols and units 4 Design variants for skir-to-vessel junction 8 Sections and section values 0 Foreword ‘The AD 2000 body of regulations can be applied to satisty the basic safety requirements of the Pressure Equipment, Directive, principally for the conformity assessment in ‘eccordance with Modules “G” and “B + F" ‘The AD 2000 body of regulationsiis structured along the lines, ‘of a self-contained concept. If other technical rules are used in accordance with the state of the art to solve related prob- lems, itis assumed that the overall concept has been taken into account. The AD 2000 body of regulations can be used as appropriate for other modules of the Pressure Equipment Dicective or for, different sectors of the law. Responsibility for testing is as, specifiedin the provisions of the relevant sector ot the law. 1 Scope Inis AU 20UU-Merkblatt can De used to provide ventication of stablty of skit supports on vessels. The verification shall bo carriod out separatoly forthe local loadings at the skir-t0- 8 Verification of slip resistance and safety against overturning (section 5-5) 9 Literature pressure vesse! junction, forthe skirt itself and its anchoring in the foundation, ‘Stress intensifications within the meaning of 4.5 of AD 2000- Merkblatt BO in the pressute-retaining shell are to be expected. particularly in the case of low pressure loading (eID = 0,005) as well as in the case of high additional ‘moments, for example due to wind loads (H/D > 5). Below these limits it may be necessary to perform a stress analysis, ifaditional loads are extreme (0. . due to additional weights, high-density filing weights oF high eccentricity in the event of transverse acceleration) ori the design principles do not, match the design variants dealt with in this AD 2000-Mork- blatt 2 General ‘This AD 2000-Merkbiatt shall be applied only in conjunction, with AD 2000-Merkblatt S 3:0. The support skirt shail be designed to DIN 28 u8z Part and Parl 2 or in conjunction with these standards, Attention shall bee paid to the presence of inspection openings. "AD 2000 ener are protected by copyaght. The hts of use, parc of any Warslabonrapreducton, erect of Hgures Fansmision by plo ‘echancal means a storage dela retiovalaystme, even of extract, ao rezaved fo th author. Carl Heymann Varag has taken al essonaso ‘measures to ensure the seewacy of he anol bu fees that no sporty can be accaped fr any enor, orision or curacy. In casos ‘dou oF ste the east pation tho Geran at ony vanAD 2000-Merkblatt Page 2 AD 2i0o Mela $1, 0.2001 eaton The design of the welds shall be compatible with DIN EN 1708. The veritication of welds may be omitted if tho wold thickness Is 0,7 times ine wall thickness of the thinnest of tne plates involved and is welded from both sides or full-penotra- tion welded. I verification of welds is required this can be carried out in accordance with AD 2000-Merkblatt S 3/0. “The loads shall be uniformly applied on tho base ring: peak stresses shall be avoided, The load cases specified by the purchaser in accordance with 4.2 of AD 2000-Merkbiatt S 3/0 shall be verified in which cease the allowable stresses given in AD 2000-Meerkblatt $ 3/0, shall be used. The allowable design stresses and strass ‘esultants are a function ofthe particular load case, However, to limit the number of indices and thus improve clarity these ‘are not indexed in the following text. 3. Symbols and units The definitions in AD 2000-Morkblatt B 0 are supplemented by; a Lever-aim eccentricity (of. Fig. 2) inmm Width of base ring inmm © Actual wall thickness lass any wall thickness allowance © ~ 9,-¥6, with og in accordance with AD 2000-Merk biatt 8.0 inmm F Allowable stress as @ function of the load case in accordance with ‘AD 2000-Merkblatt $ 3/0 in. Nimme F Section force relative to axis of ‘symmetry inn @ Projecting length of base ring at non anchored end inmm fh Height of support ring (ct. Fig. 6) inmm {Width of support plate or ring girder in mm. k Distance between skit and bolt circle in mm 1 Projection of the base ring on the anchored side inmm M-—— Fosutting section moment, relative to xis of symmetry in Nem 9 Number of anchor bolts - F Cutout parameter inrad t Distance between two web plates inmm T Distance between two brackets inmm W Section modulus of ring according to Fig. inmm? 47 Stress intensification factor from ‘AD 2000-Merkblatt B 3 Appendix 1 — Connecting oF limiting angle in AF Vessel dead load beneath section 2-2 inn AM Moment increase due to change of contre of gravity in area of cutout in mm © Hall opening angle of cut-out (ct. Fig. 4) inrad © Displacement of geometrical contre of gravity by cut-out inmm © Stress Nimme Indices a Extomal shell surface, i.e. side facing away from axis of symmetry b Concrete Bending portion B Vessel D ‘Support plate or ring girder F Filling gesiavesn) Total stress, ie. membrane and bending portion G Portion of vessel weight including intemal and external attachments, without filing H Hydrostatic column i Internat shel! surface, Le. side facing towards axis of symmetry K Minor-diameter area of anchor bolt ‘Mauposcig) Membrane portion n Verification point (possible values p and q), defines the cign of the momont portion of section force ° Shell surface (possible values i and a) P Verification point where the moment portion ‘wath postive sign enters into the section force (ie. side facing away trom the wind — wind ward) P Web plate q Verification point where the moment portion with negative sign enters into the section force (ie. side facing away from the wind leeward) Flange or base ring s ‘Section for which verification is provided (possible values 1 to 5) T Support ring 1 Anchor bolt hole circle or diameter of bore for ‘anchor bolt 0 Gauge pressure or vacuum pressure as nega- tive gauge pressure (without hydrostatic pres- sure) Zz ‘Skirt support relative to non-weakened shell 4. Design variants for skirt-to-vessel junction This AD 2000-Merkbiat allows verifications of stabiity atthe junction of support skirt and pressure-loaded shell for the design types A, B and C shown below. 4.1 Design type A (skirt support connection via sup- port ring at cylindrical shell) Cylindrical or conical support skir with an angle of inclination, 7° to the axis,AD 2000-Merkblatt 4.2. Design type B (connection of skirt support in knuckle area) (ylindrical, or conical skit support with an angle of inclination 7° to the axis and welded directly onto the bottom of the vessel in the area y min < y= 20°. ‘Area of application: 05 5 eg fer 52,25 ymin i limited by the condition Dz Dy 0. ‘The anchor bolts shall be dimensioned in accordance with AD 2000-Merkbiatt S 3,0. In exceptional cases initial prestressing of the anchor bolt is higher than the service level loading. In such cases, substi- tute the pre-stressing force in equation (83) to (35) for Fp. ‘The allowable anchor bott forces may also be taken from DIN 28082 Part 2 for the materials St 37 and St 52. 8.3. Application af load in hase ring A structural design with a single base rng which shall comply with DIN 28082 Part 1 is sufficient for load cases with a low ‘overturning moment, The verification of the design may be Provided in accordance with 8.3.1 For higher overturning moments, a design as defined in DIN £28082 Part 2 shall be provided. Verification of the base ring ‘may be provided in accordance with 8.3.2. a4 Single baco ring Goometvical coneitions beisl ZE ZE onler = 1.5 = Fig. 5. Single base ring for lon-moment loading ‘The maximum concrete compression is 1 | of = SoBe | (28) Ine thickness of the base ring shall satisfy the following requirements: and 29) TF t= Fo (20) [oF KF 0212) tory 2D ea Boy BKeG, where «is to be taken from equation (28) and Fry is to be taken from equation (27). 8.3.2 Basering with brackets or doublering with webs ‘The maximum concrete compression «from equation (28) gives the necessary base ring thickness e, for Til =: 3: Tal ta where K = 1,145 - TH!—0.5. Verification is carried out using equation (29) for Til > 3, ‘The web-piate thickness e, has to saisly the following requi rement (32) o> 08 re {In addition to the stress analysis in accordance with equation (3), necessary, verification of stability shall be carried out, based on 7.3 of AD 2000-Merkblatt $ 3/4 for the thickness, 2¢ of the web pilates, The thickness of the suppor plate or ring glraer ey 18: fi (83) 25-Fig oul = de @4) 2072 VF 0/10 — 4) fo) (39) where 25 <3 ep The influence of the shear moment from Fp on the skirt, cuppor ahall be verfiod, For brackets, this can, for example, ’be performed with reference to AD 2000-Merkblatt $3/4 and! or [6] (where a, = k ~ 0712; Ne = Fa). The structural imple- mentation ofthe bracket design determines the form of veri cation. The double ring with webs can, for example, be ver tied using corresponding ring supports under n radial loads Fin accordance with (4) or [5]; where R= Fy, - k divided by 1-08- (@0 + endl 9 Literature [1] Deutscher Ausschuss fir Stahbau: Beulsicherheits- rnachweiso fir Schalen (German Structural Steel Engi- neering Association: Vertcation of Safety against Buck- ling of Shells) DASt-Directive 013, July 1980. Hinweise auf die Schalenboulichtinie in: Mittelungen ‘des IfBt (Guidance on Shell Buckling Directive) 4 (1981), p16, [8] Knodtel,P., a, U. Schulz: Zur Stabiltat von Schomsteinen mit Fuchsotfnungen (Stability of Chimney Stacks with ‘Smoke Fiue Openings). Stahibay 57 (19AA), Vol 1 p.13-21 Petersen, Chr.: Stahloau. [Steel construction] Verlag Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1988. Stahlbau Handbuch Band 2. (Stee! construction Manual Vol. 2} Stahlbau Verlagsgeselischaft, Cologne 1985, Richtinienkatalog Festigkeit RKF, Teil 2, BR-AG1-Trag- pratzen, (Collection of Directives on Strength (RKF)-+, Part 2, BR-AGI ~ Support brackets), 9" Edition 1979, Linde KCA-Dresden GmbH, 2) io (51 (6)Fig. 6. Basering design for high-moment loadingPublisher: Verband der Technischen erwachngsYerene E-Mail: vdtuev essen@t-oniine.de hip www vatuev.de Source of supply Carl & Heymanns Verlag Luxemburger StraBe 449, D-50939 Koln Telefax: 0221-9 43 73 603 E-Mail: verkauf@heymanns.com