MACOLBACOL, REBOGBOG, UNTAYAO
11- STEM 1
Lesson 6: The Power of the Minds
Brain – control center of the human body system. It is a
wrinkled, pinkish-gray, three-pound organ that is
primarily composed of fat and water.
Neuron - basic functional unit of the nervous system. It
comprises the nerve cell body, axon and dendrite.
PARTS OF THE BRAIN
1. Cerebrum - largest part of the brain which
contains 85% of the brain’s weight
2. Cerebellum - controls voluntary movement such
as posture, balance and coordination.
3. Brain Stem - connects the spinal cord and the
brain. It controls involuntary functions such as
breathing, heart rate, blood pressure and food
digestion.
LOBES OF THE CEREBRUM
 The frontal lobe, where the primary motor area is
located. This area controls voluntary movement in a
contralateral manner (left side controls the right side
of the body, and vice versa).
-associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech,
movement, emotions, and problem solving
 The temporal lobe, which contains the primary
auditory area, in charge of hearing and processing of
auditory stimuli
-associated with perception and recognition of
auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
 The parietal lobe, which contains the primary
somatosensory area which processes sensory signals
such as touch, pressure pain, thermal sense, and
sense of body movements (kinesthesia)
-associated with movement, orientation, recognition,
perception of stimuli
 The occipital lobe, which is the location of the
primary visual area. This receives visual signals from
the thalamus and processes visual sensations.
-associated with visual processing
CRITICAL AGE OF BRAIN
According to Doug postels, brain cells regenerate
throughout life .
During first 3 years of life, the brain experiences most of
its growth and develops most of its potential for learning.
That’s the time frame in which synaptogenesis, or the
creation of pathways for brain cells to communicate,
occurs.
DRUG DAMAGE
Effects of drugs and alcohol on the brain:
 Inhalants (glue, paint, gasoline, aerosols) – destroy
the outer-lining of nerve cells and make them unable
to communicate with one another.
 Marijuana – hinders memory, learning, judgment, and
reaction time.
 Steroids – cause aggression and violent mood swings
 Ecstasy – uncontrolled sleep, violence, mood swings,
sexual urges
LEFT AND RIGHT HEMISPHERE OF THE BRAIN
Corpus callosum – serves as the bridge between the
left and right brain hemispheres (accdg to research by
Sperry, 1961 and Gazzaniga, 1967)
Damage to the corpus callosum forces the two
hemispheres of the brain to work independently because
the connection between them is no longer there.
Split-brain surgery, which was done by severing the
corpus callosum to alleviate epileptic seizures (Gazzaniga,
1998), allowed researchers to study the resulting
consequences and how each hemisphere of the brain
functions independently. Their research shows that the
brain activity in each hemisphere is associated with
certain brain functions.
Brain Function
Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere
Logic Spatial Relationship
Reasoning Art
Language Imaginations
Personal Memories
PREFERRED LEARNING STYLES AND INFORMATION
PROCESSING BASED ON BRAIN DOMINANCE
BRAIN DOMINANCE THEORY – suggests that the learning
styles of individuals are influenced by a dominant
hemisphere of the brain.
Left-brain dominant individual - prefers analysis and Tony Buzan himself helped develop a software for mind
inductive reasoning and learned in steps mapping called iMindmap 9.

Right-brain dominant individual - prefers global thinking Other mind mapping softwares available
and deductive reasoning and learned better by
understanding the broad-concept before focusing on  Xmind,
details  Mindjet
 Mindmaple.
WHOLE BRAIN THEORY - based on the notion that the
entire brain is active during mental (cognitive) processing
and there is interaction among various parts during
mental processes such as perception and memory.

MIND MAPS
Mind-mapping – Tony Buzan (1942) invented and
popularized
- aid to learning

- a technique where ideas branch from a central

image (Trevino, 2005)

- It enhanced learning by helping students to

remember and understand information (Keles, 2012).

- is a visual tool that facilitates learning and

memory by using cortical skills such as words, images,
numbers, logic, rhythm, color, and spatial awareness
(Buzan, 2013).

- used to generate and organize ideas.

- shows how ideas and concepts are connected to

arouse brain activity which would hopefully lead to
enhanced learning, memory and creativity.

Right-hemisphere dominant prefer mind mapping

(Mehegan, 1996, as cited in Williams, 1999).

The idea behind mind mapping is to engage different

areas of the brain to foster creativity and to encourage
memory retention.

Left hemisphere Right hemisphere

dominant dominant
- mind maps use - mind maps use
structure and images and colors.
words

Buzan recommends some steps to follow when MAKING

A MIND MAP.

1. Create a central idea. Place it at the middle of the

paper. Include an image.
2. Add branches to the map. Main branches are
from the central idea but one can continue to add
child branches.
3. Add keywords using one word per branch.
4. Color code the branches.
5. Include images.

Mind mapping can also be accomplished through the aid

of technology.