Group 1

LEAD
I. Multiple Choice
1. How much lead intake can a child absorb?
a.)40% b.)50%
c.)60% d.)70%
2. Which of the following is NOT a bio-monitor?
a.)Coral b.)Human Tissue Material
c.)Trees d.)Spider web
3.What does IF stands for in heavy metal pollution?
a.)Interference Factor b.)Influence Factor
c.)Industrial Factor d.)Imaginary factor
4.When was leaded gasoline banned in the USA?
a.)1998 b.)2000
c.)2002 c.)2004
5.What is the latin name for Lead?
a.)Plombomb b.)Plumbum
c.)Plumbumb d.)Plombum

Answers : 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B

II. True or False
1.) Scientific name of Peat Bog is Blattella germanica.
2.) One of the main means of dispersing lead is atmospheric transport of aerosols from
smelters and gasoline exhausts.
3.) Humans are the only specie that is greatly affected by atmospheric lead poisoning.
4.) Lead is responsible for the decrease of IQ of exposed children.
5.) Lead has atomic number 80.

1.False 2.True 3.False 4.True 5.False

Group 2
OZONE
True or False
1. Ozone is a gas in the form of oxygen. (TRUE)
2. Good ozone is present naturally in the Earth’s upper atmosphere—40 to 70 miles above the
Earth’s surface. (FALSE)
3. Ozone is generally emitted directly by pollution sources. (FALSE)
4. The ozone concentration is as dependent on the temperature and amount of sunshine as it is on
the presence of the precursor gases. (TRUE)
5. A cool, cloudy summer will produce fewer high ozone readings than a warm, sunny summer.
(TRUE)

Multiple Choice

1. O3 is created by chemical reactions between ____________ and _____________.

a. ultraviolet radiation and c. oxygen and ultraviolet rays

precursor air pollutants (/) d. none of the above
b. ultraviolet radiation and sulfur

2. Which of the following is not a source of VOCs?

a. motor vehicles c. fuel combustion

b. chemical and petroleum d. water industry (/)
industries

3. Where does nitrogen oxides come from?

a. burning of plastics c. ultraviolet radiation

b. motor vehicles and fuel d. diffusion of the solvent in the paint
combustion (/)

4. Ground-level ozone or often called as _____________.

a. fog c. smog (/)

b. smoke d. none of the above

5. Bad ozone forms near ground level when air pollutants react chemically in the presence of

a. bacteria
b. catalyst
c. sunlight (/)
d. ultraviolet rays
Group 3
Group 4
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (CFCs)
Multiple Choice:
1) One or more of the following elements is/are present in CFC compounds.
A. Chlorine
B. Carbon
C. Fluorine
D. All the above

2) This international agreement was created to phase out substances that depleted the ozone
layer.

A. Paris Agreement
B. Montreal Protocol
C. R.A 6969
D. R.A 8749

3) In what layer of the atmosphere are CFCs extremely stable, with estimated atmospheric
residence time of about a century?

A. Magnetosphere
B. Exosphere
C. Stratosphere
D. Troposphere

4) In what layer of the atmosphere does CFCs breakdown and release Chlorine atoms?

A. Magnetosphere
B. Exosphere
C. Stratosphere
D. Troposphere

5) Symptoms of exposure to chlorofluorocarbons can include

A. Drowsiness
B. Slurred speech
C. Disorientation
D. All the above
True/False

1) During World War II CFCs were used to produce aerosols of insecticides. (TRUE)
2) One of the reasons the CFCs have been used so extensively and in such a wide variety of
applications is their high level of toxicity. (FALSE)
3) Stratospheric ozone is consumed by photolysis and by reaction with chlorine radicals.
(FALSE)
4) High energy ultra-violet radiation from the Sun is absorbed by stratospheric ozone.
(TRUE)
5) CFCs were banned globally by the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the
Ozone layer-1987 (and further amendments). (TRUE)
Group 5
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs)
 MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorized indoor organic

pollutants into three, and one of these is the volatile organic
compound (VOCs). What is the boiling point range of VOCs (in °C)?
A. <0 to 50-100 C. 240-260 to 380-400
B. 50-100 to 240-260 D. 380-400 to 500-520
(Answer: B. 50-100 to 240-260)

2. Volatile organic chemicals can cause a variety of different health

effects according to the specific compound – ranging from no
effects to highly toxic effects. This variance is related to the
following except:
A. level of exposure to the C. place of exposure to the
VOC VOC
B. length of exposure to the D. nature of the VOC
VOC
(Answer: C. place of exposure to the VOC)

3. Indoor Air Quality Total Hazard Ratio Indicator was based on the
comparison of the daily ____.

A. reference concentrations C. ambient concentrations

B. provisional concentrations D. standard concentrations
(Answer: C. ambient concentrations)

4. What do you call the ozone found in the Troposphere, which is a

harmful photochemical oxidant that significantly contributes to
the formation of smog?
A. Ground level Ozone C. VOCs
B. Ozone layer D. Stratosphere
(Answer: A. Ground Level Ozone)
5. What does CRI stand for?
A. Critical Ratio Index C. Crucial Reflective Index
B. Carcinogenic Route D. Cancer Risk Indicator
Identification
(Answer: D. Cancer Risk Indicator)
 TRUE OR FALSE

1. Anthropogenic sources emit about 142 teragrams of carbon per year

in the form of VOCs. (Answer: TRUE)

2. Volatile organic compounds are chemicals that contain carbon

including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, which
participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions, except those
designated by EPA as having negligible photochemical reactivity.
(Answer: FALSE)

3. VOCs are chemical substances that can evaporate under normal

atmospheric conditions. (Answer: TRUE)

4. VOCS are key components both in polluted and remote regions of the
troposphere. (Answer: TRUE)

5. Ozone in the mesosphere is part of what is commonly referred to as

the 'ozone layer'. (Answer: FALSE)

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Group 6

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Group 7
AMMONIA
MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is the third most abundant nitrogen containing compound and predominant gaseous
base in the atmosphere?
a. Ammonia
b. Ammonium sulfate
c. Ammonium hydroxide
d. Carbon

2. Chemically ammonia is nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H) and has the chemical
formula NH3.
a. 80% nitrogen and 20% hydrogen
b. 79% nitrogen and 21% hydrogen
c. 82% nitrogen and 18% hydrogen
d. 70% nitrogen and 30% hydrogen

3. Larger amounts of ammonia are usually measured during .

a. winter
b. summer
c. fall
d. spring

4. Ammonia exists naturally in the air at levels .

a. between 1 and 5 ppb
b. between 6 and 7 ppb
c. below 9 ppb
d. above 9 ppb

5. Ammonia is a nonflammable gas but will ignite at a temperature of within

vapor concentration limits between 15% and 28%.
a. 1420°F
b. 1240°F
c. 1204°F
d. 1024°F

TRUE OR FALSE
1. Ammonia does not last very long in the environment because it is recycled naturally, nature
has many ways of incorporating and transforming ammonia. TRUE
2. Ammonia is an irritant and the solution and gas can cause burns of the skin, eyes, mouth,
and lungs. TRUE
3. Ammonia has been classified for carcinogenic effects by EPA, the Department of Health
and Human Services (DHHS), or the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).
FALSE
4. There is no evidence that exposure to the levels of ammonia found in the environment
causes birth defects or other developmental effects. TRUE
5. Ammonia exists naturally in the air at levels between 6 and 7 parts in a billion parts of air
(ppb). FALSE

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Group 8
BENZENE
Multiple Choice.
1.Exposure metrics derived by multiplying the JEM-score and duration (years) for each
employment period.
A.cumulative exposure
b.cumulative peak exposure
c.average exposure intensity
d.exposure duration
2.Exposure metrics derived by multiplying the STEL-score and duration (years) for each
employment period.
a.cumulative exposure
B.cumulative peak exposure
c.average exposure intensity
d.exposure duration
3.Exposure metrics were cumulative exposure is divided by exposure duration.
a.cumulative exposure
b.cumulative peak exposure
C.average exposure intensity
d.exposure duration
4.Is a cyclic hydrocarbon with a chemical formula C6H6 and part of the group of compounds
known as volatile organic compounds.
A.Benzene
b.Xylene
c.Toluene
d.None of the above.
5.Sources of exposure to benzene could be from
a.industrial processes
b.indoor residential air
c.food and water
D.All of these.

TRUE or FALSE

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1.Normal environmental concentrations of benzene are unlikely to damage animals or plants.
TRUE
2.The main uses of benzene are for the production of chemical substances such as dyes,
detergents, coatings, plastics, fibers, pesticides, adhesives, lubricants, dry cleaning agents and
in some types of rubber. TRUE
3.When heated or exposed to flame, benzene do not evaporate easily and is very flammable.
FALSE
4.There are 4 exposure metrics derived to reflect different characteristics of benzene
exposure.
5.Benzene as by-product from petroleum is useful in developing new products such
as polymer products. TRUE

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Group 9

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Group 10
PARTICULATE MATTER

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Group 11
CARBON MONOXIDE

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Group 12
CARBON DIOXIDE

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Group 13
ASBESTOS

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