Name Rehan Akhtar , M.

Dawood Waris
Reg. # 2015-EE-476 , 482
Marks

EXPERIMENT # 4
Three-Phase Power
Objective:-
To calculate / measure three-phase power in a Y- connected load.
Lab Tasks:

1. For the figure given below, calculate three-phase power supplied by the source using
P = √3 VL IL cos θP
2. Simulate the circuit as shown in the Fig. 1 in MATLAB / Simulink
3. For phase ‘a’, measure VLN, Ia and multiply these to get instantaneous phase ‘a’ power.
Using mean block, take the average of this value.
4. Do the same for phase ‘b’ and ‘c’.
5. Display the sum of three individual instantaneous phase powers and also the three
average phase powers on a single scope with two channels.
6. Measure the three phase P & Q using three phase power measurement block.

Theory:-

The total power delivered by a three-phase generator or absorbed by a three-phase

load is found simply by adding the power in each of the three phases. In a balanced circuit this is
the same as multiplying the power in any one phase by 3 since the power is same in all phases.

If magnitude of the voltages to neutral VP for a Y-connected load is

│VP│ = │Van│ = │Vbn│ = │Vcn│

And if the magnitude of the phase current IP for a Y-connected load is

│IP│ = │Ian│ = │Ibn│ = │Icn│

The total three-phase power is

P = 3│VP││IP│cos θP

Where θP is the angle by which phase current IP lags the phase voltage VP, that is, the angle of
the impedance in each phase. If │VL│ and │IL│ are the magnitudes of line-to-line voltage VL
and line current IL, respectively,

│VP│ = │VL│/√3 and │IP│ = │IL│/√3

thus

P = √3│VL││IL│cos θP

The total vars are:

Q = 3│VP││IP│sin θP

Q = √3│VL││IL│sin θP

And the voltamperes of the load are

│S│ = √(P2 + Q2) = √3│VL││IL│

Observation & Calculation:-

Task 1 to 5:

Three phase power:

VLL = 399 Vr.m.s

IL = 21.06 A

θP = -43.15

P = √3 VL IL cos θP = 3546.6 W

P3ϕ from simulation = 4047.3 W

Average values Pa= 3546.6 W

Pb = 3532.19 W

Pc = 3546.04 W

Pa + Pb + Pc = 10670 W
Matlab Simulation:

Task 6:
Question(s) / Exercise:

1. Why is three phase instantaneous power constant?

2. Measure the angle θL between line-line voltage Vab and line current Ia and show that
P3φ ≠ √3 VL IL cos θL
P3φ=10674 ≠ √3 VL IL cos θL= 6145.85
3. What is the value of total three phase reactive power in the system?

Q3ϕ = 9976.67

What is the drawback of the above reactive power in this system?

Due to reactive power, there is a drop in the power factor, the capacity of transmission
lines for active power reduces , causes a voltage drop at the terminal due to increased
current flowing through the line, causes increased losses.

Insert a resistance of 0.1Ω in each phase conductor and measure the power loss in
this resistance for the above system.

I=29.50 R=0.1

Ploss = (29.50)^2 * 0.1 = 87.025

Increase the power factor to unity by adding a Y-connected 3 phase capacitor bank and
measure the above power loss again. Give calculations of capacitor value and also give the
percentage of the reduction in power loss.

I= 21.06

R= 0.1

Ploss= (21.06)^2 * 0.1

= 44.35

PLR= (87.025 – 44.35)/87.025

= 49.03

Conclusion:-
Calculations: