Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Yale University has signed an agreement to return to Peru some 5,000 Inca artifacts removed from the famous Machu Picchu
citadel nearly a century ago. The relics - stone tools, ceramics and human and animal bones - will be housed in a new centre in the city
of Cuzco. The deal ends a long dispute over the artifacts, which were taken from Machu Picchu by American explorer Hiram Bingham
in 1912.
"This agreement ensures the expanded accessibility of these Machu Picchu collections for research and public appreciation in their
natural context," Yale President Richard Levin said. Victor Raul Aguilar, rector of San Antonio Abad University in Cuzco, said he
hoped that "all who visit Machu Picchu will enrich their experience and understanding of Inca culture with a visit to the centre". The
International Centre for the Study of Machu Picchu and Inca Culture will be jointly run by the US and Peruvian universities.
Peru had argued during the dispute that the artifacts were lent in 1911 but never returned. It filed a lawsuit against Yale in 2008.
Yale had said that it returned those relics which it borrowed, while it had full ownership of many others. It also took protest marches
and a letter penned by Peruvian President Alan Garcia to his US counterpart Barack Obama to win the battle over the artifacts.
The relics will be yet another attraction for hundreds of thousands of tourists who visit the 15th Century Inca site every year.
(www.bbc.co.uk)
1. Yale University agreed to buy 5, 000 Inca artifacts from Peru.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
2. The relics will be exhibited in the capital of Peru.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
3. Hiram Bingham first discovered Machu Pichu in 1912.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
4. The Machu Pichu collections will available for research and' public appreciation.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
5. The Peruvian president visited Barack Obama.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Doesn't say
2. Read the text below. For questions 1 -10, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.
Write your answers on your exam sheet.
Just in the past 18 months or so, www.fanfiction.net. which launched in late 1998, has attracted tens of thousands of teenagers
who like to read and write fan fiction - stories based on celebrities or popular characters from literature, TV, even comics. The site
lists more than 100 "fandoms" in the book category, ranging from Anne Frank to Young Jedi Knights; under music, there's
writing built around everyone from David Bowie to David Cassidy. While most other fan-fiction sites are boutiques devoted to
Harry Potter or The X Files, "FFN is the giant shopping mali," says Tara O'Shea, 28, who started writing fan fiction at age 11. Says
Chris Burks, creator of www.lit.org.asite for original fiction writers: "There's nothing else like it. Nobody else is archiving so much
or has such an open editorial policy."
FFN has some 115,000 members.A third of them are 18 and under, and about 80% are female, according to creator Xing Li, 24, a
computer programmer who lives in Los Angeles and calls the site "strictly a hobby." Registration is free but permitted only if you
click the box marked "I'm at least 13" (there's no accounting for dishonest answers).Writers upload stories directly to the site,
assigning a category and rating from G to NC-17. There's no screening process, no editorial board; most features are
automated, and Li relies on members to report inappropriate behavior (he has booted a few troublemakers).Anyone can post
anything, then sit back and wait for the reviews to roll in.
But there's real value to having your peers cheer you on, says Merle Marsh, a prep school administrator and author of
several parents' guides to the Net, including Everything You Need to Know (But Were Afraid to Ask Kids) About the
Information, Highway (Computer Learning Foundation). Marsh applauds the site for encouraging young people to read
and write; she only wishes they weren't writing about Buffy the Vampire Slayer. "It would be better if they were coming up with
their own characters," she says, "but maybe this is the way they need to start."
Marsh is more concerned that a site so popular with the under-18 set is unsupervised and doesn't restrict access to mature
material-such as the NC-17-rated tales involving J.K.Rowling's Draco Malfoy and Severus Snape submitted by a girl whose
online bio says she's 13. But censorship would be counter to l.i's vision of an online community free to share its stuff, raw and uncut
- as long as the graphic material is clearly marked. "I know how hard these writers work, and I respect it," says Li. Running the site
takes 25 hours out of his week, but U says if it helps aspiring scribes find an audience, it's worth it.
(www.time.com)
1. www.fanfiction.net
A. has published thousands of fan fiction stories.
B. has sold thousands of books.
C. has been visited by a lot of teenage users.
D. has commissioned thousands of novels.
2. FFN is
A. a clothes boutique.
B. a site for original fiction writers.
C. a huge shopping centre.
D. a website for fan fiction lovers.
3. According to its creator, a third of FFN's members.
A. are only young women.
B. pay a monthly subscription.
C. have to submit a story.
D. are young people under and of age.
4. Xing Li
A. earns a lot of money from the site.
B. is a computer programmer in Taiwan.
C. started the website as a pastime.
D. is one of the richest people in the USA.
5. To become a member of the website
A. one has to register.
B. one has to be under 18.
C. one has to pay a fee.
D. one has to fill in a form.
6. Writers
A. send their stories to an editorial board.
B. type their stories themselves.
C. proofread their stories.
D. post their stories to the site.
7. Merle Marsh
A. disapproves of the site's editorial policy.
B. peer reviews are really valuable.
C. gives advice to teenagers' parents:
D. acknowledges the need for such a site.
8. The website
A. encourages young people to write about Buffy.
B. promotes great works of literature.
C. stimulates young people to read and write.
D. support young writers.
9. Censorship
A. is against Li's principles.
B. is necessary in an online community.
C. ensures only suitable materials are published.
D. applies only to graphic material.
10. Running the site
A. is a profitable business.
B. is time consuming for Li.
C. is an automated process.
D. is really hard work.
3.Write a short narrative about the way you discovered the character of one of your friends. Write your answer in
80-100 words.
4. Write an argumentative essay in response to the following statement: Young people today do not use their free
time wisely. Write your answer in 180-200 words.