Design of Square footing

For Axially Loaded Square Column Only

Inputs: Taget Output (footing size):

Dead Load: 30 KN Footing Width, B: 0.80 m
Live Load: 16 KN Height of footing, h: 0.20 m
Allowable Soil Pressure, qa: 143.6 KN/m2 Depth of Footing, d: 0.10 m
Unit weight of soil, γs: 16 MPa No. of Reinforcement: 3.00 pcs.
Depth of footing embedment, df: 0.3048 m Development Length: 0.30 m
Assume weight of footing: 10 percent
Compressive strength of concrete, fc': 20.7 MPa
Yield Strength of steel, fy': 275 MPa
Column dimension: 1.95 m x 1.076 m
Reinforcement bar diameter: 16 mm

1. Compute for initial footing dimension:

a. B = √[( DL + LL + wt. of ftg. ) / qa] if unit weight of soil and depth of embedment of footing is not given
B= 0.69 m Pu
b. B = √[( DL + LL ) / ( qa - γs∙df )]
B= 0.70 m
c. wt of ftg: 22 KN NGL
2. Compute for Pu (Ultimate load):
Pu = 1.4DL + 1.7 LL
Pu = 69.20 KN df

3. Compute for qu (ultimate soil pressure):

qu = Pu / A(footing) h
2
qu = 108.13 KN/m
4. Compute for effective depth of footing, d:
B
a. from punching shear (figure 2) Figure 1
Vu = qu [ B2 - ( c + d )2] eq'n 1
Vc = qc ( c + d )( 4d ) eq'n 2 d/2 d/2
c
qc = 1/3 * ( √Fc' ) eq'n 3
but: Vu = ΦVc eq'n 4
qc = 1.52 MPa from eq'n 3

From eq'n 4: B
2
0= -47.67481 d -49.1611866 d + 1.80
By Quadratic Formula:
d= -1.07 m
d= 0.04 m
use d = 0.10 m Figure 2a
Pu

b. from wide beam shear

R1 = qu (area) NGL
= qu (B)[(B-c)/2 - d] eq'n 1
V1 = qc (shear area)
= qc (d)(B) eq'n 2
qc = 1/6 * Φ * √Fc' eq'n 3
h
But: V1 = R1 eq'n 4
qc = 0.64 MPa from eq'n 3
from eq'n 4: B
d= (0.01) m Figure 2b
d= (0.10) m
d
 d
[(b-c)/2]-d
5. Compute for reinforcement (Figure 4): considering 1 m strip
a. for area of steel, As:
Mu = R[(B - c)/4] eq'n 1
but: R = [(B - c)/2](1m)(qu) eq'n 2
also: Mu = ΦAsFy(d-a/2) eq'n 3
a = (AsFy)/(0.85Fc')(B) eq'n 4 B

R= (14.92) KN from eq'n 1

Mu = 1.03 KN-m from eq'n 2
from eq'n 3
0= 2227671.7 As2 + -27500 As + 1.14
2
As = 0.000042 m V1
As = 0.012303 m
2 [(b-c)/2]-d

b. check steel ratio: h

ρactual = As/bd
= 0.000004 B
ρmin =1.4/fy ADOPT ρ=
= 0.0050909 0.005091 Figure 3
b. for number of steel bars, n: R1
(b-c)/2
2
As = 0.0004073 m
n= 2.0256084 bars
say = 3 bars Both ways

6. Check Assumptions, solve for h:

B
h = d + 1.5(bar diam.) + 75
h= 199.00 mm
say = 200.00 mm
actual wt of ftg.:
wt of ftg = VOLftg ∙ γc V1
(b-c)/2
= 3.02 KN < assumed wt., OK!
h
Actual soil bearing pressure: As
qactual = qsoil(Pu)/Service Load 1m
2
= 216.02435 KN/m > qu, SAFE!
Figure 4
6. Compute for required development length: R

req'd ld = .02Abfy/√fc'
= 243.06 mm

min ld = .06(bar dia.)(fy) or 300 mm

= 264 mm
300 mm

provided ld = (B-c)/2 - 75
= -213 mm 300
mm

7. Compute for bearing strength:

Bearing Strength = Φ(0.85)fc'A1√(A2/A1) ≥ Pu

A1 = column area if √(A2/A1) > 2; use 2
2
= 2.0982 m = 0.552
A2 = footing area use 0.552
2
= 0.64 m

Bearing Strength= 14272.523 KN OK! Adopt footing size.