CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents with research design, population and sampling

techniques, research instrument, statistical treatment, data gathering

procedure, supplies and materials, tools and equipment, construction

procedure, construction timeframe and cost of materials that served as the

guide of the researchers in developing a Modified Induction Cooker.

Research Design

The developmental method of research was used for well-ordered

testing of casual processes to determine the boundless innovations and

improve the function abilities of this present study. The general procedure to

determine its effect on dependent variable was that one or more independent

was manipulated. Developmental research design used special purpose

books, internet access, included thesis and magazines and other forms of

writing which help the researchers in information gathering.

According to Richey and Klein (2006), developmental research has

been defined as the systematic study of designing, developing, and

evaluating instructional programs, processes, and products that must meet

criteria of internal consistency and effectiveness.

On this study, the researchers also gathered and organized

information from different sources like books, journals, internet, unpublished

materials such as thesis, as well as interviews to further understand the

concept and apply those ideas to the project. From those gathered

information, the researchers underwent a systematic process in making the

project possible. After all the researchers and interviews, the next step is the

designing of the prototype. The design was developed until the desired output

has been achieved and met the demands for evaluation.

Based on what was held above, the project is a product of

developmental research since it focuses on developing and improving the

existing conventional cooker by showing all the possible data gathered upon

conducting experiment.

POPULATION AND SAMPLING

The respondent of this study came from Brgy. Bubukal, Sta. Cruz,

Laguna. They were identified using the Sloven’s formula: n (sample size) = N

(household) / 1 + N (household) x e2 (margin of error at .05 squared)

The proponents used the Slovin’s Formula which gives the computed

sample of the household with an error of 5% and prepare six (6) questions to

be answered by the computed sample which equivalent to three hundred

fifteen (315) household of the said barangay. The respondents have to

answer a certain criteria that respond to the objectives of this design project.

Research Instrument

The researchers have conducted a survey prior to perceive the result

of the developmental method of research. Eventually, the survey

questionnaire used by the proponents is answerable by a five point scale

system: 5 – Strongly Agree, 4 – Agree, 3 – Moderately Disagree, 2 –

Disagree and 1 – Strongly Disagree. In relation to this, tabular solution and

computations have been displayed consecutively on the next chapter to

explain the feedback output from the respondents.

The process of the surveying method is composed of two subdivisions;

one is the technical aspect and the other is the descriptive aspect, they were

conformed to answer such questionnaires that are based upon the efficiency

of the system which is significantly related to its accessibility, physical

appearance and user-friendly characteristics. Each question was directing

selected people to answer and rate the following instance by a relative

number from one (1) to five (5). In relation to this, the highest rating is 5, while

the lowest is 1.

Statistical Treatment

In order to determine the level of acceptability of Modified Induction

Cooker in terms of practicality and efficiency, the researchers gathered the

data from the respondents. Calculations were done by using mean and

standard deviation. The mean which is also referred to as the average was

chosen as one of the statistical tools used to interpret the data as to measure

the center of the numerical data set. The researchers also used standard

deviation to measure the preciseness of the level of acceptability of the

prototype.
 After the researchers determined the weighted mean and the standard

deviation, the computed values was then compared to its corresponding

verbal interpretation. The range of 4.65 – 5.00 has an interpretation of

strongly agree, 3.54 – 4.64 has an interpretation of agree, 2.60 – 3.53 has an

interpretation of undecided, 1.80 – 2.59 has an interpretation of disagree and

1.00 – 1.79 has an interpretation of strongly agree.

Data Gathering Procedure

The following are the steps in designing and constructing Modified

Induction Cooker.

START

Data Gathering Procedure

Conceptualization of Design

Development and Construction of the Prototype

Finalization of all Gathered Information

Figure 2. Data Gathering Procedure

The initial procedure conducted by the researchers was gathering all

the data needed in the project. The researchers arrived from conceptualizing

the possible solutions to the problem which is the Modified Induction Cooker.

After this procedure, the gathered concepts and ideas were used as

basis in constructing the preliminary ideas on the requirements for choosing

the project supplies and materials as well as tools and equipment for the
development of the design. The researchers consult the data gathered for the

finalization of the project. All the information necessary for the project was

obtained.

Supplies and Materials

The following are the most necessary supplies and materials used in

construction of the research project which discuss the quantity, measurement

and description.

Table 1. Supplies and Materials

Quantity Unit of Measurement Description of Material

4 piece LM555 TIMER IC
8 piece 10K ohms Resistor
8 piece 1K ohms Resistor
4 piece 47K ohms Resistor
4 piece 10nf Ceramic Capacitor
4 piece 2.2uf/16V Electrolytic Capacitor
4 piece 4.7uf/16V Electrolytic Capacitor
4 piece 1N4001 Diode
4 piece 2N3904 NPN Transistor
3 piece DPDT 12V Relay
1 piece SPDT 12V Relay
1 piece 4 Position Rotary Switch
5 piece LED
1 piece Driver
1 Meter Lead
3 piece PCB
3 Meter Connecting wires
 Table 1 consists of list of materials needed in construction the

prototype such as: LM555 TIMER IC, Resistor, Capacitor, Relay, Transistor,

Rotary Switch, Heating Element, Driver, Diode, Lead, connecting wires, PCB,

and LED. The resources in terms of materials and equipment for the induction

cooker will be acquired locally in Santa Cruz, Laguna except for the driver.

Tools and Equipment

The following tools and equipment are the most necessary during the

construction of the research project.

Table 2. Tools and Equipment

Tools and Equipment Function

Set of Pliers It is used to hold screw for tightening and

also use for cutting wires.

Hack Saw It is used for cutting small and medium size

metal.

Screw driver It is used to loosen and tighten the screw in

the project.

Multi – tester It is used to measure the required voltage,

current and resistance of the system.

Riveter It is used to rivet the packaging of the

project.

Drill It is used for drilling holes in various

materials.

Soldering iron It is used to join two or more terminal wire

permanently.

Cutter It is used to removed plastic components

and trim grabs form metal structures
 The table shows the list of important tools and equipment needed

during the construction and the completion of this study. This includes pliers,

hack saw, screw driver, multi-tester, riveter, drill, soldering iron and cutter.

Construction Procedure

As per the requirement input sources of this project has to be

renewable and available in rural areas, a cheap but efficient materials was

used. In order to meet the desired outcome, the researchers considered the

following procedures developing the project “Modified Induction Cooker”

which is shown in the flow chart below

START

Conceptualizing the Prototype's Design

Lay outing the Prototype

Gathering data and information for tools, equipment,

and materials

Canvassing the Supplies and Materials

Purchasing the Supplies and Materials

A
 A

Preparing the Supplies and Materials,Tools and

Equipment

Assembling and fabricating the prototype

Trials and Testing of Prototype

NO
Revision of
Prototype
Results
Acceptable

YES

END

Figure 4. Construction Procedure

The first procedure in constructing the prototype was conceptualizing

of the prototype. In this procedure, the researchers conducted brainstorming

to conceptualize the detailed parts, and physical and structural aspects of the

prototype. Next in the procedure is lay outing the prototype. In this procedure,

the researcher made detailed figure of the project by presenting the precise

measurement and appropriate position of each variable of this prototype.

Gathering data and information for the appropriate tools, materials and
devices that would be used for the study was the next procedure. In this part

the researchers write down all the appropriate tools, materials and devices

that would be used to construct the project. After gathering the data and

information, canvassing the necessary supplies and materials for construction

of the product followed. In this procedure, the researchers conclusive survey

about the price and quality of the supplies and materials for the construction

of the prototype. After that, purchasing the supplies and materials was next.

In this part the researchers secured all the needed supplies and materials in

order to construct the project. Preparation of the supplies and materials to

construct the project would be followed. In this procedure, the researchers

properly prepared the supplies and materials even the tools and equipment to

be used in assembling the prototype. Assembling and fabricating the

prototype would be followed. In this procedure, the researcher should attach

all the materials of the prototype like the ceramic, fuse, thermostat and

heating element. Testing, making trials and revisions for the better result of

the project would be next. In this part, the researchers should conduct three

or more trials in order to construct better outcome of the project. And the final

procedure is the finalization of the prototype. In this procedure, the prototype

should ready for evaluation. Evaluating the project for the finding and

recommendations would be the last.

Construction Time Frame

The chart shows the presumed duration of activities that the

researchers estimated to construct the prototype.

 Time Duration
Activities
April May June July August September October

2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017 2017

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2

Conceptuali
zing of the
prototype.
Canvassing
and
purchasing
supply
Layout and
wiring the
device
Constructing
the device
Try-outs and
revisions
Packaging

Evaluation
of the
prototype

Figure 5. Construction Time Frame

The figure shows the Construction Time Frame of how long the

researchers will take to build the project. It shows the duration of work for

each procedure to completely construct the prototype. The researchers took

twenty six weeks to finish the project starting from the gathering of necessary

information. The researchers started to canvass the supplies and materials on

the second week of May.

On the third week of July, the main construction has been started. The

process continued until the first week of October. Then, second week of

October the project was already done and evaluated.

Cost of Materials

Table 3 presents the cost of materials used to construct the prototype.

 Table 3. Cost of Materials

Unit of Unit Total

Quantity Measurement Description of Material Price Price
4 pcs. LM555 TIMER IC 15.00 60.00
8 pcs. 10K ohms Resistor 0.50 4.00
8 pcs. 1K ohms Resistor 0.50 4.00
4 pcs. 47K ohms Resistor 0.50 2.00
4 pcs. 10nf Ceramic Capacitor 2.00 8.00
4 pcs. 2.2uf/16V Electrolytic 3.00 12.00
Capacitor
4 pcs. 4.7uf/16V Electrolytic 3.00 12.00
Capacitor
4 pcs. 1N4001 Diode 4.00 16.00
4 pcs. 2N3904 NPN Transistor 15.00 60.00
3 pcs. DPDT 12V Relay 45.00 135.00
1 pcs. SPDT 12V Relay 35.00 35.00
1 pcs. 4 Position Rotary Switch 30.00 30.00
5 pcs. LED 2.00 10.00
1 pcs. Driver 300.00 300.00
5 Meter Connecting Wire 10.00 50.00
3 Pcs. PCB 12.00 36.00
1 pcs. Exhaust Fan 150.00 100.00
1 pcs. Fuse 5.00 5.00
Sub – Total 889.00
Miscellaneous Expenses 356.00
Total 1245.00

The table shows the costing of the materials used in the construction of

the prototype that includes the quantity, description, per unit and the total

price of each material.