Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Equivalent
Development of Interaction Diagrams
b cu=0.003 0.85f’c
Fs4
As4, d4 s4 fs4
c a Cc
M
As3, d3 s3
P X fs3 P Fs3
h
As2, d2 s2 fs2
Y Fs2
As1, d1 fs1
s1 Fs1
Section Strain Stress Equilibrium
Pn Cc Fsi 0.85 f cab Asi f si where f si f y
h a h
M n Cc Fsi d i
2 2 2
※ P-M interaction curve can be constructed by
plotting (Mn,Pn) for various s1 or c.
Example 10.2: column section
64 mm 482 mm 64 mm
610 mm
Example 10.2: Strain Profile
0.002
s 180 a 1c 0.85 366 311.1 mm
244
0.001475
0.003
s 302
366
0.002475 y
64 mm 180 mm 302 mm 64 mm
244 mm c=366 mm
610 mm
Example 10.2: Force Equilibrium
Cc 0.85 f cab
0.85 27.6 311.1 356 10 3
f s 0.001475 200000
2598 kN
295 MPa
92 mm
801 kN
571 kN
155 mm
149 mm
64 mm 241 mm 241 mm 64 mm
305 mm 305 mm
s > y (y)
64 mm
610 mm
Example 10.2: P-M Interaction Curve
6595 kN
403 kN-m
1602 kN
P-M Interaction Diagram
P-M Interaction Depending on Steel
P-M Curve with Strength Reduction Factor
(Mn, Pn)
(Mn, Pn)
P-M Curve for Design
Pn 0.80 0.85 f cAg Ast f y Ast
Pn 0.85 0.85 f cAg Ast f y Ast
Modification of Strength Reduction Factor
Column Design Using P-M
Interaction Diagrams
• Column design charts are nothing but P-M
interaction curves arranged in one of various
ways
• The primary purpose of design charts is to
make column design quick and easy without
constructing the P-M curve for every specific
column
• It is important to keep the bar arrangement as
close as possible between the chart and
reality
Estimation of Column Size
• Least dimension of rectangular section 200 mm
• Minimum diameter of circular section 300 mm
• For tied columns
Pu
Ag
0.45 f c f y
• For spiral columns
Pu
Ag
0.55 f c f y
Example 10.3 The short 1420 in (356508 mm) tied column is to
be used to support PD=125 k (556 kN), PL=140 k (623 kN), MD=75
k-ft (102 kN-m) and ML=90 k-ft (122 kN-m). If f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa)
and fy=60 ksi (414 MPa), select reinforcing bars to be placed in its
end faces only using appropriate ACI column interaction diagrams.
(64 mm)
☞ Since column design charts in SI units are
not available, US customary units are used.
Pn 575.4
(64 mm) 0.513
f cAg 4 14 20
Pn e 575.4 7.51
0.193
f c Ag h 4 14 20 20
0.022 ( 0.7, Graph A3)
0.0185 ( 0.8, Graph A4)
0.0202 ( 0.75)
(381) (508 mm)
Ast bh 0.0202 356 508 3653 mm 2
Use 6 #29 ( Ast , provided 3870 mm 2 )
fs
Since 0.55 1.0 t 0.002
fy
(356 mm) (64 mm) 0.65 O.K.
0.513 0.022
0.193
0.513 0.0185
0.193
Example 10.4 Design a short column for Pu=600 kips (2670 kN),
Mu=125 k-ft (170 kN-m), f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa), fy=60 ksi (414 MPa).
Place bars uniformly around all four faces.
Determination of column section, assuming 0.02 64 mm
Pu 600 1000
Ag 256 in 2
0.45 f c f y 0.454000 0.02 60000
16 16 in (256 in 2 )
16 2 1.6 2 3 / 8 1
0.69
16
0.65 assumed
Pn P 600
u 0.901 279 406
f cAg f cAg 0.65 4 256
Mn Mu 125 12
0.141
f cAg h f cAg h 0.65 4 256 16
0.04 ( 0.6, f s f y 0 0.65, Graph A6)
0.036 ( 0.7, f s f y 0 0.65, Graph A7) 279 mm
0.036 0.04 64 64
0.04 0.09 0.0364 ( 0.69) 64 mm
0.1
Ast bh 0.0364 256 25.4 2 6012 mm 2 406 mm
Use 8 #32 ( Ast , provided 6552 mm 2 )
0.04
0.901
0.141
0.036
0.901
0.141
Example 10.5 Select reinforcing bars for the short round
spiral column if f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa), fy=60 ksi (414
MPa), Pu=500 kips (2225 kN), Mu=200 k-ft (271 kN-m).
Pu 500
0.531
f c Ag 0.75 4 314
Mu 200 12
0.127
202580 mm2 f cAg h 0.75 4 314 20
15
0.75
20
381 mm 0.0195 ( 0.7, f s f y 0.45, Graph A11)
64 mm 64 mm
508 mm 0.0155 ( 0.8, f s f y 0.55, Graph A12)
0.0175 ( 0.75 by interpolation )
Ast Ag 0.0175 202580 3545 mm 2
Use 6 #29 ( Ast , provided 3870 mm 2 )
Since f s f y 1.0, t y , 0.7
0.024
0.531
0.127
0.02
0.531
0.127
Example 10.7 Using the appropriate interaction curves, determine
the value of Pn for the short tied column if ex=10 in (254 mm).
Assume f’c=4 ksi (26.7 MPa) and fy=60 ksi (414 MPa).
(76 mm)
e 10
0.5
3#32(2445 mm2) h 20
2 3.79
0.0316
12 20
(356) (508)
14
0.7
3#32(2445 mm2) 20
(305 mm)
(76 mm)
From Fig.10.15,
Pn e 0.24 f cAg h 0.24 4 12 20 20
0.24 is read Pn 460.8 kips
f cAg h e 10
0.0316
Shear in Columns
1
i) without axial load, Vc f c bw d (approximate)
6
Vu d bw d
Vc
f c 120 ρw 0.3 f cbw d (accounting for flexure)
Mu 7
Vu d
where 1
Mu
ii) with axial compression,
Nu 1
Vc 1 f c bw d (approximate)
14 A 6
g
4h d
M m M u Nu for M u when accounting for flexure noted above
8
0.3 N u 1
ii) with axial tension, Vc 1 f c bw d
Ag 6
where N u factored axial load, positive in compression and all units in N , mm.
Biaxial Bending
Biaxial Bending – Bresler Formula
1 1 1 1
Pni Pnx Pny Po
where
Pni the nominal axial load capacity of the section when the load is placed
at a given eccentricity along both axes
Pnx the nominal axial load capacity of the section when the load i splaced
at an eccentricity ex
Pny the nominal axial load capacity of the section when the load is placed
at an eccentricity e y
Po the nominal axial load capacity of the section when the load is placed
with a zero eccentricity. It is usually taken as 0.85 f cAg Ast f y
Example 10.8 Determine the design capacity Pni of the short tied
column subjected to biaxial bending. Use f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa),
fy=60 ksi (414 MPa), ex=16 in (406 mm) and ey=8 in (203 mm).
(64 mm)
0.0213
0.185
Example 10.8 Determine the design capacity Pni of the short tied
column subjected to biaxial bending. Use f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa),
fy=60 ksi (414 MPa), ex=16 in (406 mm) and ey=8 in (203 mm).
(64 mm)
0.0213
0.159
e/h=0.53
0.0213
0.177
Example 10.8 Determine the design capacity Pni of the short tied
column subjected to biaxial bending. Use f’c=4 ksi (27.6 MPa),
fy=60 ksi (414 MPa), ex=16 in (406 mm) and ey=8 in (203 mm).
(64 mm)
Axial loading capacity for M 0
Po 0.85 f cAg f y Ast
0.85 4 15 25
(8 #29)
60 8
(508) (635)
1755 kips
Using Bresler's formula
1 1 1 1
Pni Pnx Pny Po
1 1 1
254
(64 mm)
(64 mm) 434 452.3 1755
(381 mm) Pni 253.5kips