Inching Towards Sustainable Urban Transport

– Case Delhi

PTV User Group Meeting, London

18.06.13

Presented By:
Sharad Mohindru
Sr. Manager (Transport Planning Group)
Presentation Structure
Part - I Part-II Part - III Part - IV
DIMTS – • Setting • Existing • Sustainable • Addressing
Company the Issues Urban the issues
Intro scene Transport & DIMTS
(SUT) Role in SUT
DIMTS Company Intro
Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS)
 Company Overview
 DIMTS is 50:50 Joint Venture of
 Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD), and
 IDFC Foundation (non-profit company)
 To provide expert services in urban transport & infrastructure development

Transport Advisory Transport Transport

Engineering
Planning services Technologies Operations
• Comprehensive • Bus corporatization • Asset tracking and • Project • Bus Rapid Transit
mobility planning scheme fleet management Management Corridor
• Traffic simulation • Inter State Bus • Automatic Fare • Construction Management
• Traffic and Terminal Collection • Design • Driving License
transportation development • Intelligent Signaling • Multi-level parking management
planning • Procurement System • Railways • Bus operations as
• Route services • Electronic Toll Integrated
• Bus Depot
Rationalization • Bus Shelters Collection Mechanism
• Design and
Feasibility Studies
• High speed Rail
corridors
• Mumbai Mono Rail
• Bus Rapid Transit
Corridor Design
• Personal Rapid
Transit  We are one of the largest Transport Planning Team in India
• Railway station,  We use Modern Softwares & Tools for the project delivery
bus terminal.
Delhi Integrated Multi Modal Transit System Ltd. (DIMTS)
Range Of Solutions

End to End Solutions in Transportation Sector

Turnkey
Engineering Asset &
Transaction Operations Project
Advisory
Services & IT Management Concessionaire
enabling Services
initiatives

“Concept to Commissioning with Asset and Operation

Management Services” in Urban Transit
2 292
294 1

4
28 295 296 297

299
3
298
27 300 7
309
26 18 5
306 6 8 350
29 310 308 307 21 19
17
311 49
305 303 15 272 271
266
50 5455 13
304 23 2252 14 11 269 262 263264
30 33 25 24 51 56
34 45 53 7172 12 10
36
35 39
48 316 63 64 68 66 241
67 70 78
312 42 59 62 65 248
247 239
43 58 61 69 9 77
313 360
32 44 41 57 103 99100 74 75 76 233
94 91 80 356 225
121 315 101 97 95 88
90 85 79 229
139 122 116 106105 98 89 352 347346
318 124113 109 112 150 149 275 273 81 228 227
125 123 223
117 111 329 274 153 224 219 342
138 319 278 216
119
128 118110 285 354 277 359 215
148 120 129 287 279 220 214
137 135136 355 154
147 130 286 280 351 211212
320 288 276
321 281 334
140 145 282
134
323 289 291 168 283 158 155330 205
324 284 159160 339
322 165167 163 332 193
357 290
327 192194 206
326
133 325
144 336 171 161331
191 196 200 208341
189 190
141 143 328 333 169 184 340 207
170 185 197
172 199
335 181 179 338 201
174 188 198
187 202
173 186
178
177

175 176
Feasibility & Detailed Engineering of Mass Rapid Projects
Detail Feasibility Study of Delhi Mono Rail.
Mono Rail Feasibility Study of Mono Rail in Mumbai.
AWARDS

• 2008 (Intl. Asso. of

Feasibility Study for Bangalore Public Tpt)
Rapid Rail - Delhi Ghaziabad Meerut • 2009 (Ministry of
Rapid Rail Rapid Rail - Delhi Sonipat Panipat Urban Devp.)

• 2010 (Solution for

our Future Awards –
Light Rail Light Rail Transit for Delhi Shanghai Expo 2010)

• 2010 (Urban Mobility

Conference – IUT)
Personal Rapid Personal Rapid Transit System – Delhi
• Best NMT – Green
Transit Personal Rapid Transit System - Mumbai Bike

Detailed Engineering & Infrastructure Projects

Bus Terminal & Renovation of Interstate Bus Terminus at
BQS Kashmere Gate, Anand Vihar, Sarai Kale Khan.
PMC for Bus Q Shelters in Delhi
ITS & Control Intelligent Transport System, AVL, AFCS, ISS,
Centre Control Room
Route Rationalization, Bus Management
O& M of BRT
corridor Operation and Maintenance of BRT Corridor
Part @ 1
Setting an example
Setting the Scene - Ideal vs Actual

Wake Jogging Drop to Go to Go to Reach

up school office evening home
leisure happily
Part @ 2
Existing Issues
WE all love to move, travel,
discover… by different
ways and modes…
Is My City’s Pollution Free
Can I Travel Freely Safely ?
Where are the parks?
Where is the public realm?
Where do people gather?
How do you go place to place?
How do you go to market?
How does a child visit a friend?
How do we travel for evening
leisure?

City Planning Impact our Lives….

What is the true picture???
Is it a walk able
street at 440 C?
How to catch a
bus?
From where can I
get a Metro?
 Where can I rest?
Where is the comfort?
Can we have a surface
level crossing?
Where is the SPACE ?

SPACE
Defining : SPACE
S >> Safety
Defining : SPACE

“I want to
take the
shortest
route”
Defining : SPACE

P >> Priority

“Priority for
whom?”
 Defining : SPACE
A >> Accessible
 Defining : SPACE

C >> Comfort

Pedestrian overpasses -
an uncomfortable affair
Defining : SPACE

E >> Enjoyable

Is it Enjoyable?
Defining : SPACE
E = Enforcement
Whose area is Footpath?
Where is the footpath?
Transportation?

Mobility:
Efficient movement of people and goods

Accessibility:
ability to reach destination conveniently

Traffic:
vehicle movement and speed
Do We Analyze our Investments?
Why we cannot build our way out of
traffic?
Is Transport Investment Moving in Right Direction…?
In Delhi, private vehicles carry < 20% people
& yet roads are choked

27
Declining share of public transport
In last 8 years, Bus ridership has decreased by 17%,

Modal Split in Delhi, 2001 – 2008

59.8%
(Figures in Percentage)

41.5%

21.5%
17.2%
13.9%
10.3%
7.9%
4.1% 5.3% 6.8%
3.1% 3.6% 3.6%
0.0% 0.7% 0.7%

Car/Taxi Two Wheelers Auto Rickshaw Bus Metro Train (IR) Bicycle Cycle Rickshaws
2000-01
2007-08
Source: RITES Study 2008
We added 50 Flyovers in last 10 years…

…….for what?????
The Traffic Story – Delhi…

Total population of 16.8 million – with Hindustan Times New Delhi, October 24, 2012

an annual growth rate of 4%

 Thrust towards Private Vehicle ownership
One of the highest road densities in India.
Vehicle Ownership – Delhi, 1981-2008
(Figures in Percent)
4000000

3800000

3600000

3400000

3200000
 7.2 million vehicles
in the city, of which
3000000
NO. OF VEHICLES REGISTERED

Two Wheelers
of Vehicles

2800000

2600000

2400000
more than two
2200000 thirds are
Number

2000000

1800000
motorcycles.
1600000
Cars  1,400 vehicles
added daily.
1400000

1200000

1000000

800000

600000

400000 Buses and Other Heavy vehicles

200000

Source: Transport Department, GNCTD

Three-wheelers
0
1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Years (1981-2008)
Delhi Vs. Other World Cities
Delhi is developing urban sprawl
World Cities - Population per sq. km.
30,100
• Population per sq. km in Delhi
24,500 24,448
is less compared to other
13,930 cities like Hong Kong, Seoul
10,400
9,340
and Paris (City) which are
more densely populated.
Hong Kong Seoul Paris (City) Delhi (Urban) Delhi (Whole) Tokyo

• Road space as percentage of

Road Space as Percentage of Total Area
21% total land area is 21% in
Delhi.
13% 13%
12%

• Present road length- 33,000

11% 11%

Kms with limited expansion

Delhi Tokyo Munich Hong Kong Paris Bangkok
possibilities.
33
Outcomes - Automobile Dependent Cities?

Environmental
problems

Economic Social
problems problems
Can Something be done?
Delhi BRT

Over time, achieving

greater sustainability
in transport means...

... investing in schemes and

initiatives that improve
accessibility.
 Part @ 3
Sustainable Urban Transport
Vision for City Master Plan
 Sustainable Transportation Policy

1 Walk First

2 Pedal Next

3 Public Transport

4 Motor Vehicles
Main Components of Sustainable Transport

• Public Transport with priority

over all other modes on the
road

• Non-motorised transport

• Creating/conserving public
space

• PT Integration

• TDM measures
 National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP)
• Integrating land use and transport planning
• Equitable allocation of road space
• Priority to the use of public transport
• Quality and pricing of Public Transport
• Technologies for Public Transport
• Integrated public transport systems
• Role of para-transit
• Priority to non-motorized transport
• Parking
• Use of cleaner technologies
• Innovative financing mechanisms using land
as a resource
• Association of the private sector

Is this ever possible?

Part @ 4
Addressing the issues
 Missing Link…
• Nearly 100% of trips to a bus stops start and end on foot.

• 78% of trips from a metro station are walk trips.

• 12% of trips to a metro station use cycle rickshaws.

• 35% of trips are walk only trips. Both reducing demand for ‘hard’
infrastructure and saving money
• 12.5% of trips are by bicycles.

Public Transport trips are multi-modal, usually involve non-motorized travel at

either end of the journey.
Without
Less Probable Journey Integration

With
Integration

42
Project Showcase
How DIMTS is contributing…
 Transport Demand Forecast Study
• DIMTS, on behalf of Transport Department, commissioned “Transport
Demand Forecast Study” in 2008.
– To develop a Transport Demand Forecast Model and Identification of
a Road cum Public Transport Network to meet the city demand by
2021 & beyond.
– The study identified a total length of 583.4 kms for the development of
different public transport systems:

Metro Mono Rail BRT

148.2 kms 40.3 kms 394.9 kms

44
 NARELA

Recommended BAKHTAWARPUR

Integrated
PUTHKHURD
Public Transport METRO

MONORAIL
Network BAWANA
IBRAHIMPUR
BRT

INTERCHANGE
ROHINI SEC-21
KARAWAL NAGAR
MUKUNDPUR

KANJHAWALA GOKALPURI

DELHI BORDER
(BAHADURGARH)
GULABIBAGH DILSHAD GARDEN
MUNDKA ISBT

ANAND VIHAR ISBT

RAJEEV (TO VAISHALI)
CHOWK IG
DABRI MOD STADIUM
CENTRAL
NAJAFGARH SECTT KONDALI
DWARKA
GOPALNAGAR DHAULAKUAN

CHILLA
TO NOIDA
AIRPORT

KALINDI KUNJ
KHAIRA
VASANT KUNJ
CHHAWLA
TO GURGAON MEHRAULI JASOLA
KAPASHERA
RAJOKARI AMBEDKAR NAGAR

ARJANGARH
(TO GURGAON) BADARPUR

Approximate Cost – Rs. 462.7 Billion

Bus Cluster Operations & Route Rationalisation
• Re-grouped the 657 routes of Delhi into 17
clusters using digital models.

• Operating buses under first five clusters.

• Frequently testing the efficiency of bus

operations to cater to majority of public using
strategic model.

• Advisory to Transport Department and Delhi

Transportation Corporation (DTC) for any
modifications in bus routes and operations.
Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) System
DIMTS has developed an automatic vehicle
tracking and fleet management solution
known as the Automatic Vehicle Location
(AVL) System. The system is being installed
in buses in Delhi. The buses can now be
tracked and their expected arrival time
conveyed to passengers at bus stops.
AVL Dashboard

History Tracking Route-wise Tracking

Vehicle Tracking System (VTS)

- Real Time Fleet Monitoring

implemented and live in 4000 low-

floor DTC buses

- Real Time Fleet Monitoring

implemented and live in 520 Cluster
buses
- Tracking of Over 20000 GPS fitted
Auto’s in Delhi
 Transit Oriented Development
• Four corridors identified under Phase-1 of TOD along metro line.

• Testing the effects of various Urban Forms on Travel Variables, customized to

Delhi context.

• Selecting the best land-use mix and network density for the study area

based on station typology.

Pedestrian Walkable Streets
Pedestrian Walkable Streets
 Multi Modal Centre
• Integrating -

• RRTS,

• Local & Inter state Terminal,

• Metro,

• Railway

• Regional Rapid Transit System Corridors

• Planning of Railway station

Interstate Bus Terminal

• Anand Vihar – Redevelopment

• Sarai Kale Khan – Redevelopment

• Kashmere Gate – Redevelopment

Conceptual – Detailing - Execution

 Delhi BRT Master Plan
Traffic Surveys Origin Destination Pattern Connectivity with major nodes

1 2 3

Model Output

Decision Matrix Overlays; Demand & ROW

6
Parameters Alt -1 Alt-2
5 4 Traffic Assignment
2
294 1
292

4
28 295 296 297

Traffic & 298

3
299

27
Connectivity 309
26
300

306
18 5
7

350
6 8
29 310 308 307 21 19
17
311 49
305 303 272 271
Engineering 30
34
304 23 22
33 25 24 52 51
45
50 5455

53
15
56
14
13
11
266
269 262 263264
35 39 7172 12 10
68 66
36 48 316 63 64 67 241
70 78
312 59 62 65
Cost 313
43 42 58 61
32 44 41 57 103 99100 74 75 76
94
69 9 77
80 356
360233
248
247 239

121 315 101 97 95 91 90 8885

79 352
229 225
139 122 116 106105 98 89 347346
318 124113 109 112 150 149 275 273 81 228
Environment/ 138 319
125 123
119
117
128 118110
111
285
329
287 354 277
274 153
278 359
223 227
224 219 342
220
216
215
137 148 120 129 279 154 214
Heritage 140
135136
320 321
147 130
145
286 288 276
282
355
280
281
351
334
211212

134
323 289 291 168 283 158 155330 205
324 284 159160 339
322 165167 163 332 193
357 290
327 206
Score 133
326
325
141 143 328
144 336 171 161331
191
192194

189 190
196 200 208341
333 169 184 340 207
170 185 197
172 199
335 181 179 338 201
174 188 198
187 202
173 186

Corridors with High Demand With 178

177

Road and good connectivity 175 176

BRT Projects

1. Awarded recently Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) BRT feasibility

and operation study
2. Preparation of Detailed Project Report for 7 BRT corridors in
Delhi.
3. Monitoring and Evaluation of BRT corridor in Naya Raipur
4. Operating and maintaining existing BRT corridor in Delhi
Operations Control Centre (OCC)
DIMTS has set-up a state-of-the-art
Operations Control Centre for efficient
management of traffic flow. It will be the kernel
for real-time operation of traffic through
Intelligent Signalling System, operation of
stage carriage buses, the Automatic Vehicle
Location System and more.
Intelligent Signalling System

DIMTS has set up an adaptive traffic

signal system, Intelligent Signalling
System, with bus priority on
Ambedkar Nagar-Delhi Gate BRT
Corridor
Traffic Simulation & Modelling Expertise
Traffic simulation and modeling using Visum, Vissim and Cube.

Intersection

Area
Wide

City
Other Projects

• Pedestrian Infrastructure

• Planning for NMT

• Comprehensive Mobility Plans

• PRT

• Railway Infra Planning

Summarising

NMT & Public Multi Modal Technology

Pedestrian Transport Centre

• Pedestrian • Route • Intelligent

• Bus terminal
rationalisation Signalling
street – planning – system
planning • Last mile detailing –
connectivity – • Developing
• Urban execution our own
Gramin sewa
design • BRT planning – • Railway signalling
• Cycle detailing – station – system
sharing execution – planning – • AFCS
schemes operations detailing - • AVL
• Monorail PMC • PIS (ETA)
• NMT lanes
• LRT • VMS
• Safe
• PRT • Transport
pedestrian Planning
• Bus Cluster
crossings planning – modeling –
implementation VISUM –
- operations VISSIM –
CUBE – GIS -
TRANSCAD
 Thank You

www.dimts.in
sharad.mohindru@dimts.in
 Progress to date
Investment focus on one mode of public transport and minor
investment in other modes.
Mode Length (Kms) Budget (in Rs.)
Metro – Phase I 65.1 Kms Rs. 105. 7 billion
Metro – Phase II 128.0 Kms Rs. 190.0 billion*
BRT – First Corridor 14.5 Kms Rs. 2.0 billion
* Inclusive of Civil work of Airport Express line.

62
Source: Delhi Metro
Improving Public Transport- Multimodal Integration
Integration within and between different modes of transports

• Physical Integration

• Fare Integration

• Route Integration

• Information Integration

• Institutional Integration

63
 Promote Non Motorized Transport
• Provision of cycling and walking tracks

• Road Safety Measures

• Appropriate pricing of vehicle use and fuels

• Regulation of polluting motorized modes

• Information and Awareness Campaigns

• High NMT share especially for short distance trips(e.g. in Delhi 55%
of trips are less than 5 kms) is the need of the hour and should be a
priority in any low carbon strategy.
Source: Reconciling Economic Growth with Low Carbon Mobility in India- K.R Bandyopadhyay, 2010 64
Multi Modal Transport in a Low Carbon Future Sanjiv N. Sahai and Simon Bishop, 2010
Demand Management-Regulatory Instruments
Regulatory Instruments for discouraging travel and denying
access
• Physical restraint measures- restricting access for certain
private vehicles e.g. in Athens, Manila, Mexico, Seoul
• Traffic Management Measures-Area traffic control system, ITS
etc.
• Parking Regulation- Restriction in
parking space supply
• Speed Restrictions- Minimum and
Maximum speed limits
• Inspection maintenance and
certification- programmes for
inspection and certification, driver
training etc.
65
A Balanced Transportation Approach
Equitable Allocations of Road space for Buses, Pedestrian,
NMT & PrivateVehicles

Hierarchical Space Allocation – Pedestrian with Cyclist and Public Transport on

Top and Cars at Bottom