Fro Date : 10.3.

18 GRADE : 9th

WSS Secondary Home Subject : Biology

learning(HL)
Teacher: WALT/ TOPIC:

Ms. Sneha REVISION

Newalkar

A – AORTA

B- PULMONARY VEIN

C – ATRIUM

D – VENTRICLE

E – MUSCULAR WALL

RIGHT VENTRICLE
 5 dm3 per min

32 dm3 per min

Percentage increase = final/initial x 100

= 32/5 x 100

= 640 %
Palisade
mesophyll
layer

Co2
 1 cm = 10 mm

Magnification = size of specimen in picture

Original size of specimen

280 = 10/original size

Original size = 10/280 = 0.035mm

Difference of nitrate in the soil. Nitrate reacts with glucose made by the plant to for amino acids.
Amino acids are assembled together to form proteins that are needed for growth of plants.

Also, magnesium is needed for formation of chlorophyll which is needed to make glucose by
photosynthesis. Thus deficiency of these two in soil affects the growth of plants.
 epidermis

Palisade
mesophyll Y

Spongy
mesophyll

Stomata X

Initial amylase is found in the mouth. This converts starch into maltose. Maltose
is broken down to glucose in the intestine by maltase.

Amylase and maltase

 12

10

8
Time
taken
to 6
break
starch
4

0
3.5 4 5.2 6.6 7 8 8.5

pH
Take a matchstick around the mouth of measuring cylinder, it burns brighter.

photosynthesis

Using the measuring cylinder

Using a stop watch and record the time every time oxygen bubbles are
released.

Use similar apparatus and differ the intensity of light for each apparatus. Record the
time taken for release of oxygen i.e. rate of photosynthesis and compare the results.
 Color – Red

All the carbon dioxide will be used up for photosynthesis. No carbon

dioxide, no acid will be made and thus the colour will be neutral

Color – orange

Some carbon dioxide will be regained from the shrimp as it respires.

This carbon dioxide will form acid and change the colour of indicator
to orange.

Color – yellow

A lot of carbon dioxide will be regained from the shrimps as it

respire. This carbon dioxide will form acid and change the colour of
indicator to yellow.
Count the squares covered by the leaf. Each square resembles 1 cm2 area. The total squares covered are counted.

Half squares covered are counted too and divided by half. Similarly for quarter ones the total number of squares is
divided by 4. Thus the total of everything indicates surface are of the leaf.

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 The leaves adapt themselves as per the factors needed to better the rate of photosynthesis.
Thus the surface area varies as per the intensity of light the plant is exposed to.

The plant in shade will be exposed to less sun so to adapt to it, the leaves will become flat and have more surface area. The
leaf in sun has enough sunlight and will not need to adapt and thus will have smaller surface area. Thus the adapted leaves
could be better at photosynthesis as due to large surface area, energy absorption by sun and gases exchange will be better.

1 dm3 per min

Nervous system, brain

Pancreas, liver
Percentage increase = 12/1.2 x 100

Glucose and oxygen

When a person exercises, a lot of energy is needed by the target cells. This energy is made
from glucose and oxygen by respiration. The only way to transport these is from the blood
and hence flow of blood increases to heart muscle so that they can pump more and then
transport blood better to the target site.
 Flow from small intestine through the villi into the blood
capillary increases

The flow of blood to the skin increases

The flow of blood increases as more of glucose is required by the target cell during exercise to
make energy. Glucose is found in the simplest form in the alimentary canal and hence for more
transportation the flow increases.

This is to release water in form of sweat. The water is released in form of

vapour which condenses to form sweat. This reduces the heat if the body
produced during exercise. Also, the sweat causes cooling effect at the
skin.

Breakdown of food particles using chemical compounds like

enzymes and chemicals is called chemical digestion.
 X

To make bile for emulsification of lipids

Final breakdown of food and absorption

of nutrients into blood

Mouth converts food into a bolus. The bolus enters the

stomach via the oesophagus. In the stomach it is ground
into a slurry called as chyme. Stomach releases enzyme
proteases i.e. pepsin that converts proteins into
polypeptides. The acidic pH helps the enzyme to work
the best. The chime then moves to small intestine
where certain peptidases act on the polypeptides and
convert it into amino acid. Alkaline pH helps it do so.

Fruits with fibres can be consumed.

Antibiotics are given

Saline water is consumed

 Epidermis

Palisade mesophyll

To allow maximum light to be absorbed by mesophyll layer to increase the rate of

photosynthesis.

stomata

diffusion

No
movement

Oxygen and glucose

chlorophyll