MS/006

01. General
This work shall consists of all the concrete works relating to construction of culverts,
road side and lead away surface drains, catch pits, earth retaining structures, bridges and
other structures according to the road finished level.
2. Reference

Standard Specifications, Clause 700,800 & 1000

Construction drawings

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3. Resources
3.1 Material

No. Material Specification

1 Cement Clause 1703– Standard Specifications

2 Fine aggregate Sub clause 1701.2, Table 1701-2– Standard Specifications

3 Course aggregate Sub clause 1701.2, Table 1701-1 Part 2– Standard
Specifications.
4 Reinforcement Clause 1002 – Standard Specifications.

3.2 Equipments/ Machinery (one unit)

No. Equipment/Machinery Q’ty

1 Backhoe Loader 1
2 Tipper / Farm tractor 2
3 Water Bowser 1
4 Mixer 125/250 ltrs 2
5 Poker Vibrator 2
6 Slump Cone 1
7 Concrete Cube moulds 06
8 Rammer 02

3.3 Manpower (One unit)

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No. Job Title Q’ty

1 Technical officer /Supervisor 1
2 Laboratory Assistant 1
3 Laboratory Helpers 2
4 Operators 1
5 Heavy Vehicle Drivers As req.
6 Masons 2
7 Carpenters 2
8 Labourer 8

4.0 Flow Chart

Step 1 –Setting out

Step 2 – Excavation

Step 3 –Screed Concrete

Step 4 – Fixing of form work

Step 5 – Placing and fixing of reinforcement

Step 6 – Check line level & grade

Backfilling

Step 7– Concreting

Step 8– Dismantling of Formwork

Step 9 – Curing

Step 10 – Backfilling

5.0 Sequence of work.

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Step 1 Setting out

The line & levels of excavation shall be set out with reference to the center
line of the road and marked by pegs.

Step 2 & 3 Excavation and Laying of screed concrete.

Excavation shall be carried out by using a backhoe loader or by manually.
The bottom of foundation shall be trimmed and leveled to the required level.
If unsuitable material is encountered at foundation level, additional
excavation shall be done to the depths as directed by the Engineer. The
unsuitable excavation area is refilled by using sand, quarry dust or by other
mean as directed by The Engineer. Where rock is found in the limits of
excavation, blasting shall be done carefully with safety precautions. Where
dewatering is necessary, pumping and shoring shall be done .All unsuitable
materials shall be disposed to suitable dumping locations. Grade 15/40 (class
C) screed concrete layer to the required level and thickness shall be laid at the
bottom of the base as indicated in the construction drawings as a leveling
concrete.

Step 4 Fixing of Formwork

The type of formwork shall be selected to produce a concrete member of
required size & shape and to produce the desired finish to the concrete. The
timber flanks shall be used for rough finish work and Ply wood sheets shall
be used for smooth finish works. Suitability of the timber flanks/plywood
sheets shall be checked prior to fixing of formwork. Each joint of the form
work shall be covered and tighten by 2*2 timber to avoid leakages through
the joints. The inside surface of the formwork shall be applied with form oil.
The formwork shall be fixed to the lines & levels shown in the drawings. The
steel or timber props shall be used to support the formwork

Step 5 Bending binding of Reinforcement

Reinforcement of specific grades & type shall be cut and bent by using bar
cutter to the dimensions given in the bar bending schedules of construction
drawings. The already cut and bent reinforcing bars shall be placed in positions
shown in the drawings and shall be firmly held in position with the specified
spacing using binding wires at bar intersections. The remaining length of the
binding wire would be bend towards the interior of the frame. Cover blocks
shall be placed at regular intervals to keep the nominal concrete cover. If the
reinforcing bars have been corroded, all corroded particles shall be removed
using a wire brush. Where necessary, bars shall be lapped with required lap
lengths.

Step 6 Check line, level & grade

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The design finishing levels and grade of the structural member shall be marked
using level pegs for base and level line on side shutter boards for walls
respectively. The line and grade of form work shall be checked immediately
prior to placing of concrete.

Step 7 Concreting
The constituent material shall be batched by volume for grade C 20 concrete at
the site of construction. A 400mm x 350mm x 250mm (0.035 m 3) measuring
box shall be used for batching of aggregate and sand. For mixing of concrete a
mixer with 125/250 Ltr capacity shall be used. Measurable water buckets shall
be used to measure the quantity of water to ensure the correct water/cement
ratio.
The concreting area shall be properly cleaned to remove all deleterious
materials. The concrete shall be uniformly and thoroughly mixed to the
required consistence prior to placing. Concrete would be pored in to the form
work in such a manner so as to avoid segregation and the displacement of
reinforcing bars and shall be spread in horizontal layers where practicable.
25mm or 40mm poker vibrator shall be applied for proper compaction.
Finally surface of the concrete shall be finished and smoothed to the required
level. Test cubes shall be cast in six numbers for every10 m 3 of concrete per
day. Two cubes shall be tested on 7 days and other four shall be tested on 28
days. Slump tests shall be carried out in randomly selected batches.

Step 8 Dismantling of the formwork

The minimum periods between concreting and the removal of formwork shall
be as follows. The formwork shall be removed without damaging the
structures.
 Sides of beams, walls and bases 01 day
 Soffit of slabs/beams (props left in) 08 days
 Removal of props in slabs 21 days
In case of any apparent defects such as small cavities, honey combs, broken
edges and small projections on concrete surface shall be rectified as soon as
possible with the approval of the Engineer. All parts of formwork shall be
properly brushed and cleaned for the next application.

Step 9 Curing
Curing would be started just after the removal of formwork by covering all
exposed surfaces using wet gunny bags and preceded for minimum of 7 days.

Step 10 Backfilling
The method of structural backfilling is described in Method Statement for
“Excavation and Backfilling”

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6. Supervision

Position Responsibilities
Site Engineer Perform the concreting on the basis of method statement,
specifications and drawings.
Technical Officer All setting out works in accordance with Method Statement
and drawings
Supervisor Assist to Site Engineer/ Technical officer
Laboratory Assistant Casting of concrete cubes and slump tests.

7. Inspection

Site Engineer shall implement the Request for Inspection (RFI) and shall be kept
at site for the Engineer’s consent. When any of the Non-Confirmation is identified
by QAM or by the Engineer for the particular construction event, Site Engineer
shall perform to issue NCR through the QAM and he shall prepare for the
CAR/PAR

8. Traffic Control

All the traffic control arrangement at site will be in accordance with the site safety
manual.

9. Safety Provision

Safety of workers will be ensured by providing safety equipments, such as hard

hats, safety jackets, boots, gloves etc.

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