6 Design of Diaphragm

6.2 DESIGN OF END DIAPHRAGM : f l43ymw

Design of End diaphram is done for jacking condition only as the bend
as compared to normal condition.

Effective span = 2.500

Yield strength of steel used for girders = 240

Youngs modulus of steel = 200,000

Sectional Property

350

20 A

—*16

±-

Figure 3.1 Cross section of Steel Girder

y

Yb

Iyy

Izz

C. G. of individual plate from bottom of girder

N. A. of section from bottom of girder
Moment of Inertial about y - y
Moment of I nertial about z - z

B
Description
cm
Top flange 35.00
Web 1.60
Bottom flange 35.00

As section is unsymmetrical about z-z axis, the moment of inertial is c

Izz = 1,001,981 cm4 0.0100

and symmatric about y - y axis, hence the adition of Iself about y-y ax
_Iyy_=_14338.1 cm4_0.0001

700

1,360
 1,400

700

20

350

0.0358

Elastic Section Modulus of section (Ze)

Z top
Z bot

Plastic Section Modulus of section (Zp)

p
z

Where, A1 =

Yi =
A
2=
y2 =

=1,001,981/(700/10)
=1,001,981/70.00

cm
cm

cm

A1 x y1 + A2 x y2 cm3

Area of section above N. A. (consist of top flange and a portion of w

C. G. of section above N. A.from N. A.

Area of section Below N. A. (consist of Bottom flange and a portion

C. G. of section below N. A.from N. A.

A
1
A
2
y
1 =((350*20*(700+20/2)+700*16
y
2 Hence Plastic section modulus
Zp

Sectional Requirement
Minimpm width to thickness ratio

IRC 24-2010 clause 503.7.2 Table 2 -Page 33

Element Ratio

Outstand element of compression b/tf

flange

Minimum depth to thickness ratio for Web irc 24-2010 clause 50

Element Ratio
 Web of an I-section d/tw

Minimum web thickness

2 Compression flange buckling requirement

1 Serviceablity requirement

IRC 24-2010 clause 509.6.1.2 -Page 99

d/tw

85.00

a) When only Transverse stiffenerse are not provided

e = SQRT(250/fyw)

d/tw

85.00

As web thickness satisfied serviciability requirement, no need to pr

<=

<=

1.02
200 e

204.12 OK

2 Compression flange buckling requirement

a) When only Transverse stiffenerse are not provided

e = SQRT(250/fyw) = 0.95

d/tw <= 345 ef2

85.00 <= 359.38

As web thickness satisfied compression flange buckling requireme

Thus, 1 Stiffeners not required

IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4-Page 90

IRC 24-2010 clause 503.4-Page 30

14,314 cm

cm

14,314 cm

OK

- Force Summary for Jack Up Condition

Reaction at Jack location

J1
Loads
kN
Steel girder 371
Slab 762
SIDL without surfacing 375
Surfacing (Wearing Coat) 254

Checking of structural strength - Shear ( For Dead Load only)

Sr. No. Description

1Steel girder
2 Slab
3SIDL without surfaci
4Surfacing (Wearing C
Factored load for Ultimate Limit State of Design
Sr. No. Description
1Steel girder
2Slab
4SIDL without surfaci
5Surfacing (Wearing C

Follow clause 509.2.1.2 of IRC 24-2010

IRC 24-2010 clause 509.2.1.2-Page 79

Total

1,413
 1,281

6.2.1 Design Shear Strength of Member (Vd)

Vd = V„;Tmo
Where,
Vd = Design Strength
Vn = Nominal plastic shear resistance under pure shear Ymo
Nominal Shear strength may be govern by plastic shear resista
1) Plastic shear resistance: Vn
Where, V
P
Av

f
,w
Hence, VP
Vn
2) Shear Bukling resistance:
Shear Buckling resistence need not be calculated, Plastic shear
1) For unstiffened webs d/tw
80.67
2) For stiffened webs d/tw
80.67
Where, K, = Shear Buckling Coefficient
= 7.46
€= V (250 / fy)
a) Simple Post Critical m V
n
Where, Vcr
Vcr
Tb
 Calculate shear stress (tb)
When A
w
When 0.8

When Aw
Where,
Aw =
Calculation of Xw

Now

Shear Stress
 Nominal Shear strength has mini

Design shear Strength

Vd

Design Shear Strength of Section

Factored Shear Force on Section

6.2.2 Design Bending Strength for Steel section

Factored Design Shear force V (kN) 1281 < 1359 0.6 x Desig

6.2.3 Calculation of Elastic Critical Moment

1) For Laterally Supported Beam

If factored design shear force does not exceed 0.6 Vd, the design be

Md = 3b x Zp x fy / Ymo

Where,

Pb = 1.0 for plastic and coMPact sections

Pb = Ze ' Zp for semi coMPact section

Ze, Zp = Plastic and elastic section modulus of the cross section

fy

Ym,

Yeild stress of the material

Partial safety factor

Design bending strength for plastic and compact section

M
d

1.1

=(1*17,780*1000* 0/1.1)/10A6 =

Actual Moment coming on section due to dead load alone

3879

1,413

kN-m

kN-m

Design bending strength for semi compact section

Md =((14,314/17,780)*17,780*1000* 0/1.1)/10A6 =

Actual Moment coming on section due to dead load alone =

2) For Laterally Un-Supported Beam

The design bending strength of the steel girder is calculated as foll

Section Safe

3123 kN-m

1,413 kN-m

Section Safe

IRC 24-2010 clause 509.2.2-Page 80

Md

Where,

f
bd

7lt

4*lt

a
LT

Alt

Pb
Mcr

Pb Zp fbd

%LT fy /Jmo

1/(*lt + (^lt2 - \t2)1'2)

°.5*[1 + aLT(\T - 0.2) + ^LT2]

0.49

slenderness ratio
1.000

(Pb Zp fy ' Mcr)1'2 < (1.2 Ze fy ' Mcr)1'

^ EL,

'(Llt )2 1 ^ K, I

K I I, GI, (Llt)2

^2 EI,

+ (cyc - cyj)

- (c2yc - c-3yj )

-(Annex-C of IRC-24-2010, pg.177)

E =
Llt =
1.2 times the length of relevant segment in between partial lateral
Iy =
G =
it =
=
I
fc =
If, =
Pf =
hy =
Iw =
=

IRC 24-2010 clause 502.2.2-Page 24

<1.0

K =
The value of K depends on end restraints
0.50For complete restraint against r
1.00 For no restraint against rotation
0.70For partial restraint against rot
Kw =
The value of Kw is
yg =
 =

=
y =
C1 =
C2 =

C3 =
.'. Mcr =

.'. \t =
4>lt =
. Xlt =
f
bd =
=
Md

6.2.4 Design of conections for End Diaphragm

125

125

125

125

125
 125

125

1,200

(a) Welding between flanges and Web

Welding type: Submerged Arc Welding

Arrangenment: Fillet welds have been used on both sides to conne

As the top flange and bottom flange is same in C/S and shear force
the same weld is provided between top flange with web and bottom
Proposed with submerged arc welding

Minimum size of Weld

Maximum size of Weld
Assume fillet weld with throat thickness

Weld Provided on both faces It

3.00 mm
14.50 mm

6.00 mm
4.20 mm
8.40 mm
Design Strength of Fillet Weld

Design Strength of Fillet Weld

fu

f
wn/y mw

fu/sqrt(3)

236.71 MPa

Smaller of the Ultimate stress of the weld or the parent metal

410.00 MPa
Partial Safety Factor

1.25 for Shop Fabrication

1.50 for Site Fabrication

189 MPa

Maximum shear force

MI of section

Distance of C.G from top

Distance of C.G from bottom

Horizontal shear force / Unit length at the interface

AY = 1st moment of Area above or below @ C.G of the section

Yt

By

He

640

10000000000

700.00

700.00
VAY / I
8530000

545.00

mm

mm
 mm

kN/mm

Shear Stress per unit length = He /1 t

Design Strength of fillet Weld
Maximum Bending Moment M
Ztop of Steel Girder Z
Bending Stress per Unit Length f
bd
Design Strength of fillet Weld

50

50

16

kN

mm

(b) Welding of End stiffeners to Web

d to connect web of diaphragm to end stiffener usina HSFG bolts
 Connection Between Stiffener and
web is desianed for Shear Force
only. Shear force taken by stiffener
V
Thickness of web t =
Projection h =
Assume fillet weld with size s, =
Effective throat thickness t, =
=
0.7xs
Permissible shear stress in fillet
weld =
Shear force in KN / m =
Vertical load to be supported on =
Stiffener
Heiaht of Stiffener =
Lenath of Weld Provided =
Additional Shear of t w2/5bs =
added
Shear to be transferred =
Desian Capacity of fillet weld Rw =
= 0.7 x S x fwd
Total Shear force on stiffener is =
Hence weld provided 8 x 2,178 mm Fillet Weld on both sides of I

ign of connection with Main Girder

Arrangement: Two splice elates are used to connect web of diap
Web thickness of end diaphragm
Thickness of end stiffener of main airder
Bolts are in double shear.
Provide HSFG bolts of diameter
Dia. of Bolt holes,
 Edae Distance Minimum
Edae Distance Maximum
Pitch minimum
Pitch Maximum
Maximum Pitch in tension Member
Maximum Pitch in Compression Member
Calculation of Bolt Value
Web thickness
Minimum thickness of cover plat=

Provide Pitch
In lonaer direction
In Shorter Direction
Provide Edge Distance
In lonaer direction
In Shorter Direction
Bolts are in Double Shear
Ultimate tensile strenath of Bolt
Yield strenath of Bolt
Bolt dia
Diameter of bolt hole
Case 1. Slip Resistance or Normal Shear Capacity of Bolt
Vnsf = Hf n6 T\
Where,
Ff =
=
ne =
=
Kh =
Fo =
 Fo =
Vnsf =
Long Joints reduction factor (fy)
If Length of joint lj > 15 d, then

Large Grip lengths reduction factor(pig)

Pig = 8d/(3d+l)

If Grip Length l < 5d

36 < 80 plg = 1

Plg = ^

Vnsf =159,651x0.84x1.00 = 134,207 N

Vdsf = Vnsf / Ymf V mf = 1.10 1.1 for service load and

1.25 at ultimate load

VdSf =134,207/1.10 = 122,006 N

Case 2. Shear Capacity of Bolt

Nominal Shear capacity of bolt

Vnsb = fU / (3)

a(1/2)

Where,

ns

A
nb

A
sb

Pj

Plg

IS 800-2007 Clause 10.3 Pg. 74

(nn Anb + ns Asb )* Pj * Plg

= Ultimate tensile strength of a bolt

= 800 MPa

= Number of shear plan with threads intercepting the shear plane

= ^^^H2

= Number of shear plan without threads intercepting the shear pla

=

= Net Shear area of the bolt at threads

= 157 mm2 IS 4000:1992, Table 2

= Nominal plain shank area of the bolt

= 201 mm2 IS 4000:1992, Table 2

= 0.84

= 1.00

Vnsb =(800/((3)A(1/2)))x(2x157+0x201)x0.84x1.00 = 121,916 N

Vdsb = Vnsb / Ymf V mf = 1.101.1 for sernce load and

1.25 at ultimate load

Vdsf =121,916/1.10 = 110,833 N

Now, from above cases

Bolt value at service stage is minimum of Case 1 and Case 2

Bolt value at Ultimate stage is minimum of Case 1 and Case 2

110.83 kN
97.53 kN

Splice Design of Web

Total Bending moment = 1,413 kNm

Total shear force

1,281 kN

Depth of splice plate

1,100 mm

Pitch Provided along Longer edge = 125 mm

Pitch Provided along Shorter Edge = 50 mm

Edge distance provided along longer length of plate = 50 m

Edge distance provided along shorter length of plate = 50 mm

Gauge provided = 100 mm

 BM due to MI of Steel G
DL & Self Weight Web
kNm 4 cm
1,413 335000

NOTE: As shear connection is provided between the diaphragm w

transfer shall not be considered except for that produced due to ec

Design bending moment in web = Total BM x M.I of web

M.I of Comp outer girder

Additional moment due to eccentrcity of Bolt CG = V.e

= 128 kNm

Total Design Bending Moment in Web, Mdw = 128 kNm

Vertical Shear force Per Bolt in service stage

Force in the farthest bolt from C.G due to moment, Fm

EX2
EY2
Distance of Extreme bolt from center of Gravity of Bol
Ir2 = E(X2 + Y2) = 2.86 m2
X = °.°3 m
Y= 0.50 m

M. r = M*(X2 +
Fm = Y2) =
Ir2 E(X2 + Y2)
 Refer "Design of Steel Structure By Limit State Method
Resultant force in extreme bolt is given by,
F = V Fa2 + Fm2 +
2 Fa . Fm cos0

0= tan-1 ( 0.50 /
0.03)
. . F (service)
Total Force in Bolt =22+71.14
1,100 x 400 x
Provide two plate 10
No. of Bolts Provided = 18
Check for Splice plate thickness
Max. Shear Force
Area of plate
Deduction for Bolt holes
Net area of plate
Shear capacity of splice plates = A x f,w / V3

Hence width of splice plate

6.2.5 Design of Stiffeners at Jack Up location

Depth of web, d
Spacing of Transverse stiffeners
Thickness of Stiiffner
Outstand of Web stiffner
Outstand of Web Stiffner

Minimum Stiffener Required

 For transverse stiffeners not subjected
if c/d ≥ 1.4142 Not Applicable and
if c/d < 1.4142 Applicable
Now,
c/d = 1.2500

320

1611_

Therefore core area of stiffner on each side

Moment of Inertia of Stiffener @ CG of web
Effective Length of Transverse Stiffner
Considering 20 times web thickness of web on both
Core area
Moment of Inertia of core area
Radious of Guration

Design compressive stress

Buckling Resistance of Member
Shear Buckling Force Check
Fq

Factored Shear Force adjacent to the stiffner

Shear Buckling resistance of web panel

Check stiffener for load bearing

Bearing stiffeners should be provided for webs where force applied thr
of the web and its connection to the flange
Local Capacity of Web

Fw = (b1+n2) tw fyV^mo

b1 = Stiff Bearing Length = 40 mm

40

Web

16 mm

20 mm
Top Flange

n2 = Length Obtained by dispersion through the flange to the web ju

at a slope of 1:2.5 to the plane of the flange

= 53.9

50

Detail A

r '
Detail aV 2.5

20.00

tw = Thickness of the web

fyw = Yiled stress of the web

Force transferred through Flanges

Local Capacity of web

Bearing stiffener is designed for

V-Fw

(IRC:24 :2010 , Clause 509.7.4, Page 106)

1,281 kN
328 kN

Bearing stiffener Required

953 kN

Af

Bearing Capacity of stiffener alone, FpSd = _q q = 1222 kN O

0.8/„o

Bearing capacity of stiffener is greater than load coming on stiffen

Hence provide stiffener of size 140 x 16 as jack position stiffene

7 Design of welded connections for Main Girder

7.1 Welding between top flange and web

Welding type: Submerged arc welding

Adequacy of welds is checked for the folowing three conditions:

a) Steel Girder section alone is active. (Erection Stage)

Minimum size of Weld

Maximum size of Weld
Assume fillet weld of size,s

Effective throat thickness, t

Total effective throat thickness of weld It

Permissible shear stress in fillet weld

Maximum shear force V

MI of Steel section I

Distance of C.G from top Yt

Distance of C.G from bottom Yb

Horizontal shear force / Unit length at the interface Vh

AY = 1st moment of Area above or below @ C.G of the section

3.00 mm
23.50 mm
mm
mm
mm
MPa

724.95 kN

6.97E+10 mm4
1,215.61 mm
1,034.39 mm
V A Y / I Xtw
1.92E+07 mm3

8.00

5.60

11.20

189

Shear Stress in weld

 b) Composite section, for Permanent loads is active.
Maximum shear force V
MI of composite section (Outer I
girder-Long term Loading)

Distance of C.G from top Yt

Distance of C.G from bottom Yb
Horizontal shear force / Unit
length at the interface Vh
AY = 1st moment of Area
above or below @ C.G of the
section
Shear Stress in weld

c) Composite section for Live loads is active.

Maximum shear force Due to Live V
Load

MI of composite section (Outer

I
girder-Short term Loading)
Distance of C.G from top Yt
Distance of C.G from bottom Yb
Horizontal shear force / Unit
length at the interface Vh
AY = 1st moment of Area
above or below @ C.G of the
section
Shear Stress in weld
Hence total stress in section = 73.83
42.22 +
 d) Check for Fatigue
Thickness of flange plate
Thickness of Web plate
V r (Bottom flange plate)
V r (Web plate)
Number of stress cycles, NSc
Detail category (Table 6, IRC 22-
2015)
T fn
Tf
Y f (Table 3, IRC 22-2015)
Design fatigue strength, ifd
Evaluation of Actual shear stress
range (LL with impact):

Shear Force Due to LL With Impact

Stress on Weld = V.A.y

I I tw
Hence Provide Fillet weld of 8 mm thick on both side of web plate th
7.2 Welding between bottom flange and web
Welding type: Submerged arc welding
a) Only Steel Girder section is active (Erection Stage)
Minimum size of Weld
Maximum size of Weld
Assume fillet weld of size,s
Effective throat thickness, t
Total effective throat thickness o It
Permissible shear stress in fillet weld
Maximum shear force V
MI of section I
 Distance of C.G from top Yt
Distance of C.G from bottom Yb
Horizontal shear force / Unit lengt Vh
A Y = 1 moment of Area above or below @ C.G of
st

the section
Shear Stress in Weld

b) Composite section for Permanent loads is active.

Maximum shear force V
MI of composite section (Outer g I
Distance of C.G from top Yt
Distance of C.G from bottom Yb
Horizontal shear force / Unit lengt Vh
A Y = 1st moment of Area above or below @ C.G of
the section
Shear Stress in weld

c) Composite section for Live loads is active.

Maximum shear force V
MI of composite section (Outer g I
Distance of C.G from top Yt
Distance of C.G from bottom Yb
Horizontal shear force / Unit lengt Vh
A Y = 1st moment of Area above or below @ C.G of
the section
Shear Stress in Weld
Hence total stress in section =
27.48 + 45.33

d) Check for Fatigue

Thickness of flange plate =
Thickness of Web plate =
V r (Bottom flange plate) =
V r (Web plate) =
Number of stress cycles, NSc =
Detail category (Table 6, IRC 22-
=
2015)
T fn =
Tf =
Y f (Table 3, IRC 22-2015) =
Design fatigue strength, xfd =
Evaluation of Actual shear stress
range (LL with iMPact):

Shear Force Due to LL With Impact =

Stress on Weld = V.A.y =

I I tw
8 mm thick on both side of web plate throughout the length
Hence Provide Fillet weld of
7.3 WELDING OF INTERMEDIATE STIFFENERS TO WEB
Stiffener should be provided on both side of web, Hence shear forc

As per Cl. 508.112.5 of IRC : 24

Shear force on single stiffener =
Thickness of web tw =
Projection h =
Assume fillet weld of size s =
Effective throat thickness t =
Permissible shear stress in fillet
=
weld
Vertical load to be supported on
Stiffener =
Height of Stiffener =
Length of Weld Provided =
Shear To be transferred =
T o this additional Shear of t =
w
2
/5bs added
Total design Shear for weld =
Design Capacity of fillet weld Rw
= 0.7 x S x fwd =

Hence Weld Provided 8 x 2,128 mm Fillet Weld on both sides of I

Check for fatigue =

Thickness of Web (Web of Main

=
Girder)
Thickness of Stiffen(Bottom flange
=
plate)
V r (Web plate) =
Vr =
Number of stress cycles, Nsc =
(Table 6, IRC 22-2015)
Detail category =
T
fn =

■'■ t f (Table 3, IRC 22-2015) =

Y mft =
Design fatigue strength, Xfd
Evaluation of Actual shear stress
range (LL with impact):
Shear Force Due to LL on Single =
Stiffener
Stress due to direct Shear = P/(2
*
=
L« y
Hence provide 8 mm weld on
both sides of stiffener
on only as the bending moment and shear force at this condition are very larg
 D

cm
2.00
136.00
2.00

ment of inertial is calculated based on parallel axis theorem

f Iself about y-y axis itself as a Iyy of section

and a portion of web above N. A.)

ange and a portion of web below N. A.)

=((350*20)+(700*16))/100
=(350*20+700* 16)/100
700+20/2)+700*16*(700/2))/(350*20+700*16))/10
00* 16* 700/2))/((350* 20)+(700* 16)))/10
=182.00*48.85+182.00*48.85

Class 1 Plastic

8.4s = 8.57 Actual = 8.75

NOT OK
24-2010 clause 503.7.2 Table 2 -Page 33
Class 1 Plastic
 84s = 85.73 Actual = 85.00
OK

ment, no need to provide stifffners

uckling requirement, no need to provide stifffners
 J2
kN
371
762
375
254

ad Load only)

Bending Moment
206
422
236
141

Factor
1.35
1.35
1.35
1.75
pure shear Ymo = Partial safty factor against shear failure = 1.10
astic shear resistance or strength of web as govern by shear buckling as b
=

=
=
=

=
=
=

ated, Plastic shear capacity will govern

>
>
>
<
ng Coefficient

=
=
=
=
A O CO

< Aw
> = 1.2

Non - dimensional web slenderness ratio for shear buckling stress

A
w

T
cr,e
T
cr,e
where,

kv

T
cr,e

Aw

Tb

Vcr

V
cr
 Vn
Vn
strength has minimum of above two method i.e.
Vn

=2,491/1.10
Thus Shear capacity of section

1359 0.6 x Design shear Strength Vd IRC 24-2010 clause 503.4-Page 30

6 Vd, the design bending moment shall be taken as,

of the cross section, respectively

 section

oad alone

oad alone =
calculated as follows, when Vn < 0.6Vd.
 Modulus of elasticity of material
eff. length for lateral torsion restraint
en partial lateral restraints, i.e. length between intermediate girders)
Moment of inertia @ weak axis
Modulus of rigidity
St. Venant's Torsion constant
Ebt (t,)3 /3
MI of Comp. flange @ minor axis
MI of Ten. flange @ minor axis
Ifc / (Ifc + I,,)
1,380.0
Warping Constant
(1-Pf ) Pf Iy hy2

restraint against rotation about weak axis

nt against rotation about weak axis
straint against rotation about minor axis
1
generally taken as 1 unless special arrangements have been made t
Distance between point of application of load and shear centre of c
towards shear centre
(hy /( (1 +

700
0.00
1.132
0.459

0.525
228000000
0.426
0.
0.88
X_Tf/Tr
193
3,4
oth sides to connect flanges and web
/S and shear force is also not varies with depth
th web and bottom flange with web
parent metal
C.G of the section
 =
= 189.37 Hence, the weld
=
=
=
=
 640
16
175
8.00
5.60

189
640
640

2,178
2,178
0.714

0.147
1.060

0.861
d on both sides of Intermediate Stiffener is safe

onnect web of diaphragm to end stiffener usina HSFG bolts

 =

5/8*tw
Provide

r Capacity of Bolt (Vnsf)

P
lj * Pig

Coefficient of friction (slip factor) as specified in T able 20 of IS:800-2

0.48
Number of effective interfaces offering frictional resistance to slip
2.00
1.00 for fastner in clearance holes
Minimum bolt tension (proof load) at installation and may be taken as
 A
nb =

=
f
o =
=
=
166,303 MPa
159,651 N

Plj =

lj =

Plj =

rvice load and

g the shear plane

pting the shear plane

.00 = 121,916 N

nce load and

and Case 2
1 and Case 2

plate = 50 mm

late = 50 mm
 MI of Steel Girder Girder
Girder
4 cm
1000000

the diaphragm web and end stiffener it will transmit only shear. Bending
roduced due to eccentricity of vertical forces.

I of web

G = V.e

128 kNm

=
=

=
=

22.43 kN
 =

=
=

mm, one each side of connection

nos.

=
=
=
=
=
>

d
c

20tq £
14tq £
ners not subjected to external loads following conditions need to be satisfi
Is
Is

376000000
stiffener
. 320

Web
140

1xL
ess of web on both side of stiffner

r
KL/r
f
cd
F
qd

V
Vcr
Fq

re force applied through a flange by loads or reaction exceed the local capaci
lange to the web junction
qq= 1222 kN OK
 coming on stiffener, hence the stiffener is safe as a load bearing stiffener

ck position stiffener, on both sides

ree conditions:
G of the section

=
ctive.
=
=

=
=

=
=

=
=

=
=

=
=
 =
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=

side of web plate throughout the length

Stage)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
 =
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=

40
25
0.89
 1.00
5000000

92
92
92
1.25
65

519

12

NERS TO WEB
b, Hence shear force on stiffener is taken as maxim

950
12
150
8
5.60
189

950
2,128
 2,128
0.223
0.833

1.057

1.060

d on both sides of Intermediate Stiffener is safe

25
12

1.00

1.00
5000000
83

83
83

1.25

66

389.11

16.33
rce at this condition are very large
 Area (A)

_„2 cm
70.0
217.6
70.0
358

l axis theorem
=
=
=
=

Class 2 Compact
9.4s = 9.59 Actual =
8.75
OK

Class 2 Compact
105s = 107.17 Actual
= 85.00
OK
ifffners
 J3
kN
371
762
375
254

Shear Force kN
189
387
204
130

Bending Moment
278
570
319
247
against shear failure = 1.10
s govern by shear buckling as below
v
p
A, x f,w / V3
Shear Area
d x tw =1,360x16
21760 mm2

Yeild strength of the web

3015154.046 N
3015 kN

67 €
68.38
67 € V(Kv / 5.35)
80.74

when transverse stiffeners are provided with c/d >= f,w / V3

Vcr
Shear force corresponding to web buckling
A, X Tb
Shear stress corresponding to web buckling
 <

ratio for shear buckling stress

=
=

=
=
=
=

=
=

=
 =
=
=
Plastic shear resistance and Shear buckling resistance
=

=
=
=
=

24-2010 clause 503.4-Page 30

aken as,
 =
=
ween intermediate girders)
=
=

=
=
=
=

rrangements have been made to restrain warping at end supports of s

on of load and shear centre of cross section. Its positive when load acts
(b
tOp +

(Applicable only for monosymmetric I section

22800000000

0.65

X_Tf/Tri0

3,428
 64.881

706.58
0.0143
49.36
189.37
Hence, the weld is sa
 kN
mm
mm
mm
mm

MPa
kN/m
kN/m

mm
mm
kN/mm

kN/mm
kN/mm

kN/mm
fe

ina HSFG bolts

=

=
 =
12 x t x (250/fy)A°'5 =
=
=
=
=

=
=
2 plates of =

=
=

=
=

=
=
=
=

specified in T able 20 of IS:800-2007

g frictional resistance to slip

installation and may be taken as Anb * fo

Net area of bolt at threads
297 mm2
Proof stress
0.7* fub 0.7* Ultimate tensile stress of bolt = 1000 MPa
560 MPa

1.075 - lj / (200d) but

0.75 < py
750 > 240
lj > 15d
Reduction factor Bli
Required
0.84
 BM in Web due to
DL & Self Weight
kNm
473

ill transmit only shear. Bending moment

71.14 kN
M. r
Ir2
0.045 m2
2.81 m2
 87.14 degrees
22.43 kN
94 kN

2 x

640,250
22,000
3,150
18,850
2,374
2,264
Hence Safe
400 mm

=
=
=
=
=
=
ng conditions need to be satisfied
>=
>=

>

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

=
=
=

reaction exceed the local capacity

Top Flange Web
safe as a load bearing stiffener
17.82 MPa Hence, the
weld is safe
 1,121.50 kN
1.27E+11 mm4

1,097.31 mm
1,472.69 mm

V A Y / I Xtw
5.36E+07 mm3

42.22 MPa Hence, the

weld is safe

778 kN

1.57E+11 mm4

870.82 mm
1,699.18 mm

V A Y / I Xtw
71300000

73.83 MPa
116.05 MPa Hence, the
weld is safe
 32
25
0.94
1.00
5000000

92
92
92
1.25
69

519 kN

21

3.00
23.50
8.00
5.60
11.20
189
724.95
69700000000
 1,215.61
1,034.39
V A Y / I Itw
24300000
22.60
Hence, the weld is safe

1,121.50
127000000000
1,097.31
1,472.69
V A Y / I Itw
34900000
27.48
Hence, the weld is safe

778
157000000000
870.82
1,699.18
V A Y / I Itw
40300000
45.33

72.80
Hence, the weld is safe

mm
mm
(tp <= 25 mm)
(tp <= 25 mm)

MPa
MPa
MPa

MPa

kN

MPa SAFE

kN
mm
mm
mm
mm
MPa

kN
mm
 mm
kN/mm
kN/mm

kN/mm

kN/mm OK

afe
mm
mm

(tp <= 25 mm)

(tp <= 25 mm)

MPa

MPa

MPa

kN

MPa SAFE
 y ay

cm cm3
139.00 9,730
70.00 15,232
1.00 70
25,032
 182.00
182.00
48.85
48.85
17,780

Class 3 Semi compact

13.6s = 13.88 Actual = 8.75

OK

Class 3 Semi compact

126s = 128.60 Actual = 85.00
OK
 J4
kN
371
762
375
254

Shear Force kN
255
522
275
228
 IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4.1.1-Page 90

as below

IRC 24-2010 clause 509.4.2.2-Page 92

OK

N/A

eners are provided with c/d >= f,w / V3

f,w /( V3 Aw2)

ponding to web buckling

ponding to web buckling

 then Tb =
1.2 then Tb = (( 1 - 0.8 ) ( Aw -
0.8 )) ( f,w / V3 )
then Tb =

ess

V(fyw / (V(3 Tcr,e))

Elastic critical shear stress of the
web
kv n2 E / (12 (1 - ^2 )(d / tw )2)

Poission's Ratio
5.35 when transverse stiffeners
are provided only at support

k, n2 E / (12 (1 - ^2 )(d / tw )2)

134 MPa
V(f,w / (V3 Tcr,e)
1.02

(( 1 - 0.8 ) ( Aw - 0.8 )) ( fyw / V3 )

114.46 MPa
Shear force corresponding to web
buckling
Av X Tb
 =21760x114.46
2,490,634 N
Vcr
2,491 kN
nce and Shear buckling resistance
2,491 kN

2264 kN
2264 kN
2,264 kN
1,281 kN V < Vd Ok
 200000 MPa
2,500mm

140000000 4 mm
77000 MPa

4
3700000 mm

71000000 4 mm4
71000000 4 mm
0.50

68300000000000 4 mm

de to restrain warping at end supports of s

of cross section. Its positive when load acts
 bbot) x (ttop f / tbot f) )) - ytop
(Ref: "Design of Steel Structures”
by Dr N. Subramaniam, Pg 849)

(Applicable only for monosymmetric I sections)

mm

(Annex-C of IRC-24-2010, Table-C.

1)

Nmm
Beam is laterally unsupported

MPa
kN-m > 1,413 kN-m Hence,
Section is Safe
 MPa
MPa is safe
kNm
mm3
MPa
MPa
 OK

16 mm
16 mm

16 mm 8.8Grade
17.50 mm
 30.00 mm
122.47 mm
40.00 mm
300.00 mm
200.00 mm
192.00 mm

16 mm
10 mm
10 mm

125.00 mm OK
50.00 mm OK

50.00 mm OK
50.00 mm OK

800 MPa
560 MPa
16 mm
17.5 mm
IS 800-2007 Clause 10.4 Pg. 76

00-2007

n as Anb * fo
ate tensile stress of bolt = 1000 MPa

IS 800-2007 Clause 10.3.3.1 Pg. 75

<= 1.0
ding moment
OK

N
mm2
mm2
mm2
kN
kN
Hence Safe

IRC 24-2010
1,200mm
1,500mm
16 mm
140mm
327mm
229mm
(IRC:24-2010 Cl
 0.75 d tw 3
1.5 d X3
c
6870000 mm4

140 mm x 16mm
376000000 4 mm
1,200mm
320
14,976
377000000
159
8
218(IRC 24:2010 Table 6c)
3,265kN

V-Vcr
Ymo
640kN
2,491kN
-1,682 kN
20.00
mm
mm
(tp > 25 mm)
(tp <= 25 mm)

MPa
MPa
MPa

MPa

MPa SAFE

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
MPa
kN
4 mm
 mm
mm

mm3
MPa
fe

kN
4 mm
mm
mm

3
mm

MPa
fe

kN
4 mm
mm
mm

MPa

MPa
fe
Y
b I (A x y) / I A A(Yb - y)2

cm
70.00 333,270
70.00 0
70.00 333,270
666,540
 IRC 24-2010, clause 509.7.5

OK

IRC:24-2010 Clause 509.7.2.4)

 OK

Table 6c)

OK
 "I" Self @ x- x "I" self @ y- y
4
cm4 cm

23 7,146
335,394 46
23 7,146
14,338
Izz = Iself + A(Yb-
y)2
4
cm

333,293
335,394
333,293
1,001,981