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BOE sarong, arson oblotonn > Saabotinnge babe em, Nb, aeoF nyse WAEgbnk Gosee Voa6o sohsgmafoeees byomeb AnbWogreagbobs wo abo ssogeoghotngr: og got jagare eSblNeghob pxDVIG" O64 yo gbob BbFogmadeast, DODRIOI! ee wae 398 bgseotyo gbab 8gbFagexoe Sol ROSH IMO HS DEED See om ae iiote, Abb WoBR0bN0 vine soeso exseenas0 —— © ax» ms Saye tatbodggte 2012 {© artndgsanends nponeeer, 208 Beobydogo Phonetics ob geeoliytio S636 The English Alphabet soso s4e1080 SHRTRG LOBE GO Aa Bb ce bd Fe f Ge Hh fel [oid ts (a) a (a, (asia (ea ts] [even (ke fe [em] [eal {ou} toil (hie fe) [sl te os) ia (rabies) [ets] (va) (eedi shgaqaly6 gf stab abner yonSbopbgbe gombgob Fgbgd0 Reading Rules bop Ass Uap] er ~ yt 2 [k] ot baggy character ~ shove. 3. 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Yaeboeoage Uobgeeo lee, lad, hig, wide pselohgsea — The Pronoun 1.you i, something S.¢agbgono lishgeno — The Numeral one, The thi, hi 6 4abs ~ The Ver toave to read 19 be 7. eben ~The Advts en, seldom, very Gobo ~The reposition in. on. at, fo, fr 9. yojotn ~ The Conjunction bai and, because 10. 6sFoseay0 The Adjective The Particle The Itxjetion gs aghgaon bskyexe, 2 beyeeB608ybaeergs60 raed ses FoFigagn seb bo ols an6yrbngeish gaBehogvg 99 Bogen ob Pago 96dGGoyee0 THE ARTICLE siogse0 stb otlgBoee babgszol gatbstiegtgeeo msdbdos, gagmaeeo bobgs. dob rsderao3gee0 3603. abgeerto’ of goshboo. ob wegab setgdone bobgacob PoE Bo Begg, enghgobo so high Bodgeaoe 3h agg oFoscobyh she taba seogens: gab bsegtg sg0— ala) mo gabbstimasnee ~ the odgaguee sb Satgdonn tebgeek Fo en on URO ob asbgbsbbegtgmo ot goysc0 ‘THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE san poighstegh dao fg "Ab gs Sg Uotgacol Fo Bags 1600 ssF'3E0 boone a, has. Megbon_esfsha ht gph ry cvcalypaas an s6Qhoyer0 obatighs Wrgbow wo shee lotgeels of (ae: ou) ys an ator an uncle an apple Bybaigbs: an sgyoje ub 0 bahgaeob Fob, wy ht genoa thou san hones at hour nb fly) an hi Fag sly 8 alan gsbgbsbegtgero s6Qogsgob goBngg6geo xin ndjbowo bsbyseab {ob Ainsgetom Ba hie Treatatook. Shecats an ice-ream, Zeobéndnd setinb Iosiggeese Srbbyfogre sMbgbee tsb Tage aman inthe set. “They ve ina fa. Zeings sblijbon babgeeh agen AGABHE eee gHISA (Give mea book C2 TyfbgygsBe o4ajet0 & aanagGBl. Fn Boyyn iow, sAigioon shyesgiet ‘car must be insured al as must e sed ~ ges 96fo69 shes aye ssa ‘A cld needs Tove al children nod love sees ogi Dhow reabe boggotgse. 5. amomgbont. os Qbutyfigaze Lotbnganer shgBooe toby roieaponb — abo, Sake vein Te ese anni Sines sone Re faeoh geese goa 1 goon holiday to Pris twice yar (every ye). Gamage Taset) vaca ‘stay Alometres an hour 8. ogi what ob ‘What fine day! ~ What ong queue! ~ os What prety it! ~ 6 Faseoonte Taba Fo © Byndezgds godgragbinn Me MrsMiss + ayo 2 Mr Smith; « Mes Sith; a Mis Smith 1esBiabn gfios dozen A.Mr Sith asked you gtag Bx)69> Logs poyrerboen ony a thoysel 36 gsBergrygigtn Mr Smi-ly Gok, tb 1 Gr Boga Wage gions Dnsgaeabenge. sain 9 Vebooenego lhgeco Fob WHF:db oAhgdoor Lobgegh, DHE sAgnysee wooldob bgeliosonge Lobgacel Fob, fa ld man. avery beautiful gir Allie men; bos the men; half he foal suchapiy: —_whata day 1. 6200 aan oe hale oat suite ask rather rik ar ase ssh, Ferioha, Wrstbias qoblansk 8 sb (illness) (Ao gevba the the measles aol,” aquaner; an nc alive; kilometer, acold; fever, a tothache; a headache alan -s4ipogsz0b asB6eaab 1 gongsessen og UskgsegBel Vo wwaer yen tice Rex 420 0: 2 bog booze, gobel Fob ‘We wer invited to dinner aabbotoggtigene oA G0gse0 ‘THE DEFINITE ARTICLE Cie me the book — nag Fo ceeds Fes ope Hog ob Wn Te ardent Togs gato eee one Foe ae 70 Boegoeebsbgeeotsg3® tha ee erace sno yee Fotitsongecl 8] begtnn WF soheee mamgpel Fob es Benge Fl - osSbOngion ROTI “The picture (¢ piktfe}, The cu (6 ee} The cagrasen abbas egg Tieton aligg ng “Th bok The boo The—psbtorunatineeo oMbogeel safes The sexing «bdo th a aie: Trt aman inthe tet. The man was ver tll-ob gogo. oe fy agen iB, oy Bose2 asthe bobgeeBc Fob, showegtin boss ttentn- Thy hemon— ogy thesky ys, he . ct he sky he caged the universe hpi, the North Kogortnjna the Sout okey the Et dope th Wess 2 3.18 stigion lnbgetgbostsémderdnn ee Bing aula bygtog og BxQgG0mo botobhol Neon Lebo Ek anne ce so Baha : . thebestday— oguynghn wag, the fink wedge gis 4. dineetom Hohn sighone Lohan We Rene otako aarvopnags game Boge pie The wines in danger Of Dcoming ete goed logdony ga a 10 aserbogogg6 5. gudilglompise Myghiting bokeh, eden asBobifoggé ogediatons geese : ‘ar she old obaghe the young abies Yea 6 eumsfagiod, beggbob agin, ebook fo donne borg tobgeefonepvon fee aah i ‘The Alani Ocean ~ og geoGGob go. The Black Sea ~ Beg “cps: The Volga gos The Mian Apygne The Uns oe sz ngs The Alp opi iad 7. Béspeeeton deci Begs Bogen, fy © xazarh gediontol wo emgonghat uae The Nerina Te Pliny a saeco The Saha “hate ye = 8 Aiea danfigiob tobgsetongioons Fu The United Sa A : imcica~siyhoyoh IgytgBe00 epg The United Kingdom gayonebgoiee tegen The Caxasus—yogpieor oe” SSA The Uline gy The Cimes— 9. Taegan ‘etonongn Usbgeegdob Vos folionng lst. me vey cag Youateie rye esd~3p6 Me ob ar Heisthe ony child—ob seqeabytons 1 saab, ashaoral gages, bt Salat edgar’ The “Meeps The"Tine ae pi room ac sigan eigenen Fl ‘pets Banden Oy Tepe gestion tag57 wstste Te Ree Theron Pradgergenmen tot ate wns ee tpg pro ggg ose eet w-qasnset igctongione ve Sn bach Cots fish Pinia oct mead wghec teil tome Tr et ee agenten ees nos oso Brae men oie be Browns Beagbo (g.« Beaygbob sb A a cdo you wut Iw Mr Si stoped ste . ee ee tsi ri 8 nts, Saki ob 3 eh a A tact fst Eee 3 Vet i ovecin rowee unseen Peeks teehee are elie. Seen soe intecmsteg wenger inthe lemon — posal inthe see best ae meaateack aptannint Yo oltinnaes hy cre weer aga tenes eo ge, ach comes coum le gt tate, wie ei Tabara mre co Foe Me eadiet intgetongions He oo eeBgegegs6o stgajs00 The Zero Arte aasdgiol, daaufgtobo, Joweafidab vt os Fob He. Byron, Geog, England, fia 07 Lasn006. séligom bakgeegel Fab WER) i tobgaetepbgbe ° Per Mr Brown Sop Pte Sih Wang. Lord Olivier — gown at nt Capain Cook ~ yng abseioh obo 3H696¢ ohbon ts fokg eninge mana Vagrgan, RM Ms Mothers at home sae Woburn seo Fathers at work ano bobobgston Beso SbyBoow,lakgeeb Fok War money. i paper, omer go ton aha agaeaos 5 s8bgmadonice sttydoon bobgeBob Fo Scie ghgie Line ng By bxerghs Loveless Bey ogee hats: 9 Igeagerm’v8> agri9b Segwogrgial ts ° a seas Cie oe Erne 1920) 09 dideajorxe sAlgton bohyeyhl poke Ie Bodgtgeenion gh8oando, Bon Fob odnyees The eee, Hy Redesomron ghbaindo, low Pos sana The Sack Thetitkinthe ls ihot- i, 0 A, dpm Aofos, hyeeo. The musics wo oud gh Spb dens Leer way 26 basa Soh ory Ben nAgfgecotor gb asia shia foes B5daesepol B5Rafos (gfe gages 7 what ob oF ot Fon, Bt a sgh tog tas ee hat beutfl wear! en Piggy 28 Wheto msi buon 8 aboeron sna Besnts Gok. Bg ob babyeeforeadoen Fob: 8 dahgieds Bgtigbls, 2 nb Beli se egémaneob Troudway deren, Nusubize see ~Byg0% dhs 10. goon o1bndghgan boganyeos6: Gecipan jotorn Engl agente Spanish S660 1 toh ob Usha Geography = 3a" Moust Breet ~ spat cols gens boar feo Fagigna Gogo bgeegbab Po: my snc od, thisbook gb Fogso 1B Lodge Fo read, chews 1s, Loom ggsen wsdoib bab Ty gomtogh gesioIoe. 10 sake —BsBghyoe sage foams Yo He plays otal TSeaisebs ngggdabs eo Fagab ging UsbyaePeeoens pl ell you on Monday - mc edoonb eoenhaand Ins eold in Winter bode6/80 gop stain target heer Aybaigés 7 easzobo ws Faced een ei aobbsbegtco Be igipeerbne obdstpb, 2806 The Gage sbdotinde. 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ON tobe released from prison — (yohaeo8 goGonsnbasegbo. Dasg@stie sAlgdonn Isbjee seb Bagh geet LsqsGt 05 dnt. baygmoces omstnnsgbeb, dankioelsJorecieoet ”etgage rns, (Material) sO grb gHOO DEEN wb iH Coorg Ra oon ett flock — spo ingeemted ‘aeijoy ge sie si: Writing-desk - Friendship ~ oe spodevgeeo (Abs) a build ies sheep F tahgage obo gh Basle siher~ sien toh Ts ag Bg (Simple), 694 ogo (Compound). 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Bag qsc tomorrow's weather bgeobegeen soir ten minute’ break ~ sr geo 12) daai6o80%, Joeeodyieb oie gh Geongi's economic —Injptiongser yoo, 0 Faxol sesnon, nggdob fe wigaob bobgseT ones Sunday's rest ygotorggn sabgghs Thesis ays— nb hogs Y spaseob, Bs6dogeol oeIGCIQ6gee older bobyse Bons en dll’ worth of ere ‘three miles walk dh ©») Bye 94mondgdors6: for + noun + sake: ahs ghiscenior of-ob samaboeg> Shas Boreal. of obtseghs byerogs legge Theleg of able Asgels hh The roof ofthe house ~ Ls sk The moter ofthe boy Bool sexesagbodongo bobgseo THE ADJECTIVE vanborin pee 7 nest -gefi'bo, round - gg >a, ll a 1 bsbgeee. neon (deved) > sp hoxen (compound). Baejog ystbatasy hyeEd WocasseHM woe gestion. Baagogn elafinage bsbyergbos tall Bo aeatl FordngBsome eorinogn bobgeegbe oFseBagts Magegba aot ago bapndlgil bsByesegbon: uefa -LsboriggPee, wacom forte agebgesgigere se & pagbee bs ope eo bap or awbodonsg Usbgerans Bygorgbono botobbyso Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives ibgho. Bast 0 (Com Bpgosgdono botabbydob ForBergB> Formation of degrees of Comparison Ayes fageenste Vygbotinngo bokgae punt = ¥, om, - er aedapgtomb — eat- Lapnglghed seo gboine apy = Be happier mar —30F 69 narrower clever Aygo lever sion the happiest = gggeeoty Zoe the narowest~yggees the ceverest—ggggestg gna gob or 9698 360 skier Binge. boBobhyba Fees acaba hot (basse hater ve Ps ey. bash Vosiegotab “ me Jat= pg ase game ramsey p36 beave “dsgobrever Tsdsqo braves yggeesby As8ago Bonggeeats Fo 19° wong ro eat bi prety ~ pedo Preteen etn the pretist— spas gestYo6 begs, Horksthytal FarngPost . the eves 9 ote mogh Babigsngho yeatigen botlihgBls fey SBh more es setnbghoor bobbing most hog, Wg Malem onSsBgetengy — moremodem yqeer os6slgeeng intresting bontigghey — moreineresing rgd bsagesb foubtil= bogdaes more dubtl - ye oa ait — Fyfe moe quit ~ py Ty the most modem gggasg osbsclgesng Seen ei eg Ihde the most doubt yggze>g lagi 4. dogo ‘egebatinoge Bobggen bosalihg appiotygezo Wp Tile(ongs = gpgin thle anes = ger ayy er sy Se gestion betnbha abdsegs eo bog bob 96 Joss By eis Boks more interesting than that one Flo en oat M She isclevererthanhersister—ab yg gnsbo, gost Ait This book isthe most interesting seg ‘She isthe levers git ofall ol sgse'hy agosbo gem 5. Farther /Farthest oo Further /Furthest ong gots Yorks farther’ Farber tha Lincoln ayn eer Bo sty, ‘York is the farthest / furthest town — aewiyo gggue%og Farther /Furthest— gb josey geina Sorlghgeemds 068 obdsdighs sBlgogOge sObgloor bohgeeiont Further supplies areneeded- sg Hive near my office Ay fb ngolanc abet The bank it nearer tha the pot ice hy This the nearest way to London — 5h sb Nest” yeaa sagen Whois the mex? — go nl hago Pll meet you next ook 7- Lat, later the latest ghd pobrgrind Wisi ~ agree She leo og nD Shecane ribs lexpectd—oh yan Wemet womens ber—fy tn oa Tyas, Toho Matte Lantern ge oat preieee Cone: Later ast aorghs obeys ial ata oe Ipet- apoio ype Gop and Lado ik eure The fries poet the ate pe fers fier —amaob ws oeob yo “ean auch gyal Sngien, tose ysegh” gsbnonte When did you ast ee him? deeb mje, bye nh?8. elder, eldest, older, oldest dey eestaynin. Argan bagygeBo 96 obs Agestigbotl My eller brother gho gino 1. Hiseldestboy ist chool oe ye ‘Olde, oldest gp 6nbo. Bee eis olde than Lam ob Fy) a3 Shetsthe oldest ofall ob yapexohg gerbe bast Avg: Is very hot today crenimuchfaris bit sbisighs és "ged ike aayeatgie bosib 1s much hater today ciahes pion trnascemee Ygebstonge tabgsedo poten Bonotgon oobi tags egg cera a amore enol Ba. .. emt pale low Spl spd cloverot the clever tore clever the mos clever piolbbbegtign: foBrmngsense ¥A3006 obfoeigbs Yass nsgo bskgee0 0 ot Oboes te appear foot become seem ook CChilrentecome ited quite easly Ange sees cee Tocmeal ted god (bal) — oye sn (ce) af Pe atelirmcieeneastkoeee Ose sai ‘gwotgdo Comparison 1. ra bol Byeatighs gafrmrbaggdo goGlyeindge 25... a8(obgenay-smgeéng) arg B00 jaafGo0m oabsdotin My room i as lage as yous — Bye msbo okgengg_ seo Sexo, Bye efeastallasisfather—cb lgyeagRagseos igri Ble be She is as white ws snow—ob ewgiengoo ngoréns ‘acrystbeuahate. basehlg as ann SlSerggooe wot sles a8 Myroom snot sofas large as yours fo nasbo sth sls align os Cgeiton 356. Teisnoso tall asisater ol 6 ott Aa mbt hogfal Agrees shgg shone Nwaamatecxpmsve ant haght—sb yg dt sl nes Hab Tak oo fate Dob 36 gah Bpgeots yebigerote he ino aa Te buling the ode fal- gb sageohg dng Bnd 5 Npmohboos xe seaetgnaes eres Sonia ioe Eiencanin basen ‘adabheab, ever gt =Vane sever met akinderman <8 yo Jomnee grab of 2) ‘agit scent: be known, deer, fer a end ne efits gghagesoget WyGea9 : ot NR hve ever drank gb Ugh Hea a nown tan expert nts ob odors, gt og ty pegilg won sbesseaiod Aan a ea mao eer meth sgashg same ae Ohm andes x a eye me Ste agogs got tan nator es nce as bah ea bp oa aa ae ane. the + comparative (6543 296° ~ for Ramee eles tana sopra ape a mofo seo 0-8. byes obsbgin og ih - aaa : ss abgieegh AopTygboban Boge Wn pigge he beter = cy ag seme? AFR Bom OMT. Secs ne on 1) tiiean obsess ne sonar you ke te mdi te bts you wil fel — 43 peta ietie oases Snort vleoko F eoscgg Fotos Boor IIOP BI BIEN ova 4:thanias + Bocgonelsbgiee * wiley Wo: cy woman i conus #00 3H. SOS Jara ton nonin doe 35 pgs Soyea? web irae yim oqo wengoea Aryis992. gore oh ‘ pana yA" > TOO Te Lnoen ce aa dt in age - 86 HH Bop ce 2. compara ant eran cl HTH 90° Bet 8 gore tb sing : Mia aclds yure 0p 2) ato of of vtetcane tessa et ieesed ogo gw TOM ‘skaighs Twehor ite Exapsetskgeatab Bea Aa exqhae 04 ROH IOUPIE deg0s 96> of gobi, . Tend ear = cand you ae Hehe moe tie han ive ve) B68 Katana 6 O) Bobodg gba - a a . 2) tet geese ob Bsn Bera Mobily: bogtotayo oscolySe Live ob 3) agbate fel, ook, mel taste, sound oP obtsegds me/us nee 2 a aoa Tefas morte hn Tee eens po 60 oi threes gael bet 6 imeem Dt amet a ce inno taatoss of IE Googetonyepat pgs 96 obs aerbsbodogsst Twi bater than be sesbrseegiaie noyaron’ Akgeahneel 9 Bob¥g auger acaeT ee ing ona tghrope~ gb obyreaas GMOS O° You are stronger than he Bg6 Sol sheng Bo Bee Bognhg bnotige2® {wim bener than him 8 sb “349 3409 SS cae Twnngeion bybornogo Unkgene 698000 bobyeeals 46 F iecegginad gsdmbsbosIh Hisar dengan ws gortojagh emeBonbine gazelle. Boo WoS 2) asin arp techs) — ol obfogsegbenon Mirtios. pettevcatoero sttosees the po Boones, le ayant yranecoged Iogear coos 8the + adjective The rich getricher—emstighn 36 Boreas righob yond the -sfegsea sage ag 3H 96H se mighone Usbyeeaed Fo, Geteegb BEN FReecas UgedbgBg eo sxc ARagg6 Bigs 36 The Spanish ghoskgengio The French ~ qq “The Chinese —fobigegbo ‘The Swiss 2yg0 GoomggGrdoae ggbsdnogo bobgeegbo ‘Quantitative Adjectives 1. Manyngtn)s few (mds) obtorigds nganne, Aogeerbor oo dnggob séigbon bsbyegims. Z'stuch(ngen lege) — bogs prgsees,Ab “aoghgrl ssbgiom babgegBes6 Ho takes many misakesob Bgy6 geo TThve few books athome — 8) baba nds Te ‘We bave not much coffe —fggh se ggodgh Aggie ghas Thave litle money —g gods geo Adah Salle afew — 6x6 gerboeegbo, Agena Bogor Son tyes rag Boa (gn bBo tam sfg gomooo have litle flour 89 Go ve oath ga8lagheBos) ‘Tremuscum basa few visitors yr 3o Boba pas Hietew = geese. (otcbo Botte, sésbstigrng) Boar odo THavlitte four 8g goss donee Bago (a. adgonee 00- Som gobs aba, nd 9 Agygs dodgh apdnbogber ve) se ecacum has fw visions 28 BybyQ9> ods Websgeen yeah. (0 eongind 36 2yeg)) Much goo litle eo few —b Gsgacse obotgs hardly ry 05, A negative yerd~ much many We sw = We saw hardly anything 6 We didnot se much — 2 0 “Tourists come here but few stay overnight = Tourists come here but hardly any stay overnight = n¢oly0 Honosb vf Aye gry ns sl ews fem b Fob obs phagge hago: so ver iow 30 lint aout tis drug — neh io Fotel Mohd 4 Many, much gases yooh esenneigioati ‘Webuve not got much cheese — Fgh of sand Have you got much hamewoH? gg¢n sevgoeeaio anda Have you got many books? ~ ye Yoon Bad? many obise9s ‘yougion Vobsseoegbin, 0 Sughh yaegyn laste: a good, wrest, 3, a on mech — abies yr Totogesegtoe, Bah shige oy, to, Tinae a good many frends there ay nf asgonsb. &gyén hy gratin Bagmdag chs so many obs thathecanot find any re tme— As hein stein odes od enngoligome see 06 aah ‘Shereadas muchas abe could 95 They drank 20 much wine — br dag srrcaPion FoososgtsBo gdigtose oboe met of late geben Sigg asegrcoaroAlighcms Ulich He spends lot of money om clothes Mex’ batengh have alot offends here — Ry of dbseoo6 age By Dhtstnn goreaxr ener Meee aSugar? ‘Int oa? ~ alte please Stereadsa aol aga yoodgecrdh Boggorbobgero Seg ar ociea moa peal oe THE PRONOUN SS Sit Sccees en eat vi sosclakgee sob bape gen blghsafhe pecsayers Snr yoy, ily, ely ban. iy sg en Si Ber echge Sent cael, ed, te red 2 garaforegione (Psst) ‘Sable fahinable, possible proba, semble 3 fii (Demonstrate) Denti cart l,l, sla Teatge (dee) American, Crisian, German, ban, nan Russian Nera) cmusing, disapointing suring, willing interop) lames eres cil arms, sees : ‘tela foi, arta, popu. alr ila & ggadsago (fev) Boob Boggomebobysngdo babgeerdon dryGgoIo Personal Pronouns in the Nominative Case Gece igen abit. En toon ie © ‘ He was carrying ance new black leather breease- 25h io fe {dome gedsinn shear Regn 6asg0b hylresbo. sede Singular abogerdoe Lado 18g Tito you~ 46 yo Plural d6sgeqetnino we tahecbohasce, than Where's my pen Hon etal, hog sfobs ck a tht lays comesto my window. 3h Ste antec (do aon Bgl quoxstabeat dn Wine. (bobo tn Babyy any weighs 2 ks. dado Sognsalnbaeabe moans tafe eee sonal Pronounsin the Objective Case "hgh Who si Singular Bboxeooo Plural Béogezerone 1 obo me ws fach 2) AePgs soto ft Date 18 you Whal time st? Wess ogseo tasens? Mi talent Sb tet ‘What’ sthe dite? sth tertof May As qin How long does it take to gt tare? ~ Ke depends on how you go Bramneckohgeen agin’ Béghigs Be obo6 s - ab Fob aR Se Mateo he — ah Behn Tgneteranincsting book 25 Aah bokggéghe Foye ta ; = wip Q al moo ight Teal ogo Hebougta bunch of Rowers are 25h sera Irs hoold inthis room Ghasenlceg ramaforagbone Saagneebsbyeato ago gab 06 Uabgeyob Fob "sg°—20 gO pis (Whose?) [gave the presen to he. antgndnen seta gghol pen sob shag. brane neSomion Bogorchobgenghh © paves leter tober. [ade cake Forbin ES nes sol eerie I gave her alter inde im cake a ioe oe your — mao It oso Boggoseistgeeab gsBonigdo Uses of i naa ee fie oborigh boghghns6, qbegqee sbsatel Lys id= 1od tmnt i Nio'sroom slight “er wom ight rs Luar aaa Sa erens woe iy tees Sa oe Poste Boogoebobgeen sgohyghgbl, Gd bytoglgo Jo Her mae at wrk — ees tabi soe. gona lege eat Singular Thnmgeone rural Magenooe _auadeggan Boggosebsbgeato Tete mie ye aS ence Pronouns tl dotn Rains ona Teentaal -| Tom and Am Blamed thesis forthe scien — Theses ovine gh ob . meets aay a nado Foc ste esol Jue so Vetoes em a aPgda% Boggoeebogergdo Troan to see Jim himself enor ol Emphatic Pronouns na fQeat site aunjospn Sosa FggGgdooe Goggose babgee ado Demonstrative Pronouns stern Foe Mt faxes Sagacity This That ob yours yourselves — 6 fo henelthimself sell themselves As esate An opened the door herself ~ Ann herself opened the doorThese/Those-aktjhs ingen igh This bok s god = these book re good ab gn goeigns / gh Tharbay i good ob Bodo ota Tha boys ae good — ab’ yey Yo Sedorimgboen Saganeetabgeegbo seca, Holagig ppeeabho Therelivesaman whotold me thetuh=oj grind gdh niggedag, Bonds lilting, (Bo xo of Bg fatigeom Gaggpechelyergi Whose éerdecos, gag; (oedestnb 2 Socepeghgenes Wheel man who robked ou has ren amested — gogo, eye body, thse Bogygaethgae os Iphege Everyone what knew him ted hi ~ sage is Sete ate 16 abaseob a, oeabryea seoogosegdo oh 2. edngloratn Blige Bayyaserotgsegi: Whom, Whe, That —6eilgztoc Whom nisin Spots sabato mh Losey fesedrin olescelegSte, bors igeite oboe Who si That, ose! That 36 bagi Bibra dndoturghoms Bocgoelabge ier told me to come ack ody yoo, eng 8 eh soa LO The mas who Iam tol me to come back tod. The ma th {sa told eo comeback td The maa I sw tld me io come bck today. (Brgy) 3. Whom, That dds Toseagsgia6n oysonly@ go mhom AsstmgBn 6 cn Val ebseps Vota ‘Theman to whom spake 0, ergot, 2 ggeoastny- Yeosedetogn vigexalzy® gto Fobmgeapen skisaghs ribeye gigs ob That Theman who'whom I spoke =f The ha that | spoke w The man spoke 0. Mat bough irom told me tool The man | brought Fon fold = Te end with whom Iwas tveling spoke French 6 The end hota was traveling with. os The fiend Iwas traveling with 4 hin aston Koggrenbobgege Whose The film is about a spy whose wife betrays him ~ yop oAob on oT Tyhadyh srdyeebog, Gomeo gsbesl S.Whichithat- sedges, deisebo This isthe picture whichtat cause such a sensation gh fab ob ”‘Which that Fndgeco, Bega pian Biting apechabsegins The cor which that | ied broke down sf The car hired broke down ig sesqndoiog nett ite, much none = bog mpeg, wos. that sb by Alte apls that late tsb pis This is the est tel (at) How m gin ices ghsdo Which Bs Saggorguotareok Yor obdutigle Folge, Mngedatay The addr on wich ma standing Began op The lar which tht was standing onbeganto slp The ladder] was standing bea slp dg Spee By sma, soo ao +b noun/pronoun + eave clase tives Tom ha heped ae to og asl) ~ Ge ead Wath manager that we wan to oe Bag6 BpSoncateh Babys astiglstbgae geo Goggomebobgengbo definite Pronouns al each, every, both, neither ether, some, any, no, none © Baggosetsbgso some (rs, hy ou Rokomompta ta. bax? ay de There are some books onthe able Asqusorhg Moshe Yo Some of us saw him deg gigas sesaisbs Tah poner ap oy Sass oop} Sane i Bs Se Peecteayiat ee ieee cased Ok Davee ty cps 3h S tea Rapan ae de thave anything ol you nf ing tomy anything obs 90 GoghSelah, Gog abae Tk nyhing dont mind wht dink flo fo oh ‘mache veins fl. ggg obs Ayano Sneed someone gaveit tome yoy Boos 4 Scaayboy Famyone ly somo sbbesghe Joey earn Teosoasiae Didyou se anyhdy yore? — Gok oy anybody anyone soe Agen obese stagh tpbngeh soaps Aone wl el you where the hoot ~ ggee/Sgbabogto soba babe bogey a cooly fwmcone—obintgds gembgrmks ses ase Tosomeppoh' a ewig» ambsough beg Wil somebody sencone ep mc? gi bd adam peheregieon Sahar Te uncon’ pasprt bes bec sen gaggyob Askin a6 srpastanto body ne onesnthingucpesebobneagi Mba gout Ther rien aah Everybody everyone — ase, Everything soguetbobgegt be gmebbigte Bho Brerybodyereyone knows bout geod OL cll Faison Momebody / someone, something, anyone, anybody, anything, no smcheny earch ro wesanep enytine ad Gn Thre was somebody eof 01 30S A Aakers shew helpyou-Ubgo gh brbngg soko. someone somebody, anyone, anybody, aa en, nobody +e Seadoo oh amas ame Uiok someone e's coat —B goes 50 gH 10. Onvons — pafglstictigee faygoselohgeel yen 1 Bob rai Bek, oan Tn iether pve me atone pee ab goon. ob dag ger. on ik these shes, please ive me those ones Ay a4 fh ree daaslge ape itengieiine Teather ethers Ubgo, ewig habe She carried seas in one and and an mbrela inthe other [Las meet some other day men, Ugo sx Aggbaiae Maybe she isa good gi but ike the oer. Where asthe ober? — Ugg hogy ota8 another ~ ob in Murghgee 1 do’ ike this sweater, 1 bay another 8y 96 Bode6b gh Togo, bhgst gry Int have another cup of ilk 13.0 age ry yp Bos6i 6 Ungabh geo MDs grat higte teggerbae Sah e All were present ges gh Allearshave wheels Boe 255foh0b fyb tevtdaegBe A ekteesgdo MaBiega grboerndorgtont: sa measras athe ayeof + thelthisthesethadthove porseatves and nouns Allofus wenthome ~ gees fgyiga6o Fogo bobs el agpieate a6 got, getbnggmegion 860%, Aengs AU Besta oblgboore Uabgaeo ob boygonelsbgeeo Bhar ‘llth towns yygees doses Allis ie degre abe, TA. Nene onagronn, Shogo shake mitog Bo Usgab so wast ose. sera ego None of © thethessthose or posessve Gs gush abogeebonog 9 WSageertn In ie: None of them havetbae a car Sis fn Bomb. 96 1S. eack- mangas obomgAs obeys Ba Each man knows what do ~ gee yogis gob 60.66 Rn ack obBorghs TyBieag gnShgadongbnss Shot thesethoselthe Each ofthe boys has amap-ps20 Boh adsl ag 2) each af wiyouthem achofustaramapsager0 Sagipa6b oda aye Te. every apne repel eto gees Rolie oi Ezeh eo Every goctbigincé ‘isl Shegersom Gogh 7. Bath —crengg Teoma mf subimgogeny 96 begs aes Nile gongs Bengeenbor agi. bath Igoe 3) Seid 86 SAbgoer genes geno Bee fae es oa agg eta pe: 2) oth (of) thetheselthose ar possessive both (the whesle ogy Bee Bosh (a) your fiends egy, ByserBoe ‘both ef + usyoulthem Bein et new kag Raggio et Fi vas boi cold and wet— He sbotb an actor anda decir cb, Asbo s goleving, batho bstotnliodns neitherine either st Co gS Sent nan aaah ia Neh of erteetore or pose og ‘elther of + thethevethose/possessives oF personal pronouns Pe ead nite of theve books — ego Neither of them knew the way - 6g OM ether sn By fgerns go a9 (6 Sout dibs fhm on 3) mega ib ies pouibiohe Dvngenn fee ty pt cay 2 as Se ce, sig tye iter is icheetier man seh, : ier of you kevake vacation, wel ot ish he wk — oy ponte sae Bynes een is, Ether of + theiteetos oF pssesive as gos ae Iomerteertny sev boogerotoerbeg ier of ten are nek Soyeciber oar ego an in pthc wit nor phoned = Bak’, Borges oA FE scr espe ph ae eg Notberve nor arguments ha any eft oni ~ stg ass ge 3a Sag nGUM oh gee Bo Ser at Bpeat stigtome Usb Heer Gate 2 Fab ag Sheeran Fogbate peakklgb, bce ery[_oeter Fnoun + nor = sngatar noun + singular verb] Neier John nr Bl is going tothe beach tay — 3 fig Bese at Boel vee Seal clther + noun F aor + plural woun > plural verb John nor is ind are ging othe bea day 4, 60 ther. 01 + negative verb (qoegegiene is) gest Jomd Iywhebo Agggpezeb weiter wor Datit wander peo light~Boyal ol oF Om 0 gS He did't ether write or phone - dob sg, gh mona Dis ether F365 You can hive citer water o fit juice ~ Regmiseos 6 Typexe Booting 26 boseob F "You mist either go a once oe wat il tomorow Ig6 6 shscogg abies Fobgoeg. 36 byowesdieg Bongos og oF ab ghee, sihghome Usbzso0 Abogoe So(shy ns, abog Dhogrteer echo ‘ iy deo Labgeeo Brg ¢ ther Jo or Bilis pong to the each tod ther John or his rend are going tothe beach today ~ ceo obo Agger ese seta ago goriyeqjoo Goggosebsbgeegbo ‘Negative pronouns ssSyrgona Gaggpschohgeegtno: me, mone, nobody, nothing so on, nlther, psypngome Bxsyseesbge Boogh sgl goers IT gargeon Regoesbnhyene mo = soto obtsegis gooloals 20 godyerjom FoseoeAgBIn. Ax, dot have any books = Ihave no books —@ ghgbo of ode Ted’ ave any frends ~ ave ends. Aggee go Do aboighe dng Weexpected ltr, but none came fig 3 oxegBh, gl aiggtine oth Brg Nove of us wanted 0 go there seo Fas 96 Wy ot 2enathing —séioygfn, nobody / no one of aseprnon Foboseseahgto ms is HG: Nobody liked hin ol oéisgrs Sov Tere was nothing oa the oor oopgiog stag Iida’ soe anybody in the see =I saw nobly Inthe test ~ Ay There i mo anything nthe box ~ there is thing the box 39 onghormdome Boggoeebobyee go Reciprocal Pronouns Each other —gods6gmn. gstrbogegh mtn gang geo « 6b Bool They love each ther so gens fgon ese Tom an Ann looked at each ther — (er 5 68) yboidsgo Saalone another ~ yhoo speabaecatob 6 wg gg sestnabl Boab 1 didn't know that Tom, Armand Hab were tends” —“Oh, yes, they've known one another for year.” “By 96 gor. 68 Gn, fs den AggraegBo eB soaker og ersbsdbieggergexo Fos Consecutive order One, Another, the Other orth oe order ~ Some, Other, the Other / ‘Some, Others, the Others (the rest) seoshbbenfge eo Some, Other, the Other oh seroma Gaghgil mgezose seine Usbyeeal § some count noun (+ other + — ‘he otherthe rest of the + cout Some houses are fren fer owes re for ale and the tert restofthe houses ae empty "bone tbe Joss fends, beer aeboiig. bskaegBo ~ qa Some, Others the Others (the res) sboighs MtogeerBoow hand ofilgbee bobgieoh Sages some + count noun (pl) + others + the oher/the rest Some schools are Universit oer ar colleges and the ahersthe rest are jamorcolleges * sey gombgooe Bo ggoeesbgeegbo Interrogative Pronouns ting shotighs logit doo What sinha bag? — eo ob Roe What bi is > Bajos gh What country do you come fom? noo Janne boi? What did you do that fr? = Why di you do tha gyWhat asthe exam ks? pst — oh dena dig ‘What is the weather ke today? Is sunny — ee "Wht esr like? hoster ogetosbins Balto ob 4 nasabgaghy@b rica. ‘What isthe people like i your county? ~ 6 fast? ‘Whats se ike? ~ She's shor and fat and wears glasses sols a ~ ab fio sedi, Aso ses hamgoseaaBh se g8 ‘What ie like? =H is very fendlyergrt oto ol — ol Assonsb dygesese0s. ‘2) What does she/he ook Wks? — eer? enraged cong of Beerbgggsfagh aapohatabg8b Dewgyighe dnteighe 96 lays meen, 396 $oob gta we of Whit does she lok ike oA goemyigho Sie tal, She looks ike her mother ra ‘What does it look ike’ Ie’ black and shiny, It ooks like coal 1) go what sdosighs autingighsns dolsén, Sbgwaase sth Intggoos tnfsbends ‘What sis fer? He sa doctor. tes. Bro — 06? obdsighs Those 3 ‘Who tok my book? go oa Who fssining thee? ‘Who stat boy? He is Jon abe As? — dogo? ob 3. Whom ~ gel? Gocgosebotgere afin Bagge BgEgs postgane Eacguctalgeein WE ‘Whom do you se? gob. gs? f6rgs eb ohBs6ghs 0 on, Bs Ab o yoorgob, Nobiepie9 to “To whom were Jou speaking? ~ gob To thom di you sve the present? A Whee pled ggodecparieebpren Bog Wisibcarbioka steer pots GaGa pone Whose child thie? ~ gh gobo dogges? S.Mihich- eid? obdoigdo ngrig Aothgigon, big IngbigBob dhs. Brg atiigsbne gaboygergbgaze ‘Wetavetwo Smith er, Which of them) 40 Ou Want Fh eo annah af dag tndgeco nighsge? ‘Which Book di youlike best? yggees'bg Bose Godgano “Theis in whisky and wine. Which wil you have? ~ gg 360, gobgo so sant. ogee eoweage? ‘Who, whose, whieh, what sap Wie ablstighs hy Vatongol asghol ‘Whe py the ill ods cacao sob yf whys 6 gorganbmal afgofindh? Whosfwhich hove won? gold PinBgaeds ghy6lo gealsey vw ‘hat happened? dies? Asgjoh tings 3B yoobgome Goggosalshyeegbah Blea obsegis ee yrigSs S60, AsI06 Wao obaoMRS soorbyee tyra Who ae you? — 99 bot p62 Whose is this book? -goos gh Pega? Whats that noise? bogs? ens gorkgo eaglob mng46U jowbjone Boxgoeebobgcese 2s Who, whose, which, what ob Bp, ES wb8Se8> gooke apes Who did yo ce? Whose book dd you boro gobo Fogo workers? Who loves George? = gob ass er? Whos ByBerbgggoe oxinb bybnadon — Mooest Whe does George lave? go ggg04. xeWhe 09 yfebgagso otiob oegion 260,127 wo handed and sity thousand one hundred and wens Whos you? ga fabs 36? (subject) seven Who did you se? 906 shy 395? (object) 305,00,000- three hundred and thee million ‘oshgom Usa 100,100, 1000 000 Beg Bingen Bone god Foe Goghgemo Usbgeeo ‘The Numeral Thasands of people oonshetaa hoexbo pobavis kana ein Wash Wins Boronia i haan nit Tone Oa gh sh Seger Reclegima Bl emerges See? Nya? {The Canal Namen) sen qysown (The Oia Nome) Sngrowe Gago tabasco ofseeghs th Ug 1 Garesbown Fogo bebe inal mater) oir fodgeeng yhogek Aooxegbobon doghgon bsbgeeBh. sf Robb agh tga Gaogonie’ we Bragmoseh gonigsy Gabe we ghieoe gest tnogagbe. st anegpee "seo Agoeg feo tid day Lone 1s fteen 29-wenty nine aa sini Kev ale ace = aie oar siesta — Sygate 3c 7aaeveneen 31 thie ~one sate? tenet — gre) a-her 18 cighien ‘tony ee trent” mean 5 fve 19 —ninten 50 fy aay feny snd nee) 6a 20 twenty sat ae meny thd sg 7 seren 21 twenty-one 70-seveny Sec ae tweet ert = Oo Sciam rwenty= two $0 eihty ich aye thi —caesdgpeg 9- ine 23—wenty tree 90niney fin — 259 fet Speen 10m 24—twemty— four 0a ded tenth — song fitietridese8oog leven twemy—fve 1,000 a thooand Alevents” 2902969 sixth — bsdG9 fees 26—twenty—six 1, 00 000-s milion Iwelth~ Agno seveaith— bellngedgong thineen —27—twenty— wren hice p90) sighed going finn 28 twenty cht fourseats—fymobdgog Beith —embgeoony fees ~apeteyodgn Inde fan om bskgeo 100, 100, 1000000 = obisegds sixteen —Aomadaba poe 1836 6agghgpom labgeenn ene yo 100 ~ onela hundred oon 00 cae sheet qytinegds and yg: 5. 12 five thowsnd one hundred and wo @Gagbgono babgeegbob Soro Fa> 1-49 eadmmengbgsee fomegbinne Gaghgooe. sb agin PngiBnow aggre Ushyenad FaBgBobial:y— b copenst leon sixty — beg ~ sith — Bgbslsg 2 four go ferty—ob Forgas ou ouaenate @ four — arb — fry oe 3 five gpgeeo fit, nine nth, owelve—evelAh 4. demeghsg Begebome Gogbyoe UabgeegBe GoyAgbom ppBeebodghe teem en aber glhgghe second=2nd for second = 42nd think Sed sity hi = 6rd fourth= th eighth ~ SOK onghgonn babgsen obdosghs aabbsbregse0 ‘The twentieth day — Ayo 9 & Banaztob GoogeEyd Farebsb gslghapogen dedoy m Boge Vogeodornyer gseobien fg The oe pbistio ‘Charles V~ Cares he Fith— sie’ gba Elizabeth I~ Ekzabth the second qsea'b34) Byrig ‘Poseasegdo: Fractions V5 = wone ith gam Agbgerge0 10 sone tenth fn B30 UA—alone quer yono Sgronk geo 1/5 thee fits bobo 710 seven tents ~ 3p 216-—1wo sits - 6 89 45 — four point five nr 208 — two point 20 ive i {Bgs20) Fae ot (Borge) Fae 6 45736 four five seven point tre six enbsb ee nostoonada SarzggMfab Gogo osooghs TyPegg6 1705-98 double seven ob ive nine eight 95-61 ~22— nine ives seven hee two Time 0 10 otek (its ten o'lock)- 0 & a) 10,20 (event past en) edge Fen 10, 30 (ha past ten) ngoosggi bygone 10,45 a quaner to dlelven)- g6odyhb gees obBQO 10, SO(TRy minutes to eleven) sngéanghyee0n Sen P00 Date wes Thedaysofthe week goal seg Sunday (Sun) Tuesday Tues) Wednesday (We) Friday (Fr) Sanuary an) February (Feb) March (Mar) April (Ape)daly August (Aug) September (Sep) Octaber (Ost) Notember (No) December (Dee) a achat March the tenth 6 the tenth of Mareh~ ser Bj Vast yodseg’s AéogoeeBooroe wsghghinn Marc 10 To March Toh of March March Ith 10th March March the 108 Veer Vase 1078 —ninten seventy sight 36> THE VERB as 2400 Ayo dribapogh Tom sits onthe carpet (80 hoses wr auto oll Jota, exten nghr: Blea lod ger: fg Rosen eo Boy soo, Usb gore eb foray ohgacaligh a ae (i gb, Bt Sesh ako Goqgnerbshgeoo ghey oa Ahmgeesiom Secba odab Lalo gh, ben Résyeqedonilo fsbo 06 fob soatigeegiob Bobggnn Ws ZpniczaBo mb Foes i gob voundess — tdsagce 6s, edges Tyengs 6 6 ol gow, to babysitBoPmadogomga ws gocigoggoeeo VEgB0 Trancitive and Intranzitive Verbs Taw An athe pany 8p 360 Fans foba Tleep inthe bedroom Gogh ogg oy gosseoagosze Mbgossthge FoBomom sh The door opens —jneo jase (GOGO The wind opened the door Jos gon gos eigen og Sgedosbo (Borogotc) so sQobseg @yPaaeee) 36h Notional and Auvziliary verbs gto og Bey canmgowe: bese se 4 > Wah Fouonp ste sbeseshy6 ‘She eas books 9 yooh akaseg Wigho sPorngyb ong secingBh sesAo6g igo: to bet have todo, wl shall. Tin to-do tobe eo twhave Tynes nyo Wis We ag in the garden — tig gation Bago (hereof po). ‘We ate plang inthe yard ig gst bere (sho pane se goer gyal bo eng Does he workat the factory? jomBb 0 o tohave sai ‘obese ss fi She wil pase penpetenfl aia gigs 1890 Vase De,have,do- Grn ssdlrgyoreabgene Bo ’ySganndol Present Tene oFAiye ee 0 Bagge ig WK o6 sfoeBengBb goog Nevative mim you areyou're hethe’ they aelthey're amt? ther ate they? am nom not hes othe’ not, Ts not’ not they are notithey're notInterrogatne| Neative vas wast? | twas nout wase't hhe/sheit was ‘was heishe/it?|heshelt was notwasa’t they were swore they? | they were motthey weren't Future Teme Ongonee se Atfrmative | _tnterrogative Negative state | shat be? all at bi hast be | onthe nit at ene The dogs inthe garden — doe Peer was all and far — 39669 He will bes doctor tla He vas eppy —ab 2am a iyesentol 8 Eotesgh — aproisb Present Past Future aia 1 wit de elses eset wi do imelyouthey do | —weiyouithey a | welyouthey will do 70 ‘She ds her lesons afer schoo! oh sec Pog bh Syn hea ‘edo our work evry yf yas 9 asbegbon fg Lsagaeo ‘Ana dd the washing-up— 6:8 4s Til do my homework tomorow 83 hgase sags Uaotoe Ere tne, 6oqmsg eedogyiaboeee HR is 16, Gong = Jo sreet Present Past Fore nave nad bebe has heihett had — | bute wil have Inevourthey have | welyouthey had | velyouthey will have He hs wo sons ast o We id a car— fgg Bs6jo60 9399 Tom will ave aft ~ Gr Boo 3g65% To have ito obdoighs haay ee aber neit- sesh have dink soma iohmea walk UgesGer> to ave acold oqo twhaveabathishower- ss bs6ol/Thsdob Ago tohve smoke =r twhavea good time - 9 e6rrob gor totes headache —cngah Grane: to have breafasvnchidingersupper 0 ne tacofeea meala toda cee dea,‘To have got Jobo, goes amemative nverropve Negathe be har ates ge cha at hes nota lihesgovitegot, [haritge? | Rhacnot gots not gt Ine have otwe've got [have we got? | we have mot gatwe've nat gst Ihave gota lot ends Ay gyn BygmbstiAogh Fortine ee seg had PAGOb dotomome gorsIss0 ‘The Basic Forms of the Verbs oe geen hin weg igh 9 6 al gtea eens ges ago6iok gy dgBh babe brea wat ot rt sting toplay played Played Playing Bobybodegrgeo gemgdo THE SIMPLE TENSES Foyer gaGighstreae gro se The Present Simple Tense Fi aalighstogatgaze ster galeibgagh olin sk, daroocs Bosom beats, yragsemeg 390 usually goby busy FagcaBting agQndgboe The earth goes round the su Aan speaks English — 60. Hedrinks alot ob ght. Up LaFsBo, GoakegBog BoeersseaPess a, 5, 56 sh Joti, Pbengerner Gocyhy@e gHoOae> bagradb Ste goes to school ab yr Tom watches TV — Ann washes here Bs doldo not ws iseghs doedoes not h- n does ohdseighs obseoe5- Fs s bagged. ‘She goes to schaol— ol soe Wye Does he go to school? igor ob gs?ngobos I oe Ragas “ee. By ‘Se dos not got schoot~ ob 6 5 iP, ees Boserse 2b, énghae ‘She aries a bag ols of sos Docs she cary a bag? Boal She docs not arya bag Asbo ah fab 3 Yob Feb Wirgafco, Il an Bo, BB. Gaby sgt He cbeys his mother ob gird aldo not gkaoei aks ob x sh og: Wel pay tennis sFgbstegegse seta sualy—Fgegngy sometimes oraxar bobimaboke oiten by seldom always very day/monthineek/sear—yoane2 sxpeotath ala santolFosct lay canis? Wel donot Tusually getup early ~2y faaengbing ose aso |doetoen go tthe country 2 Wnts 96 gong ogy 1 you shay wear lates? hoegsecgh imagem Sori? Aiemaie | — Tropes [aeyrowaatp_|sesiey rk ep serine at ein ep ear ert ep Sade werk oy seca on = don't does no docs je go8ghoteatgne we PLANK GDS se attghoot The min eaves a6 —Asgneghgseo gor 6 Theprogramme sans a7 anaes fishs 7 ‘What time docs the film bein? iy ey A onan " mea boeata dol Soot ahgtotal, bya be y bossa Tab. ig Dooprbodh sésb gengensb i FoSbyma gobiqhodegsgeeo reer ‘The Past Simple Tense Tosbgeeo aafgloticatgser ein godubagogl why dog Agugib. gery Bobas Forge ool Fab ss Ao Fgh. Fal i fae ed se i worked yesterday 89 3266 go ogg I played tons lst wesk Fi gosh ont As, sbafalngho Ago Yosbigee set Foti fente wrote, begin egan, gat got ‘She went tothe shop ab Fagus sg ee eh Allway She WieTobave— 22Gb Famiigeen gowtRs oto Had yygene does [isterronstive [Negative 12 oghg%. yookyre see igh afotitogdb aid play? Tad not pay i ot ese fide play? hed not play did she play? | she didnot play Youhsd dimer yet did we pay? | wedid not play Did you have dinner yesterday id you play? | you didnot play You id not have diner yesterday did they play? —_| they didnot play Feige paiglobegtion wfinbosé ekiadgde Faslyece “Afirmative[Tnterrogative | Negative Iinnb gadnthogggmeo Wrigegbo seo web poagdng A Twrote Ga Lwrite? | Faid wot write elgg hhe wrote ane write? |e dna write she wrote id she write? | she didnot write estoovnggl gots Fases | we wrote did we write? | we didnot write . or Inthe past Foe tgsea, 4 you wrote did youwrite? | you dd not write | they wrote | did they write? | they didnot write er 5 Did you work yserday? 6 oy ‘The Future Simple Tense 1g not work yeserday Didthey write exercises? ‘Thay didnot write exercises Trgbo 6 wo yn HH obAGGBS Boogoena Brags sete oft bot Sabo x Tobe yobs Yao oAbge90 geo. . ane ‘Aiimative —[iaterrogative [Negative Twas was Treas ni wa sesyerg0o IgAY gone shall Kijn sPoedengh heithett was | was heshott?|hesheft was not wasn they were swore they? | they mere motithey weren hosheit wile" | wil heishelt? heshet wil oon" we shallve'l | shall we ‘we shall nou we shan‘ you wilyou'll | willyou?——_ you wllnatyou won't tthe birthday party. ‘They were hungry ane | Wennay kenge they withey"_| wil they? _ hey will nothey monte [yas nt atthe birthday party. They were hung. Tstal phone you tomorow ~ Ryne ogg 16sal be 25 next year Aodogose et 25 Gagob goad? He wl some ono ob bose 89 They willbe athome oa bs Bn Poss ings bob Bog 20 1b, th phones gn. il answer ‘What woul you ike have? I'l have te, plese Did you wrt eter to Ann? Oh n, {forgot wit ther now 3.wll oboe Bae 65%9 isa nie day. think Tal gout Tazbogho seegs agen’ "Tate dx thik wpa tani magne 6 2geine a6cbe gomdsdn don't think twill stow tomorow oo Agron basen ome aoa She thinks hey won't getmared—ob gifnBt, nd abot oA Johto T onde! wim will bappen —Bobiitskla Ho Herbie. I soppose thy al tar -29 qe poe «gb photo wlan, 0, oes EEE She will pas he exam = ityou don't sud bard, you won't pate te exam pg yA Ayn gh fosdatgh gr Aesesb Staak shatter wen or gol ge6b oR Gonkgl anasto A He wor'tpay~ob ob sfbeQh 9 “The door wont open = yo6o oo The car wontsare-Babgots 08 ore 6. bogota go> gente wil bs Shall obdoogee adabse Joogon Fo Stall open he window? gogo ols? Where snl we po forouroldays thi year? toveFagnae Caen nies ital ‘What sal 1 da? — 65 ga ‘What time shall we meet? -6dger sow Bggharae What shal give hi for hisbiray?— es ggg Bob 0d ob ssa Wot sal atthe pany BoBsgomen Fosbysedo gobighsdegegero seem. "The Future in the Past Simple Tense — 45 Boggs VarameaPsba? ger Boggs, erigeot AgbshyP seodsMo oye Toler Foe thauld sen would secon Sagoo. 1 396, gs 84. eosin. Would ses Aimatve Trieogative | Negative Til ee bela we? re yoeweultwerk —[weuldyeewenk? | yorweld x wik Kite wold ak | wold sb week? | Bebe wel no wat Eqwauwark [wold work | ay woud werk Tos at ecu inh wok 000 gon God bso ae a. sid hate would Visits B36 eyo, nd agabda ghee sgootgo To be going to Tobe goingio abdosighs Fo6sbVoe moaagoegn Brsegial Tam going wo buy acar— 8 She is going tobe a dactor~ob Dash Bgaerd4gh 02. To be gaing te ohdbsighs, ngs Bobondeg sees FPaoR— oa Fol aes sgreegieaen Beep ‘Ob, dea! [shin he's pong jump, dppb! 8g @yrGo ob eracegeta ox Look atthe sky W's going rain ook ot! You are going ofall Cosh Fantab statg@b. to (oer oo (waslwere going to) gerd Biyesdoh, Geidgeny, FoMbgeee ies Bodbesecy, ‘We were going o hve spon bat it rane al day fg 9 Ingo Byes, Regd Ber Tondo "He was going to many, but he changed his mind ~ ob sdo6gbs xodwtRobpbol Bogead goood Will go to be going to. WII obasighs &s 6, ys gesdociayh BndHGn gov aMuando Ssnigh goggmgtol, brig tobe golug to > 339) peFonatenes af gba There i somebody athe door. go and open it astgdo6. Topose so pomp ‘Which shin do you want ll uke the Bue one, please — edge databgn 2bgdoqo? ~ serach oqo Thave bought bricks and T am going to build garage —8y gosta satya se cet h yori geghal "Tomorrow is Bob's birthday. ~O really? Yes, lam going to give hima bicycle -T' bay hima watch hen —bgoxe Bede do~APab 2. ~ Asti? ~ senshi godess antago agenin de. 006 Oy Use gpg. Will~ sgegerag abdosghs TyBeae YooanaBes6: expect, ope, bie, Pm sur, think, 'm aad probably sw 9 Tl probably bay the dress = Ipndgegds gh yds eye ga6gGdmBoo0 secngdo IVE (continuous) TENSES: THE PROGR! SFO g6esedon e60 “The Present Progresve continuous) Tense rapt cigs ong she “irate Rais a Co rene heen ping? | tert nt paying Rseraeee™ [owreremeyt' [ssecieaparke Eaeuneee: i[memvore? lreoscuete! ihe are plning | ae they pig? | hey we no pin am=1'm Tam ot = Pm yousre= you're Yyouare not = you're not; you aren't the t= she's fhe is not = she's nthe st heis=he's hee mot= he's not hen they are= they're they are not = they're not hey aren't Lam writing now — ay sbses af. ) arg Wo Sraragbo &, dng-ab wsBlhBabab Bt Deas ec Bingabo ~ «Bg. argue arguing; ate ating: take —ahing ate age ageing: dye dyeing inge—sngsng 3) oy Wy Brees. yo Inyery, nga. berger osbhiogabo 6g sihit-hiting; ran—rumning; sop stoping 3) 09 ibs doseragegts H¥g so Bob Fob Bn, Be vss 95085 a bgsion, travel traveling, signa ~ signalling 2) ony Bio yohg Boggergegts soapy Insigodns ‘arly carving: enjoy enjoying: hur ~ burying ptidndone sete abddfghs, dogs Anfegeads beads etnel goMagaEe Bs gtaeIn. 96 ool oR Lopdtol Beige bebmat dg Tim reading an interesting book - 95 gyooigexed boofghghn Voabt. (hy 36 qyperbgsend. loyRenl IodyhG In, BPI 10 FeoGol gerhys we XGA of oBinogtgios) ieaming English iy ghYogsoodobgeoly6t. fin pabgeharbinn se@rnbant abghs: now sbses day sexe at the moment = obs: tonight ~ dogo at present «| ala nowadays sehascgnom this week i) goth, this evening 3 boxe 1s Tom working tis week? — yo y/o of gga 3 faye jr abot, ding Bae ghar aoa ahh feilger; 38 gto o bepBo. Ab "The prices are going up —gbgbo elog The population sing very fas Sinbgets Ages Ug apigent Dake asfighdodoow sein abi, TobesFaB sesqgar loge, Hyon ilnse BgegBsbona so Qstobajogh deogese Timimeting Anntodty 95 ofa shgearo sexa ‘Are you doing anything tomorrow evening? ~ byore toestob fs tid 06 gyn? (sty Ws a anda eoggotsen bgoey Uogatlohogi) ‘My mim is coming tomorow Nick going to London ino dys 3) oR gafghbon seins sees gee Boneh Toyo 0 eae Bog igh always 36366, Gegs dng gatlrbogogh ‘You're always complaining She'salay losing he things Sega agrees BA oA set 06 htt Te, love, hate, wast, need, prefer, know, raise, suppose, mean, understand, believe, remember beng contin cms depend, see, recogalz, mind, wish, aree, ee Twat to 56 you osbgsh, Bs VIRRo, Gothen. gaKigsdd Bg yo Fak Dab. Doyouundestand what mean? gorgg dsb gaged? Do youteleve me? gygo Fgh? Doyounindifteone? Puen bi ts hi, ei ge? k-—ohsegho gaysonon meierBe eggs omg AM petals, Homeosty 35 Ts thinking of going abroad rf Uobieasegstigor Polgeeotg ofr. ‘What are you thinking abou? — by gyn? ous gril SVB gown think x4 aie gofgt Thick he sight — &y gays ob Aogimozens ‘What do you think wll appen? = yo hon 6s Beg ‘What do you think of Tom? 6 tes Ty? belong ome, own, posters oboe goby How much owe you «rg have ais gnrhogngh Irion sen A, ‘Se as oso havea nice at asyeed oy 06 aslobagogh Ae gn Bi ane, have ise 10 sen. Ao She'shaving breast now ~ ol abe ied We'rehaving great time —seuegige eb goo gb Frmbavinga shower now ay sbuzs Shoah soe‘They're having pry this evening — dab aso Ieel~ gents, crys gh Wis gadlrbopoab afi gos, AS 96 4 “oe ‘Boyou feel the hose shaking? bed, 6) Lobe Tieltd moar gets Gorge ssecabol, 3606 pgs Bo fee obsaghs paket Ton d you fel? = How are you festing?- eg 2 [sim fesing ber reer singh see, hear, sel fante—9 abibegae Qaeda Ae? Teansee you iy abaeng 6 Canyou hear me phob e? Thecoffestasesbiter~yoqsl OV 2h The tom sais 09 orabe. yn tee tyehegBe pbtbtinn gain eB, Roy Ba Tr scing the dtr tomorow — hao Toms seeing Am Gro byeg’ sole Faaegena gabgsdmBooro so6er ‘The Past Progressive (continuous) Tense > seberea Semen feemtin Todtgare alefntoon mint eens ofocogbb tw be Vals Foe a i WO bonchy ob aeatabse, ngs dees oeiggss Treas walking when met Nick- babs dagorsen, Ging 6 ohare She was working from 910 6~ob 93936 Gey Ay Topped my wallet wile Iwas shopping ergs bose) ama, bora setycego "Tis ime last year Twas lying onthe each - ‘ob [twasraining the whole day yesterday — ph Bg seg Vg AS yesterday Iwas paying -y3786 Story @y gods Bnd BrBogoeo gaSgidnBom seer The Future Progessive Tense aalghintona sein galinbogugb Berdgagtsb. 6 Tomorrow from 906 wil be working —By hoe Sh 62 soy deaa What will you be dong st tomorow eis gasyamng® bape 7 ‘Thistine next year willbe staying University —eogoee Tyee a eénk -soonaeibng6%n gol ‘This time tomorrow Tl be slesping bose 8 sels Aigo Will you be — ing ..? — nkovighn, ong goblgh gopimbgbou ooaeh aaatadog 96 org agobies en BygBonols Soa gostamps gibom qeibgsboab be of gangtzon? egbo oe Will you be using your cr tis evening? I want to borow i? ~ 8 togsdi Boob bed oe ghotingba? Dok erbrggds Bobet Bodgomeo Posbysedo gabgrdmdone ster ‘The Future Progessive in the Past Boiagogen Fog asda obge aosinegbonie gh seo wa ate at sb se6 ffi tobe wodioety — So Lageeegbgsen Bab sf yn BrderBob ys: Bop tol bin tha should be working at’ o'elock 3g gorbaro 3a Gh 8g $ enrg grease. "Thy sui tt they would he ying onthe beach his ime nex year. — ta Gd Beagose Faseb ol eG dogg oT gsMREE. wo == reading Lergge0 secingdo The Perfect Tenses Fy Vergo secon The Present Perfect Tense Figo Verge sein oF to Rave HS pe. gootigor ye sForsnghl have Ms, os oon berating ‘youll a te ea past partie ed 86 AE 7 [Nene Thave worked Thave nt worked younaveworked | Baveyouwerked? youve nt worked Tretia worked | fas hese lt worked? betcha ot worked Trehaveworked | tavewe mocked? welave not worked | gave not worked Joatavemered | have youworked? ey have worked _| have day worked? Fyn Wegaee sede gsByy 65 Use o Preset erfet Tense Faye barge 1) orks ges Biol Fob She a ast come ino the room ~ gb pe. “Don forget to invite Ann"“'ve just invited er." 4 seogagn= rl sist edagoggbe. 89 Vase sb seg ol ‘She bas not ished talking os the phooe yet alr x96 of ans GoseaRI. bode 2) eerdgerag dees Foe gs20 5 patntogogh slige Snuff obgby>. a, ts ership spf 9 oto Boney ‘She has visited many counties ob 8ag6 Jo He has passed the et ~As6 yn fos 10 Voslinsse Ondeghaaedy Sabres, Ms Peatya He ha sce his fim three times—s6 gh yo bgt Bho. Tyee to Pais twice ~ 8) Josw'blo mex gmsPa 4) oly Shy @endgen sone F nc hse Petr has lve in London fr S years 6 Peters tive in London giro § Foecon 200 Feeagob ghagsndl ene ieyasto we oh She hes boon inthe amy fortwo years—ab 6 Feros 06. pers oj 260) Fan bere 1 today/this mringthiserenngthis weekithis months yeuHave you seon Bob toy? aaegh Boo of yobshogh? 2) han god fghn. Is the Hirstsecondls tne - Dog ealiptanttccok oii horea 1's the first time ve ever been abroad — ogg. Ses the ist time e's had a ear 96 He has never had a car before Rob aoggecondyogl abs 96 Bab aol Typos Soba 6 36 hoe ed Thins the worst fil I've ever seen ~g 4 ‘arom, og, yo eghly Mabaghs te bea book Teverread gh lagugmalen Pago, elgncod 8g euily Yoogombogh He's the happiest man I've ever met — Pom mies Be ataeton: 4) he, io bg 80°6 eptonow—seaixg ofsbee yet af 96, auc rcentlyfatey dose ery already ys ast egos for ~ go6ogserds a. since ogsting. Bob Bans tofar-ofsdey How long. si always gong to yao case aagseshy, Ayeingal seco fo ago He hasn't ben well lately Bogen sein oh gg sen ered Shehas just inishod eating ob gles» dis 3s Haveyoueverbeenaread?~ eel iprnato Istag Ihre never diven scary atolemmghe Bngotighon Babjobs He wl al you ar soon a he hs ished his homework ol see nosis Fingent Jo loom weogosegBsb Mii Wehave wated all Jay ~ done satg> sos Hehas lived hereall his feo nggeo wsgebn gherggis od How lng have youbeen bere? thao sos of tio? ve matacen you forages —tosygfigs 34 Basho We have knoven each other since cildhood shinies Aeggnogat 0 haven tage him snce November oshogt Tye wom glasses fos years—3 Fgseos hoorpsengBl gro ob Geng already yay: nbdeg My yet gua 6 os 0 Vobomsnanb ie soo Fobioiego aoeghs yrorhgoos ses SPIO We have steady met. Has se come yet? 99 He has not decided what to do yet 6 goog Fe has pone to Lindon — ob Fogeses sea. an phe Bab 9296 96 goseTsa909 SFAyr gene seo FaGligeeo gafighsbaytgeo seen Present Perfect and Past Simple 1D a aH oF Mager erinb, Fins Fosihgee Beka. See He 4A Kb Rewce nseer r Toate nob tagger ested. ago, how long ago, the, just ow, om Monday, two hours! month ago in 1985 ven a8 chills sumer sha been to China — ob He went o Chin bogh 7 a sigan Fasel ey FogDi you se Ann yestenay? 2) af ghssen oF Wg se 9 Bree Finge Ral oll Fostiger gabgbs betas see oa micah 3 aiAEG Goge mogl Thad 3 cups of cofee yesterday ~ 9 ghd Fos ‘veh 3 cup of cofe today sng. (36 eae ‘Tee learned English for 2 years sWYogeneiabeases gbFogen08) eared English or 2 years = rin ghVogncertaen, (ohio ‘gyonbggien When..? mbat ine. 5g: sen ‘When dd she win er ist Osea? — ‘She won her first Osea in 2000-236 anogoho dofggaee eh What ime did they ave? — egg se They rived at inthe even asbhegtaee How long have you worked hee? ow lng did you work here? Beg ‘agdhaodits 2g Shakespeare weal many plays Vat ‘She has writen many stores —a66 age Tlerbaaqs3e Hagh Balstbeysigee eo. o1gg6 dfn sigh, Yee Byres Borba 009 seats Tens seo ging. ye sblseeiier sFg be ‘sel % > mtrol tno ghd Vigan soe 836. Dogg nao 6? a born 1a oti lige tats toy rag og? Dogs se vane oe > mye oe shoal Fosbymro Leigero seer The Past Perfect Tense 1D Fasigees ligero stim gadeiboogh ob BngeaBots GeBizeng, Fob BVA ndkgeossgy Vosges Boyes ‘go ofotidngts had+past partciple [Vind waa onc oc Se ee ‘When he came home he fund th he ad packed the suitcase and fee fino ol aber seobAigfigs, Gobo Gi ob flgrobo fageesagiobs 0 Figg. (ge. bere seer wokge). roars Whea I entered the kitchen he ws eating — 63s fy boty se gga ob She ‘Wheat etred th kite heh sen hs meal ~ fg Ii Beet Besar 8 8s eadooah eae A Ab odds. (gn. ye yy i ‘She sw crply sles and cups and realize that tree people had tren n th room — sb gestshs (t righ ie fobs find dh Vorlise bee 1%, uni by the tne, ever meet, already by, ye Tom had gone othe shop before he went home - sb Tos went home fer he cd gone othe shop. Before Tom weat hare, be a gone to the shop. Aer Ton hd gone othe shop, he went home, ‘When he had sen the car he doce to buy it He refed to go ill ead scen ll the pictues —1s6 oto ny sd i)os a komen Vo ‘When rin ad stopped we wen! ot ens Fas Tao fg Bodogomo PosbymBo bégeo wen agen oe ‘The Future Perfect in the Past 2) Noses bg Forge Bo beraewo 16 oe cepteaes WoOgiet Grntgesensns Sgesee9 ad ivedin Lop beforeemovedto America ob bogie igo bab gags 56g ob Bodogoaeo Poet cabana Bsa BeBogomno Léryseo seer The Future Perec Teme eee in sai See eaeee™ Sa) poiees (ms [omisi 90 ofadghs have eatbe ib Aeiogoeeo gbgbs Tg Ser eémels go topasegegmee Vols Gali Beiegnion, ‘She said, tht she woud have finished er wok by So‘lock- 6 bias 6 bsdjAce 5 Vasant SFO Leigeeo goSgcdnBoo Ke ‘The Present Perfeet Progressive (continuous) Tense ~ 5 oe aaa by that ine — gil, before ASG, sft eave SSO month and started Janay. Soby the end a the yea 1 will ave saved $60, fp sagen 50 sega 3S) 30 = oarytion. sly dni Fagab Sex Hyligdo gowsseb ye 5 600 jor 9 obs gon Be Twill have finshed work by S o'clock tomorrow ~ bgoae § Isomakeng bsgiher sestinoghgaigene Angas. ‘By 2067 I wil hve finshed the University -2007 Yevengos ralrogtgBgsce seg Beggebog 6 oktoighs How long How lng hast ben ining? 6:20 babi Vy? 2thas ben ining for3 hours — bd reoagn 3 bso Fob wo abe sues Tre ben living in thi at for 20 yersince 1988. Leer et ghdG rn po Seen eae twas now six and he was red because he had been working since regis taney ot ueierars ay ‘Bob gave up smoking a ear ago. He nd been smoking for20 yeas rts soaks BoFagsh ogo, ob 20 Tyee0 azn Poatigene bergen a 8 abtaos be fore, since for, after by, Vt just, yet, already, ever, never by ime, when et. e's very red. He's been studying ery hard ogo agen Wis cheks ar fe, He's ben running Wiig Hike, elev, know ossliegh abies V ow fog have you known hin? — 6 Te aways liked working bere — ayant BeBogoseo FoGbgee Bo begga gobgrdordon Inge basi, fog Bb ocd ecmpl tenes off ree ol eonstch Bess bees as + would have beent ing Fost geo Uigana gabistidmdonn sete my s ‘The Past Perfect Continuous Tense Fostigenn bergen 6 Prem’ segeeng gegsesegFom» no Faegacod eesenseg. Aoysde mye oF beoet-ing esi hat by 2007 he would have been working hee for 5 yeas D6 ondgs. ed 2007 Faaboargol yang od 3 Paced bss ppiatone. Tavs [rage : pecs [Sistme [Sveneness He had been ving in London for 20 years, before he moved to Amer L oegbgdom0 gato alaeatige 6 a i — Sones pares =o SESS sgh daahegdstob Boyt. they toet | hy eet hen Beno apnichSnogecepulalabtate ain Saad aisha insta iim: ine Pree Spe Pas CMa si SFtiye asSighstoxgtgaen pghano oforiingte wbe eAkisng MME Gols heaRgse secre ‘abl. sige. ga8ighs Ware seal 20 participle To Aotell Sol gore sgh ages sR gn Aime i 6 Tita beta Til nt eld 7 you wiltetla |p be at [Alirmative ————[Tnerogative [Negative eta wi beta et wil aed orate | Seyeutala? | youare not tld ey wie silty etal? | Deywitet ede | ieee sto ‘Shes la? else ina tld ee = J earetold femetold?—wearenat tld They will send youn invitation Uy are telhey tld? | Uy are mo tld ‘You wl be Sent an invitation 6 An invitation wl eset you. Sie wits eters, ———— Letters ae writen by he. Teo0k dimer. Dinners cooked by me BoBogoaeo Pasibyeede gabghsrbegtgero gBgboro ‘The Future Simplein-the-past Passive shedono ggstob Fasbyseo gsbighsdeatgere seer ioiogosen Voriigsen gafighstarqaen gyro Key “Ths Past asia Peacve tobe wsBhioeg| aol. Future simpl-insthe-past eme-by 420 priciple o. shone agndok Fastgee gab gaen et a s tw ell ol segs Fae sinplesin the pst passive Ang whe edo Vo Poabgeen gahghoIneygsze set rice I 96The bw eo rd - Yael peo SLSye'es peels ar shaban good bergen ceo “The Perfect Passive Tenses ABadooo pgotob sFayr WergeLe see “The Present Perfect Passive Myer bergen goo go rjhs to be eh a Fe eerie partipe to tell Wt ees Spuesonea Mnecyiconain _|Serome nbn hy ge gighone ‘She has found the keys. — Te keys have bee fou by be, We have bough a new oar=A new ea has Been Bought by Ws Baboon ggvGob Fosbymo béryeo eho {The Past Perfect Passive 9 otis 10 bese Parti I ayn a? | had ld ‘The police ad arrested the rober ‘The ober ha ben arested hy the pice sfadono agotiab Bodsgsmo beige se The Future Perfect Passive Bosgoaen teen gghamn Bg: ato be assy a Teegeze eetemibs se parcple Hom He wl have repaie theca by omar The car will have been repaied by tomorow by bitas80m0 ggstob AnBgomo Fosbneo bégeo R60 “The Future Perfet-in-the-past Passive oe Fat luegege afatone apne ofan tobe golly Wo Future -the-Pastols se» parciple Hoo Tortell Wols argo Future Perfect-in-the-Past Passive, Anihed bos The leer have seeady top been pated ~ Veo ‘ip 1g ao hoaigh before she came 9 ant scares Sine e, have ult this Thi bln wil hve baling by 2007 i han bal by 2007 Bape 20 seg 2007 osha Facet ‘She tid that she would have | She sl that hs work treed have been Mashed | Bymext ear 3b fs 10 pebgtdndomo seringdo gbg800 ggotBo The Continuous Passive Tenses aBadoore agotob oFyer gabigtdndomo sin “The Present Continuous Passive ‘oFaoghs tobe ete Fgfhdndene ecb > participle l-on ie af anne of Tae Te sremebngaia? | were ng md __|tret ig wed? _ arent bong me ‘Shes writing aleter. — A leer is being writen by her “Mun soning my shirts —My shits are being one by mam, sBpBomo agrdob Fasbyseo gsbghdndono seer The Past Continuous Passive Feige aalgtibetonn gigieo agen ofaAligde tw be tkaeeg Babel Forbgsee gobysdndonn seine wo pete Es fe mk Viol gewepbs Folge ghytindon g6pio avon | erected |werevertie tet? | poset big nd Rt waning etd | st bc ga | Rta erat ged everekangaisd "werent ma? | wera tng aa Salm bang’ [weet ime? _| hey rented He was showing us the way. We were being shown the way. ‘She nas painting the picture. ——The picture was ein pine voThey are pang ie Wd = |The bie Bag reper — sie | fee oe fain pant, Gos Se nash Sak doitgeatob TyBldigsestgae Int 96 bor This nile was writen by Tam gb jagys Gal sess 2 a FobegPapegBe a6pBom agoioss WoSbtea bone wa 1. Duty pid tis ptr. mi 4. She looked afer the children well The chien were wel loked fice Berggoseerytio 3Gg30 MODAL VERBS Agosto "Ag: ean, may, man, ought need, should ENF MGB Bayeengsb WDgBbing, i 3) Sg eam eo may-b ofgo ofr seo Foigsen gpg, teogger gh — ms, net — agen AbenscgeoF Int gto RSL sh Rated he n08 oFaengb96 got one. og go ofrgbneo reg 1) Can peeps Can —doeose6 i eee ignete am speak English Cam you ride a bicycle? neal Goeighs? 103Can —Bogocey6n Vio obinsigho egy Mghoske see, hear, smell Tease the sky 23 ghia sb Tean smell something buming Af j60b byB saan Can you hear anything? ago sd? autos Iphokegbacndsh Fosibger see gatlakapagyl can doguaxyto Wieab FoAlgizo setrool yrs ~ Could. could swim when Twas si iy glace cgabye Gog 6 Rexel geisgn He could play the piano tthe age of te — Asks age 3os6or fookg woyge 3 Fagolsboyo bintoen yoeas —— Friar we ‘cannot L ot ee, ee Boag 59 Borkaeibgbs Tear come — 356 egos (396 agseg® derhges) She ean se without glasses “ob toopneeob, 3065) 29% bye noah He ca'thear very well sh jstgowe 96 i She couldnt go because be wis l= 206 Fabgaes ah) Ape Bomta6 ogre og cams Agbodeeghegrn, goer (posi) Lighming can be dangerous seg Ayo He canbe there now = ob Bgaleegio shes of eg IF rains we can bold the pry indoors ar ofS, yg Bes Vaszeraio bohexo Bron fir. Selves in Paris, bt she speaks wih German scent. She can't be French she mustbe German ib as¢Vo hngsinbly bgn® ag Die sfaahiiom sesdssayndh, ob Aggheghgen ish Can't jogo Bok, sages (Ce't yu dive srg? — 2 Can't you be quiet ~ Fyoeiog sso gsdbapogh tayo imateh Gute 96 Uygedicr? 36s ot Bago?Can (ghia) ~ egos gn sone m aaiome ta30 Tm sory, ou cant smoke inthe hospital fighy4 go bas eigen’ Boggs syéosez ines br gabotabogg Can you open the door, plese? — og) sy? These days, goods canbe sent all ver the world — sess hegeaaes pao BOE NY bergen, ant teeonegtin VG yPiggs, Tyehege Tapscderte nt igbegg am stato nye os Hiscant be wring mw" pscgeto ol abso Cant helper? on sees ogg bintoa eat ee Ubguior gost Cara Can — Be able to gh Legge seen). They can' have elena he fod —obabo gf Mase By Can aol abyss beable fo — ghar. oat oa aera He dat know Engl, so he an hve understood what Ia ean aa bab? olin hy Sed ye BN ‘ou orm My fathers over 80, but he stil able to drive a cr he ean il ash (Permission), ahhh thie) Asstt wonbdons ager Aggie osiak, Agel Bob Igy Lean eave By ynkrns Gabgers (pm Babs eon). Devos Aokjntos argh You can park here gh Aygeheos of ony Babbin. ‘Are you able 0 can you type? ~ yoo Ba wel. twbeableto-h sasaean afb ating yey — anableto iho 9 Bog By Cant pay bycheqeeT- Hgrieapis Ragee georgoteng Tf the bad weather conimies, the climber wl be unable reach the be ofthe mountain oy igen (Cant moke in here? — 2 0 gegFdgergin. Boal Could ofp setts obrighs nagatotio ener ga 9 ph ont Gyghy boxe Wai HATED dagatoee Gender gies Salted bol 96s dal oigaingge. sje gion be Could smoke in he? ~ genio of rg sobs Bovonbngls TpfoTyBs: Could Fosse sete 34) obaseghs ong on T would ike to be able to aford a new ear ~ sobyeaghien, Git gab gaimbsbspgore : igh (cannot) ohseBs o,phdogegolsb Sng ion, Gseningos could se might Tyeeghy Visitors cant fish onthe side of theiver Ansty ago ieee beanie ‘Why don’ you ak to the scretary? She might be able help you 106 706 sou? 866 pe isi poset pen Twrggia6 could cab 96 bine setae ‘ghol Tyee, Tey beng able to take a swim every moming 2 sragee woseom crash ashyshe. vil beable 2 Itt get. job in Lanon 1 il be able to visit you every week - oy apie ase ash age 1 of can) WG abe of eos Srilggebog gsiberbor 0 goeeyhOR 6 ys, Ae ghosnen being able to od gabgihdndoe se) pabl 6 Tm so angry with hin. 1 could kil him obgane godine ago ght shall Aerfigegiol 20 aalbogeate 1) alge Fosbie Hees, degen, Bp riygotinge se0 96 debs. Teoul have lent you the money. Why di’ youask me? 2 1 Igor ggeeh gbbgha. 6x08 36 tober? 2) alge fedigetoh, Bewlgeneg 96 gogom Bees org 360. The money hs disappear! Who could have taken i Tom cou have (ken se was lone yesterday — gree gjss! gob Igy ores? — geil ob Basi og igs [He was able to send the meseage a6 gaoghoghs Ings He could have seta mesage sls Jgghexer Byoyero6 > 309° aihogio 06 26h gonabogho ab 4 gag gangs on 349) 3 Faas, tagggegeh «8 Begeaiob Aston, og, 26 Bob 9 Folin You ould have told me yggherer ami gts Gd sxofigete gvlegn tog Boob, one. ‘Our tay wil beable to walk na Few weoks | lene goto Ipleegdh Loose “Wiig begae nernsb kash be able to. havebas been ‘Unoranately, be hasnt been able to walk sine his accident ~ bs Vabsdin, agotionb yea ob ggeo6 wore. ost merle gisegbh pederayjogh ould ses wasinere ableto. ‘When Iwas youn coulda ale oi any tein the forest — ile Gobdogs Haba Ska forge sboseags nes grasa yg He rea the message but he coudn'vwas' able to understand it~ ast Yonyomibe Anpypatighs, Angell 36 gon Inmet scam yoy gh gniihgsgiiges be able to gBoboGogb eye ayaa, ysbcgere Be iggy eld o> Was able o- in "ihe clever young dato ould eae many esses ~ sh nok al. Igyieen agen sesogseababnobyyAEDh™.C Boatsd, Iyrduepdo 9643 obj gH) "Ihe lever young doctor was able to cure the queen's illness —sbse- aston, Aggie gbiBlo Iyer segerapeerh g6F OBES (63) ype ses 3969669 Joa) May este toa bad en be r Ree SuiCtacrnspeperomctenscetnete [my |i [Seopa [ey 10sMay ais gstebyogt iosiogst. Permission May lus your phone? Yes, youmy —gmlaegho nfo bon gobséagbene? — gosh, Syed gBs May leave now? No, yourmay not-"Igodeagh shea Fogeg ofa of ggodeenoer (EgBa ote sada Toggoaseinyn ofgeeolio BaBgbVoseaw Gporignb > anbsbopagseabbodghs Can ~ Bngogetn» WO, May ~ v6 ricci pao laa: eg Tesi seid Bhs x0 syn Might. He old me hat might use is phone —BS6 do oben, Bs araneson Iybotagiens ‘They might leave When they wished — As 3pgAserey ob tongs Booby agbab6. (pbobogo Agobuo0) May jlnbogogh sagdoowrds sFByis mo AeBsgone sein Might touble you fora minute? —godeegbo ge oa ser nblighs sAcegoseys Josenom FaSswsebyBos6 you invitod him be might come IG. tmayimight+ be + +-lag—gaFgsdo by mo tndogpex setri8e cazboonob grininbedsgon. emayimight be wang atthe staton ol’ Zgpieegbs sbaes bse p63 Gere He mayimight be waiting athe station when we arive~ ob gor 9 Leo aor FQ fg ogee “May/Might + have + partieple Il Maymight + aco gy Bs obgofingeqnts, gstmbspegh ohger BnPgeadsh. 6 Hestegerh ghgbs. ego asdobopals sal sxedsowrda, gigs He may/ight have le his wallet onthe bus ~ gods. Sob Doayaea sa0ndqbo who, T wonder wy Ans wasnt atthe party. - Se might ot have known Bout it vsobpgigbrm, 06> sage 94 oye Varaeateta? Biyedcegds 856 06 ageneo sdb ybshgh Might have + participle I gsdbsogh Fagot, yah, Duisyenisegdoh Portree wna John might have lent yousome moze be'ssorich— yl gle nb garage a ghgbhgBots, ob dgpash gosto Might + have-+ participle Ml oidsaiss I goal Beaarahates. we bad taken the ther oad we might have amived erier— Us eon ed Koger Rgmbes yee og Inge May ‘nisin gnesqeenb goblserajqonn tbe allowed. evn, oslo wasinere allowed, igs wil alowed. Tamallowed o gobome -y Thad visa so | was allowed ross the Froatier 2s Jo 1s gsdenbopnle May—ob Foe ae Where's James? Why is be late? 1 dn'tknow: He maybe. bop ofl iB? Fag ag goabgBU? — oth 9 aicate oa ofl may rain tomorow, but hope it wll be sunny gti ages gwen An, hy ofA. ‘She may/tnight know Nis address ~ Dyno 906 oe Might Uogeodofnge ogeroliBe abfatghs oF Aeihgorce Brzegiel steshadogoe. Might Bobo 1) sexton Joe might pass is exams 0 Tags Ksoéinh ase esas hae Se might bea bt more palit Asb Bee yer FoSoseg’sBe gatmbagogl emg Might eves gl of waee?—"AghizgBe fn ag os 6 wheal mseo, ob do, tahiti gasesuaamal Boéings Bebe ‘We wil be allowed leave the county Fag dol se gist senqgtnogg lowed Bo obibsine bigs serbonss goto Since his accident he has’ oon allowed to drive oh We sea. sb gs 9 se os Could / May / Might might Boas Could be ydeagds gobo ms ines seen “TL wonder where Tom is? pio bow fol ab Tpodeeghs Babee Me mayimighicoud sil bew foeabus-Voabggbins tage 34 sos Bow fo abgzog, agQmighh gexenegb Do you think the plan wil beanie? could bedlayedby fog 6njM6 9403. figs? — 96 gnom. Byndeaghs babe gob Byoqao%be; Tie maymighouk! Mave beard it fom Jack ~ hy Tegoun Fobomostgtse Iywisegds gehen Cs eT Might. MighiCould be waiting forusat the station? dengent abeeo ob yedees aang Soe 76? “posgy Gsgoep'hn Cau go» May/Might ondoenegin g08bhgean He mayiniht nate diving the cr hms ie could ot be diving he crs ab fobs ‘Youmishtnothave et my grnknother-aegBo gas 306! He maymightoul bei the bar om Doves Bees oy, tg 6d as sige T you hese i eeogey60 om soa: 1D sonesePaseob, Bodog beso nlsy? | make sch oie? (3629) 8630 ss ae il sg ve before midnight? sesame You could not have met my grandmother. Shedd before you were rakes Tybggecien Senile ob ‘Se might ot have son you ‘She was too faraway. s she couldnt hve seen you ea hot ob dogeosb BSI gab bse) us‘You must do ase you~ 396 ob. Bes Baja ergo, a ot wrk at 9 tect My aes (oe fog tala 9 sob E ani thay vies cme Denote thank sammie Om — res gon. ssesdeotnn, sygereaPacon.IEE° 9 a ya mst see ts fm, 1 very imeesting 296 9 al dbggnatankgighe igo Bake gh a gg " Sacenbob byes. Myyydob (O90 Iegpeens 509) 52 seats Do titjau ms —pasggng gh org agro. rg eaongaen0s) b are sega Tut phone wy parents fl Amie ae sh oosa ~ sparse ago Benfhgegdob Bas es Must do it row? — sqosenbagow ilo must pole iy "You mist dive 00 fst As6jobo Must- tol Br Feist se gostine FoObgee0 cranes yeBingerdons at, as Typoasegn’ goOkyade ya, Fosibgen en ase Sa RepPRNMBe goabodsgre ope Ighotinn gsBinbae Jot Igsbergece A Have to dit now— ay gh obsess sean ‘You have to work hard if you want opus the enn yf, dagen Aa she 0 329 te ood somo Googe hve ts have gt epiavol, assem ecg Docs have to go? ~Yes he does No, he dss't— gb Fogg 4-36 Popmahl, a otob omrseaiievn Have gotta? Yes, youae/No, you vent es fag 3, 6 sfak lode jo have 1a, ave otto — soho ezBayeb bgbob modoyeh, Wen 0 sol. sagmnenoons Pa sea. (oa godokopngh Armen ae pBinbadsab sia You don't hive doit now - 6 fo Isoser as o lssarats. lve o-b Bxlye io geil had to asemggs goin egolo so oxgmmepbseBol. gadebsbogagce body eee Wehad take a xi Fag6 Guftolsgsbs ergo "ran out of mone and had to bow from Tomy ase oe IPoawe seo obywegyeeo gringo SeMohga® gbghbgeere Bid you have to do hard work?~gobeponty My bBo bra?‘You will have to getup ealy do Boge yao shen sch ly eager dascaon Isao, énigeog intgghguron, keaton oe Om She always gets good marks. 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Shavedone psdnbogogh bases Nn a st T aoula'thave eaten so much 94 fies 935% sea oushoul'thave spoken io him 8 Ast yo soso se Yor Should yorbgow Voorn boooab asvartaaba Should s3¢awan Tyoiseahs basen Tay xeonng seopato’ j phases Tow sould Tknow —bsorab fies gna? OFA» eee strange — gn od —se6 Tow ted hve known? Longs is Arie? (Ws funny bling typed = gsr ye seo) ater imeretig bobo Ty should be eign? — ogee gomsaal serpeied josey, sunprsing—gotinytn Should. nbcigio Tyhegy bgbE: fnnoying—goderbostgayseo Suezest—"Byoog hates propane Toposhyhs recommend Io thatthe neighbours shoud objet ~ ose, 68 By ig int —eogigss demand —Aeebs Bilt she onenageltente T munded harsh should apoogse~3y Brganbongy 8 8 vas suprised ht she should ay sch thing 9) aso Arete Dogon ‘fog ie gedy> sb agen Fol han suggested at we shou ook for anther hotel — 8 1f. should oy 1 sould ri, bri yoy it tould ain ay he washing in og og, boiggbo A ung bogie Berg snes ra oslo Ube ‘Froud ghedodelinge oboe Ip “ingestion; proposal recommendation 29 > Vin do yu think about Tom's suggestion tht I should look fr abr Ga fe hs, dn Geo Dhgo sob ngs gesagt? Should aboagis yeas, geben obs ogy Itai sais Inbomhegh byte, sa Wit shoud Lagosengds, sggomgdennds Need Need sob Gobzaeow Arenetn mo Gohyytion bee Teoimpertan/ tal ecesar event hat {es cmeial tat you boul be ee 0 ine meso Ws, een sfasgbt ot WS sh ence Seteons bo so apeenqe ee 0 HT dopo Men» ng i qe wh menting bggpgit “V0 feo bdo tft its dena ayo be oreo meta yo se diy, ogra Urgent Ina Pseeboo éaghjde santinogh “e gyeJub eo. gombgom 30 Tse yey sfoengBh De/Do wot geile“. ee important that speak with him irumeditly ~ Abo ie Gos, 608 By aecihceons ab shes a 0Need dangers gsc yhigerinaio il ‘Affirmative ——[Tuerrogative | Negative Theed do Teed? don't need you need fo you need? don't need Iaevshe, needs | does she, he, Krneed? | she, doesn't need weneed Ao weneed? we don't need eyed | do they need? hey don't need Need dedi Howse reed need you? reed he, she, need we? feed they? you needn't Ihe, she tenet Need frmoesiytin Wis syn abt Aayegsioo Fal ogg ‘Need el Toms? bjt ggmbeis Ql ‘You neo’ py til the 3st af a¢kob toi 31h oes Need ?—Lojorion? opgmseabas <9 sporkgoh, ash ogee og tal Dalighn qeegergoore ego ‘Nec go mother wormage fie olgran? Tbdatboe Tpegbo befor Do nee? Do Ihave ta? Do Ihave go? —Yes, you d-No you don't, aye gotto go? — Yes, you havNo, you haven't Need go? Yes, you mtstNo you ned’. ‘We nea’ ary = We don't ned to hiry= We dont have to hur ath aba bots abjpeges "Needn'do not nes 10-96 96 bajo othe sear ngs Bobo byl ‘Must Igo now? No, you nest — shseogg igs Toone? — sf, 36 seb sf m2 reteagagh Forges lege serpy Bogen Honky Bees You ned’ have brought yur umbels for we ar going by at 96 err bogs dregel fod Andy, Fd ah AM6fsbon Argo 96m. Didn't nec tld have w — Tssiage wero gsetogsa Phy derFoearo', Srseod aogqngas 96 ay gone aREM ws Is aaehercoproe He dd’ ced wfhave to pay for bis study, because his uncle uid for It o6 cae dabngob bajo Wf 2 dod desde ago gow You needn't have writen such long esta The teacher only asked for 300 words and you have writen 600 oh ny joer thes ob wofigho. AbRageegPaeds agobnge Abra 30. e- Hu Oadbdob Msxagh eo yb 600 InowNsbo eT yép id’ have toca the grass mel. My brother did ity ot ge Rorigs aseasbob rfc kage, ces Ks Sd Boo You nsed’t have tken the camera ~ 961 nye sheen eer poseagb Hoag Weald’ ncedo make a ake cause my frend had made it fg 6 woaatetes fsAghytok gelnghendo nog. Ge fl foros gate hen Ws posesbies oth Need — éengeei, éiy is — yb ote Need ash egg « My tend needs fo leur Spanish — ils ggedoei ghsiol PR sga.botaats, need change my passport Aly Iolnsgol grBrggeeo Me ats. My brother needs opt the dor — fib lsh yas pgs Koga. ory Aspley solfaheab%g 060 The carnceds xing The caracdsto be xed - 536s 59a 2s jeg The mtchnceds repairing of The wach need tobe repr soot gs Uso Dare tnt “Fne Mowers need watering/The flowers need to be watered 4 1 reeds Bae ighe gadgh Tybske ase ‘They dred not move Your hai wants cong bobo aabigob 336 3g He doesn’t dae to say anything How dare you? How die(d heey” apoge ontigrmg3ab) ow dae you open my leer? How dared he complain? 6 Kabgyting Angseyto seo Bobygsne Wee Mother: Why id you throw tat stone through he window? Son: Another boy ded me (0 throw i) (08 abe Ge Bots Fodofybo Roser 39 is boss 1 dechate meal Used to 9 Be used to Uitgigegrdasto Ys 4 Bega 36 Fagosb, Dare sergentcs Mi [xenative —] Taare you care Ire dares wedae they dare Py these she dare? ‘ide, shee to? | vse, dt ws Co dothey dare? | they don’ dareHe used 8 ctr, but het now Asya obseo ofe06 ofl aed to play computer but T don't play now ath gnstaintaen, ated obaze oget gaksHed This biling snow a faire shop. It sed to bea hotel gb Ig iki, ut ike ei 2 sang gelbvbopagl 6s Would Vigor. 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(ube) 2 da endeavours ‘To save moncy now asems impossible — hubby Myydsegasens srscob chaes seb guarance figs 'Wouldit be beer te Boon? ymgbo 96 wfighenes abo cel happen * = desis Cabagh oases hesitate Aygo so nde fogs, Tpogmkens. gsBoalgean That + be ee eee eps intend x extra money 6 He found it easy eg srsc0U He find (that) twas easy 10 af tong wil inh isa toma ends He wl nad oor o6 sean mean gaSbnkg eed — baht agree omg i sesh a appear Tab, 968 range” - Boog oferta ask - nor tai — ig a Slow gi setings sconce tother-"2 ab tegen ispretend *- mngal Bryrordo: Stas He filed wo notice her Promise *- sedis pees prove 086,03 ‘She appsarstike the show rg fl, sb bh Yo Felis ptt ofl oe remember *- gototben tig happened sc him yesterday ayn cose” Sachacion ares sem beh 93 0 They are preparing wo evacuate the aa — obi Oyen seek — igh Bossgerigbeteernb tomgboo6. swear * “ego ‘Sherefusedtomany him sh goto gehts genom gre tend — go Wobge They shed tog or valk dor Waignsfene Fobgpes gqoboqal threaten * stg hope gst jobrerhere— gen nf ogy bh lng troable— Eger, Bl she (ont [did't beter fed thedog 8) my 86 Bp as, want eos T don’ cae 10 be famous — 2 6 Anggh@bs gor wish —bgégoen0 fro wait — aoa Tswenr ttl hetruth— pax, Gr bostcroeg a6uR: venture gba The killer treated wo murdered’ obsy— Ag dete - bof Seg en segtadn. org of wanton volunteer ete (Bo0dgh 2 He just about to leave ol Vliezals d year Righosen ee 820 lg ong Tha a aemaeeenell 66 {promise © wait 1 promise that L wll wait gatiegio. Ge eB qo6opoge obd>Mg8S ByB.g3 BOOyduo6: "He pretended to be angry = He pretend that he was angry ~ te shout ~ gator ch SGI. i peed make op one's mind gosesandh "tured out that he washer father-son, Gr ol Bc beable Igea> set out — go gB> do one’s best” yo) ‘um out -sdegh Heagredvo pay 850-9 appear. happen, pretend, sem: He seemstobe allowingus~ 64 BoS, ob Fag Brsaseas He cameto see that he was wrong og Boge od seo Uhsppened tobe looking out of the window when they ave desire be happy 2 igs én gebogte gry BBokgaane gs6xs6s36 gesaMabiowe, Ggys oko Bngoebyb De you wih eat son? ~ Baer 3a Sghoge ‘igloo aakt decid; incover; find out; forgst; know; learn Trmanaged to put the ie out iy yghaeol finds Sngshyshy MM remember; explain; se (gnagbsltnbages), show (+ seeds 0 rTunderstand; want to know; wonder 3 soo Wg Chowhwhatwhen wheres He discovered how to open the safe — jo abe ory. Gs afies aaghibs bo ound out where © buy rt cheaply tame bozo oo 1 didn Know when to switch the machine off 8 96 990 noameg 9 be af 1 atgaia Aol, Got showed her which botlom to press reongogibingal hus s906 vw. We asked haw wo get tothe station — Fag gpyrorbgon song geen bovepartien Do you understand what oda? goy 5 509 8, hon tellashiadvsiteach somebody whathow/mbere + fs 9 J Titi you what we do—By adage Taf acs fms arouse. He taught me how to drive biesle- sy ge Asbogses She showed me How todo it 6 2a se ouaratoks ob infinitive oF» + best +tfative Tigo, eniiegBtog, dob —s306, Bob stg ye ts begs expect, would hate, elp, intend ke, wou love, mean, prefer. want, wish. want tide horse 2g His byBiow oon. Trwan yout ride to — 2 ese, 8 yh, oi Texpecttoarvetomorrow =A bose Radergoe (obg 2088) expect him watve tomorrow Ash 8y bye gee. ‘Would you lke ogo now? shes aig Fobgies? ‘Would you like to go now? ase obey Fone verb + object # Eninive ray alow fp aotny gi hg frosty, commend Soa iat Wore comet ule aye cecouage= Yo 3 case roca tage Boggs felt den. agate cree Sass pemit_tpob —— ee ang eee ren japhererais ncn bps Cite toe e tec payeeShe encoraged me oy again BS6 Byles, M8 siigbom goto Wiigha see se» Rear ohomAs t BoE estes tage ob gong “They forbade her to eve the house Aso sigysoel sb tak He was sen to enter the ofie ~ ob sgoofhgh fet) enol ‘Can you remind me to phone him? ~ Tysorkeeos BqAobbgbrr A ‘He was heard to say that... - oogigh. Fed ogo aBrndy. oi pana 12) Let (gol wstons) — Gob Bp ‘igh remind, show, teach, tell Ayggoons biden Letme go» dogo, Foar!e9 at Mother ets me do what want gees Sol tg gagojge% og is og Boy inn are Let bs ifighon 996% ‘Assume, believe, consider, fee, know, suppose, understand +a awed to: ject Htobe Twaant allowed 10 gop Fobgeeos GBs of Bd Teams im to be the est candidate ols gob 46 4) make (odgeegbo) — Wil hey She made me doit 86 Asmigeeo sab 9,g0a8s gles Bron make ‘iho Bgboe goon oblezbo to oF He showed me thit it was quite easy As Asha, ed be rome Jobe a leis thoaght io be the bet player —Asb og "Youare supposed tokow the laws your own country —y s Twas madeto do ity Aodgeegb Bel gaged eqn bor, ngoneg yf Jao seh 8) Syn, doom: Would rather'soaner;rathersooner Ain, ha etter — eho Jgobogogo to GsForayol gag rater wait tl tomorow —Aoeiggian. bgosesteg Bc You had beter tart at once ~ hx aieogg soo jogo tw GoRoreagal goFgy obtatgD You had beter nt go alone a m@ghnn see 96 Volo 1 ons gl cams nay must ol hy help (sabato) — Byweegngobaosr tw oF Hema doitteday Ast ool gages seal Bae 10 ob sag You can ake a boliday — 196 Ygpodsens DagBesegol Seah My eacerelped me (1) get hisjob—Aabogsegge sshd 2) shall wil do esse gh 08 badegdber Brg. He wil probably object~galges ob Fuistegyo oy ) ong oo abgentegl agionS:Bb “is yos3ato, Bye She doin’ know the answer = ob 04 agub Soba 2 abil t bsFoseayeb 96 a) fel, hear, see, watch igs yoo gceboiagh eer T ant yout stand besie me an hold the toch —2y abe, én) sco 7 rasscen sol gegen To afi Thee eck te oy 1 swathed him go Ay sesgiohg. eo Fog Dd yousec anyone leave the buldig?- herd se gssbogl got. hope olen, tend — gab \okgo, Wook? nhs gets mize Uosingighom, make odzgcgbo (figder Boot bs ns‘ho Sheen mean gobbishys, plan —seggt>s Mave, a esl, tbe ableton "Wonld yoo ike to come with me? ~ Ye, P'd love 10 — los g 1p Sd a Fee praia acl spe Halgtgion: Why did you tke a tx? had to. Twas ate Gobo Qo seg? = ogee am Do you ride? ~ Not now bt sed liga apc ep cath gga aye you fad the dog? — No, but 'm going ~ 938g doe? "you get a ticker? ~ No, [wie to, but there weren't any left oe. 9389 A999 he last, he onl the best 09.3 THe loves ates He always the ist to come and the ast eave sb goss arse. ob seam saaqetg Soran Biel ‘She was the only one to survive the rash rete, dices apptona poses figshogygn oboe Aglegy bye bobgeng smbien = egos offer yng amxicty—osas2998 plan gan ater (8 Promise sos decision pomofggodoscad>——_—_—ivilepe— ogo demand — Bromberg Fefasal~ odin nf ‘desire —gegoezo request - mbar ‘determination gdgerscgs scheme bls eagerness — seats 80 ‘lings = Boyes corte ish vggo Their ffxplan io rebuild the town was not taken seriously Boa v domzod ghana ogeiBaigbom 0 Bi senecganon, geagn¥¥> g8orncsatare Toraers pemagoge abtaegBe Bzlan, egiorinsy bebyeegbist ‘eu my os ada hard — ay happy 3g dangerous tse lige ~ presegeco impossible Aye sory — BaF 50 necessary tales — ghotigghexe, — He was happy to hear he had been promoted ~ rl aang engnhn seFakoiyhghnb.ghokgh cgphngrign obdoeghs Blnkooanst Ie be + adjective (+ of + nwa ery kind of onto ware 6 goign bar 0 Fh goaytnbone eva rong thin tote es Ak Bheagao4 ep a Be. yggrszab os regehajoge oat gerg okt to, eneugh soho = ‘You are oo young to undersand — yf ogens6 sh bot edlinanged, el ‘She old enough to tvel by hers al bogarseseo cigpingjge hives “hag geno totel the trth— teasing en heh vo besin wth 6nd song eka To-eta long sory shorter yf To be perfectly frank, you are bad driver ee ge pen, 20h Total the tut, Pvenevermethin —biltongey 6abgobogegob go6gbsbegegere goods The Simple Infinitive Tam gia 0 se hi Tras pad to se him dy gabe [willbe ead to see him 3) gadsbsegeghs dol 6sbys OB gobngagob gabgeiderdoor sorts ‘The Progressive (continuous) Infinitive sbrgbingegel 506 ogden liar gs spoméerassg Bihgobstge He secs tobe flowing ws Boh, ib gf Brg. sibel Byheay Hemightbe watching TV-ol Ayieabs Ooseagssr6 ‘You shoul! be studying for your exam — 3p see ine a 2) Bg pen, pretend, seem peace to bing inthe area appease that ei fg ces Bla ol ah 5 avery T happened o be stag ext o him when he collapsed = It haps pened tha I was standing nxt o him when be collapsed ~ 3 2p bag Ab agyAnom goed, ry» ob Foods Te preted to be looking fra book ~ He pretended that he was looking or abook Sragshggbs, mej FogSb agree, arrange, deelde,determine’be astngeotl promised ob waiting a he door when he cme oot - 9g He isbsievedi be lving inMerico Jo ghee obgobopogob berger0 goeit The Perfect Infinitive cbgobngogeh beige sgn) aaaghadh ae oY Hee FOB Spas Aplskayh sige Bnflgeabab Heisssidtohave worked bere —Asbhy Ang Gl yh shaping beiece qyote obloighe ) masinere —sehitig ‘WiGabinab hégeza asigherrongsegige Srfgegdsh goo gogh The house wast have bees ready eegfongdghaie. (Bag668 2) Shou > ought v3 onan aabonsendger gpseear aeEPSh 9 taro 3) Could ~ deseoseg6 Lsdnal Tpbodergienrtal 6 5 Teouldhave made at ofmaney — yipkers én *) Could 5 might ess 6 beg obo am wate anaeat 6 gb Bryden go Twshgtsh Aggbensegb gen Ao. He mightcoulé have toldme!~ Baar os! 5) May/enight aghonsé petatige padebgag’ gonna = BePegshnos se8iedeerhave le couldn't dose oo gstenbsoats AnPisegbel lth ‘He can'eouldn’'t have moved te ino himself aot Bonin pastgssgoneg@oln ansafen 1) Mentone obanb ey athe bee abraergiob boosh atte come tis way rear is Footprn’s— ob <8 goa figs Rods Irion. 8) Neda’ Sos Tagen ogo gon Bee ogy bs sO ae sjetn sah gesgr You med’ have hued. Now we ae t00 early ~ 6 96 ag Joagpigseng (4 ay boty sighs) Fag dosa0sb i ago saeignag obi ja appear, happen, pretend seem rysenseghe Bendgoge Sb: aaSU gsbgbsbaeysigens oad He tome to be a prea alte = It scems that hea. 60 ob "Hc seamed to bea reat athlete ~tscemed tht he was. tga Hens thane Brora great atite= It scoms tht he was... 6 ie seemed w have been great athlete ~ It seamed that he fad bs Tafnn, fed ob ane soneaiye e (96 ‘He prtended to have read the book 186 onan ogo 1g bg o99 SO Tponts_ ackmowledge, beleve, conser, suppose think, understand afin gas Tir understood 9 ave el the country 0 o6gofngegob bégmo gr6aemdne goels “The Pert Inne Popree (oan) aigebagoasl Vinee sa6ahindoon aiang6 Aeegeatst, wntgaeng, F dedeisogee So fePob Weknow hero have ben vag he fr ive years ag gm 8 ob bya Fiscal palageendsdo qbngemies sf byoGranh béatn ky sg Wighob Nol appear sem, happen, pretend ol 3 29 se ghphoo agen gin Leb Beers hem ‘syrunderstand ot hey ania ‘as following To ley - You shuld not have bee allowing im closely 39 3 "a 36 Bremer trem | carota bese wang fir ng ime A, oh ee 2s. gslinbagoab ATE gB RyBobiefscc He peed ove ee tadyng 835 a a aS I oe 2a%y6go The Gerund eget gel, ers Bahayoge Woh, ah rit satig6igol yos8gd0 The forms of Gerund earl SS eee ieihe tonel eaeto speak ~ speaking ; ) ng dotieaisOa I als he 2) bgt aha ore Aub bag ike playing tennis yo 3) agen Tyo gts gobi Fok ng Hee goodat swimming ob Shes fond of climbing sb “yyy fk eold— 3a apres Frm sory for ke wating aOR Before going to school, be went in shat) hyo "Tere's no point is waiting Took forward to Ser pelperased t= Wa helt accustomed to Ags My What's the use of sto oh na ens of aga there's no point (a) sie S66 oh have dificult (a) ~ Qo Is not worth 56 «ol fn aditinn 0 — ss 36 take te —g3692 ss wellas—obggp, degen can't stand 36 have trouble ~ gio fant help 99 6 90% we ‘Wearelooking forward to seeing you soo dag} bob Meisused working aight fgyqsen» dhun Dyoodst Wsno se waiting ben ois oh The fm is worth secing scot ogyse Gaby Iesnot wor going there now — 061 gah § ean’ lp laughing eng 39 goog Ig saFafien abt Tylenol ss —Dotag ob gas complete fetes ." poxpone ely seg practise 3 detest bg propose — nog by nabs suit Iya wa recall Bnd, gobbghigd recoleet Brg recommend fg rember golifghs Bohs report Bei — = fish frzive— gs Imagine - Yusuf * avlve tsp gh sae beep — goqigey st0p~ Ty ese gmap understand ps He dite taking the money —AS6 og He dtets wring eters st yi 7b Varo a Ne kept complaining ob sqesien VP[a sexing my ol ends Ap HBF fy dae age She postponed ging othe denis Asb gosta .Boeo ah alge 9) oaafigo spsgena abies srmAreeyBone Boge shgseot egg, (our bsmaggeoGate) seo. 80d Coogesctiobgent agg ( owzodoeajer go) Me assed on ous sesing him 906 seo0gnbo, Gea gh aaah He insisted on reading the letier ~ 06 geagabo, Reagents Yate. : ic insisted on mye reaing it~ 106. pits ob Sao esgeeosbng Byslengdsgobdste dom ‘ke read involve Tike goign) mean rid eopose recolet remember resent ve son set derstand tpprveot disapprove of ‘nsinton ‘eno good itsnowse object 0 thers no pint in whats the pint of He dinned working late Ash 94 pees 2906 SyaeBo He disked myme working iteAsb 9 Bobb, 20 rpcrfonn ob&segho sasigag JgnsGoenan Beggs 0 ago seins bokgseod yg oot remember my mother’s complaining about it Lng sent Bab glshy® eafiogser rece bores go spew gee J eng gory oes "fd not remember my mothe complaining about ‘ie mind oneghose wks nbs > 36 Voborosa¥30 06 a ry Would you mind wating » moment? — Yabo Fein, gr bake T dant mind walking ~ 3y oboomdegne 54. grdSqh Jind cogent don ind hihi ving here Ay 06 36 Foo PAs od ectoatinb He did't mind Ann leaving ome —ob Fo 08 tsbseon Galigecg> ‘Would you mind? Be sett autos ould ou mind my opening the window diate ‘etaaen ed etre 7) agree oMadghs Nyebodong babgront ws Bde shoot " tigggo bed accstomed 1 — fig befond of boxgseigeen id of ~ykggzen 00d at potas, Soe beaware of ~ gent beinipuntat-seymPrsee ada Berggren (displeased at- gong be capable of - yhoeiastio te proud of — soy beintrested in“esohgigeghiBasen — besureof be gly of dogg od of "wo realy for Asean samy forges seed at asco Tam inteestediaeading hisarcle Ay Abo Yorn Sheis fond of steing to musie—Asb ayghoahyhaol Hoy 1 agtighsen oboe leg, asdemdlgponk Acetse of eon Be through eggs arse 10 eons Insist on ogo Approve of Aeohgh took ike Agni be beter off ~ Bho keep on — gogenlgeng'S complain of object to Fotoontingg ‘successfal in Peoggse0 wasthink about - think of - goo pend on odor finger about ws > rely on — eg Sceed in igh spect of totank for oes ‘wor shout By Tete gta the movie when you gt through studying Arsen ob Toantan. fngs Wsqsb Bo She wan accuned of taling ob Jéiee2s speak of — baie pabghsbeatamo meioob oaty6ne “The Indefinite Gerund ican rho fab nos ogee pe walked witout turing her head storkgaent 2 rf ‘he wl not rest without having tbe word at her fet Ava. bof ygpsengato 96. ao. veigero seeinob gg ybs00 The Perfect Gerund ob agtinbies Gn dPasaBoe SBbopigene fag. Ve mpasash ‘Se deni Sh Gn Sab ghd 36. 6 ote sce, forgive, lobogngh doPlgegdsb, emi, pon, ement hank ol Bh a gbacom gotrbogger Io 1 don't remember hearing the lgend Beene Bohbengh, bes ab sezaahaes Beige. Youmust excise ry no answering ronda Bo Don ce oxtig ay goal ‘On leaving the hos mt hi Maa "Aer walking about tn yards, 1 ound my at pried ng 9.799. gobs Bob 96, sheng afgdoo gatryOmeo The Passive Gerund remember being ake o Paris asl chilly 2 60 Pode rote The safe showed no signs of having been touched — bah bg Bihstot ecogrmare Gxtagn wt oy Tike being writen to ty Boge, Gers ‘ol ~ to want, to need te deserve to require Unhgeeob warthab Ags abbeys sr, orgy His dor needed punting Ant jogs igen Vote The cilren deserve praising —gh Bogdgnin "igdgbsb bsje Anda TobOAp My nr wanting oe Tah OBEN They were not worth saving 56 » obgobogogo 52> ggepbeo sy, 09 8a oo zis pleasant— 9% “Toswimisplesan~ Swimming sp Pi eda Se tore mamta wet ow tga ri oe eee Seeean tripe dite Wee elon comes” Foie = foe sop taf oat tees say theme fica petals gee oer ra ent sot ggeemne abe BEzeco Ub Bg taker cg A Nay oe eeeghn Segigtsh 28 I i dance — 66 moot aed fuming 10 let Engh ve years a0 eesti Wigs tyme Hea Fe 8 ure obs obo mended, be required dean ‘She can't bear wating 10 wait— ols ge ab Hintendseling/tsellit 3p godnsgh ib areas *yansb ~ advise, allow, permit, encourage, recommend, re 8 a gAL Argggbo Jose. 60 He advised me to aply at once — 266, oi sonar They dont allow us to park here ob gee ser 96 Boggeab of goat sets He advised applying at once They dont allow parking here be allowed, be advised, be encouraged, be permite, be recom: ba as advised to apply at once We were’ allowed to prt hee. need, require, want rie fi ogy eed opin he fnee fy Dbje> sob Begs, ‘The fence needs painting — seid), gb The fence need o be painted abgb, ssc Bis pect Fetee “yea, obs ofaogo, 1 forget + to —eondgh sajgmpiob ogoygbo He forgot o tam of the mio — Ash eanpiges sob gah if orpt toring your ook hy toy 1 Fog Pte Forget + ing sesgagofgegh Gn seg 1 never forget visting the Ese Tower b> segs20b yep bnémns St forgot turing of the gat 396 woogie2) remember + ta ssoiih grag s6ansqn Bo. Pens, remember to feed the dog before leaving ~ yboga ecqogetnegon fi dag Fsgenseg oft remembered to lock the dor = goasbgbes, got Temember +ingobbngngh dea Goeoc 8 3°08 Doyouremenber meeting hia? ght, ob 0G Iremenertingherabouthe party Abbe, nO Vi ob Aghobyh gambsdo 3) mean to gaShtbys, sesdoighs ‘Shemeans to stayin Paths summer ob og Taneanto gattthe top by sure Ay Mab Arby sesh ging sbgews ‘ory, | meat fo tll you about it afer the pasty ~ Ben Afr Bubguonss gordo Bob yboby® Vga meaning iseoubbeo, nog 650g es gscnbbiinds ro Bygo es oflysosbo. ee catch the ary train will mean geting up a 6 00 — seineol Angasgdseon ogee. Ob ash sete ‘Being honest means neveralling aie i seashore Bos "2 £9 00+ 19 Deyeob ahaa 8 sto Uys lagi gaeaee> He cleaned tc hose then wet on opepar SUpE He praned the hedges, then he went on to mow the lawn — 906 Labo goes egg tine Boe ige.on+ing = rego rede Se went on working eventhough it was Ite They went on shouting despite the neighbours’ complains —o vatigsegdash tamticel fhrghgieogse Agboengbob he * a6 6 soon 190 5) regret + to Vaboneo. Fhe ‘We regretioinfrm you that you haven’ theen selected ~ gf php, 8 sedyntotigi. dni oh a6) bate aiiggeeen "egret to say tht you have filed your exam ~ fight, Mad Drdiab 396 hosdoegn pees oe egret + lag habanero 98 He regrets spending 40 mich money ab fabinBh, tn Bgqeo nase sesboey = ‘She regrets buying sochan expensive caro edb, eb Dros A66ja6s ry ogre saying tha to him By g6s6, en gl At ro 8) ngree to 6s) womblitgoe whee Tom agreed to wait a week indo mabokily nyo, yom tape Binge " gre 10+ ing —onbiods ‘Sheagreed tomy kaving ob ebobs ye, rd yFeghepcoy He wouldn't agro to my leaving ob 6 ayy onto ty Meabarerysen. : ) propose + sed, gabeiys {propose start imorow~ ay bgose bjzeshgodod propose + ing agnngs'gho "propose waitin til the police get here‘ ogra of RS, rnercnt ge — =e 1) ty +10 goon doeers6 Uygaseer edo lose weight 3g ggg evo see 1 ict repair my ike but | couldn't 2 gyn Masao. 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"we opped to bare ace on the way home ree oad wobssegpse, ngs babe Bogieorn ‘sap ing B58saie, ma ebb He nopped studying and wicked onthe TV—@s6 WYogsxs Tae sack es barren Whoa : Ste toned tpg aaser he phone R36 Axhsay THO seeaprecineeh rd eile : Tay Weuld preter prefer tke, lve + 0 ~ potato a ake yryeadIse feyGgiao ss as ngewe, AN Ttdprelertocaathisreterat iy Sogn, 8 ahr 6 sen Go bodpat Be) Tic w seer day whsn av onbolidey— fins Mare So gn ngs yoogseee ONO eter the tove sng beers beg (gh srageman)) Teor realing cctv sors —%y seagoing Hebd dats ppnkgak goog iosnondas Ih bate te ooh peasogiety ol ne¢ wgig509s%) hate egos, but you are wrong A) 96 ies Boge I 96 bs Asoo ate + ing V3 Thatebotingyouaruch lear) o4 ng shy se Af Bah Tint Iinenng jazz 96 gy stb Bois 1) beafrald to ylsba, Bo ego. ster He wan afaidw jump Tob, goresbgede. 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Tyee apy" sob oboe, abseabsb oto tae wear iA ii ogee rij abla ogni eb sensibly fv Bog Ig, goog beawifl sesso gett ‘Adjectives Yaghasonogo bobgreo back yo deep — ss iret og catty oceggpen, Boomfog? ‘noth boon, baglors far ovis fast Wenge hard Asgoi, seo high torre je eek Tate — gshio Tong aes, bay seo Tout Nsdagosn0 near Abend Fiht Asta, scene short e3 sill Yyfoe Staight™ Ufo, Sota fast sqdlrbogseyo west olger0 orth héosergpab south —bsthegene opposite Undue, yrs Pbgaas ‘egebaony setiegiog Sone beauties baby Adverb —\aborbgses ack — py deep sor Airc ooo xough ~hoybene frost fast Wea ha Sag igh — Ase just abo tae left Asehh long -esehsbl ow — pds oud ta tear sbgrie prety In Fah Borge shor ree ill ~ Yeap Straight Joe west galsgengoon ie fut - Ishq opposite ~ Vodeseontongg 8 balsa 160 Used as Ajectives Used as Adverts the back door lap she 2 ast rain sein Bagge come back soon — 2) oberg "The tain went fast a straight lin Mime hohe shar oRagoe akg dntkegag gH6lypEr 1 abbeys aigersstee deeply = great Airey = immediately ‘eep long way down direct = by the shortest route easy ~ gmt and slowly casly- without dificlty free = without cost ely willingly Tull= exacts: vey {ally = completely hard — iment: with for hardly = seareely high = ato high evel, igh very much last afterall others lastly = finally late = not erly lately prety ~ fy hort = suddenly sure ~ cerainly wide ofF target ‘wrong ~ ncorety recealy early = almost pretily ina prety way shortly~ soon surely = without dub Widely ~ toa ange extent ‘wrongly = unjustly You can dial Rome dre orf ype He't be here dirty She lives near —ab Pm nearly ready ‘The exam wa prety ficult Herlite girls are always prety dressed soso yodgon 0439096 co ng gg ‘wry somentere VaGorogQob BygaegBoo0 bosobbydo Degrees of comparison of adverbs pt taketh nono betoihg ©) ghentstrggeeoso Wkobgegeo Masha Fateh sesieo. Faraone hardest het catty oe carlier ge 2) ein sos Moaosedosiggeensbe "Nigh boli eB: more extol Usps ickly™ UYomse mote quchly yay, Moqpge mos quickly — gages feo slowlyfgaes mare slowly 6 most slowly — gee a) ergo Beg sypinesh well yoga tol Fen Migs beter nsgnghoe best boagggtio badly—ogeoe wane ag6% G9 worst sages. cigsoe jigTgwogbob josLOeniaosdo Constricton with Comparisons Lassa bases jog: 800 FoBSmoe AID Bo AsO sehen Fetes ‘Sherun as fst ar you (do) ol 3yBhsgom Wego soot She doesn rinses fst a you{do) - nh yfiagoor UE sore ti: 2 four Ta) He plays Beer than youd) ob yf'hg gage sis Bb They arved carer than expected ban ee ge Be 6 et 2g Boggeeren ‘The eater you Sut he Sooner youll Be Back — Foy, 6 96 aban Boor pti Bing galego * [Rsuperitive otal He likes swimening best of ll gages dogeos6 Ab sets 5 [Xsoparatve Fat a] She ste best of te students ob bogygmaler boohoo. Poston — tt subject ver | place time She goes tw the guar | om foot | everyday. Aokeoribob dihgegoe Warhge> TyoaeeyP> ey 1. Adverb of manner —goosegiol bbe gabo groetigiels Mileage Rong gigs sy - Freel Sowly=Ggegs well yosgonebontly ~ peal tane 2) gnnohghob ‘SObabgegio Fagyerabtng seqab ‘eb sep. bee oy Robseosnseatsgiho, Bob 8 eg “akeary ‘She danced bsauflly— ob geste gushes She speaks English wll ol orignge seetnenyeBl fg 164 3) verb + prepa + ebecisBxig) = sgn yn Wodes oles eaah FaBoxemyob feo ce ese Bol Bylheas " elatedat me mii 5 Head mspicioulvatme Ass rh epee temo 2) Saban ver etsy Foes My 0h cpu wsdnieaiarem wake ete rea mn ae She pens Engi ash yoyo ra ofa Sealy pikes pal he hs of ok sak 204 ooo Aol Godt hyegagde, . Bericin meh Tein meg wee teh ey wig shits tapes They managed somehow of 7 = They aed he mney someon Ds Sep Spreng 2- Adverbs apace ogee ogee ; ta Rage ay sigs _ om sasha eet mol ‘Webagegb maa Woonwengeak te Toler hevennhene paced eee Heleva botaaeon ce ate 2) tart emg sarahee eng anyhere (Coty nowhere (oo) obeys obagy eget, tome, ny, "¥e Sen that man somewhere —bogeng iishogh ob yg Can you sce my key anywhere? — hes et 899 yb salonegBh bg Nowhere ~ Aguicghs gohdscivwn fenycey Sobol oor 9) herethere + belcomeige + noun subjectHere i Tor - sg Here comes the win Ther ges ou bus rg lage ofa dnd 639 Fo6 et: “hate he is ses wl of fn J Adverbs oftime—setnab Oba ge30 asbgegien Boaswoarl jwobgrhy 6 esterday —yyib tomorrow — gost shies son Boge ‘boggy gaob ob Wot today - wa afterwards "Iihepg 10 then As 6 e008 1 psdestbogaaee Gage eabstgotin, 96 Fokopesegob donee “Thee we went omeAWe went home then ya ag sb Fee S) before ear THe came Inte ah gos Bongo Tit go immediately Ay obs) Toor a) yet hea 2 egigioo On iP He has ot sshd his boast et oo agit 3) losis tobe Nol ph For: ‘he isa in bed ob 3.96 goers e260 ya Stele gag ae nm Sr Adverbs of frequeney oko ‘otto Lobdadats bibedaegie degree yookgsteg Sotho on mediately, late— gh geste seas rhage sepsb 5 Fore ne Boys Ub “ig Frequently —Wibeioge once — yon sr orem sometimes —ergncg6 wally Fag seldom — 35pm ash gah of sonocgll Vobdosob ‘aoa 8) tobe Gat egy He is always late for work os ban 2) sesbsegbo ot Poe He oflenstaysat the hotels os Wants Figg sng bie yPsaseere spansGgB UsBbs- . He never comes late ob sestentgh snabgib. ) seathg aol yess sea Joorbgnn FohoseoseBoe buslary + subjeet-soSbeeajosl eg He can never understand ol ysbinegh ganngah. You taveoflen Been oid yf hose gaan Have you gr iden a horse ogg Bgseosiboe hgh? used to have tools You hardly ever have to remind him. He always remembers — 06 Toho dolngot blgighs dob yoageeng shhh 5S. Adverbs of direction ooeiane hiteshgegho Inder ay Ios6? upstairs —"hggan away —‘ forward ob downstairs edge He wert upsaits— ob Asses age They went Noth abo hoseogeergnoen Vogonbgh 6-Adverbs of degree bosib" hotobbob abrigeain AeagongBl enough oye, besser too aaseont, daca tlmost on fl very dsr rather he Boagraadls gona: bos? 5 se stn much—bo,foeas. anon 00 end Nooo Fo You ae abso right —y6 sdlencegiaton Athos bot Trmalmost ready 2) only Mage goes Koes oitsagio Yyetsonge bobaeotib The box is °) almost, scarcely Healmos fell ob Tanja olag Bg ghegies 8 ‘Aggodgiob 0390 Tabgeraie colour depth height price sae tye weight (aati ver the same = (wou) Fast newn/pronoum sh Bos of ol “This is these sizes th rest ofthe ats 4 aly, rises Boho 1s this tread the se colour as the cloth? heap clear expensive hard heavy Tight ite lone old small all young ‘subject + ver + as + adjective + a8 + noun/pronoun Mary'sjobisashardas Bill's gfe Isom og 4 ohm) atoms oborgts ogelital doTbopaqeed exsy large He eta tl a hi [bie verb + farmuch-+ mores + adhd + than F aonalpronoun | far more expensive than mine ces + number + plaral noun We expect as many as 40 people to come te S08 saseeegion 40 "have as much a 10 pounds in my pocket 10 8a He weighs as much as $0 kilos ob 0 josyrgeslofeiol seoolsblergge yhegye Abgoecomgn thre ines four ines. This boy is twice stl as that git — gh This tower is tne imes atl as ht house ~ gb ye Bdge 169This one i pre aes pacity Tim bas wie as many records now aha sy ng Myo fbf geigbo aah goseig 9g be tut it cots ice a4 och ste oer on: oP fae o8l pret ole os a oobge Vash goobgon0 860 ;e980 The Interrogative Adverbs caloes Wg Boo gRenegBoor er Why? — Feta hie obaseg ae sabeigbh ag 8 2. When? ~ 6 When do you getup? —At9o"slock Geo sag? — 9 har 3. Where? — hoy? 4. How? — rani? How are you? yt onda How tals he? — in. lailgeeab nob How deep isthe river? sBeow eos gh Seog? How much (mney) do you want? sda aie ghnseBa How many pictues did you buy? — @stegho Uso exo? How often do you g0 aboad? - sBnghise bio lotiggosigotger? Vobegdgmegdo THE PREPOSITIONS obi ps sesog bist sé Boh ‘hein the oor Wy ” She isn te age rom Tote Beco tuner ob so 0s IR 9 Goghgo Time and date L985) ough oki seth 8 [ALBo'clock 9 Atdewn anh gabeseelc At indie igs, Atnight- eh At dinnertime logos 2) shige. Vege [ALtwenty/at he age of twenty ‘Beng gsBenfgdovk a the week-end weshends Christmas Fesb (yt Easter the momentat presen hs 2sbkobeeighs, FabuaPsen od som agelagigdb rstagiab Wo vbaaeons) ebay ais egos se #8 2, nhadnon Monies Seeraeenen we ipniy omy : Ne day Set (tal ea) a tr ay sro (oer seer ot Aan son 2 7 elms" bay emcee cary aera shereans easier Boa OH neta cveninglveings-eotonl byte area aoa oe eee oS ain apntichss regent sai sa * 2 05) stim Baha oon nota ata ernoncsingngh f+ tn Se enagotm gh bSn3ge00 oe ae cape peti onsale—pabogrss armor Ae aaa Men, bees Seen asc ast March one in December ~ seajgiPg0 ‘te 19 century in 2004-2004 Voge 9B bonito ate 1920 gt Fe iene asters Brean apna 3 eas - ROO inwier—hstos60 in smmer ogg m In the aneroonatemoons- seek Tex in the evening evenings — hago bgsdebon Ina few minutes — gg, oto ima wee in two weeks 366 goto gods ina month in two months g6n ng! egi80 ima yearn two yeas — yn Fase Pge'ae 3) Byhegs, gsoosgbst i In ove (with) ~ Bagg introuble~ goblncse to indanger~ hogan indo sag inpablio— thorns, bo inpevate— Joost, le fn debt — yo Inahury~ bbfosione nears ~ seg aeas0 In good eaniton ~ yore, in good heath Infact lindane eo Inother words ings bo Inputs gablo, Joshorvin bien ‘Nby- obiosgho bases eins, nese ses aoe D6.h dostserngbon gers by Sotdock- bom bovaob by Sunday ygornbongl by moming—seseon bythe end of he week/month year Febery ‘on mela time - str 08 (86 gnaw omg 96 ago) sne6oblogol/Fsb Be the 8. 1S tanstated on time 815 Loy Dati 15 Forty Varied in ime iy atthe begining end of seni a/ene8o (sey. 1M pay you at the end ofthe month nga denn gorge. bo Aegon ses Ag BragaInthebevining/at fist soho, Sreqeose, nog in the Bepinning/a ist we asd tools. Laer we had mashines fenk tatom ants grankbeom, Bes Aigogh Inthe end st Bob, ogee seo Bee [At Hist he opposed the mariage, but in the end he consented 5 SE Fatonedegae mar deel, Rags nee se 5) from—ss6. ohibegbs eens [wok frome w four 8g qb mab tooonsheg 99% 3) eh gabon sb Where do you come from? ~ boogs6 bse? Ue fom Georgia ludstinggaeones 996 yaace okdseys éebs6. Gobogh “sb yeas sedis. age abiosigo Bae setebint Hichas been here since Sundsy ob tod yey od oto Helef schol in 1990 | haven't sem him since 36 Tasch sensdonayéin Dob ges oa obs S) For ublyio sfnel bakgaognda astotshooog farrwo hours neo Uoomab gobiogecers0 for five months bz} a He has worked bere for a year [ve ved inthis house fr seven yea 1) During qadogerente. cotghs 24 {obs during ourbolday oeieosgaob Swe, daring the Ay bggbgoh sees el slp ding the fen 9yTo hey - Treg gbosinw sehbe tangs. 10) Tlvanit- obseigs AG|O seboons From or From. anti. 06 ~ ea They worked fam five tno ive til ten ~ ean 3360 5 isonags6 10 boost TAREE Byiggg, abies sé babgecol 5 seco ob gafrgiaegel To. 85 mm ow ate iediely afr mea _ i ance the nmeiety aera mel tar eing— a8 yen Dont see megs 24%, BBobgy 96 seoodsben. = eee inertia nd pa. east Taneigrate thal ns : os eon Spied reodacenei Vobwaraseaeo. i. Re hai scribe Na NS ett ma Bpste m- tg Bae eee he take hind ots infront Fs marsha famosa ty They flew/drove'cycled/walked from Paris to Rome. pee Peccpmciicomcrteie Ta ned a Sl Hpi saree erry eta Ahora To Ararat Joma ht {om sess ot of as: prs towards Cssergesbo) coming mth rary yb Neca ofthe ater im point the concen srry Boge ‘He put his hand into his pocket — 36 b Fi They went owas be plas fie rh Fost b Fobra magengBl.jom oer nga ses yng, "ys Sato Bo (ng xorg o56 fh ater — Ayeae; before8 ste Mecemectng a 3 ck 6496 5 bo~bg ak Thaveaday off on Moty—y 6'asdomb yaaa Tm tearing in spring 19 aso bo ba Boge: Cee Trews years) ob 60 Fase of Ob sé ‘thavefinished tbyiwoorron— bapszobaroh soos sth gogToso «go ppsBosgdoo boGyggee THE CONJUNCTION AND LINKING WORDS atte otha bade Hees sndAbMONT aaeghb Ungesabbgs booed 6 Vo aio Tyas aoatengdysgo yea oGo Coordinative Conjunctions a cease dich 96 Yoon Sando, but ot Bat aso Bosh Nick and Tom af at home ~ 0 anjgateneosatasce ants se rinatine Conjuncons Andoentoeepgace seta aysadoshh 16 BPs sein aa aan A a sees ag Biers patertine ined t mhckarpe ok Gh hanes é bose Se nt haow that you were 6 36 ars rl Bh od - Latestpee saTerghe pteifgenst apg ToAgh ietgte ghoskgonnss pit shy Boor webs: Mstbasrog bbe, Wotgect so ae ane eed two lees and posed — gs Booger 0 Ree ns gfion bn bon, wad and wipe e dah 36 gatggbo Ro gns8¥ne> Rasdare . . i Tes playing basta ar wll as otal Ash ogy Hb ”J. pacontgfond ein dng, aikdahonk See Etch a Spnsh 3 Poesy gh ofa ate bo dope ie dine ee chon nl goths Fag ssc ose ter ypsete me Baten stage see Tatget ir xy “ob eto, Ag at Serchntuens bab eres nd ss ein Meso ensign ble eo Oa Tote money bat the pinciplethat makes meaner eae ear a ano aap mo oo 6 Petit Nera Sac geo say to 1 nese web on pos Memeo a sg Vat 4 Lancing orin-aly Shon fa Setniechor te ok ges Mae sesame a youre mw, or oss Hoay eG me eee tee Wag mob Se Oe 0) es Haw may wait y eam Senne whet iad domme ‘ines (ang seo} Meant cl Crise ween tga se fon noe eeu et em SS en Saree wee ery owe kx star: sho #08 todo ice tobsoateg) ; Barak goa bohm et) Sars ch our som lp in — 1 eg agement ob ed ot gi aan fg vs et Gongs ti, Thy are ane; et tpl uy em 9 dyn, Sagéed host Soaks omega Thowghabough- (Soa. ogo) Thopaoug hey seep, poly oy tk stb Bolg page = thegh (6s about gece gBh 6 Bongo Febaeonatob seo obtoghsFobsguegob nyo ho goer bee om Fotsnnegiob Bnaeo Hess ely igh oi ew Hey e't pay sox'tinkhe wil gh Bindi goxsobnr cane, “A tyabos ed gueeringeo a ghongreloosettngn easy Sat boner, avert chao qian pte cha tlie ho othe tho Hehadgucons neve etch towing epithe alg ead ogo Alhugh ban ‘qualifications he got the job. ” 0) Msp "nun romero ia spite of ving mo gaiats he go He othe bin ‘spite of having no qualifications. sei phe sgigtae t age ootahs aoa Ws hse Oye obgaeoliys Ie = an Des te severe went cndiss al hecas compa iene {feats thojongn el though ewe Ast Lygtegdorig + Ayohiyigere — Aight as windy bo spit dept gh eh Iota orgie np he rere ws fr JB goat Mapes ah W099 for RE Ugheegseyeog obdodgba, aa Because it as wet ok 8 (ofr vg). She was angry fo she did inow Pench lpr ah angi ed hnfagsee of oem base, GoGoPoseayo THE PARTICLE just ig, hardly sce, 1069S Tewas sil dark — 396 Tes lost done ob assna ge 2 eae Reis not my Tal gi 1 dd ker er ether ~ 4. Ayagsbob Cog There are alto people nthe oon ArGobsegdyeLo THE INTERJECTION ertabiestinee astebopnal s~esdosbob gsbiyode ations gogo, Gola, bosdeghghty dectieah apo shows GaGa 36 eben BO Wow! aot Patt — gat Host, Well- se Anlst ara ~ gost Bravo! — gv! Hush! Somenne is coming ba! gos Boel. BodmBomo Fobswaegds THE CONDITIONAL 85 arb Bedogose see ‘93H Jeceroone Fosse Spomey6o Jotierdoan FobsseoregBs SFI 590 BoBagone teva Conditional Sentences Type i. Real present or future otiedoo Yoho Sora (ab aaa Has assay dnteom Fo6omegts gsBnbepegh obyo 8 Pacadsls sodgsen, Tyke Bobs seo ghydo obsebea Renjomaeyee Foasasegtoe ofinb oF¥yo go beatae see, bee Aspe Fae Wily sao Sere IEThave ime, wil org see Dag. Poo ithe comes, we will go— ang ng gg Fogo IFT win the ltery, Iwill buy a yack ry gegen Me dossn't come, we won't come either ke 24 Grasezo Lagat Fobogeeg’sD6 sage if present + may/might~tbib2) AF present + may (6gstong) oF can Cghstin your documents aren orer you aycan ave at once baggie Salta cfg, Bamboo ogra we iit stops snowing we can go out- wy evmgs gomeosn ation govsesl Mgahegon ‘O's present + must should, had Detter —psboggh Fgish oberg, eggs you want lose weight you masUshoudsd beter eat ess red ag grb oss sage, Bose 960 Pamagos Fobsqoregben sbosghs oF gobnbs beat cetin Betas Fz Bog Gab patnbabadoasse it present another present fens: Iyoueatice,itmelis—org yoigerh govern, ob aoa [igo to bed ently always fs tern the morning —o7g 3 agen ealadipgcon, 8 yeageeoae’ 3am 2966 TTtworklats, 1gettred- ego gambentieg SIB, 9 Ir the wate is olin, i means food is nary ready a Vi arch, sh en, aigszo nono Ae tol Tiyou goo the post-office, plas, mail this eter forme 84H Fokgose, asobogfa ab Taos ssdnyesegente FobesABP obey oF om sete sero deel ob doy Agen dePgegeed gsbsbsge: ityou ae looking for Tos, you wl find im upstairs ip gh Bob yee og Ifyou are staying for nother week, ask the manage 1 give tester ooat any gh Brsagese gassing, od gb, ha gobng Ge qugngbe ewsbo Borgo Tce aceamiger oboesegeee obaSGho oF I Pal. odnbsbopoate Ite has writen the fetes, 1 post it I you have finished diner, ask the waiter forthe bill — E enters, erjogmaGl sigat@h Bogeon, Paes Fokosesnegbs Bo sé obdssighe. wl, would 5 ASG Vaso Sy5 . stop eg aay ype Ifyou willwouldbe quit, we'l watch the viteo—org nd i Foxe ofa. tags gmeae sara geo. (obras) Tyo willwould wait bere, see if Mr Green sie —org eng Ifa hou call, pat er trough o me igor Asboo6. (gy Bphsegds Geil moeggebh Bofagbs if jose jeg ohlsegbs A vil T don't know, doubt, wonder Ton" know ihe wil come 8g 94 stotigoserytio JodinBomo FoBoyeoregds sFayrbs Ro Grogsree seeer30 Conditional Sentences Type 2. Unreal present oF future Foomoxgs galmboggh abo Sniteob sabboegngeegds Baysepbore Bape eis ghads aPaynl 06 Bodsgsee ee. Abs ego inate VolonorghsBo s6nk Foeliger gabghs gigs seer, Irae Besgstin Foosenegds ofirbngps mauld aBhiong"W tobe Who es dons nfs Porigege asSabs agg: Bee ieioch Béageebon fg Ibe came, we would go - ob TET had ine, | woul goIL were you, I woulda’t many hie 25 el nf oso a9, Bsb Grease 96 goasgbOIe If she weren't ay, she would be 8 good student — ol Widag 8 aah. goten oaeahte Oppo ken didn rk so much cos, sh woulda beso nervous G shh spas 6rd oe ysegk shone Ggigrasee 06 Fm If he knew the teh, be would el me ~As6 6 lle xpd Nate ‘She would lose weight, if she ate fewer sweets — ob nbs moogseaie. Boysea? Outoeanseb dol Aoteat Tr dowgee Patong e shagy obAsegBo foqtose yt ‘os amit If youd again, you might suceed — yowag goby es 09, Tyee Fosbodgdobonel Beggar (osedoers) 11 found ber phone-mumberIcould phone her Bq Bol sgMGob fokg6b godngons dsbinsb seoigggol Igghergien It had the money, ould help you) en yg eg pH sesblosghab ype, 2 doops Fobomoep8s8o TywegBs goblosinm gah sea pi Peterson holiday; He touring Hay. If wer on haiay wo ight be turing lay too ope Tysons: ob Agha f6mBb agsewos) dy 8 Teh eeDNO gra. By oes ohn 3. Boman Fooseseghs tn ohasghs Tasligeen gigs iat 20 retin dageeo Ragga gainbabogogon. gablengege, ena 2 ahghs ei anyone ineruped him be got angry —ob Bésbyepienes, 0 geld tye BygHcoss. itwas snow, we stayed at home arg wingsso Aegens Aighnon he wanted anything, he got it gs fab dy ghee saab eases. Iss 4 seileyoratane Foborong To Fotlinee 96g veg 0 eboob Bogseow Tynisegte Fosbgsce gstghdesene ea hsm: "Wy car was working I woukieould dive you tothe sation — 0 Ah de yeas, bowel goatee. (We are going by ar an) I hate ight, If we were going by boat, fect much happier ~ (ha oorhysnngoon Beengtn shee ws) 8) 36 Arum gg. gh shew Goypr sod genase I 5 ssn osegaee Fossey god 20 se» gobo: (gh oth Tyfgeee” go Voomss. oh mixed conditions) Whe had taken my advice he would be arch man now —@sb. est fall > Mogno, shaxs Aowsdn joc nigger Mae gomeyGo Iodedoo Fobs;eoseg8> Pom byee scene Conditional Sentences Type 3. Unreal past stotgnexytn dotienn Vobossieghs Posse weer ghee Sspoah abso dngiesol nda, Tyme Bedbgscene Fortine sere dager ‘ib edrgoeabine Fakomsegt I o6el Pos etn, seen desgs6 Folowoneish ofeiiegbl would + ee fect intetive "Thad known that you were coming woul ave met youatthessport 9 6 soon IY6 domo, genie seghgayaenen ‘he had had the money. he would have bought a at Asi esd Imo Aon, babel epee 11 had had a ticket yesterday, | would have gone tothe thane — BIIWG Aogegoo eed Arboues, noise, Faymsenen 111 had been here yesterday, I would have seen him = i866 of 6 syerponerasgn, Bb gabon 18s130 Fooyomgeydo Bodo golem coum 2) nes = snot You will ot gt well ness you take your medicine — 5 yore Tf we hed found him cre, we could have saved him ob a BW pobege, ony Falbacb 96 toseay Ors ag agairgn Bob gaqeeigich Bopha Trwon't go on olay unless you come with me ~y 06 Fogo ‘iwehad eunshimeariey wemight avesavedhin ol «od Gey Dstsssa98¥ 0) 256 Kyo oom 26 Fodnbyoce omy saobngs, Tankers goengabots ses, Cxoondal ‘Youcan' goinunless youareaimember yh ys ghee hye Tf yu hadnt emuindsd me, might ave forgotten jh Ged l oe, Vato bee. ‘yews yee =) But for Ge eo seegiase Fofosomgtsde Tyodseghs USL 956M But for your lp, we would have been in trouble = Ifyou had oer Delped us, we would have ben in rouble — yf 8 96 ong TFT hat been wearing a sea-bel,'d have been serious injured. Deve, Page gabodoe'do gofighem 2 ghoqtinbongiol Jos dnl of AgmgBoseo, kaye ERO Dut forthe safey-belt woul" be alive taday —sboysonberBob sngiegeaions. Ipisto eel ss, wah Geghosge of gnifghone, Bat forthe ruin, we would hve ad ance holiday Yo 6 36 IMANLIM. yon sGreoKIDgM” aga gos ‘TgsaysO Godol IoseBooro FoBo«er*eIeyP0 2) otherwise fed a6, fe 96 Hoesen, owe Mixed Conditionals {mus save enough money therwis I won't be able ogo to ance ontlisy 364° gowagnfabe boyltobo gee tg Taige0 Ged0b Andedone Fobesseads axtoboysgl ole Trove logytsbggno sekeomsag8 aegis, Mrigecor, Bots 36 Agodeegiengs Argo Hr fuer pay er fees otherwise she wouldn't be here = i er a ogee sede Byegge Jo pa6k she. of beads Beg We id’ pay her fees she wouldn't be here ~ Bshibe Mogae gly Goals Jtirdon Yohoseonepieh_yribsocos Inpve od ahiensegh ob of 56 ofits Tr you hada given me a MeL would Be tee now 936 ee sed my cancustor, eter would have taken onger=ifthade't Pie hea) BES od my canculae, I would have akon longer - jose yezo6r6 Ge Hid caughthat plane I would be dead now — Sie 0 ogoeMMMA 2:20Saadols, apr semen bse madoorgaores soobogps ayeabagg Bybee, sbaxs gwen gediobe 2 boggstseaye apaeoliysBo 0 (eee do Agno sy ndentsb sbgag godobedeab gos vegbe: unless, in case Pre gees otherwise diag, provided (Cha), a log 38, 08 condition (that), otherwise, We must hur ar(ls) we won't get seat Fig 36a ih fr se, what if supposing, even if, only i fom, ony segeseaih 396 gogo. ») even i= even though ') provided (that), providing (that) — or, 0 iene on You must go tomorow even i you aren't ready - 996 gba Vote {willagre to go provided providing (tat) my expenses ae paid omg byose Bo Gaon, yo ony Phase 96 ofghe romsHhgbo Fabgeo¥s, of daceBom, ory Ryle weboboegcl 3) whether F=f oF ‘You mst go tumorrow whcher you are eady of not — 396-6 ) as tong asa, 08 Borner on {ebgeng Bones: Sho ndighs, wt oe. ‘As lng asthe in conics we ean pla fotball — org gos 186 187woot SA den ghar. “as Tong 1 ean save enough money, Il goto France on bliday ae erased sestboagol, boy ggme Fog mo Aeas6yPgo, abogig}o ws Gags oF'nd POO Order Reawentand Adie in te Reported Speech 7 aba 9) supposelsepposing .? Suppose the pane is lat? eT) “Sipposing you won the football, what would you do? - er tong pobraton Ash gengnatl e sid “Ifyou ave time wash th Noor” He sik © le sid “Ifyou have time would you was he fhoor= He wodsked me to wash the fori had tine o6 He said that i had ie Iwas to wash the floor ~ 85, Brobditinbegs axtoyo Belyegghs 7 sein Ayghpbowes ‘yim ease ory Tere you'd aes ou Gop taking pls” she dake add me i give you my phone number in ate you need o contact me = ee or ca ae eto aera Bap Ogee Gy jonny. - oo Teas oBgtob Bosh seoggloeats sender Til come tomorrow in case she wants me 83) byree Bgssy aflbgggeo org Bob a gore SotieBooro YoGoeoseg8gbo o¢6o® o80B0 Mood Conditionals in the Reported Speech rae fine wit parison Ingest bse Joey = The dee end SasSpbowe oece ~The pert aod aBangonne pgo — The Seen ood satryoragsegish 880m Type 1,6 ocgeass hase He sid: If ate he plane be home by five” = He sai that ‘up the plane, he would be home by five 236 ms. Inorg Ube nents org gab oobogh rgb Type 2. see 96 ogee: @bdenboo yore The Indicative Mood “Ir nada permit, eld got job, he said ~ He aid ha ihe ah permit, he could get job. ‘Type 3. ey 36 og gseas Sif she had ved Tom,” esa, “se wouldn't have Ie hin” ‘sid tat if he bad loved Tor, she would’ ave let him = 806 (Gro el Dapstigbomn, 2 Dowd Deiiosat easeen geim Tote the tay ine gnbopmsee 2 ioeBédsbgdooa yogyer — The Imperative Mood Bestia nse gallnhogagh Bgl, geet, ber Bi, eel Leave the rom! — gaseo rmsboss6t Be quell Papa eaege! Please, close the doar! gang, seshatig goo! Pleas, waita moment! — gfe [yM00 dewortbgo, sgoragst otigosjon geede'e oben dow Patt ote ho widow! — ick soot abcd Don't tm off the light! — 4) foo» oboe? Agbody Josnboso dseorgEe0 SAGAS. gtkoG ETO Wao toe Let him read the eter! ~ 266 Fongombob. Fone Lather got ob Fogoseht td fon B6Ageab gotnbabagogee abide gis Hl tl say ohn ol! Mary hse the door -:no Agfa gmbto, Jo ahah. ‘She asked Jim totum off the ight = AS6.bobegs so, a aeteation syrnqeare Fofageagn mat okIAKghs oqGogegeb Fo She asked Fim oot tur ofthe lght~ A009 barb fagjoen Bago Non fold Mary nto close the door 06 yal bobngs, ara geqToe goo yomger ~ The Subjunctive Mood sation yoseer ggg dn oon galrbooy 1 sdb see goto FB you Boe gbooIa yore The Present Subjunctive Fix» apgoraor Josey sFlabyggs wbtedoor spseeb, infigo IN Joe, Shngoenioen smnghye 96 seontongh Vey 1 ¥ao te bese dogs 49s eng aéob bee oF’ ang. High goszer godobsiygle Arrbengbols, egy Dnasamafahe sFayh of Bribes wer Sauosephyseo lapage thats Moeighs yoo Bagoiepot, syed ony oh gadngoagbiycens, Bak bi Aegis ob gobegeio to boVoneog We urge that he lave now of We urge hit to lave now megSghom Ongombog. dni ob sbseogg Fogo ‘tio. Grdegog obdadigbo yoga ghee vie gge Prefer giathaggbnbe ak — erg Propose gmagsngds ommend ahsfjo recommend cyan bases decree —Bensgiasegdob gsdyglo demand—Bombegts require Brrbr96, S66 desir = beg request ~ oreo inst woos suggest Agogo 80, gs order —Besgbo Urge goign Bombe "suggest tht Helin be here — egy, ti gen ep | demand that you stay English beter Srngorkng. dy ao gratin googcer advise you that mother stay at home — antigo Ia nosh Hellen insists that Nick got se er — Irgl. d foyn Bob Inbobogoae Fogseg seh Ber tht he ke 2 cao Fag Ab Papo se090%g00 Broa p odbeghs ogégoay should + He isis that she should eave the cout mmedistely 866. 8 Ab dass esags6gPeeng seyGoaghnbs. He suggested that she should op smking™” 336 yi, Bef Maatiros _ ra‘IoBsesg0 ofbgdoee UobgeegBe ob%Mg> oFye gr os goo yordo; demand oobi recommendation #gjexg0s fasinence—eoqigbo_—eauert- begs preference pintopgleids rurement Bombrnghs Proposal yonqotyhe suggestion igs. Bgnogroghs ‘Se ignore the suggestion that she gt more exes 6 one Range 1 ig. 6 EI yb HEAL stmngezoree gtngo tokgsegbe obogh> SFByM a8 osighoo goseere: “Mised pegegzeos obligtory~ topresegB se" Meatle tstaggecoo propeed—gongn oye Csoenial sigbowns esommended” egret Impentive pomerea2 50 tabeges required Boonbngoseos import oyfigexogaton appealing neces 99 GRyREOS EEN gE Iesnecessary tate atthe English lecture ~ jane ov ofyseobrysol sepdoesb seoghFenb. Tei important that you do tat once Abo yfigengo, 68 Ig 1h shoes Boo: Goajger_gogBosgBooo gore The Past Subjunctive Gstier goaosane yore gaflnhopgh > Foeiiger de Posabels seatgge ofikgnl oh Aeogoset, to be Wa ya sake, agde abosighs Bai sesh Béoqaerbony ‘ogo seen ~ were ‘ohn were her now he would explain heruleto me yo Sl Shag of myo of gle An dblmts. Tay doen are okosghs tgp wo gab egnareatyeengegoeob ss VOGSEzeab ysAnbobot Win ih — ob ea 2 [wish knew her addess— 636990, snare bo fobs [wish he was coming with us fig, 8 ob Bygone 4g 36 got ‘She wishes she were millon ash Wl, ¢4 Sossongto rn {wi hada cr Sadan 6560 yoga Gas TAI6e" Ged payee, obko6ghs yoGlyigigos only = wish 3990 Peper only my dad id snore! — dogo. oho s6 yg Itoaly she were hete!~ ge th 9 op! only the weather werent so awl gy fe shige ease Bb Bodyn Legmo yogBomgbon0 yoseer ‘The Past Perfect Subjunctive bay Yea waginam yon gototaggh lg dn Bioeth, Origgeo Fosse ednb gobysqegbyo. ey doo Pag Says wage edndeot, Saeed anlgee peeve aeagtom ogo FoAbyue AnfgegBsh se6aingh so sts Fobseg Isao gboow gsBmbsgngh bubsigseb, ob Tgheegt Byaegh yee. Isl gosegho seo {wish Da ha been here When Nick arrive! gb ogo of syoneege, Ges bon Tish had been he! ‘She wishes sb hadn't eaten so much ast ight ob 6368, Go Fob doer sake 42 Woy she had asked someone's advice! — pstsfsfinn, nd) 365, sPKIph bags 56 syoorbs. wish only... Would — gsBohopagh Untgoseh, end sy Brbyal 96 AnaagiseIo Iyhgeab Twsh my parents would buy mea eat! yh, jhe Forse S998 96 ay oneo 1%pibaghinioare — ose a Godgo begs 0 gaint ~ Bsr Wie 2) fan sean — Gl Wee 2) tres ter gangs Futuredinhe Past 1) Fostgsen gafgebmhone — Voeligien lrysen gee osteo bégseo se Fastigsen bag” as6yhieibone of aeeg8s 0608 ops, Dest Spec ‘She works ha, sid Preven ever She work Bane Present Perfect proprenive ‘She has bon working hashes. Hes a he wot Hemi hws wot rarer esha shad wok ad Pa Pere proreine Se nthe sia worked Parone Petar repre Sentry hese sab oki rd Foes eet Pt Sipe Scie tard"hesaid esl won wer Fetes Perse FetuelohePat-ropene ‘Shewilte wong beside hase ws wig hard tng ne eh os Fe Resear taney eo ey © fufomurto Ao ses OF Sateen Landon 2000, Hes hath win Lod 2a, 196 2) Bobaaeg aomtegggai ago 940) 26 sbamsg datinorees. “The sunrises the East” ~ the teacher sd ‘The echer said thatthe sunrises in the East Sie ssid “Jane ii She sid that Jane sil. (sb got at) 53) Fositgeeo gafgeniown a4 spel ido Caabase Bofizeioh gsdobspins ‘She sud “I was watching TV at o'clock”. She said that sbe was watching TV at 9 o'clock, 4) wish, would rathersoone. its tne — 2 "We wish we did have to take exams,” sai he children. = The shire sid hey wished they did't ave to take exams ‘Bil wants to go alone,” sid Ara, “But rater he went with 1F0up” = Ann said that Bill wants to go alone but that she'd rather he Went witha group. aE sesbseEb “W's time we bepan planning our holiday,” he wid. — He si that stim they begas planing thir blidays, 5) Ue/seiweithey had better 6h ‘csegse0. 08 had bet eh KEEGY oeEgh of Tymygree advise + objet “The cilren had beter goto bed ery” sid Tm = Tom sid that the children had beter goto be ety, You'd beter not rink the wate," she sid = She advivedivarned us noo ink the water, 6) py 9 My Godel dood Vox byBe is Sei ‘iy children were older I would emigrate,” he sid He sata i his children were older he would emigrateBogaserytio 5980 O60 orJso ‘Modal Verbs in the Indirect Speech ry Bongo Voges "lis Patigge seo, ese seghnge Vobowsesta dower aba Aya yA ‘wilshall- would ‘an could would be able 1 (eg may mightcould Shall should (gg) woul (0 ust musta 10 (gee) iment igh nageraeen ory ab gedobsgaqh goéogyeh edit eed oid’ t have (Roebgeee) would’ thave Godoy ‘would, could, might, use fo, musta ter “ego ‘aReeDEeD Oe oF gos) offer Agog ga) should, ought to, had bets Direct Speech He sud I wil always love you." Indirect Speech He said (hat) he wou always love me. Die He sit cant ep you" Indi Hes (tht) he coal help me Dir He sid “We can come Soon Indit He said hat) hey would be alee come soon Die He sid“ may sos Indi Hei ha) might snow, Dir He sid "What time shall we leave?” Indi, He asked what ime we would lee. (ofg630) Dir He sid “Shall buy ard one?” Init He askeaine) ie sbould buy aed one (6g) Indie He offered help me. (yma) Di. He suid: “You rus tlhe th Inde He si (hat) a tl the tah (3 seat) Dic. He suid: “She mast have got lost. : Indi He sid (hat) she must have ot los (gogto) Die. He sid: “They shoul ty litle are Indi He si hat) hey shold try ite hard Dir. He si: “She had beter pay me hick, Indi He sid (at) she had better pay im back Die He si: “You needa’ har” Inde He sid (that) 1 id’t have toda need to ary Die He si: “You net come to work on Friday Inde He said. would’ have to got work on Frid. Die. sid: “They ough t/should widen this 08.” Ini said that hey ought tisbuld wide the oad Die. Se si: You ough t/should must read the insction Inde She advised rgd warned me to ead the instrcton, C1 were you I would ~ BgoqagergBo advise + object + tive 1 were you'd wai,” Isai advined hi to wat "shouldwould be (ery) gratefl you would. — atk + ajc sini WveHe sud“ wouldbe very grat if you'd hee me informe He asked me to kep him informed. He explained knw th place well because wed ive here: He epic that he kre he place wel Beste he aed 10 ie thor. org Ws Bega FoSomonarsBe FoAtines meer, 8a Aaxfghone ugsetsbysen me sotahnataie aoa Peay: so Direct Indirect this shavthe thee thosetthe here there ow ‘hen/at that momenta t today ‘tat day tonight ‘hat ight this weekimonthiyear that week/month yesterday the day beforlthe previous day last nigh the previous night the day belore yesterday” two days before last week the week hefrethe previous week last monthiyear the prevows monthiyear tooreo the next daythe flowing day the day after tomorrow — in two dys’ time neat weekimosthivear The following weeh’moathyear {oo daysloncchs/months two daysiwecks'months years ap sear before He sid “I saw her the day before yesterday” He said bebad seen him two day before sb geo os. 200 He promised: “ld it tomorrow: He promised that he would doit the ex ay. — ob bb dodkeg6e weal goosgois ‘She sai: "My father ded year ago” ‘She suid that er ater ha died year before revi year—Aa6 a eo sas Fos Fare ataeegnansee ‘Gobo goorkgyBo Indirect Questions Gras sparky sereaog) ofa elo, ag85 ee, Sougpsebohgeegén.go6 gigs Wao say agqeeg80- asking, oer want to know. He sid: "Whereis he going?” ~ He ahed where she was going He sid "Where does she ive?"= He asked where shelved “Who lve ext door?” he said. = He asked who lived ext dor. He sai: “Wheres the station?” ~ He asked where the sation was ask— Wich goes tbeaesegh Inszoduen w8Opgho asked, “What have you got in yout bag?” He asked me what {had in my bag gaafabhngtiger foierngseoe ‘igh inquire, wonder, want teknow-b — 96 Beaks de ssdsdighe He sui: "May, when the next tan? = He inguired when the next ‘ain was ob He asked Mary when the next tain was, 79 Voorn ofgh> yaobyoow ingyen sf she ashe him. = She asked him what time was, He sid: “Why did't you puto the rake?" He asked (ber) why she hada’t put onthe brake ‘She sai “What do you want?" ~ She asked (them) what they want: of 27a gomkgoon bap 96 stab Foose, fh oro obasegh if 6 whether He ask Is anyone there?” = He asked iD whether aiybody was ther 201Do you et meat sheathed hr. ~ She shed him ithe tem She sid "Are you a stent?” ~ She asked me ifwhether 1 wa suet “Do you want insure your hgguge ou” he asked. ~ He ashe 1 wanted to insure my luggage of not 6 Me asked whether or not vated 4 nse my hggage ‘wonder, want to know + whether + infinitive ‘hal wat for them or oe” he wondered. ~ He wondered to wat for them or goon 9 He wondered wheter he shoul wait then or g0 00 arming cee willyou/ ould yeulcoud ori gstn gosngs Teaaboorow esti “Wil you be thee tomorow "= He asked iThe would tere the nex dy “would you ket livein New You?" he Tike to ive i New York "ll Would you le these laters, please?” he suid ~ He she eto file the leters “Would you ike lift" sid Ann = Annofleed me aif “Could you come ound for 4 drink?” he said ~ He invited me come) round fora dik ‘Could you give ane shan” She asked = She asked ws 10 give od ~ He asked han AadsGgdo, begs, ByoogoJd, ‘fgg 0608. &J80B0 ‘Commands, requests, suggestions, ‘advice in the indirect speech Aish, embryo, Tyenogsdyhs. 6 Eggs of orf aetebogigegns obgobnpegnn 96 ng eo He si "Lie down, Tom ~ He tld Tom tie down 20 B6s6ghal ens aavive, b gaobsbogiogse abibrighs gb sk, beg, command, encourage, entreat, forbid, implore, fnvite, order, recommend, remind, request, tl urge, warn + fafa. ve oF ington Gh sesso Bonga“) ‘Watch out” hes ome. ~ He old me to watch cu. es) lease, don't move," he aid. = He asked me nat o move bg) Lets paychon he ile igs pajing cae o ch ow ete se dot” eid sede gs aretin omen Dosa ys mth eye nt “it wren pking ranuie, sepaligtegaizes “hy oo ee of ours ee asd mee ot myo Don't nr he wind Mes Pat = Mir Pit ein ‘her husband to order the wine. 7 “iy gin” id An's ids ccoungigly. = Ams eds country sn Hes" re ei the itn" He sgt ving the caseat the station of He sugested that they/we shoul leave th cane atthe station. He said: “Let's not say anything about anything bout saying nothing about Let the boys car up this mess.” sid the esas. ~The hea ‘master sa that the boys wero cea up te mess, wbgyio 36 obdstgbo of os “She is til at work, ist she? abe sti. ~ He wondered if she was sulla work VodenobogegBb arid oye asAoboghogh agbo: exelam, thank, wish, say ery out in pai, pve an exc horroridisgustidligh eo.» doboweal bu He suggested hat I (should) FOO oA. nfs d= advised io He suggested ot saying{atnseon estes OM Wot, bet Wet zs as i ons Noone aia] "hr se sai tthe sight ofthe syringe. ~ Sb gave an exlamint 3 um ear tion ofborar a he ight a he syringe. ee He said "Thank you!” ~ He thanked me. | thing a te ee. He mi: “Curse the fog!” ~ He cursed the fo He sai: “Good ek!" = He wised me ck, seonsblengtigon 383° peo, | ‘obreregBe aot caw ol tm er tae RI Eee Speech otra eens eee ee + Sse a tem saeHe sid "Happy Chrismas!” = He wished mea happy Christmas. le said “Congratulations” = He congratulated me He sid “Lie!” = He called me lise He sid: “Damn!” = He swore godyoggmzo gombggo Question Tags salsa snntagie Toeasls ote Gemologa: 2neal sae fore Mcgee ogra bones tyota ~ aonlgee ng began tafe BO,radionr Bara DAG Tbs bani pen, in? eso. Ben 5? Aoucaa't avin, an he? hsb 8 egeb Gyan aes? oud’ ser hi you? = 296 grog 6? ‘An ped you did't she? abo epg a? Mary war he was she? = geo gp 9065? You ves ien shone fran ine, ve yu? 796 so tooo ggbty of Dyson, ost Noting wats was ecg oh doin nese, oes het — yo of hg ot ‘An coming row, nthe? ~ as bgoee, rl ‘Aon hs’ gi our TV as she? — ab es gh OF athe chm do yeu?— 396 mis ye asa ol Sie haan exam onorow, dec ate? 8b tone ano sda st "Yu haveneverten arose yor? gb asbvga snares bs taggin, ss? Mon ha bcc g bow bad or? — 136 ass Tagan, of “They wouldve go by a, woke they? ~ ao hoo) aponyeningn foes oe? rejone, veyed, sonstey, someone 8 inpagms6 3384 yoy goulyghn gundesin Sess Thy Tseyucwarel yon dete saps papsyrinheess Ail Letom ~ gong shggibo hse Shall we? 206 Les, shall we? — Fogg, fs? Let meth ete. willwon't you? ‘There are ~ ener’ hee? Thsat sini? desgboom Faboesse989 79 a ghidehen Wil you? Open the door, wll you? goseg Joo Jog? Don't be late, will you? ~ 96 seonggain ogo? se dties6 abide Tate, arent 1? ego (Deon) yr Affirmative Agreement ~ So and Too son9 too Fores obtatgb, ory FaGomsegbs Apyoae bos mast dotmagh Byfeyeeadniee Wpogoooe eee am happy, and ou ar Tam hap, sods are you~ elites to travel, and 0 does she 6 He likes to travel, and she does ho —Asb ggg hostnds yoo bs cpegngg Steook pores and 06 She tok pct a I to BS ss daing gemegeraes laren wl be in Madd nd Yu wl 96 il ben Mati, and so Dil 02 y Boxee 2° Ig6c, 069099, Negative Agreement ~ Neither and Either 1 Foams sdyenoons ss Tylon geaeyee Fetssesee Bac assyeqnn gost, gulngghgio bepygabe aber on her sec3-305 ses Aver Gotomoseoibn on a ead Bogert oy "it see May this morning, and Jobe didnt either oI’ t see Mary this morning. nd neither dl Joh, 44, 8) se ots 406 oe aohobogh ye ‘Shetts' inished her homework, and haven't ithe 6 She hast Pished her homework, and neither aves sb sen ot 36 207sogrtoten WwtesKen geen eet ee oy, won't citer 96 He won't be ere today, and neither wil his ser. 064 ob 9 5 Soka. 9 sesh od ot oghosk BAas6_dnd0, bngbgho Tymgstgdgdo. Aga Seana Commands, requests, suggestions, advice, invitations, 1. Commands - 36assgbs 9 5) tyr, ooo ofjob4oqe0 10 Goo Hr! of ‘Stop! — gehts Den stop! — st ashe Don't movel st sso 3) Letunletsyn antigen dsiobss8o B66 pPsb 5 shorkoge site ‘Lets stand togetier— Aon, ioe soi ets nota about toe, sty Bq goose. Loseadaoge bgacobighBn oblgho Don'lets-ob Fob Don't e's vite him Yo the party - done. ts Fares io Jntintte B6assgBsh gaterbapagh JOBWYernAGeM sche oI OD Ttthem goby tain sean. nif ognegscom Voge Badsbgish soMgoag awbobogea demos yen Mis mal fies "You masta’ smoke here yf of 96 es oo 2 Requests wbergbo Cogent gf boss canlcouldtiwould hfab sinbeaone Can you waitamoment- fom Viqoeen he aegis ‘Could you show me the way? bob bei 336 Can obdomgin hagesastnye obpeeoly 8 Could gy6 eg nbe GOSS 208 Cul see Mr Jones x06b0 fisher? Will Would youplese count your change? -iyoaeo scene hom ‘Shut the dor, wil you? —josin obi ago gwboo6 enbrish seg gstebapegle would you mind + gerund oul you ming closing the doo? Yoosedegn br ogo, Bpsigho ei seobitven? 1 Offers — fof gy99 Bo ggg. emg gs AyoopsYaabob eo BoFgggbsb ghAseenen bees NDBH Would you ike.2 Wil you have? Will youhave adrink?~eogegge gh? Would you ikea coffee? ysgol seseegqe? Would you lke to have daner with me? ~ ginoh genase Pbseosegber? ‘4108 16 bigs’ geabtaegsh abioigho goSleradaeas te Late Do you want meto..? Stall Would you ike me 2 Would you like me to give presentation? ~ goes ty gogo ify? 4. Adee 6999 ‘ihggsh gaderbognale By horadorate mast, ought to, should, had etter, iT were you, why don't you You must ead this book ~ 6 feo Vongnnber gb Fain You'd beter goby taxi Lge, ofhom Vo IFT were you Td buy cary 08 Tyhb sgeyosshy see. Bob ssh cereus Why don't you uke ahalidy? eng Tyg oooh? 5. Suggestions yogobgts ofeseoligh 96% Biogas yPiga Soares te Aone gn WOH QBO 9. Jo Why dont we? How What about...esha we should..? Maybe we sul. Lets got Tom o go with ws Ange, do segetFaFre Bagh Suppose Live. Have you ever thought of..? 96 gmnie Fodor tT eeagea (penenive pronoun) + grind _Mary got ohn to wash the car—Byfni enb gootiggbobs 6 Tugaes that + subject + preset tense fs. suggest that + subject + should He got the door painted —®s6 js6io Ubgsb Ipoxabab. Lets pin it ouselves Age, hah appre Bp Noa got le dress altered ~ Gets ys Ukgsb. goeosagina6o. ‘Shall we nvte Bl? -doaey ogg Have yotodeah gate Zobaboatgexe gabja% sa) se Where shall we mee? —bosegheae? 126 gets ong have eBoy » Brrlghcgie emese- Tvaget your sling ita gagosegsb gmngstonBo ke ‘We suggest tht you should eI Fgh Bol goyras 0% tha, brazen ory agers Uo aes Bghgece logagss gS ‘eo oeyeeo. Ao patil They had tet lawyer change thee wils— Roar sgegmyrh Bee ragged, gorogoso B36 380 ‘She ad er bir eut 236 eg 9 Causative Verbs 6) Thad the window cleaned - go6sigho goqsFFie069 bg ecw {ha/got my passport stolen Asha desBrgh aly Boyes be Reteen teresting Rook tot hate awadaba Doshi ys rho realy aoa bognbe Brag Vion: 6 gcengeaBb ory BUIRROOML. 9 ayers 60 fpheghoep. 96d west yo otal often’ secdbAd6y Let Jerbnhagh ygighn, rg dntofgbo Bhan gol Let oboe to baFoseagol poy asegill Dad let me use his eat — sy se bosngiexs ‘She lets her daughter do what she wants ol msg Jose aM oacath en ns Yap am letng this machine ool 8p ®6js6Sb yrasoseg i He did't etme go Asbo sts a Help — yerbogngo 6oR6ogb feshissghol. Ab Aghegy yer ‘aegis goiacicwn obgohogoge to GoRoeJoo 6 Bab Si She Helped me gt the jb sf. she hed me 0 gt the job nb oighise balbshgtols Ingo re THe rbber made the tel pve him the money ~ Mose Bem soi. songs epee Hg Trade the dishwasher rt oastgoan George madehissonbe quiet nthetheare— to Bobo b Aartseob Doe cone tee ca” : et evbngye ghar espgedings. esese yy ee pugamae tab netngesase MaenscIS%D. owe Ova Bateagb cn ihn bg Ben Do shoo eo, sb Bebe ah Ist dss teeerogn ‘ao Patple Hw 20 21Prefer, Would rather, Would sooner, Would prefer 1. Prefer t dafpreter doin if bso Prefer td 96 preter dag yoSbyeser98 figs ogame Gogh gsbokzbe “letapgbidsl. 1 don't cites. pero ve inthe county 6 I prefer vingin the country ~ 8) 06 Sngges Joenogo > bemasto ubnad gb. bgeam WerdOagBe Ks prefab Tea 1 prefer something f sth ee 1 prefer doing sth to doing sth. ee 1 prefer to do sth rather than (do) sth. else prefer coffe to tea fy yoyo Boihggnw foo prefer eking to swimming ~ 8g bosesdztghon Whooeno ctigginw otal prefer ive in the country rather than (ive) na city Ay Jseesge Gheghaial berger gheryighe Boriggine 2! Would prefer sth. preferywould prefer do Fag6 qhioceshn would prefer ings dntenighs loeb" Leob obn4gBb oatgb a8 ybyogdger Body6GR ses se Would you prefer te or coffe? ~ Coffee plase.—ypqob ogo. ay foot = s3g3h, aaeeeoe Shall we go?” Pd prefrto stay at ome. Rgos? ~ 8p Yoko eos igh 1d prefer to say at home rather than go Ay faba bobo astinhegogh plosspgber pinbos ese ‘We wet by sea but I'd prefer to have gone by ar — Feageecn erggs getgrntagm Volgaze 2yhtagie 3 Weld rather/would sooner would rather-b> 9s would sooner bbisénjyogdb. Boob 2G ats go5Ubgsgo, él would rather gts Botany ob Would rathervould sooner jo6lyyseyjoos gab he Sopateoh Meares Jobson BdghO Bo sbaag bergosose Yabo Bnlesab sopobagoale to &Vowerye, noeney He would rathersooner drink beer than wine Aol, yeggbns moscol seizen gomtig pb. Would you rater have coffee or ex? ~ Coffe, please. ~ ogo bbs, oy foe? = 3095. gpm would rate nt go — ois. 96 Fag Fdrahersayathome than goo the einem Bg60s Vb Ah soya, get gobo Voor. ‘Would rahersoomer+ perfect infiniive—to soseoyoh got aalobogagh Postiger 6e% gabgbsggeegye UyrgmeD ‘We went by ship but I'd ratherseoner have gone By plane fag6 asion Fagen dog ts8 Bye 1 would rather (that) you came tomorrow — Boo, torkameg bgose ‘Se would ater hat) her husband didn't work shard Rob ge, 18 Bobo fisén oegbl 96 iSoereah "would rather at) you did't do tha ty iio, heh gaan.Fobseomegdo The Sentence ssego Ago gf 96 dsikeabodgghods6gnona Uggs. endgevogs esi wosttgo Tons gern Byes ol: oe yookgree, woiskgboon se dabersel. ‘obendane Fobomoegte soedraaua! Beast 28 gece A he nt stident—ob Ish She isn'ta stdent ob se Sen WGC. wbjomo FoboRoegs iy Sean ob Tash t suent?—s6o aedsghonn Foon iosegal_gonsenboneol Sonik a Don't go! Sabre Yoearnste atiah a ahapetgpsls mabaigesk igs.n Aha fine weather! 6 8856 Fobseoegdob Go3g80 Types of Sentences ToGogonad= avastigndgeen eo ego 8 Bos genasemgsen Yotosaeas ascese dovg Sayebebonas apes fo Hystlgbagoy 6 ‘She writes — ob Vb Aossgogo aogtomBomo Fofomomabs suiego6abs ai Tageaeal aeeas Mmosdlsestapyhely jashobey sa Se is wating a leter~ ob Fyfe igh She works in a hospital ah Woogowedigmgyoe ByoeBb (asegiogs) Sheis good swimmer. ty kph he ngs ses yess mt yn Pash dhe nye Sint Aerogioee teen oe eae (Gres ge tion ye ey BogobyGibgor (od gf. = ton shning ily png a eben Fa al jo sn eS sony gh gy le Eno eee wafleyowadye Vobseoegd.s 03380 ‘Types Of Subordinat We nee (An Object Cine) ra (AnAtibutive Claus) gos gga (an Advebial Cl daateadoogmo go8ogoegdysQ0 Yor Bowomgdo The Subject Clauses daPestorgenn galeyoepdiyee Fobomomste. sbégeeatl assadeosh eg Vober oye eigen gogo o6 wha, What, ‘paiesgiome bodarge, 90. Baggenebabgerg isdisapointing that Tom cn'.come - sesso, esl fatagob ob appl Teme tere icin p06 ajo tag aia Poland orget who tld me this y sg gob Babes pPobIpGaeyKo ssdngorgdyseo Fobowo ge "The Predicative Clause ee p Foboeoegbs Bn Sydow f Thisis Why nm here 20, nf go sts 2 QodsHgdom admgogdymo Foboswosegds An Object Clause storia meBngrmadece Fotoneate esiggtol gsbdansl Songs datums (obseoesse gregh aged F aygabose i (al aegis se legaaginb bsigpecgicn 'Shesay har she loves alin food nb sith, es og seco iN Gos: SI6pBob 10 say, 0 el oko, to think-ob ‘TyodexgBs Jog een that 30 goblet: ‘She says she loves Italian fod, 206 BEboregsgion saad goaeyE FoBooregBS ‘The Attributive Clause aabsbgatigton stops Sgsee Folens sbéigeratt aniloeat adel sgafdaosh oo Fobssoseisdn Teo yoy Bom pgagion gh yegongBone bapyagten nksoypoars Geggoeetstgzeate: whe, whom, whose, whic, that > aug ‘hor hen, her, wh. many o hao es 9 She eeived kt of preset for her bitay. Mos of which were fomber mip A autogia eavingth hn tafe thos. éedgeosgs6 Badabo Gsfoseo abe "Tha Type gokdotem whe, whom which Sogamie, Aiged that o6 ekteeipe fladal yeas ‘Shei gl whofta gota very ge mark 9h ob 39, eye ag doer gs6go abo dose. When (aéinel abobgis), Where (oxgoseab ‘at? Why Gdgbot Lorie) 1095 was the year (whet) nse acho 1995 seo ob Fagg feng 19 barnes a99s80996. That's place (whee) we went at week se, hong Fab Fabs Jgoriob apyogon. ‘Thats the reason (why) I moved house ~ 90, gh seb ho, Mogg aseeage” oboe babe, ab stb ob sego-aotgingbone sodngoeabgee FoboreoRa89 “rhe Adverbial Clause sera antigtegtonn esto gd gece Fofoeabo Causes of time refinab godine sete og nhs Ty tren, everytime, medi ‘re than, since, the sooner, smsofabbagtge. Gt wr oborosegPon 96 ohileghy wll Tl ook dinner as son a I've Gnished washing up. ( soon wil finish). Possess Fob sh 56. Fo ings manok. gorgingtons dn yom Boe Fokonssegds obdoaghe Mnogato. Fa a igh 6. haem. Tosestge: 'By the ime he ave, she ad et She ad If bythe tie e rived. fing ot Bongos ob 3580 rrives'lgvethe children heiress ob Bors Sb mepaae Thernoment have fa, give you acll- 6g ston “We knew that ill hearived nothing would be done fg css, 218 Gra shone ses asysosryecogn Bob Berbgentheg Paeine when you get back seo, ngs sede Imhen e6inol pogo Joosb ober ae: Tailletyou know when Thave some more newly Zygor 309 pas aa shore oBogls wisi. when ee know when, {doubt when ‘Whe wil we have the esl? ~ ogo adh soa? Whe wil be wan get in? srs yge Angora? Toner when he will come? hontiigtighem, rea fey ob? [at hnow when he wll ome 2 5¢ gage,ereoh ngs ab Theoner we sa the sooner we willbe there eo 6m Age ase doo 60 Boag ge 0 aggaqal gatigingbome sednyereizso FoBsmorego (Clauses of place: sseyseub gocgngbom sete seas Potion 9B scabs pegs where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere et, Stil follow him whereverhegoes—ob samerasb sala b las Toa lige would 96 ok@seigs ssegoseal garghoer ssBnge Rai Tibomsnegboe rere Jen pes she gis no rouble—bomags rao oe somo Meiegigbo IAG.Aobgbob gatiflrgiom —seoBesoeabaseo Toboreoead9 Clauses of reason and cause Aotgtat ga6gingion sete goeagee FoSoesgBolo gale omg ewig. am because, foro the grounds that, the et ‘on for, the reason (why), since, because of, on account of, owing 1 duet, asa rest of bob gosggbone sen yregisee obsess Isabel Bh greg: “Why? Bagi? “The lights were canceled Hecaae of bad weather conitons — ie obo gales Gee sdofgeb gd. "We dda’ el him about the darage to his car atbecauselsine we Anew he would be ary 6 AsTbecauselsince we knew he would be a ‘By, we didn tel him about the damage to his ear ~ eo fgg6 DRgrI0 8 ob gadestyegbrs, 6 gyMbation obo B6foe Tot geaboobgiob ybsbe. “The light were cance de to ba weather conditions ~ gob aonges te debe gdh. "They dnt goto the beach becase oon account ofthe bd weather babe dscodteg 26 Fogoe636 GR? sGq0b aan ving to adn ‘wing tothe lack of interest, the meeting hasbeen cancelled ~ of Gatabob Goyeegiodob gaer Tpkageso. gradi AyeagBoo podegongryero Foborgong> ‘Clauses of result and cause geagrbon rede oeage Fahowosegho de gsterogg 6B JAI ‘sigh sonach. that Subjest + 50+ adjectivenaverd + that abject F verb ‘The uitcase iso heay that Ian barly cary it isles ol Bdge coal Bf ‘The stdent had behaved so bally that he was dismissed from the cine teaa oka cm Ao Go selans® gt ‘Subject + verb V20 + many/ew + plural countable noun that subject + ver ‘They had so many children thatthe formed hi own football tam oo tho Byer apse, age oe 120 BoBrsgosentah Subject + verb} 9 + machitle + now-countable noun + that + subject + verb He basinvested so much money nthe project that he can abandon it now 86 oBegio sibs Boer 8 eGo, Ge hens sb git open abject + verb + nach ¥a(a) + adjective + singular coutable n+ thatwas wc hot dy that we decided to stay indors—obg bg 120, God gah bobo seo6gio goseasaa eas such an interesting bok hat he couldn't pu it down — ob sober Feo subject > verb euch 7 adjective + paral count ble noun + that + subject» verb -Hehas sch long fingers that he should play the piano — Asbo gee mero fal, Gril aabobevtg here sateen wae sch dificult homework hat Ica 80 ogo Ietaboe mensaBe: gr ee ef Mal Gob gotmaone adn gosto Fogo: auses of purpose tse cotawoutd (pat | He employed a detective 0 at be “Tey started sing up wit» ve] ying er trees) {ergten the ppeatines, {mene Post ast reference) | He took tre in eae there was eh este (resent tuture reference) otha ~ could would (past Feterenee) Ter feared wig ‘Tey pt on thee Jakes Toren hey might drown. for fear oth doing th Fe et his money inthe hoe prevent = nouniprenoun > om) =) ng form ‘ing fom setting Randndone woAn oR yE0 Fobomoregeo Clauses of Concession a see Fogg To galenggighs yh although though, eventhough, even if mo mat aihoughveven heaghihough + caus ‘Although it spowed beavily. be care foie meeting — rs dager 16 ges. ob Argos Tghegee ‘Despite spite of nounng form Despite is ile sing il be went oe party ss dnd ot egies. Forage Vastaeeaboo Tm spite of he fact that be was i, he went to the pay= worked hard, et e failed mee the dado. chs lots of experience, however he didn't tthe job. "No mater ow hard te, [coulda Hit the Bx, djvady. + thought subject > verb (may Phare Ia] lever hough Be, is arin ease fil the cxam Mach though I may want, cant afford holiday his year. Soya wape Pop ene ae ee a nal ine eel Raha eel edokt parce aneierates Linking Words oo piss eee to ee eae eRe = Sorgen iam ares = a — eaten betta = = rs at ata oa Sas EE hans = ecg thn | soa - eS seeeal ‘Satta et “ay ‘Svinte | | Sako arFoBoseosegsob Fagtgd0 Parts of The Sentence Fotorgsegiob doogotin Fagan: duaeaeg (The Subject) eo Ayfobigegeo (The Predictive) Votan oesinogeteo Fagegbos: geBofgbs (The Object), gosto (The Atibute) o> gosigghs (The Adverbial Mod- ‘er daoeadoeg Peat Voxel dosgsto Fagin Seiyeaeg gb ab bogobb go BrgagBl yomkgstog Who? What? Jageoeg Randeagdo rab 1. align Ushgeeoe The suns sinning i? 60093. 2. fogaecbolgeon: eis docoe— Soo. 2 foghgone taba Thee ism favourite number -bsBe Flo boggotgene Macha 4. ehayiatoge Tosmoke ia bal habit—Bovfggs sae 5. gatiaiseo Cacti sang is my bboy Aso yess ele ens aomies bagecRbndyhgeeeinsbo dagAegBseobs sebghe@h stsliseaar@yoyeeninstn Jyeghoeg, geting, BBMEaY anbotggiurg6e ss pin6e Fobomomgbgbo. mbobsg6qoy6o Fobose m8 Existential sentences ~ There is/There are aplgyigos Therein There are obdbsiads a6, owes) dedi a bagin ofibgbodab 36 96 lB wesbolly oatseon. 21“There is piano inthe comer of the room — mnskab gama dnoSotin, ‘Ther ae not many people on te bus 36 6 stall gta barb 3os6os60 s qBorer Fob«erse9290 Personal and Impersonal sentences Sosionbo Fobsxeregdab Jagheadsegs s6lgBone bobgmee, Sscgsrebshgsee, degbgone babgsen, obipGopoge ga 0 FeO ogo oxbvboch Innabotabls bobadh. Ghabath ‘She isa teacher ob sb igacogt giao idotin Spisteh fecha Basal Bobo eV aRab ose. Bgbyhab BrgaegiDM, we dong Terns Fil is summer —boahegee0s ‘FpAbIg6 gO ‘The Predicative, ByAsbaysgaeo stab FofowowsBob Angsoo Fags, ey Salata dadeegtons elegy Legh Bsk.ob degesaegetat seo Jabghodl yorbaty: ale aigeg8U eo Sea setinath daieaintah gst, se Got ns They are doctors ~ aba 2: a Ingeeegtin Silas sTomcagch getty "You must doitnow ana gh obseo ifs gonjgrmren 4. g6stigicn By (Group Veo Predicaive) Igegghs Gt dont signees baigepligaS ales horlsSgoas6 Mowetingy sash oyna so ger SVS, Soleo She es care other children ol gg soBoGgd> The Object ergs sfogds Foor 204 Bob Joerg 280 ogsbl 6 Joe, epee sg agp gaeotal Doseads. egw Anggongal yoorbyy By yok? 69? wo oak? Tm writing afener~2y Tyo a6 What am Tweing sb aig! odo ss8sQg80 Fabs InFhgeads ote 26 ghyBo. ‘She wrote me a eter ~ ah Yi obo weg Fob giyBh dgendo6 ses2oggbste Fobreadaecos6o waBGgde eeo~pb, Hr gE gPonog oben, Foleo Be cde weeds egret, Bega. Booorbergh 10 Fe Tarte letter herd dol Fiees Byes ons 1 sere (of pace) \ Sam went to the cinema — io gob eens (of time) i Shehad abithdy sendy Al gg wedsePob wD OFS 3. bb (of purpse) estopped io buy a newspaper ol fats astgmn Sei aps. 4. dot hob (of cause) She oul’ pss the exam because she hasnt studio hard — 206 gg Mastots gsBonyes, dose’ ynéigos 94 bfogsens. gomotgol (of manne) I Tom ype wel po6babegeado ‘The Attribute pabisticgeghs FoksromgBel ob Tygéns, deseo, gabe loregeogb daphegtorgh, sgeRepgtsb sb sélighooe bsbgetog aokrbagiaee ansgingil. ogo AoggraRdh wOgIDG Seyret ‘ibe? dengan? Sey? anbbobagigts gndeobodgbs Lvgsebotionge lisbgeron A donut dress — esis Bo. 2. Boggeaebohgew0e is frends ob BgyB6 go 2. énghyowr bab Fourche ewrbo yoo. 4. oBtgieoo bs This Sate University ndoxzobol Why on 5S. sAiglaan Ushyseon ggmfasnoor Bein6gs0 96 Boba skaraos My mothering eget en Theringof my mother west gen 6 doiegooe Broken window ~ godghosee ceetenste He was the frst mano arrive — ob oy S06 Gedgeog. dogs. 8 pablstagigione esnyoeaigse Fofoacgon The book whch 1 bought yestrday i very interesting ~ Fook asco, Ba a6 soap, dost soBBghens. podigngo Adverbiat modifiers stave Balsa bogygoo Fades Word Building oy nay bogey ra oF nb, been on 1 ab msi sn wa sAighon tabgeens Fasiegbs ) sAgbann baby Byodeeghe ago BSG ge so Fg eAego:eflejuonm Lebpengien mas sti, how Totariogo stihyloo haben afs6lng eoglotion Bosoladingtel 5 labgecgiob sega godgdos ilngA who ossBs6o4 to pay ggmob garesbas to cmploy ~wnocroagd coeery employee —Arabsbigsy toreadFayonhgs reading yookgs payee aasgob dikegbo poten tu Voie Tn gen tern ie fost se seglbls gunigpee se lg ga 20to meet —Iybgaets to-work- Bybee to direct - base feo toteach — bfogea8s toarive-fsdnbgers to annoy todisappesr jspfobse gs toeducate— gafomsegiol Boggs to organise 650 tw obey — getetogess toamuze gotonds leaeties “gimesurigs tw improve goxi>xeghghs toforgive— Sogo 10 priate - BsfosegeBol to decide gossFsgds to save ~posstigos foray — aoa toplease “gaborighs, BoGrghs to discover gs to break ~ 96g estes ah ae Seer etait ‘mae oe hatte Seated pice ees ae cata oat ares sae bain Bs Soe oon el ae pone eae ti tor See pontnabe mar eee ones eee rarer 2. varndbodn, ritegag Syebosmoge Lobganosss of egBb seligeor tshygegsl 960 “ane; ation; ey; emee:y: Vaghssinge tobe ‘Adjective real 6yser360 impaceat — Bergeron aggresive —sp6gbor 22 sibgdone bobgee ‘Now reatian = gnege¥Bo Importance egress — 969 vate — gyn secur — gh Afferent gabbhgssp%yee0 Independent - eer g500 popular —enienseraee0 tafe — jhagéinber tative adgeyte Aisha aero ones asgifn Prva somn accuracy —boahia diferencias Independesce seolergyoebaeba populaity—anitgegarnde responsibilty light icerbe happiness dgebogigh sadness Besieged reat — ga, erg death goete genes ‘depth — ext safety — ghorgtinbrgh acsiiy —s4pnges Aiicly babe honesty aagaeiighs| 2 agedade, Godkegag, slgbona tobgeegBones ses ye Assign tobegioes6 oFosng8g6 sebion lhe, séabs = ood, -dom,-ship, st ‘child toglge Pau aay neighbour Bergeon Xing 8993 friend —Aggndseo tad ty real 6goe2960

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