CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

The Internet Evolution changes the way people get information

today. With regards to communicating, sharing, speed, storage, and

even retrieval of information in whatever form notwithstanding the

person’s location. Through the internet, a number of web

technologies emerge today, and one of those technology that is

making waves concerning the sharing of information and

communicating are the Social Media Networks. The evolution of

Social Media encompasses the whole facets of society with its

positive and negative impact. Social Media transform and impacted

the communication, learning, research, and education on general.

Among the vast variety of online tools which are available for

communication, social networking sites (SNS) have become the most

modern and attractive tools for connecting people throughout the

world (Aghazamani, 2010).

Social media plays an imperious role in people’s lives around

the world. There are some people who debate whether social media

is improving or crippling the communication skills. Young people

nowadays uses social media to engage in various content and even

express themselves not only for socializing, making friends and

leisure but also in public issues, immerses in the world’s problem

and topics of interest. People who have life with the social media

doesn’t always realize that they are losing their connection with

the real world. As every individual can see, people care about

their reputation online rather than their life in reality.

When it comes to education, social media plays a variety of

roles as highlighted by Al-Khalifa and Garcia (2013), which include

providing a media to share ideas as well as allowing students to

build their own communities to collaborate with each other,

facilitating the art of learning and reaching out to the students

in order to understand and teach them at the same time. Internet

is used for educational purpose by a large community but

unfortunately there are a large community including majority of

youth and teenagers who use internet only for social networking

sites (Boyd, 2006). According to Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2010)

social network websites grab attention of the students and then

diverts it towards non-educational and inappropriate actions

including useless chatting. On the basis of the above statement we

can say that social networking sites may badly affect the academic

life and learning experiences of the student. Whereas on the other

hand, Liccardi et al (2007) reviewed that the students are socially

connected with each other for sharing their daily learning

experiences and do conversation on several topics.

 Academic excellence also plays an important role in an

individual placement, whether this is regarding for their academic

institutions or job placement. Because of this, many individuals

are trying to look for ways to enhance their capability in their

academic achievement. Academic performance which is not only

measure by the examination result but also in actively performing

and participating in class recitations, oral and written outputs.

A direct relationship exist between academic performance of

a student and the usage of social media. However, the darker side

of this situation results in dilemmas where students overlook the

real values of life. Social media is said to be the pathway of

interacting, building, and reflecting among people who share the

same interests and activities. With the growing number of social

media displayed on the internet, students are tempted to abandon

their homework and reading time just to chat with their cyber

friends.

Exploring the effect of social media in a student’s academic

performance is necessary in order to provide solutions that can

easily make them avoid the situation where there is a struggling

of time between social media and studies. As Kuppuswamy and Shankar

(2010) explained that social media is totally grabbing the full

attention and concentration of a student and divert it to a non-

sense, non-educational, unethical, and inappropriate actions such

as useless chatting. Students and teenagers mostly use the internet

for time killing and sake of enjoyment but there is a situation

where internet can really a great help for students in educational

purposes like online lectures, online tutorials and even

educational material downloading. It can be a great source of

information but it can also be dangerous to the students’ health.

There are lot of studies conducted in finding out the impact

of social media in the academic performance of a student. According

to Ahn (2011) “Social Networking Sites (SNS) provide a platform

for the youth to participate in communities that help them to

learn, and practice skills within a particular knowledge area”.

21st Century changes how Senior High School students live

today because of the birth of technology. Social Media is one of

the reason why some students can’t focus on their academic

performance. They indulge themselves in Social Media that

sometimes it becomes sort of their addiction. A Senior High School

students who used Social Media, he/she opens his/her account daily

to check on new updates and spends hours checking. Until he/she

realizes he/she has more important things to do like school works.

In order to prove that social can be an addiction but also can

help them, the researchers will conduct a survey to test whether

social media can be a hindrance to a good performance in school.

This study aims to explore how social media affects the study

habits of Senior High School students. To be specific, the

objectives of this study is to determine the impact of Social media

in the Academic Performance of the Senior High School students in

Pag-asa National High School whether this is positively or

adversely.

Theoretical Framework

Bandura’s Social Learning Theory postulates that people learn

from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. The

theory has often been called a bridge between behaviorist and

cognitive learning theories because it encompasses attention,

memory, and motivation.

According to Social Learning Theory or SLT, there are three

elements which includes individual learners, peers and situations

possibly affects the individuals learning outcomes. Ainin et al

(2015) states that the Social Learning theory “basically explains

how the environmental and cognitive components collaborate to

affect an individual learning and behavior pattern”. “Social

learning theory views learning as a social process that individuals

will self-initiate, regulate learning and actively construct

knowledge by acquiring, generating, and structuring information”

(Yu et al., 2010).

In relation to the SLT as stated by Bandura, the use of the

social networks of individual or students with friends (peers) on

various social network platforms (situations) affect his or her

academic performance (learning outcomes). This is supported by

Ainin et al (2015), who “emphasized that individuals' cognition

and behavior are influenced through observation and interacting

with peers and the situations (e.g., learning the environmental

norms, cultures, policies). It is the individuals' interaction

with the environment that causes their behavioral consequences”.

Therefore, individual interaction with peers, social support from

peers and their understanding of situations are important factors

which affect individual learning outcome. When students interact

with peers on social media platforms through observations,

interactions and other activities, these may result in a behavioral

outcome which might affect the academic performance positively or

negatively.

Also, the gratification theory holds that people are

responsible for choosing a particular media to meet their needs.

That media in turn compete with other information sources for

viewers' gratification. Therefore, the academic performance of

students is as a result of the competition between social media

network participation and academic work. This implies that the

amount of time invested participating on social media could affect

the time allocated for studies by students and this could affect

their learning outcome as a result.

Statement of the Problem

The rapid improvement of social media has had a great impact

on how people communicate today. Also, the growing dimension of

the use of social media among the students of today cannot be

emphasized. The use of social media of the students can influence

their academic performance positively or adversely. Many parents

and guardians are worried of their students who are spending too

much of their time in social media and doesn’t have enough time to

study. Although, lots of parents are feeling this way, many

students continue to utilize social media on a daily basis. This

research is being conducted to ascertain the impact of social media

usage of the students on their academic performance.

This study is undertaken to answer the following:

1. What are the negative and positive impacts of Social Media

in the academic performance of Senior High School students?

2. What kind of information do high school students seek in the

Social Media?

3. What other purpose apart from communication do students use

social media for?

4. Is social media used by students to improve their academic

performance?
HYPOTHESES

1. Is there a relationship between time spent on Social Media

and in Academic Performance of Students?

2. Is there a relationship between the use of social media and

excellent academic performance?

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Social Media

affects the academic performance of a student using a quantitative

research. In specific terms, this study aims to:

1. Identify what are the positive and negative impact of Social

Media on the Academic Performance of students;

2. Ascertain how often Senior High School students uses Social

Media.

3. Locate what kind of information does Senior High School

students get from Social Media; and

4. Determine what are the other purposes of Social Media in the

Academic Performance of Senior High School students.

Significance of the Study

The research is based on determining the impact of Social

Media in the Academic Performance of Senior High School Students

positively or adversely. This study aims to explain the importance

of the proper usage of Social Media. It also aims to locate and

explore the positive and negative impacts of Social Media to the

academic performance of Senior High School students. In order to

provide much help, this study would like to give enlightenment to

the said phenomena. The researchers would like to provide, through

this research, informations about the impact of these Social Media

to students that would hopefully lead to realization of their own

standing in terms of Social Media addiction.

Findings to this study will serve as a great help for the

following:

Students. They will learn how Social Media affects their study

habits and also for them to realize to lessen the use of Social

Media.

Parents. They will understand one of the important issues regarding

of their students and also, they will become aware of the risk or

the advantage of using social media by their students.

Teachers. They will become aware of how Social Media affects their

students’ performance in their class and they can help their

students to effectively overcome such bad habits.

Researchers. Aside from completing one of their requirements in

passing, they will also understand how Social Media affects their

study habits. And also, they will become aware to lessen the use

of Social Media.

Future researchers. This will help them as a basis or one of their

related studies.
Scope and Limitations of the Study

This research will cover Senior High School students in Pag-

asa National High School. It will focus on Social Media which

includes Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, etc. this study

will be getting datas and informations from students that have

capabilities in acquiring technological devices such as laptops,

ipads, and even smartphones.

The main purpose of the study is to provide information

regarding the positive and negative impacts of Social Media in the

Academic Performance of a Senior High School Students. The study

considers the student’s personal information such as their name

(optional) gender, and age.

The researchers limits the study to 80 students from senior

high school, notwithstanding of their gender. Each of the

respondents was given a questionnaire to answer. The students

selected came from different sections to avoid prejudice of their

perceptions.

This study is limited to Senior High School Students. This

will be conducted in the month of August 2017 and will end before

September 2017.