Mitochondria review

Gwen Childs

Mitochondrial structure
Identify the
regions in a
mitochondrion

What systems
are found in
each region?

1
 How are mitochondria organized to be
powerhouses?
Sugars

Amino Pyruvate
Acids
Acetyl Kreb’s cycle
Fatty Co-A
acids

Glucose converted to pyruvate

by glycolysis. (Produces only
two molecules of ATP). CO2
Pyruvate carried into matrix
and converted to
Acetyl Co-A, forming CO2

How are mitochondria organized to be

powerhouses?
Sugars

Amino Pyruvate
Acids
Acetyl Kreb’s cycle
Fatty Co-A
acids
Acetyl Co-A joins with
oxaloacetic acid and
thus begins the Kreb’s
cycle CO2

Products of Kreb’s cycle? Electrons (H+ ions) + CO2

2
 Electron Transport chain on NADH and FADH2
Cristae membrane from Kreb’s cycle

Cristae
e-
Passes electron e- to
Electron transport chain
H+
Inner
Matrix As electron is passed
H+ down, the complexes pump
membrane H+ out of matrix
H+
ADP + Pi
ATP H+
synthase ATP

Large electrochemical proton

Outer gradient drives ATP synthase
membrane to convert ADP to ATP

Electron transport chain

Intermembrane space: e- transport chain sets up
H+ gradient nH+
nH+ nH+
Cytochrome C

NADH
Dehydrogenase Cytochrome
complex Oxidase
Inner complex
membrane
e- B-C1 complex
ubiquinone

NADH NAD
+ H+
Matrix Negative charges

3
 H+ H+ H+ ATP synthase
H+ H+
nH+

F0 Inner
Membrane

Matrix
ADP + Pi
nH+ F1
Elementary
ATP Particle
(F0, F1 particle)

Mitochondrial DNA

4
 Prepare proteins for entry!

Protein uncoils
Coiled protein
ATP ADP

chaperone

Positive charges
Signal peptide + help protein move
positive charges through General
Import Pore

Mitochondrial
replication

5
 Protein binds
to receptor

Signal
peptide

Outer membrane
Receptors (TOM) TOM
guides GIP

inner membrane TIM

Hydrogen ions pumped across Inner Protein is

membrane by electron transport dragged through
chain pore, attracted by negative charge