Name: …………………………………… General Chemistry II

Homework #6 Key
1. Calculate the pH of solutions prepared by:
a. Dissolving 0.20 g of sodium hydroxide in water to give 100.0 mL of solution
b. Dissolving 1.26 g of pure nitric acid in water to give 0.500 L of solution
c. Dilluting 40.0 mL of 0.075 M Ba(OH)2 to a volume of 300.0 mL
d. Mixing equal volumes of 0.20 M HCl and 0.50 M HNO3 (Assume that volumes are additive.)
0.20 1 1014 1014
a. [OH  ]   0.05M  [H  ]    2  1013 M  pH = 12.7
40 0.100 [OH  ] 0.05
1.26 1
b. [ H  ]   0.04M  pH = 1.4
63 0.5
6  103
c. nOH- = 0.04×0.075×2 = 6×10-3 mol  [OH  ]   0.02M
0.3
1014 1014
[H  ]    5 1013 M  pH = 12.3
[OH  ] 0.02
d. V = 0.5 + 0.5 = 1 L
nH+ = 0.5×0.20 + 0.5×0.50 = 0.35 mol  [H+] = 0.35 M  pH = 0.45
2. Hippuric acid (HC9H8NO3), found in horse urine, has pKa = 3.62. Calculate the pH and percent
dissociation of 0.100 M hippuric acid.
HA + H2O H3O+ + A-
Initial (M) 0.100 ~0 0
Change (M) -x +x +x
Equillibrium (0.100-x) x x
x2 x2
 K a  103.62   (x<<0.100)  x = 4.89×10-3  pH = 2.31
(0.100  x) (0.100)
percent dissociation  = (4.89×10-3)/0.100 = 0.0489 = 4.89%
3. Calculate the pH and the concentrations of H2SO3, HSO3-, SO32-, H3O+, and OH- in 0.025 M H2SO3
(Ka1 = 1.5 × 10-2; Ka2 = 6.3 × 10-8).
H2SO3 + H2O H3O+ + HSO3- (1)
HSO3- + H2O H3O+ + SO32- (2)
(1) is the main equilibrium (Ka1 >> Ka2), most [H3O+] is created from (1). [H3O+] = x
H2SO3 + H2O H3O+ + HSO3- (1)
Initial (M) 0.025 ~0 0
Change (M) -x +x +x
Equillibrium (0.025-x) x x
[ H 3O  ][ HSO3 ] x2
K a1    1.5  10 2  x2 + 1.5×10-2x – 3.75×10-4 = 0  x = 0.013
[ H 2 SO3 ] 0.025  x
 [H3O+] = [HSO3-] = 0.013 M; pH = 1.9
[ H 3O  ][SO32  ] 0.013[ SO32  ]
Ka 2  
  6.3 108  [SO32-] = 6.3×10-8 M
[ HSO3 ] 0.013
[H2SO3] = 0.025 – 0.013 = 0.012 M
[OH-] = 10-14/0.013 = 7.7×10-13 M
4. A buffer is made using 45.0 mL of 0.750 M HC3H5O2 (Ka = 1.310-5) and 55.0 mL of 0.700 M
NaC3H5O2. What volume of 0.10 M NaOH must be added to change the pH of the original buffer
solution by 2.5%?
Name: …………………………………… General Chemistry II

5. A student dissolves 0.0100 mol of an unknown weak base in 100.0 mL water and titrates the solution
with 0.100 M HNO3. After 40.0 mL of 0.100 M HNO3 was added, the pH of the resulting solution
was 8.00. Calculate the Kb value for the weak base.
Mol H+ added = 0.0400 L × 0.100 mol/L = 0.00400 mol H+
Let B = weak base
Name: …………………………………… General Chemistry II
After the H+ reacts to completion, we have a buffer solution. Using the HendersonHasselbalch
equation:

For a conjugate acid-base pair, pKa + pKb = 14.00, so:

pKb = 14.00 – 7.82 = 6.18; Kb = 10 − 6.18 = 6.6 × 10−7
6. Will a precipitate of Cd(OH)2 form if 1.0 mL of 1.0 M Cd(NO3)2 is added to 1.0 L of 5.0 M NH3?
Cd2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq) Cd(NH3)42+(aq) K = 1.0 x 107
Cd(OH)2(s) Cd2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) Ksp = 5.9 x 10-15
mmol Cd2+ present initially = (1.0 mmol/mL)(1.0 mL) = 1.0 mmol Cd2+
We first caculate the equilibrium Cd2+ concentration using the complex ion equilibrium and then
determine if this Cd2+ concentration is large enough to cause precipitation of Cd(OH)2(s).

x = [Cd2+] = 1.6 × 10−13 M; assumptions good. This is the maximum [Cd2+] possible.
In 5.0 M NH3 we can calculate the OH- concentration:

y = [OH−] = 9.5 × 10−3 M; assumptions good.

We now calculate the value of the solubility quotient, Q: