Muhammad Farid Muttaqin
161724016
Summarizing Task
Tittle : Transition to renewable energy and sustainable energy development in Azerbaijan
Author : Nurtaj Vidadili, Elchin Suleymanov, Cihan Bulut, Ceyhun Mahmudlu
Source : www.elsevier.com
Renewable energy develop globally for the
new model which can guarantee an energy resources
for future generation. Climate change and energy
crisis being an important issue in 1990s, all country
commit to reduce growing emission caused by result
of non-renewable energy used. Unsustainable
pattern of energy production in any country affect
ecosystem and contribute to climate change.
Renewable Energy (RE) are central to a transition to a
sustainable future. RE can make deep cuts on fossil
fuel use because RE can more efficient than fossil fuel.
Recently, all countries focused on their
renewable energy potential. The tendency is not only
caused by environmental requirements but also with
economic demand. And Azerbaijan does too.
Azerbaijan is located in West of Asia. Oil is the main
contributor of its economy and that’s why the recent
drove of oil prices negatively affected this country as
well. Transition to a renewable energy under the
under condition of dominant oil is a challenging
Azerbaijan based on its economy depend on fossil
fuel.
The range of the sustainable development
takes into consideration concern the environmental,
social and economic besides. Definition of sustainable
energy given as the production, conservation and use
of energy sources for ecological balances. The
important targets for the sustainable energy view
point should be : Low or zero emission of carbon
dioxide; No necessary ecological harmful impact;
Reducing the cost of the energy production.
Sustainable development heighten
economically and environmentally in the long time
growth of the country. To sustain energy
convenience, finding alternative sources of energy is
crucial. With the purpose to development renewable
energy, Azerbaijan has joined international
negotiations on developing energy efficiency. In
terms of institutional engagements, Azerbaijan joined
the international agreements for legislation on
Energy Efficiency activities.
Global warming and long-term climate
change are real. There have regularly been affected in
the world’s atmosphere, determined by changes in
the sun’s emissions and by volcanic activity on earth.
A closer look at the data indicates the temperature
increase in Azerbaijan through 1961-1990 years (0.34
o
C) compared to 1991-2004 (0.41 oC). Besides, annual
temperature increase is predicted to be 1.50-1.60 oC
during 2021-2050. The significant increase of
temperature caused by increase of precipitation and
humidity.
Energy and industrial sectors are the critical
generators of CO2 emissions in Azerbaijan. Burning
fuel in the energy production, oil and gas extraction,
produce CO2 emissions which indirectly damaged the
ozone layer in the atmosphere. With the purpose of
reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency,
Azerbaijan government drafted the State Program on
the Use of Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources
(SAARES) in 2004. To make the issue much clear,
Azerbaijan has ratified and become a party to the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) and adopted the Kyoto Protocol as
international standard.
The main target of Energy policy in
Azerbaijan is to provide and guarantee energy
security of the country. Azerbaijan has faced different
challenges due to changing of the oil price in the
world markets. This situation pushes Azerbaijan to
have more energy for internal markets and suitable
environment for exportation. From the data,
Azerbaijan owns quite significant amount of energy
potential in renewable energy. But, renewable energy
in Azerbaijan isn’t optimally used. This happened
Muhammad Farid Muttaqin
161724016
because in the production, renewable energy
resources occupy only 0.5% compare to oil and gas.
Azerbaijan’s energy policy relies on securing
energy independence in the long term. The president
of Azerbaijan ratified the document “Azerbaijan 2020
: A Look into the Future” a development concept
projected to provide a vision for the new stage of the
country’s development at the end of 2012. The
document targets construction of a diverse, efficient
and innovative economy. In order to enhance the
national strategy in renewable energies, Azerbaijan
adopted following targets in 20130 : 20% share of RES
in total energy sector; 20% progress energy
efficiency; 20% reduction of emissions.
government has adopted number of regulations for
the increase of attractiveness of renewable energy
marker in Azerbaijan. With all of this, the transition
from fossil fuel to sustainable energy development
based on renewable energy becomes obligatory.
In the end, it can be concluded that recent
development in the world and especially in Azerbaijan
has increased the potential of the use of renewable
energy sources in this country. Azerbaijan will face
real advantage to transit renewable energy. But wih
great commit from Azerbaijan government, it is
possible to make renewable energy sources as a main
sources in general consumption of this country.

Current data validates the assumption that

Azerbaijan is rich with RES such as solar, wind
geothermal, hydro and biomass energy. Two of them,
solar and energy sources is an excellent sources in
Azerbaijan. Due to its geographical location,
Azerbaijan is one of the luckiest countries in terms of
solar energy potential. The climate condition of the
country gives great opportunities for production of
electric and heat energy using solar power. The solar
power that comes down to earth total 1500-2000
kWh/m2 in Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan stands up very well
in comparison with other countries.

In comparison with other energy resources,

wind energy is the most need renewable energy
sources in Azerbaijan due to its excessive perspective
for an application of wind power facilities. Azerbaijan
Republic owns around 800 MW annual wind power
capacities. In several part of Azerbaijan, the annual
average speed of wind is 3-8 m/s. The 6 m/s average
speed of two wind fans can produce 1.75 MW in
current engagement of the country in wind-energy
power generations. The other renewable energy
sources such as Hydrogen and Biomass also can
produce energy but not much as solar or wind
production in Azerbaijan.

Azerbaijan has great potential in terms of

renewable energy resources especially in wind and
solar energy. By using these renewable energy
sources, Azerbaijan can meet their own energy needs,
grow in energy economy and keep the environment
by decreasing emissions. Recently, Azerbaijan