A VISIT REPORT ON

RANI AVANTI BAI SAGAR(BARGI) DAM

HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PLANT

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 4th SEM

PREPARED BY:

DEEPALI SINGH BAGHEL

Roll no.-0201EE161020

JABALPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

JEC,GOKALPUR JABALPUR
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I feel pleasure in expressing my propounded regards and deep sense of

gratitude to our H.O.D. MR.A.K. SHARMA sir for giving me a opportunity
to the visit. And seeing the real Entities which combines together for the
operation of a power plant .

I would like to thanks MR. NISHEET SONI Sir and MR. VIVEKANAND sir
for the guidance and support and I would like to thanks MR. LAKSHMI sir
(the member of hydro power plant) for supporting and giving his time in
explaining the differs parts of hydro power plant.

Last but not the least I would like to thanks for their unfailing support and
encouragement.
 INTRODUCTION

Rani Avanti Bai Lodhi sagar project is major multipurpose project across
near Narmada river ,near village barge in jabalpur Madhya Pradesh.
Project was started in 1971 and dam and rive bed house was completed
in year 1998. Project comprises construction of a 69.5m high and 5360m
long composite gravity dam.
The power house was build with 110 MW capacity two units of 45 MW
each installed capacity and another two of 2 of 10 MW each.
Power generation has stared at RBPIT with 90 MW installed capacity .it is
a dam toe based power station .net maximum and minimum head 57/32m.

HISTORY OF HYDROPOWER

Humans have been harnessing water to perform work for thousands of

years. The Greeks used water wheels for grinding wheat into flour more
than 2,000 years ago. Besides grinding flour, the power of the water was
used to saw wood and power textile mills and manufacturing plants.

For more than a century, the technology for using falling water to create
hydroelectricity has existed. The evolution of the modern hydropower
turbine began in the mid-1700s when a French hydraulic and military
engineer, Bernard Forest de Bélidor wrote Architecture Hydraulic. In this
four volumes work, he described using a vertical-axis versus a horizontal-
axis machine.
During the 1700s and 1800s, water turbine development continued.
In 1880, a brush arc light dynamo driven by a water turbine was used to
provide theatre and storefront lighting in Grand Rapids, Michigan; and in
1881, a brush dynamo connected to a turbine in a flour mill provided street
lighting at Niagara Falls, New York. These two projects used direct-
current technology. Alternating current is used today. That breakthrough
came when the electric generator was coupled to the turbine, which
resulted in the world's, and the United States', first hydroelectric plant
located in Appleton, Wisconsin, in 1882.

HYDROELECTRIC POWER / HYDROELECTRICITY

Hydro means "water". So, hydropower is "water power" and hydroelectric

power is electricity generated using water power. Potential energy (or the
"stored" energy in a reservoir) becomes kinetic (or moving energy). This
is changed to mechanical energy in a power plant, which is then turned
into electrical energy. Hydroelectric power is a renewable resource.

In an impoundment facility (see below), water is stored behind a dam in

a reservoir. In the dam is a water intake. This is a narrow opening to a
tunnel called a penstock. Water pressure (from the weight of the water
and gravity) forces the water through the penstock and onto the blades of
a turbine. A turbine is similar to the blades of a child's pinwheel. But
instead of breath making the pinwheel turn, the moving water pushes the
blades and turns the turbine. The turbine spins because of the force of the
water. The turbine is connected to an electrical generator inside the
powerhouse. The generator produces electricity that travels over long-
distance power lines to homes and businesses. The entire process is
called hydroelectricity.
 LAYOUT OF HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS

Hydroelectric power plants convert the hydraulic potential energy

from water into electrical energy. Such plants are suitable were water with
suitable head are available. The layout covered in this article is just a
simple one and only cover the important parts of hydroelectric plant. The
different parts of a hydroelectric power plant are

(1) Dam-

Dams are structures built over rivers to stop the water flow and form
a Reservoir. The reservoir stores the water flowing down the river. This
water is diverted to turbines in power stations. The dams collect water
during the rainy season and stores it, thus allowing for a steady flow
through the turbines throughout the year. Dams are also used for
controlling floods and irrigation.

The dams should be water-tight and should be able to withstand the

pressure exerted by the water on it. There are different types of dams
such as arch dams, gravity dams and buttress dams. The height of water
in the dam is called head race.
 (2) Spillway –

A spillway as the name suggests could be called as a way for spilling of

water from dams. It is used to provide for the release of flood water from
a dam. It is used to prevent over toping of the dams which could result in
damage or failure of dams. Spillways could be controlled type or
uncontrolled type. The uncontrolled types start releasing water upon
water rising above a particular level. But in case of the controlled type,
regulation of flow is possible.

(3) Penstock and Tunnel –

Penstocks are pipes of diameter 5m which carry water from the reservoir
to the turbines inside power station. They are usually made of steel and
are equipped with gate systems.Water under high pressure flows through
the penstock. A tunnel serves the same purpose as a penstock. It is used
when an obstruction is present between the dam and power station such
as a mountain.
 (4) Surge Tank –

Surge tanks are tanks connected to the water conductor system. It serves
the purpose of reducing water hammering in pipes which can
cause damage to pipes. The sudden surges of water in penstock is taken
by the surge tank, and when the water requirements increase, it supplies
the collected water thereby regulating water flow and pressure inside the
penstock.

(5) Power Station –

Power station contains a turbine coupled to a 3 phase synchronous

generator made by bhel India. The water brought to the power station
rotates the vanes of the 2 turbines with speed 166.7 rpm producing
torque and rotation of turbines shaft. This rotational torque is transferred
to the generator and is converted into electricity. The used water is
released through the tail race. The difference between head race and tail
race is called gross head and by subtracting the frictional losses we get
the net head available to the turbine for generation of electricity.
 WORKING

The water from the dam comes to the turbines through the pen-stroke. As
the kinetic energy of the water falls on the blades of turbine it Starts
rotating which makes the shaft rotates which is coupled between turbine
and makes the shaft rotates which is Coupled between turbine and
generators . This way the mechanical energy is converted to electrical
energy which is further stepped up for the transmission. And the water
after falling on blades goes to river through tailrace.
 CONCLUSION
The rani Avanti Bai Lodhi sagar project was the first major project across
the Narmada river . Total installed capacity in working today is 90 MW .
The supply is given to JBP-1, JBP-2, and lakhandwa the generation
current is 2400-2500 Amp. It requires an auxiliary auto transformer of
11KW . Per day generation is 216000KW with 4 hour per day operation
and its’s generation depends on demand as the demand increases it’s
generation increases. It has 36 electric and magnetic poles around the
generators .

MY EXPERIENCE OF VISIT
It was a good and interesting experience for me . Practical and real world
Entities are more easy and more knowledgeable than the text book
knowledge it is very different than our imagination which we mades during
studies from books . It explores my mind made me think in a new way the
things we are going to study further . It explains my doubts regarding to
the project more clearly and helps in boosting my knowledge . I wish we
will go for more visits in different places where new and advanced
techniques are used which will help us in future .

THANK-YOU