IN THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL, PRINCIPAL BENCH,

AT NEW DELHI
ORIGINAL APPLICATION NO. 273 OF 2016

IN THE MtXTTER OF:

Sbri Raman APPLICANT
VERSUS
Union of India & Ors RESPONDENTS
INDEX- Volume -II

S.No. Particulars Page No.

1. ANNEXURE A/I- True copy of order dated
19,.05.2016 ofthis Hon'ble Tribunal in O.A.
273/2016
2. ANNEXURE A/2 -True copy of order dated
26.05.2016 of this Hon 'ble Tribunal in O.A.
273/2016
3. ANNEXURE A/3 - TrL1e copy of the
Government Order appointing the Applicant as
a member of the Monitoring Committee
4. ANNEXURE A/4- True copy of the
1
I reconstitution ofTT7 Authority- Notification-
dated 30.04.2003
1 - - - - - - - + - - - - - ----- - ·-- ------ ------- -- - --- . - ------------+------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
5. ANNEXURE A/5- Truecopy of the
notification issued by Central Pollution Control
Board dated 03.05.1983 declaring Air Pollution
Protection Areas
~---~~----~----------~----~---------+---------------
6. ANNEXURE A/6 -True :copy of the map
delineating the rrz area
7. ANNEXURE A/7- True copy of the data by
CPCB of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Data l 0\ ~J.-
1---------f---of 4 Monitor~~g5_t_~jons~_~gra _______________________________ _
8. ANNEXURE A/S- Summary of major · ·

----9-. ----J----~-e-~_iN_s__i~--~--~J~\~"1/~ ~f?,~~~,~~ti,;T;\;~n<lli~e- -1 )'1~ - ~':' +_ -

I issued by the Utt~H
Pradesh Pollution Control
1
J· o 5·-- 21 0
Board to the Agra Cantonment Board dated
21.03.2016 along with the officially translated·
copy -------------------------------- ______ -----~-----------
I 0. ANNEXUR_E All 0- List of nallas in the cis ;2 \\ - ..) \ t),-
__l_t_ma reg1c~_n__
t--"-"_ _---t_Y_a_n _ I --
ll. ANNEXUR_E A/II - List of nallas in the trans c_ 1
Yamuna region -----------------~-'· 21 ::; "",~Cj_
12. ANNEXUR~ A/12- List of tapped and :l_ ~ {)·-t:""J-d. \
untapped drams ----1---------------J
13. ANNEXURE A/13- True copy of the article
published by the American Chemical Society I :)Jd....
r }-7.-(;

on "The Discolour~!l9n ~f!:!H~ T_.a_.j__j_M_al_la_l_c_lu_e_t_o--'----------_j

 particulate Carbon and Dust Deposition"
14. ANNEXUHE A/14- True copy oftheReport
by the Department Related Parliamentary
Standing Committee on Science and
o(J:r-:- 2..45
Technology, Environment and Forest on £./fccts
of Pollution on Taj,_____
'-~
2015
_._ --·---- - - - -·---- --
-~-----
i
15. ANNEXURE A/I 5-- True copy of the final
report on tomprehensive Environmental ~fh~ 254-
Management Plan 12repared by NEERI

DHA WN & FILED BY:

SANJA Y UPADHYA Y, DIVYA SHARMA~ UPAMA BHAT~,~~)

A;RJEE
&EL SHN
. .
. ADVOCATES FOR THE APPLICANT
29, PRESIDENTIAL EST ATE
NIZAMUDDIN EAST, NEW DELHI -110013
eisha@eldfindia.com; 9717725306
 I
BEFORE THE NATIONAL·GREEN TRIBUNAL,
. , ,

. PRINCIPAL BENCH, .NJi;W DELHI

Original Application No~ 273/2016

Raman Vs. UOI & Ors.

CORAM: HON'BLE M;R. JUSTICE U .D. SALVI, JUDICIAL MEMBER

HON'BLE M'R. RANJAN CHATTERJEE, EXPERT MEMBER

Present: Applicant :Mr. Sanjay Upadhyay, Mr. Vyon, Ms. Eisha

Krishan, Advs.

Date and Orders of the Tribunal

Remarks
Item No. 04
May, 19 Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the
2016
applicant seeks time to place the facts revealing the

occurrence of Cause c.f Action and amend the Limitation

Clause in the application accordingly. Time granted.

List this matter on 26.05.2016 .

... : ...................................... ,JM

(U.D. Salvi)

.......................................... ,EM
(Ranjan Chatterjee)
 BEFORE THE NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL,
PRINCIPAL BENCH, NEW DELHI

Original Application No. 273 of 2016

Raman Vs Union of India & Ors.

CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE U.D. SALVI, JUDICIAl. MEMBER

HON'BLE MR. RANJAN CHATTERJEE, EXPERT MEMBER
Present: Applicant :Ms. Divya Sharma, Mr. Raghuvanshi, Ms. Eisha,
Advs.

Date and Orders of the Tribunal

Remarks
Item No. 02
May 26,
2016 Heard. Perus~d.
.
The applicant has placed on .record the amended

application. However, we do not find the necessary

factual contents which would portray accr:ual of fresh

.
and distinct cause of action amounting_.to recurring

cause of action.

Learned Counsel appearing on behalf of the

p..pplicant seeks time to. make necessary amendments.

List.this matter.on 08TH July, 2016 .

............... , ............................ ,JM

(U. D. Salvi)

.......................................... ,EM
(Ranjan Chatterjee)

I !

~--_j_ -------·--·------------J
I

~
 No. 199/9-5-2000-1 writ/9o
Lucknow dt. 19.0 l .2000

Office Memo

In pursuance of the directions of the Hon'hlc Suprenie Cou~t in Writ Petition No.
426/1992 titled Shri D. K. Joshi V/s Chief Secretary, State of U.P. and others, the
Hon'ble Supreme Court while disposing the writ finally for supply of drinking
water, sewerage and disposal of solid waste in compliance with the directions of·
Hon'ble Supreme Court, the following monitoring committee· is being formed:-

l. Com111issioner, AQra
..._ Division. ;\(lrll
..._ Chairman
2. District Magistrate, Agra Member
~'

3. Chief Medical Officer, Agra Member

4. Representati~e of u.'P.·
Pollution C~ntrol Hoard Member
5. Superintending Engineer, Yamuna .
Acti.on Plan,
·. .
U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra Member
6. Shri D. K. Joshi, Representative of citizens committee Member
7. Shri Raman, Social worker Member
2. The committee will perform the following functions:-

a) The <:~ vementioned committee shall be authorized to take assistance from

any person, whenever it so deems necessary.
b)The committee shall ensure that the report presented by NEERI is implemented at
the earliest.
c) The committee shall meet once in every 2 months and shall consider the
work of the last i months and shall prepare the work plan for the coming 2 months.
d) The committee shall examine the amount spent in every project.
<?

e) As and when the need arises. the committee may seek the assistance ofNEERI.
f) If the committee considers that any action is required to be taken against any
officer or department of state government the committee :viii send along with its
recommendati0ns to state Government on which action will be taken as required
under law
g) The team constituted by District Magistrate. Agra in pursuance of orders issued
under I.A. Nr ,hall present its reports before the monitoring committee with regard
to the action· taken by the team on the.choking of sewer lines. tlow of drainage. pipe
line leakage because of which certain houses have cracked and issue directions.

·-Sd-
..... Mishra
Secretary
No. 1991/1 /Nau-5-2000 of date.
Copy forwarded to f~llowing for information and necessary action:-
!. P.A. to Chief Secretary
2. Principal Secretary,. Environment Department
3. Chief Secretary, Irrigation Department
4. Commissioner, '\gra Division. Agra
 5. . __ , rid :V1a!.;istrate, Agra
6. Chief Meci: . :.. 1 Officer, Agra
7. Director, Nr;:ERl, Nehru Road, Nagpur-A40020
8. U.P. pollution Control Board, Pickup Bhawai1, Gomati Nag'ar, Lucknow
9. Managing Director, U.P. Jal Nigam, Lucknow
I 0. Chief Engineer, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra
1
11. Superintending Eng ineer, Yamuna Action Plan. Agra
12. General Ma.nager, Jalkal Vibhag, Agra
13. Mukhya Nagar Adhikari, Agra
14. Shri D. K. Joshi, C/o D.M .. Agra
15. Shri Raman, Social Worker C/o D.M., Agra
16.Shri R. C. Verma, Advocate on Record, 50, Lawyers Chamber, Supreme Court, New
Delhi
17. Ganga Cell

Ry order

-Sd-
(R.S. Tripathi)
Joint Secretary
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A~x MAl A:/~.
TA.J TRA PEZIU l\1 ZOJ\E POLLlJTIO:\
\PREVENTION AND CONTROL) AUTHORITY
ltj~
1

THE 1\11!\ISTRY OF F:;'II\JRO~\JF~T & FORESTS

ORDER

New Delhi, the ."lO'h ,\rril, 200~

S.O. 489(E).- In exercise of the powers conferred h) sub-section (I) and (.\) of section 3 of the
Environment (Protection), 'let, J·98o (29 ·ofl986) (her,einafter refem:d to as the said Act) and in
supersession of the order of tlie Government. of India in the Ministry of Fnvironmcnt & Pore~t.'. numher
S.0.350(E), dated 17th May, I 999. excq1t ilS things clone or orni!!ed to he done hcf'ore :'ttcll supersc~.,ion.
the Central Government hereby re-constitutes the lai Trapezium Zone Pollution (Prevention and Control)
Authority (hereinafter referred to as the Authority), consisting· of the following persons. for a period of
two years with effect from the date of publication of ti11S Official Gat:ettc. namely-

I. Principc,. Secretary/Secretary. Fnvironment Cha1rrnan

Department, Ciovernment of Ullar Prnde.'>h
2. Commissioner. Agra D1visioi1 Vice Chiltrman
3. Deputy ;..:ctor General of Pol tee, Agra Range
1
Member
4. Member s,:cretary, Central Pollution Control B"ard \!!em her
5. A representative of the Mtnistry of Fm m>nmcnt & · 11.1 em her
Forests
6. A representative of the Ministry of Pctrnlcttm and Memhn
Natural Gas
A representative of the Archeological Survey of India Member
8. Municipal Commissioner. i\gr:1 Member
I

9. District Magistrate, Agra Member

10. Virc l"hainniln. ;\gr:l lkvelnJ'Illcnt ·\ trthnril\
II. Member Secretary, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board Member
12. A representative of Sccretan·. Fnvirwn11ent. 11.1~mhL·r
Government of Rajasthan
13. District Mar;istratc, Bharatpur. Rajasthan Memher
14. Deputy !nspcctor Cieneral of Police. Bharatpm Range Mc11nher
15. Deputy Chief Wild Life Warden. hharatpur Birds Memhcr
Sanctuary .
16. Senctary, Urhan Improvement Tn1st. Bharatpm 1\lcmhcr
17. SupcrintcnJing Mining l~ngllleer. Department of Member
Mines, Bharatpur
18. Member S.::cretary. Uttar Pradesh Pollutinn Control r\ 1ember-Com en or
Board

2. The geographical limits of the Ta.1 Tr~pe1iurn !one (sec ,\nncxurc) is defined in the sh:1pe of a.
trapezoid between 26° 45:N & 7i' 15'E to 2i'45'N & 77" 15'E in the West of the Taj Mahal and in the
East of Taj Mahal between 27° OO'N & 7R 0 30'E to 27° JO'N & 78" 30'E, lying in the Agra Division of
Uttar Pradesh anc' .e Bharatpur Division of the State of Rajasthan.

3.The Authority shall, within the geographical bmits'of Agr~1 Division and Aharatpur Division and the Ta.i
Trapezium Zon;; ir . 1· ·States of Uttar Pradesh and R:lJasrhan respectively. have the power to--
~ ' ' .
( i) monitor the progress of it:nplementation ;,f ~·arious schemes for protection of the Taj
Mahal and programmes for protection and imprnv\?mt~nt 0f the environment in Tnj
Trapuiurn zone; ·
( i i) exercise powers under section :' of the said ;\ct;
(iii) take all necessary steps to ensure compliance ol specified CJTJissioil standards hy motor
vehicles and ensuring compliance of fuel qual:ity standards;
 1.\) deal \Vith am ~11\ir·onn•cnt<JI !.';sue ,,h:ch m;l\ f,c referred,,, ri hy the; c'T1i.ral (;,l\\.:rlli11CI~l
cr the St:1te (lnvernrnc~lt~ (,f' Uttar Pr:Hlcsh and Rarasthan rei<Jtrng to the Tai I r;rpc.!ium
?one.'

4. The forgoing powers and iunct:ons of the Autlwrrty shall he subJect to the overall suren r:,ion and
control of the Central Government.

5. The Authority .. uri .be authorized t0 excrci~c the pm,cr!' under scctron llJ of the said Act.

6. The Authority f'lay co-opt exrerts for facilitating the work assigning to it.
'r

7. The Authority shall furnish zr rerort about it~ ~Jcti\itil:' at least once in two months to the Central
Government in tht: •v1inistry of Environment~ Forl.'sts.

R. The Authority 8hall ha\(e its headqua~ter at Agra in the Stzrtc pft)ttar Pr:1dcsh.

[ F.No.Z-200 18/1/99-CPA)
C.VISHWANATH, JT. SECY.
 f1 nne;. t.vt e ff) ~
\ q( :Jt'

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
D.O. No. 6/11/78 EVN.VEL . .IV

Dr. T.N. Khashoo Department of Environment

Secretary Bikaner House, Shahjahan Rd,New Delhi.
May, 3 1983

My Dear Shri Khosala,

I am to inform you that the prime Minister has stressed that no indus~ry with any
pollution potential should be allowed in Agra-Mathura Region. A Geographical Zone
around Taj Mahal (A Trapezium bounded by longitudes 77° 15' E or the West 78° 30' E
or the East and lines joining latitudes 27° 45 to 27' N on the south), Where no polluting
Industries should be permitted, was identified and notified officially to all concerned
~4Tnistries/Department of Central and State Governments (UP/Rajasthan) earlier, As
such. it is requested that you may kindly ensure that no industry with pollution potential
is allowed in the demarcated area.

With Kind Regard!:;,

Sri R.J. Khosala

Chief Secretary,
Government of Uttar Pradesh,
Lucknow U.P.
A77 YJ e.1-~~y e A(&-
\qb (\
 Station wise annual average AAQM Data- ofpollutants at 04 CPCB Monitoring Stations in
AGRA .

Monitoring
Stations-> Tajmahal Etmad-ud-daulah

Parameters-. I I i
r---Y_ea_r_s..J..-'----r---SO-=-z--+-N_o_~=--t PM10 SPM I so2 N0 2 PM10 SPM

r---~~~~_!__r--~-')--t---=-~~=---'t-:_--_:-~:__:::c:__~-+-i-_--_;:_:1~:_::-~:__-_·-+~-+--r-~;
2004 5 18 133 309 6 2b
1 ~ :;_ r--;-
179 519
1
2005 9 22 147 JOn 10 25 186 417
2006 6 22 u1 :no 7 24 214 401
2007 6 23 167 296 5 27 203 377
2008 7 22 167 304 7 29 213 381
2009 6 20 157 334 5 25 ' 186 428
2010 5 20 167. 333 4 23 183 419
2011 4 20 149 290 4 24 166 413
2012 5 18 178 332 4 22 183 422
2013 4 17
153 275 . 4. 23 ' 174 352
2014 4 152
]')I 277 f 21 lCJ() 340
f-----""-"---:_::_---+-----+---- --+----t-----------+-------+------l-------+-----
11

2015 4 lb i 166 2lJK 4 i 25 186 348

Monitoring
Stations-> Rambagh Nunhai

Parameters->
Years..J, SOz PM10 SPM NOz PM10 SPM
2002 5 27 175 467 5 33 234 675
2003 4 22 184 46~ 4 34 267 614
2004 t) 23 198 541 34 279 675
2005 8 25 185 390 11 34 268 607
2006 7 25 278 431 7 34 306 637
2007 5 25 1 203 439 274 5
584 37
2008 5 25 173 407 216 514
6 :18
~~--t--~--+----t--~-+----~--~---1
2009 5 25 lbO 427 5 36 255 662
2010 4 25 157 398 5 34 246 530
2011 4 25 160 374 5 34 205 501
2012 4 25 180 416 5 34 238 554
2013 4. 25 181 . 338 5 35 227 472
2014 I . 5 • 24 175 341 . 5 33 212
1------------t------t----- --- --- ---~ - - - - - - - r------~-- -------+-----+--------
441
2015 4 26 167 I 339 · · · 4 . 34 212 434
Note: all values are in 1Jg/m 3
Annual Average Standard: SOz: 20 J..~g/m\ N0 2 : 3o 1Jg/m3 , RSPM (PMlO): 60 1Jg/m 3
 fJnnt~tLie flj ~

7()
Taj Trapezium Zone Authority
I qk
1\Iajor Decisions Taken & Action Taken

!_)ate ~J_alo_r- Decisions tak;ll_=~~-=------- __ ; Ac_!ion_T~~{'Il_

27.05.2000 I To_examinc the feasibility of using LPG _based generators: W.R.r_ ~upplying of piped gas to colonies. _Dy. Manager GAIL i
whJCh can be used m the households and ofhccs. mformed that they do not haw such mandate !rom the Mmrstry .and 1

i To rniew all the projects under the Taj Protection Mission it \\OulJ J:l)l be feasible. - i
I RTO alon2 with SP (Citv) to submit a Traffic mana2ement W.R.T. tr• installation of ETP in colonies. Chief Manager. .Tal Nigam
I ~Jan. L- - - L infi.mn.:d that it is not feasible. Detailed report from thief Manager I
I. r empos to mstall scnJbber~ SPught I
I \V.R.T. h) the installation of water qualit~ momtoring stations. the 1

RO. L:rrcB infixmed that the station is_ not required at Pinhat '
bccwse v. atcr is relatively clean and at Ciokul a manual system is :
funct ic·na I and \\ atcr testing is done at regular
--~-.-~----------"'-"--
-·-· ---------- -----------
intt.T\ als.
··------------------------------1

~9.07 .2000 Issue of auction of parking facilities by Nagar Nigam \\as \\-.R.T th: Mathura Vrindavan Water Supply it was decided that
discussed. To cunstitutc a committee under the chairmanship . Ml\1B be requested to sanction Phase III of the Mathura Vrindavan
of the collector. with the MNA. S.P. City arid RTO. To Water Supply Project:
examine alternative methods to collect parking fees. - W.R.I to wllcction of parking fee from moving \Chicles it was
Only 18 out of -BO Vikram tempo have installed scrubbers_ decided that a committee he constituted m order to curb such a
August 31" :woo has been ti.xcd as the deadline for ensuring : practKe.
compliance failing \\hich permits \\ill be canccHed. · \V.R.T to supply of CNG it was decided to request the GAIL
Auto-rickshaws with catalytic convertors shall·have an age. authorities to make <lvailable CNG at the two petrol pumps near the
limit oC 10 years in the city . i Mathura refinery. ,
Motor vehicle to obtam pollutron free certificates. ! W.R.T to rollution, it was decided that the RTO shall form mobile !
I RO, UPP£B was directed to fonnulate :1 proposal to establish I anti-pollution sql'Jds with pollution testing kits. ! -
I -automatic ambient air qu~.iity mo'litoring st?;.ion at Taj : W.R.T ambient ~ir q,.ality monitoring sta!ion at Ta. Clflal

I - Mahal. . I; Regional Officer of UP PCB was directed to fonnulate a proposal for

28.09.2000 t····~·· The R.M., UPSRTC placed proposals to relocate Bijlighar

and Idgah in Transport Nagar, NH-2.
1
October I 5 h 2000 is the deadline. __j___
its establishment.
J----~---~---- --~-------
Only 40 out of 425 Yikram tempo have installed scrubbers. I All otTicer~; implementing the TTZ projects \vere directed to attend
the 11_~-~~tm~_!b~t the _progress of the projects could be reviewed in 1
s
.,

New registration of autos arc done only if they hm c catalytic
coin erter and are kss than I 0 years.
The RTO agra informed that No city buses older than 8 year~
are allo\\ed to ply.
RTO was directed to launch a drive to check illegal plying of
_ll\~_---.':lg£Q__aJ_l<_!__un_-_r(?_g_i_g~£~-em~p_o_s._ _~ +-----------------~--------
! j ~-12.2000 RTO was directed to expedite the process of identification :
and 1ssuance of stickers to the vehicles for the purposes of i
regulation of traffic around the Taj in the context of 500 mt !
regulated zone around the said monument.
GAIL was directed to establish CNG supply stations at
Ramhagh and at Mathura by February, 200 I.
TTZA directed all the petrol pumps in Agra City to instail Tl ..
dispensers before March 200 I.
Decision \\as taken that all manufacturers of Petha \\Ould not '
use coal 1 cokeiwood as an energy source in the P<:tha .: ·
pn)duct ion_
[ 26.03.200 I The Authority decided that the enforcement of the restriction
of automobiles within the 500 metre radius should be :
implemented immediately.
It was decided to take up the matter of establishment of CN(j i
retail outlets with the Ministry of Petroleum and the Ministf)
of Enviroiunent.
08.06.2001 5(YJ stickers have been issued for the purposes of traffic .
man~:gement witn1n 500mts radius of Taj, on the basis ef i
which the vehicles would be allowed ingress and egress i~to
the regulated zone.
The AGM, GAIL was directed to ensure that the retail outlets
be established at the earliest. It was also decided to take up .
the matter with the Ministry of Petroleum and Ministry. ;_1
c:
'ff
~
~ 1·1c1
detail.
A commillee comprising of GM, GAIL and the RTO Agra and RTO
Aligarh were directed to study the proposal for implementation of
CNG for automobiles and report to the Authority. RTO Agra was
held to be the convener of this committee.
_________________ _
Authority noted with concern the slow pace of installation
scrubbers in the Vikram tempos because of unavailability in the local
rnark_et. RTO \Vas directed to organize a camp in which suppliers od
i scrubbers of SIL make should be present with sufficient stock and
ensure ~hat all Vikrarn Tempos are installed \\ ith scrubbers. or their
.. penn its be cancelled.
,
- -----~
The AGM (iAJL was directed to ensure that the retail outlets be 1
establi~;hed at the earliest. l
RTO Agra was directed to set in touch with officers of the SIL and to
1
organise a camp bet\veen l5 h April to JO'h April for the installation
of scrubbe1 s.
RTO Agra \\a:; directed that age limit noons of vehicles should be /
strictly enforced and that every month camps be organised to 1
examiiie the vehicles and issue a PUC certificate.
RTO Agra was directed th< · ''?e lim: norms should be strictly-
enforced and that every montl-1 . _nps l;~ 1rg~1nized to examine the
vehicles and issue a PUC certificate.
~ - -- - - - ____j
 I ~

T--- RTO informed that total number diesel tempos in Agra City
~
are 300 and about 59 ofthem ha\e installed scrubbers.
A petha nagri has been established in th~: Kalindi Vihar I
sch~:me of the Agra Development Authoritv \\here the Petha •
Units have to be ~elocated. The Authorit\. directed the MNA. 'I
Nagar Nigam and the Vice-Chainn;m. Agra Den:lopmcnt i
/\uthority to jointly convene a meeting in April (lf the Petha :
I
manufacturers and resolves the outstanding ISSues so that / I

·---~- 1
_:. ____y,eir.relocation m~be ensured at tl~e_e;lrl_i~S!:- _ _ __.L_ -·-~---~
.li.12.200Ji - The issue of unauthorised ven-ding near the \\estnn parking I Directions wen: giYen to the Vice Chainnan. Agra Dn e lopment 1

/ \\as discussed. ~ . Authority to prepare a Fuel Plan for the City. I

: It \\as decided to pursue the matter of e5tahlishing CNCi RTO Agra \\as imce agam strictly directed to enforce age limits j
I retail outlets with the MoP&NG and pre~'- fnr the early norms for vehicles.
installation of CNG Station: !
It was decided that the RTO would tl.Jmish the list of the I I
•

1 authoris~:d centres to the DM. The DJ\1 \\as n:qucstL'd to set ;

I
1

i the centres veri fled. . · I

i
1

I ' lt \\as decided that the RTO and the \1NA \\ ould jointlv i
i assess the economic impact of the tJsc J.P(i in placl' :)r co;! I
I I

I I . '
i
II To6.20Ci2l -- ~~~~tf:-~-~i::~~~i~n and.decisions~-~Jv~-;r~J~d -~;;;;-lgt-----~~~~~~;~ dire:ted th-at-~1<;-~ehi~k will-h;;--gi;e-;;-·a ~--~ ---"-~----!
Pll( · cc11ificate /
I stickers to vehicles around 500 metre radius of laj Mahal 1 ·without actually conducting a pollution test.

r .- «!!~ ,;,~ ~ ~;
and to ree.ulate the emission from tern os.
-1-0 I· . ;e,ctcd !haltl~c i; .;;~ I;;;;;;-r,;, th~ ;nstallat ;on ,;;-- ,~r.ilihers !
i

r
() 7 0 I .2 O!>:l- eh ;des hy provj d;n g st; c - - -- - ] I . ";;;;- d
· ~-- To increase the PUC centres in order to check emJSSJon ~ should not be extended again and again. /1

levels. ·
I io.o~ '2003 ~- To regulate vehicles by-providing stick;;r~------ ·------- It '.va~ din·,:-:d that-the RTO~~mplete the-pr~ces;,=-·of reg-;:;G:i;;~
1

To increase the PUC centres in order to check emission v<.:hic. !es alf .. -d 5UO n .etre raidus of Taj Mahal by providing slickers
I levels. -~-~- __ _ . immediately. - - - - - - - - . - .~-~-~ - - - - - - - - · - - - - - - - - - - - i
118.08.2003
To prohib]t the entry of heavy vehicles on the road aside

I Yamuna Bank

.
L_ To remove obstructions in the roads for vehicles
 c!Jb}rtr
V)
To decide on the transport companies situated on the road at
I
the Bank of-Yamuna river I
-·-·--- -~ +---- ~-~ -~
. •6.0'7.200-l To prohibit any diesel tempo on the roads
To increase the centres of Pollution Under Control (PUC)
-~
I centres
-·--------- ------ ---·-- -----~-------- ·--~--- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~-~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------~-----~-~~-------· __ _____J

•(108 200." : Direction was gi' en to 1mplemcnt the prohibition of plying It was directed that the names of the senior citi?ens amongst those to i
-
ofhean vehicles one the road alongside RiYer
~ .
Yamuna. whom the stickers arc allotted be recorded in a separ<He list.
- DirectioAs were giwn that the in viev. of protection to the This Jist is to be verified by the Police Superintendent.
Taj Mahal construction '' ork of alternative route and •
management of\ chil·les within the area of 500mts rrnist be :
completed within 3 months.
Direction were given to transfer the petha units tn petha
nagari \\ ith one month and ADA to co-mplete \\ork on supply i
_____ <if'Yaterl_t>thc_~tha n_~gtJ_r~_ · ·
::1 03 2()()(). The Mahajan Committee rep,)rt '~ill be implemented Encroa.-hmcnt done by Jagdamha Degree College on the project site
L --
of J{__<~rnt~g~ \\_a~ rerTic:!~.t:<!~b)~lJ~cl!l:'_ adJIJi nistrati_on,_ pol ic.£:_ ~-----~j
i ;:" .08.200() Meeting took place in Bharathpur. Rajasthai1 for the first It was unanimou~ly decided by the TTZ Authority lhat Regional
time. · Authority of the UP Pollution Control Board be made a co-:member
To advise the Rl 0 to cut the road. tax '' hich. . is bcine le\ icJ I•
~
so as to ensure tht? implementation of the directions of the TTZ
to the buses run o1i batter: especially around 500 metre 1 Authm ity.
- -~----

2.12.2006 ---~~~u:~t;t~t~J~~~s~~~~i!~ldllecisi;-~~ ~en)JY.ed ;r~~~d i;,~ing ) The authority requested the District Head to ensure that the shifting
stickers to vehic Jes around 500 rnetre radius of T aj M aha! : of Shoe M:mufacturing Plants be shifted to another~ location within a
and to regulate the ef11~i~i_oJ_"~Jrom tel!J£_\1~.:__ ___ ~-- ----· !!JOT!!_~---------·-~·- ·---- __________
I
---~-
1

~ 8.07.200-; ~- To conduct fitness test for tempos which are being run using
diesel.
To check vehicles as to whether they have i. ·t<!lkd ~,,~,Jbbers ;
in them or not so as to reduce the emission:;.
To also check pollution levels of veh!cle~, in the TTZ area as !
--'-"~·ell as areas around Mathura and Bharatpur.
11.04.2008 RTO, Agra Development Authority should collect I
information from Transport Companies.
Environment Division is to collect infonnation in or~
The authority requested the UP Pollution Contro~ Board and the
Yamuna Pollution Control Unit_ to conduct all necessary activities to
avoid pollution in the Yamuna Diver
i
-L . --------·------
I j

{'-'
 ¥
~ f0V
~-----------
analyse the data ofpollutJon emitted by heavy vehicles.
The District Magistrate and Police may a~sist the appropriate [
authorities in collectJPn of data. !
lI
-· . .. . . .... - - - - -·- - - - -·- . - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - -··· .-·· - -- - -- I

15.1 1.2008 fhat -Regi~nal Ofticn. l'f> PollutiPn Pre~ t:nti~;:;-J3~;~d, ~\gra f Jt ''a~~ Ji~ect~d
the mo\Cment of vehicles on the banks ofYamuna l
has to be made co-nlnrdinator to the TTZ Authority so that Rin'r (especiallv hea,·y \chicles) be reduced.
this Board can soh L' the l·nmplaints raised regarding the TT7
I
I
---~rca._ __ ~--- ___ ·-------~ -~~------~'-- --~- - - - - - - - - · - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _______c _
T[le Distnct Magistrate \\as asked to close down a rcp~m garage nea~
--- --- --~. ·--- --. 'r

20.05.2009 - It \\as decided that the repa1r garatrc \\hich releases a lot gf -
effluents into the rl\ er t~e closed dtm n. the Jap1ahal '' hJCh em lis a lot of pollutiOn \\ hde rep;mmg the ,
The District Mag:i<.;tLJtc "a~ asked to close down this garagt: \ eh1cle~. f

at the~arhesL~- _ ___ ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ r _____ ------·· __ _ _ - - - - - - - - ~ ------ _j

30.0 I .20 I 0 rhe Authority requc~ted the Dlstnct t-.1agistratc to i~sue ! The Authnnt} requested the Dlstnct Magistrate to intimate t() the I
1

orders to dose dO\\ n ;II I Lent res'' herein coal is being sold. 1 Traffic Police tn disallrm any whicle to enter into the city of Agra j.
It was decided that the 'L'hicles entering the city especially which i> b.:ing run using coal as a fuel. /
j
-----~----

12.052010
those· that are hein12 run nn coal be re~ulatcd.
XD~t (City) \\~~ 7ol~l Ill r~~~:~)J1SIJC;the rro~;;~ ~)(~hilling I -- .. ---- --- ---------------- - ·--·-- ~-- 1:
the_Petha~ntGtp_adc,irab_lclo_l-'~0on.______ ___ _ -j ··---- --:---. _·
01.07.2010 That .the stickers should nllt be gi,en to anyone but only to 1 l
those who stay <.md \\ork \\ithin the 500 metre radius of 1 . 1
,

TajMahal. r 1

The appropriate authPrities \\tTl' asked to investigate the I I

availability of land in the transport nagar ~u that the road can / ·
be widened in ordl'"r to facilitate the transport of more I I
IitGi 20161--- ~~Z 1~.~~:~:~:~"'~':7~:'j~, c~z;.~j~;'~,~~.~~~~;~~~~; hCoghi ~-·· .. - - .---· --· --- .. ---------~-----·---- ----·- - --~1
l / · enter into the areas where there is high congestion. j

I Appropriate author1tic~ '.'wre directed to follow the model I I

I used by Kamat3ka ''her.:_~'. a ruober c.heck dam was built in I -
~- ____ order to consen·e ram wat~_r._____ -------~--- .----j
1 J 0.01.20 II It was decided that the rain water harvesting work be done by
the Central Groundwater Board or any other agency
_ · approved by the aforem_entioned Board .
1 3 0.04.201 ~ The stickers issued arc directed _!~~~ulated in ?!, time to A committee was constituted in order to review the issue of

of.'
 -~ y
Zj/0 j,£J J> ~r
\ I
time basis electropl2ting using torrent power.
I
I The heavy vehicles moment \\as told to be checked by the !
appropriate authorities especially near the roads adjoining the i i
i
L
111.05.2011
_J_ banks of Yamuna River
. '
i,
·-:------~----t-----·
The chamnan and members ot the comm1ttee to dec1de on i
-- -------·--~----
----- ---- ·- --1
I

electroplating issues were decided. :

i The implementation of green gas link in Pheta Nagar be i
-I . established at the earliest. - 1

I A plan is to be decided regarding the regulation of the !

I~ ----
1 05 07.2011
movement ofhean Yehicles · -
To shift the el;~~~;plati~g u~1it~-lo a different location so tharf
I
-------It\\JS dir~cted t;>th~; ADM that th_e-is:-;ul' rL'garJing shiftiJ~g--ofi

the discharge of metallic waste into Yamuna rin.T can be I elec1rnplating be considered.
I averted. . · ·_ · · I The <JulhPrity highlighted the n~ed for CN<.i ~tat ion<, in and around
II
I
I The ADM (CiYil Suppiy> ;s to submit a report to the i the Taj Tr!pezium Zone so that more·vehicJe-, L"<lTl he shified to\\ards
I authority gi\ ing reasons· as in. vvhy the CNG stations as I thi~ fuel thereby reducing the emission lc\ eb i
i
directed to-he instrlled ha\ en ·1 been installed yet. '
The ADM (City)\\as directed .to en gage in discussiom with -I
I the transport companies so as to facilitate the transfer of all
j
I
~---
t m----- such companies t~)__!he Transpo_f1 ]'J~ar: _______ _ ---- --~
I
! 20.mUOJ I : :"\o decision taken
I--~-------- --j
!22(H\.2()12
I
Decisions wen.: takcrr regarding Taj Nature Park.
The decisions of the Hem "hie Supreme Court regarding the
1--
i
actiYities thai arc to he taken around the 500 metre radius of \
I
II - - - - Taj Mahal an: said to be iJ~cmcnted . . [
--
i 21< 12.2012 -- The authoriti~;~,c~e- di~~ctcd(;:) install CNG pipes--fi;:;tly~t ,- That proper surwy ofT ran sport Nagar be undertaken and the various
those areas \\here there is an urgent need to do so. transport _agencies Tocated elsewhere be brought to this area.
1
That the plant in Transport nagar is displace! at different
arcs thereby demanding high rates. -
1 i704-20ij - .. The committee_decided to send a reminder letter to necessary ~~------- ---- ---~--·

i authorities regarding the shifting of th.e electroplating units

I

which are responsible for polluti_o_n_.- - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - -

1:18.06.2014 To direct the appropriate authorities to shift the electroplating
industries to other areas __ -~
-------------

+
 Regional Office, U. P. Pollution Control Board

Bhawan No. 14, Sector 38, Awas Vikas Sikandra Yojna, Agra

L.No.l88.2/AN-108Jj16 Dated: 21 .03.2016

To

The Executive Officer,

Cantonment Council,
Agra.

Sub: Regarding compliance of Urban Solid Waste

(Management &, Handling) Rules, 2000 in furtherance of

the directions issued by the Central Board for

Pollution Control to the State Board under Water

(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 & Section

, 18( 1)(b) of the Air (Pre\·ention & Control of Pollution)

Act, 1981.

Sir,

Please refer to the letter of the Member Secretary, U. P

Pnllution Control Board,. Lucknow bearing No. F. 55078/C-

4/Sa.-28/2015 dated. 29.01.2015 (photocopy annexed) on

the above-said subject, which has beenaddressed to you and

copy has been endorsedto the undersigned for necessary

action. As you are already aware that Urban Solid Waste

(Management&Handling)Rules,2000 have been notified

forregulation, management 8:. handlingof urban solid waste

under sections 3, 6 and 26 of the Environment (Protection)

Act 1986 notified bv the Government of Indja for compliance

of the same Cantonment Council, Agrais responsible

authority for collection, segregation, storage, transportation,

processing and disposal of urban solid waste, therefore,

inthis connection, it 1s desired fromyou · that pleaseensure

details of the follo\vi ng-men tionecJ directions&.

compliancevvith this officefor initiatingproceedings:-

1. Vide letter fr9m the U. P. Polluti01~ Control Board,

Lucknow bearing No. F.41395/ c-4 I MSW I 12/2004-05

dated 02.02.2005 . after authority' ' rejected to

Cantonment Board, Agra under Urban· Solid Waste

(Management &, Handling) Rules, 2000, what action

have you taken for compliance of the dir.ections.

2. In pursuance with the directions issued by this office to

Agra ContainmentBoard, Agra videearlier letter No.

478/ AN-128.1/09 dated 22.06.2009, compliance report

is still awaited, therefore, in this connection, please

explainyour status.

3. At which site of the .city a~d in which mannerhas the

Agra Cantonment Board been disposing of/dumping

urban solid waste for ~egulating urban solid waste

management handing promulgated under

Environment (Protection)Act, 1986, please ensure

forwarding complete details and attestedcopies of the

 orders obtainedfrom competent officers as perrules

and attested copies of .all the annual statements

forwarded to District Magistrate, Agra as on the last

date of June every~year for compliance of directions,to

the office.

4. Whether total quantity of outflow· generated out of

domestic and other processes originated from

residential, commercial and other areasof Agra

Cantonment Board, system used for its purification

such sewage treatment plant and dum ping site after

purification of outflmv and whether outflow

generated I solved out nov; from the areaof Agra

Gan.tcm'ment Boa~d has ·te~n deposed of/dumped in the

Yamuna nver direc'tlyor. indirectly or not, please

ensuresubmitting Certificate to this effectto the Board.

You qre ·aware· that AssistantScientific Officer of. the

office and Shri Raman ji, Member of the Monitoring

Committee constituted under the orders from the

Hon'bleSupremeCourt have held discussions with

Office Superintendentof the Cantonment Board Dr.

Ashok Sharma on 10.03.2016 forsite ,inspection and for

finding out the upto date status about the above-said

and directed for initiate appropriate proceedings, non-

sending compliance report shows violation of rules,

 therefore,itisdesiredfromyou that please explain your

status about the ahove-said.

E: :l:As above. Yours faithfully,

I
Sd/-
(Niranjan Sharma)
Regional Officer (Incharge)

Cr-:;y forwarded to the following for inform.a,tion & necessary

action please:

1. Member secr~tary, U.P. Pollution' Contro!Board,

Lucknow for perusal.

2. District Magistrate,Agra for perusal.

3. Chief Environment Officer (Circle-4), U.P. Pollution

Control Board,Lucknmv.

4. Shri Ramal! j.i, Member of the Monitoring Committee,

Agar constituted under the orders from the Hon 'ble

Supreme Court

Sd/-
. Regional Officer (Incharge)
...

'@n' #;· :•
~~1~
·-:~..
.ammJ
·~'

~ 'J~.t~ ~ ~ ~. ~~ ~\r~\fTJT ~ t~tt. ~~~($$_,>;·~:ji~\~'i!q

.~··~ota';~;~ro-2s/2o1s -~
.
~.ot.zo1s
.
(~lii:Uf?l ~) ~:,,~F:::~·q·
~ ~ ••..• ~ ~ i31i!!.IY?OI·e6 i:ffl~tll~. ~- .....,~·te"""'i~~-<1 t em ~ ~ ~ qn -~
~; ~--.·~q' ~- tl ·t 1t; ~ -~ fJ:Ri ~ ~~ ~ ~>

t986 1Ift -~ 3.6 &N 25 '$ ~ ;nrtin· ore ~ '$ .v~ ~ ~ 1tf·._···. ;.
'"'·!i:f1'rrz~~ m·:.o$~ ~ ~ ~q~~ ()11!~ ~~~.;r r.1ni{.~2ooa··~~'1nrer:t~'""
~- ~':lqy~;; ~- ~ ~ a1q!~r~1 $ iff<T~. ~l'Qt:fi~, ~~- G~<i8~; t41tl!MWo.l
mqr· ~ '($: f~ ~ ~ srnro- :actN~ltft ~ "g, 3in~ ·~- ~- ~ ~·
~ qft ~ t ~ -3fd\~R91'1 ~ ~· 3114k1"'1 ~'1 war~ ~ ~ (47!1lt~a '$i

~ mr vwrr ~-ttl f<'n<tf ~ .

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'•
..
 ftm 0Yi"11 ~ ~ ~ ~ "fftfr. 311lffi I
:wo ~iPT'flll" ffi" ~~ ~MLD"If
'
~0 1ffiU 2016
1 r3mft;fi -;m;n I~1Ji<r 111! 0.210
2 ~~~t1 I~ ~ m31ffi-lffi! 1 ;pr 0.013
3 ~-nffi I~ Tliq 1 ;pr 1.436
4 momo 'fTf'{ ~ l<i>o<i>o m Cli 3lffi-lffi! 1 ;pr 0.600
5 ITf<;rr;n -;m;n I~ "IJiq 111! 0.242
6 ~~twA" l<i>o113om 1'fll 0.404
7 1~1Ji<r I~ "IJiq 111f 2.978
8 l~m;:nm I~'M"cr~ 1 ;pr 1.706
9 WN~-1 3TIR~~~ 111f 0.540
10 WN fi1m-11 3TIR~~~- 1 ;pr 0.310
11 \~mel ~ fut) qj J!ffl-100 1 ;pr 0.034
12 ~~<TIC II ~~q:,~qrn 111f 0.014
13 I~ • :!X Tftq lfflO~O ~~ eR <!>1 qA) 111f 1.312
14 llf~ CTi3'1 ~ '11m/~ Tftq q;r -nffi I~ CT\Fl cr ~ 1[Tq 1 ·.:rr 0.037
15 ~11A\~~qj100~ ~ 111f 0.022
16 um<Rl ftffi tt m1t m
100 1 ~ <!>1 lfFfr ~.~'lTR 1'fll 0.029
17 \JRf<l'i\1 ftffi tr m1t cii 100 2 ~ CliT lfFfr 1~-~m 111f 0.016
18 iirniR1 ftffi c#t m1t t 1ffif 3 ~ CfiT lfFfr 1~-~m 1'fll 0.012
19 l~m ~i'flf~ 111f 0.381
20 I~ m W'i'R ~ TRft .~m 111f 0.185
21 ~mlfi<f;~~ ·~m 111T 0.097
22 XJm m'flm Xlm'll'R~ 1 <flT 0.310
23 ~ lifi lfcliR t t 100 <!jti11~ 111f 0.013
24 'WI 'i:R:' em cnrmR t 'ffi! ~ <!jti11~ 1 ;pr 0.033
'
25 ~m~t~~ ifl'l'IT~ 1<fll' 4.200
-~-nffi OOfurr TRft
-{-l'R'i;;j' 1 ;pr
26 1.910
27 1~1ftm~~ ~ f<;rn titctt <i> qrn 111f 0.205
28 ~ ~ qj 1ffif -nffi ~~ ~ FctRR (m ~l ~ s;rn 1llt ct t~rA 1<fll' 0.380
29 I~CI\lRt~ ~ ~qj -%rl 1<fll' 0.004
30 "1 XJm m ~m~W-1 111f 0.060
31 lfi1i ~ I lfi1) 1Jiq CfiT W-1 1<fll' 0.113
32 lfi1i ~ II q.r ~ t 3lRI t[ffiat1<liT 111f 0.575
33 I~ l!lit <m at! I~ 1lT<!f t 3lRI w cnr W-1 1<fll' 0.780
34 I~ irm <!1ffi I~ &c-n 1<flr 1.362
35 \ilTRlTI -;m;n \ilTRlTI ~ CfiT W-1 1i'flf 0.520
'
~1Wr 35 "ifiT 21.041

~~. VE .
ProJect ngmeer roject anager
p . '""'M ~
Yamuna Poll,ution Control Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra
 c;R.\V
List of untapped nallas in Cis Yamuna in Agra
S.No. Name of Nalla !Area Num~er Discharge MLD
~-- -~--~----- ---~
of Nalla in 2016
1. Artaini NaJa Artaini village I No. 0.210
2. Kailash Mandir Drain Kailash Mandir Vicinity I No. 0:013
"
.), Viepur Nalla Viepur Village I No . 1.436
4. K.K. Nagar Nalla K.K. Nagar Vicinity · I No. 0.600
5. Gailana Nalla f---
Gailana Village I No. 0.242
6. In front of Kamayani K.K. Nagar I No. 0.404
'i
Hospital
7. Kakrotha Village Kakrotha Village I No. 2.978
8. Transport Nagar Nalla Transport nagar and Khandari I No. 1.706
9. Amar Vihar-1 !\mar Vihar Colon')' Dayalbag I No. 0.540
10. Amar Vihar-11 A mar Vihar Colony Dayal bag I No. 0.310
11. Poeya Ghat l Wonder City Vicinity I No. 0.034
12. Poeya Ghat II Wonder City Vicinity I No. 0.014
13. Manoharpur Manoharpur Village Water of I No. 1.312
S.S. Public School Area
14. Ma Gauri Town Colony Gauri Town and Bahadurpur I No. 0.037
Nalla!Bahadurpur Village Village
Nail a
15. Nalla near Aquacool Water Balkashwar I No. 0.022
Plant
16. Water in 1 Nalia near Baikashwar, Kailash Nagar I No. 0.029
Jaswant Singh Ki Chatri
17. Water in 2 Nalla nenr I H:1lkashwar. I<ailash Nagai· I No. 0.016
Jaswant Singh Ki Chatri
18. Water in 3 Nalla near talkO>In"•·. Kail"h Nagti• I No. 0.012
Jnswant ~_i!l_gh Ki Chatri -~-------

19. Lohia Nagar Lohia Nagar · · I No. 0.381

20. Lohia Nagar Rathore wali Lohia Nagar I No. 0.185
Gali
21. Lohia Nagar Banke Bihari Lohia Nagar I No. 0.097
Garden
22. Radha Nagar Nalla Radha Nagar Balkashwar I No. 0.310
23. In the vicinity of Bhalla Ji's Krishn Colony I No. 0.013
House
24. Beside Khen1 Chand toffee Krishn Colony I No. 0.033
Factory
25. Beside Almirah factory I<rishn Colony I No. 4.200
26. Saikasriya Nalla Belanganj, Saikasriya Galli I No. 1.910
27. Belanganj Police Chowki 1
Near Belanganj Police Chowki I No. 0.205

28.
Nalla
---~--L~--------~-------
Near the Belanganj bridge I Kali mnnclir 011 Banks nf I No. 0.380
Nalla i Yamuna Bclanganj. in front nf
I i Sethi TraiL'i_I?Ort
_,_______~--- ---~-- --·
29. Belanganj Kali Mandir 1 Under Yamuna Bridge I No. 0.004
30. New Radha Nagar Radha nagar Balkashwar Area I No. 0.060
,,
31.
J~.
Mau Nalla l
Mau Nalla II
Mau Village Area
Area near forest Department
1 No.
I No.
0.113
0.575
33. Ambedkar Park Area Area around Ambedkar park I No. 0.780
34. Khairati tola Nalla Khairati Tola I No. 1.362
35. Jalma Nalla _:!._ a_l_12_l(l_ Hospital Area I No. 0.520
----
Total
-·
Sum 35 No. 21.041
 iliO WfTRCfiT'fll! m ~qlt ~MlD"Il
~0 lffiiT 2016

1 -w(j)f~"'ffi'!T 'Wilil~~ 1;pj" 14.986

2 111rll-~ ~· i'f!W/~ iJRiiT ~~ lfiqj~ ~ m- 31rn-l:fffi ~-~ tl ~ 1;;'1'\' 4.075
3 ~m"'ffi'!T 3!jWf ffi 1 ;pr 5.709
4 ~ '1Tffi ~~~~ 1;pj" 1.995
5
I~ '1Tffi ~ 11'1 1.530
6 cncn<R'! ::nrn '1!15' 1fcR'l iff 3lffi- qm 1;pf 26.280
- 7 ~~::nrn ~~ 1;pj" 1.708
8
~~~~qiqm ~~ * Jlffi-m=f 1;;'1'\' 1.013
9 liM"'lR'IT liM ~ iff 3lffi-Ql\9 1;pj" 26.070
10 ~ '1Tffi
~·+it\ .'lRif!
Ul'ifl lfT\l!R * 1ffil 1;;'1'\' 1.600
11 ~+it\ 1;;'1'\' 3.530
lfirr;n 'lRifT lj~
12 1;pj" 123.222
13 • '1Tffi ~ iff 3lffi-1ffif 1;pf 2.098
14 ffiiilmclR'lRif! ~ me ili 3lffi-GTi'l 1;pj" 1.010
15 ffiiil ~ "1c '1Tffi ~ "'ffi'!T) ~ me * 3lffi-m=r 1;pf 15.020
16 ~~i'f!W. ~~~ I
1 ;pr 9.000
~~ 16 ;pr 238.846

fj\ah-- V /\A/'
Project Engineer Project Manager
Yamuna Pollution Control Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra
 List of tapEed nallas in Cis Yamuna in A1 ra
S.No. Name ofNalla j Area · Number Discharge MLD
ofNalla ' in 2016
-·-~-~
- ----------- -----
I. Budi ka Na_gla Nalla Budi ka ~Ia Davalbagh I No. 14.986
2. Manohar pur I
Manoharpur Vi llage/K armyogi I No. 4.075
Nalla/Kannyogi Nalla Colony area (Contained in
Manoharpur Nalla)
3. Anurag Nagar Nalla Anurag nagar I No. 5.709
4. Rajwaha Nalla Balkashwar Mahadev Mandir I No. 1.995
Balkashwar Nalla I
5. Balkashwar I No. 1.530
6. Water Works Nalla Water Works Area 1 No. 26.280
7. Krishna Colony Nalla Krishna Colony 1 No. 1.708
8. Paliwal Park near Vedant Vedant mandir area 1 No. 1.013
Mandir
9. Bhairo Nalla Near Rhairo Mandir. 1 No. 26.070
10. Khoja Nall.a 'Nenr Chatta Bazar· · 1 No. 1.600
11. Peepal Mandl Nulla . Pe~~j1al mandi . 1 No. 3.530
12. Mantola Nalla i IV!antola I No. 123.222
13. Balu12:anj Nalla R1llug~ Area 1 No. 2.098
14. Taj West gate Nalla I Shamshm1 ghat area I No. 1.010
15. Taj East gate Nalla (Kolai I Du.~hara Ghat aren I No. 15.020
Nalla)
16. Devari Road Nalla Devari Road 1 No. 9.000
Total Sum 16No. 238.846

Project Enginee1· Project Manager

Yamuna Pollution Control Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra

w. ~Cf)f"'fTll ~em~ ~~ ~t'tlluf MLD 1l
~- lfr-;{T 2016
1 2 3 4 4
1 ~ ~/"'...YC11C19;~ ~ffi "T"
~ (ql"Ql 1 ~ 0.189
2 tTR ~ ~ cfi lffi1 enI Rl--1'1 ~ 1 ~~'* 1 ~ 0.166
3 tTR ~ 6fm cf; tm=r cnlc1~4'! 'Trffi 2 ~c1)
~ q)J--~, " 1 ~ 0.003
4 ttillFPI~/~ ~ ~ "ffiP1 ~ Zcfr ~m 1 1lT 0.494
5 ~· mn ~ ..,-rc;rr ~ "W:TT ~ 1 ¥1 0.045
6 ~~~ ~~ 1 ""f1T 0.387
7 ~ :-=rR '11<'11 ~~ 1 ..,.,. 0.239
8 ~!::J(,JPI '11<'11 Ill ~I::JEIPI 1 ..,.,. 0.779
9 ~ ~ ~f:J <:J x {51~~-<!&C1 rrr<11 ~.·~~q)f 1 "f1T 0.015
10 ~ Gf\ifR m ~-1 ~~·m .1' "f1T 0.017
11 ~ Gf\ifR m ..,-c;rr-2 ~~m 1 1lT 0.011
12 ~ -wm '1fffi 1 ~;:ih"'I\Jll 1 "f1T 1.033
13 ~xtm~ 2 "
-q I 'i" I'XI' \Jll 1 ~ 0.031
14 ~ 3R'Rl11 ~ rrrc;rr 1 3F"''~NI::J ~ 1 -.:rrr 0.084
15 . ~ 3R'Rl11 ~ rrrRT-2 3f"l(1Xfl1 ~ 1 TflT 0.010
16 ~ ~~GI~ ~ -;m:;rr ~ "f1R 1 YfiT 0.147
17 ~ I::J~ I c;:t fctw ~ -;;rrc;rr c.qJJ:jc;:JJ~ 1 YfiT 0.138
.,
18 ~~~liNT 1 t:JI(.YPIICii::J 1 YfiT 0.065
19 ~~~'qffi 2 ~JC1lJJGI~ 1 ;pr 0.008
20 G lli-=1-G 3IT-'>flf (~ -3l-'>Wf) ~ ;
l=JJc;:tli''ICilll . 1 -.:rrr 0.209
-
21 ~~~-1 l1Rfl ~ 1 -.,rr 0.044
22 ~~ ;m;rr-2 l1Rfl lflrc1" 1 YfiT 0.051
23 ~~~-3 l1Rfl ~ 1 -;pr 0.005
24 ~ lflrc1" -.;rc;yr-4 .· l1Rfr ~ 1 -;pr 0.129
25 ~~~~-5; iJMt lfrn 1 YfiT 0.025
26 ~ ~ "'flC>>T-6 ·~~.· 1 YfiT 0.001
27 +ffi:lT lTirR ~-7 ~~ 1 -;pr 0.271
28 l+m:Tt ~ ~-8 ~~ 1 -;pr 0.201
29 ~ ~~M~<:~C1 ~ fitGr ~ <fTTI fmn ~ ~ 1 "FT 0.150
30 ctJ'C99;XI ~ cp "t.t9 9;~ I ' 1 '1lT 2.794
<ff(>f
~
~
.
. 30 ~ 7.741

fjy'
Projec~r Construction Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra.
~Manager
E:\F\Rajj\Exceli\Nala Suchi.xlsxSheet4 (3)
f,~,.; ~
~
 fr
ell C.
List of untapped nallas in Trans Yamuna in Agra

S.No. Name ofNalla Area Number Discharge

ofNalla MLD in 2016

I. Peeeli. Nimdlalpur 1 No. 0.210

Pokhar/Nandlalpur
Nala

2. Dhaar waale baba ke New Colony No .. 0.166

pass Colony-Naala-1

3. Dhaar waale baba ke New Colony 1 No. 0.003

pass Colony-Naala-2

4. Slaamnagar/Tedhi Slaamnagar Tedhi 1 No. 0.494

Bagiya Naala Bagiya

5. New Radha Nagar New Radha Nagar 1 No. 0.045

Naala

6. Gokul Nagar Naala Gokul Nagar 1 No. 0.387

7. Ganesh Nagar Naala Ganesh Nagar 1 No. 0.239

I

8. Ram Bagh Nalla-3 Ram Bagh 1 No. 0.779

9. Shambhunath Junior Shambhunath School 1 No. 0.015

High School Naala

10. Katra Vazir Khan Katra Vazir Khan 1 No. 0.017

Naala -1

11. KatraVazir Khan Katra V azir Khan 1 No. 0.011

Naala -2

12. Chinni Roza Naala -1 Chinni Roza 1 No. 1.033

I 3. Chinni Roza Naala -2 Chinni Roza 1 No. 0.03 I

I4. Gali Antram Bagichi /\nantram Bagichi I No. 0.084

Naala- 1

15. Gali Antram Bagichi Anantram Bagichi I No. 0.0 IO

Naala- 2

16, OF
Gali Subedaar Nagar S u bedaar Nagar I No. 0.147
Naala

17. Shyamlal Cidya Shyainlal l No. 0.138

Mandir Naala

18. Near Nursery Mandir Maa l godaam I No~ 0.065

 ¥
- 1
~t{
19. Near Nursery Mandir Maal Godaam I No. 0.008
-2

20. Dayanand Ashram Maal Godaam I No. 0.209

(Orphanage) Naala
i
21. Moti- Mahal Naala- Moti- Mahal I No. 0.044
1

22. Moti- Mahal Naala- Moti- Mahal I No. 0.051

2

23. Moti- Mahal Naala- Moti- Mahal I No·. 0.005

3

24. Moti- Mahal Naala - Moti- Mahal 1 No. 0.129

4

25. Moti- Mahal Naala - Moti- Mahal 1 No. 0.025

5

26. Moti- Mahal Naala- Moti- Mahal 1 No. 0.001

6

27. Moti- Maha! Naala -7 Moti- Mahal 1 No. 0.271

28. Moti- Mahal Naala- Moti- Mahal 1 No. 0.201

8

29. Indira Memorial Ya\nuna Bridge Indira 1 No. 0.150

Yamuna Bridge Nagar
Naala

30. Kachpura NaaJa ·. Kachpura 1 No. 2.794

Total Sum 30No. 7.741

Sd/- Sd/-

Pr·oject Engineer Project Manager

Yamuna Pollution Control Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam,

· Agra

Construction Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra

11?0~0 ~Cf)f;;rtl lffir ~qft l~'t'Cti\Jl MLD 1{
I 1fl?IT 2016
1 2 3 4 5

1 ~~rrrw ~~ 1 "'f1T
0.068
2 q:> 1\3 o~ "'fl"R (cB-ocfio -.=rrR) "ffi>fr l:f> I \3 ~#l -.=rrR . 1 -=rT
0.081
3 ~~ ~ 1 ~
5.898
4 ~PNI~I ~ 1/ xli=l~l~l ~ II ~ll1iSII 11 1 "'f1T
3.864
5 ~~1G)e11 rrrffi ~~~~~(11 1 Ypf
2.790
6 lffi'f ~ rrT<'IT '
J:JIC'PII~Ii=l 1 o:rT
1.442
7 ~O:S~<:J~ ~ -.=n<>IT ~~~-<~<IC'l 1 o:rT
2.636
8 tflc>~1~1x ~ ttlc>ll~lx 1 ~
6.597
cgor·~ 8~ 23.376

Proje~~er .
Construction Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam, Agra.
P~er

E:\F\Rail\Exceii\Nala Suchi.~lsxSheet6 (3)

 .%L
))1
List of tapped nallas in Trans Yamuna in Agra

S.No. Name of Nalla Area Number Discharge

of Nalla MLD in 2016

I. Spaat nagar Naala Sraat nagar 1 No. 0.068

2. Foundry Nagar (K.K.

I
Foundry Nagar 1 No. 0.081
Nagar) Naala

3. Narainch Nalla Naraichi 1 No. 5.898

4. Rambagh Nalla- Ram bagh 1 No, 3.864

1/Rambah Naala -2

5. Itmad-ud-Daula Itmad-ud-Daula 1 No. 2.790

Nalla
,...--_.-
6. Maal Godaam Nalla M·aal Godaam 1 No. 1.442

7. Industrial Area Nalla Industrial Area 1 No. 2.636

8. Peelakhaar Naala Peelakhaar 1 No. 6.597

Total Sum 8 No. 23.376

Sd/- Sd/-

Project Engjnee~ .' Project Manager

Ynmuna Pollt'1tioi1Control Unit, U.P. Jal Nigam,

Agra

Construction Unit, U.P. JalNigam, Agra

 OFFICE OF THE GENERAL MANAGER, YAMUNA POLLUTION CONTROL UNI:T, U.P. JAL NIGAM, AGRA

LIST OF DRAINS IN AGRA TOWN

S.N. Name of Drain Location Name of Discharge Cis/ If intercepted to Remarks

Scheme in (MLD) Trans pumping station/STP/
which Nala Area Location-Name
I 2015
Tapped
'
TAPPED

1 Burhi ka Nagla Drain Dayal Bagh YAP-I 10.45 Cis Budi Ka Nagla MPS/2.25 mid
Budi Ka Nagla
2 Manoharpur Drain Manoharpur YAP-II 1.()4 Cls Manoharpur IPS/14 mid
Jaganpur
3 Karmyogi Drain Karmyogi Enclave YAP II Cis Tapped in Monoh,Jrpura
Nala
4 Anurag Nagar Drain Anurag Nogar YAP-I 4.63 Cis Manoharpur IPS/14 mid
Jaganpur
5 Rajwaha Drain Nea~ Balkeshwar Mahndev Mandir YAP-I 3.38 Cis Rajwah SPS/78 mid
Dhilndhupura
I 6 [lalkeshwar Drain Near B;,lkeshwar Colony YAP-I 1.88 Cis Balkeshwar SPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
7 Water works Drain Ne;;r Water works YAP-I 12.88 Cis Water works IPS/78 mid
~
Dhandhupura
Krishna Colony Drain Krishna Colony YAP-I 2.68 Cis Water works SPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
9 Paliwal Park Drain Near Vedant Mandir YAP-I 3.25 Cis Bhairon SPS/78 mid
Dh<Jndhupura
10 Bhairon Drain Near Bhairon temple YAP-I 16.85 Cis Bhairon SPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
11 Khoja Drain Near Chhatta Bazar YAP-I 4.58 Cis Bhairon SPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
12 Peepal Mandi Drain Near Pee pal Mandi YAP-I 5.18 Cis Bhairon SPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
13 Baluga nj Drain Near Red fort YAP-I G.31 ci, Khair;Hi to Ia MPS/7R mid
Dhandhupuril
14 Mantola Drain Near Electric Shabd.lh Grah YAP I Cis Kh;wati tala MPS/78 mid
Dhandhupura
1"_, Toj East Gate Drain (Kolhai Drain) Near Dashhara ghat JNNURM 35.42 Cis Kalhoi SPS/24 mid
Dhandhupura
l6 Deori Road Droin Dean Road Sta10 <;0r1or CIS Kotla Ki G,1gwhi MPS/12 mid
Deon Road
17 lspat Udyog Drain Near I spat Udyog Nagar YAP I 1 33 Trans N;:nnirh SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar

- 18 Foundary Nagar Drain Foundary Nagar YAP-I 1.39 Trans Nara1ch SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
Naraich Drain Naraich Drain YAP-I 6.75 Trans Naraich SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
20 Rambagh I, II &JII Drain Near Jawahar bridge YAP-I 630 Trans Etmaddaula SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
21 Etmadaula Drain Near Etmadaulil YAP-I 4.00 Trans Etmaddaula SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
22 Mal Godown Drain Near Mal Godown YAP-I 1.35 Trans Etmaddaula SPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
23 Industrial Estate Drain Industrial area YAP-I 3.95 Trans Peelakhar MPS/10 mid
Peelakhar
24 Peelakhar Drain Peelakhar YAP-I 4.60 Trans Peelakhar MPS/10 mid
Peelakhar

•
UNTAPPED
.
Out of Nagar
1 Artoni Drain Village Artoni
6.56 Cis Nigam area
Out of Nagar
2 Asharam Bapu Ashram Drain Near Ash aram Bapu Ashram
Dry Cis Nigam area

3 Kailash Mandir Drain Near Kailash Mandir

0.26 Cis

4 Baipur Drian Near Baipur village

5.11 Cis

5 K.K. Nagar Drain Near K.K. Nagar

' 14.11 Cis

6 Gailana Drain Near Gailana

2.86 Cis

7 Transport Nagar Drain Transport Nogar

5.18 Cis
"
 .~

,.
S.N. - Name of Drain Location Name of Discharge Cis/ If intercepted to Remarks
Scheme in (MLD) Trans pumping station/STP/
which Nala AreaI Lucation-Name
2015
Tapped

8 Jeevan Jyoti Drain Near Dayal Bagh Pushpanjali Tower

Cis

9 Amar Vihar Colony Part-1 Drain Amar Vihar Colony Part-1 Dayal Bagh
2.93 Cis 1

10 A mar Vihar Colony Part-11 Drain Amar Vihar Colony Part-11 Dayal Bagh
4.07 Cis

11 Lohiya Nagar Dra·m Lohiya Nagar

1.54 Cis

12 Radha Nagar Drain Radha Nagar Balkeshwar

4 Cis

'13 Taj West Gate Drain Near Tajganj Shamshan Ghat

0.75 Cis

14 Peeli Pokhar Drain (Nand Lalpur) Near Nand Lalpur '

Trans Dried

15 Islam Nagar Drain Islam Nagar

1.76 Trans

16 New Radha Nagar Drain Radha Nagar

0.75 Trans

17 Gokul Nagar Drain Near Gokul Nagar

- 1.16 Trans

~8 Ganesh Nagar Drain Near Shobha Nagar

0.507 Trans

19 Katra Bazir Khan Drain Near Cheeni Ka Roza

2.45 Trans

20 Gali An at Ram Baghichi Drain Near A nat Ram Baghichi

1.00 Trans

21 Gali Subedar Major Drain Near Subedar MaJor

0.63 Trans

22 Shyam La I Vidhya Mandir Drain Near G 0 ndhi Ashram·

Q.41 Trans

23 Dayanand Anath Ashram Drain Near Dayanand Anath Ashram

·- .0.28 Trans

24 Indira Marvadi Yamuna Bridge Drain Near Indira Marvadi Yamuna Bridge .
0.456 Trans

25 Moti Mahal Nala I, II & Ill Drain Near Moti Mahal

2.05 Trans

26 Kachpura Drain Near Mehtab Bagh Boundary

3.86 Trans
 rnvbaiiiOU:nTAL
{~i&ilaJ
pubs 3<! orgi<><t

The Discoloration of the Taj Mahal due to Particulate Carbon and

Dust Deposition
. *'t.+ 1.'
M. H, nnergm, . th'1, *'~ •.•
S N, Tnpa 1 Ja1. DeVJ,. u T ',up
r t a, ~ M. ,Mcken7.:c,
. t '""· .S. Rana, 11 M. 'f
:> Shater,·
c ;_
Ana M. Villalobos, and J J Schauer~
'School of Earth alld ~heric.Sciences, Georp l.nstltute of Teclmology1 Atlanta, GeorS"l 30332, Uruted Stite•
*School of Civil illld EnvironmenW Engineering, Georgia ll\5titute of Tech~ology,· A~anta, Georgia 30332, United States
'Dcpiltlllent of Civill!ngineenng and Centedor EnvironmenW s'oence and Engineering. lndi.n lnrutute of Technology, K.ulpur,
India '
IIArt:haelogigJ Survey of India (Scien~ Brandl), Delhi, India
.-.., 1 EnvironmenW Chemistry and Technology Program, Univc~1ty of. Wisconsm at M.di&on, Mad;son, WJSconiin 53 706, UruteJ St.otc.

e Supporting l•form~Jti""
AB$l'llACl'1 · The·whttuDai!¥~dthc Taj M.ahal are iconic images of
~~.attract ll\illl4ru of vi.sitolt,-, yw. Om the past IMfal d~
the·~·~ of the Taj Mahal iw/e ~ 10 disc.nlor with tilnc
;.~IJ;,.·:k.~"iiY elUDed f1ft%Y ~m~111 ·~ ~ it, lw been
· ~ bellt~· lhat the ~ is In 1011\e way !Jnked With poor air
. ·.~ !lltiltAgtl region, the spedlic ~ of alr pollution ruponsible
"iiave 11t b)~ k!ea~ With thia .in l1lill!i, ~ pll'ticULue matter (PM)
aamplM w.:re o:oll~.am • oae-,_ period .ad folul4 to contain relAtively
high ~·of.\iltlt ~ ~ dlat eould potentially dlscclar
tht Tllj Mabalmarbiulu~ct,:th:lt 111dude liWi cui>on (BC), light ·~lnt
~~~arbon, BrC), aDd dust.·Ana!ysa o{ particlei d~ted ,
to m•cbluw,r•~ ~at: !:he Taj Mihllllndlalte that a large fnction Qf.
tb<i ow 1'?3 Maballllll'fa.m are COVered wtth pa!1idu that contalzl both
~~~aDd. dust We~·~ •no.vtl approi.ch that ·
IBtimata the impa.;t ri theae
.~ ~d!" on the Wible light lltlrtaa ~~tance, whkh is in tum used to e&timate the
; perc;eived,c:oll¥,~~·~~~~;1ight aboorbing dust an<i~llllaowpartklea (both BC and
BtC from.~:~ o{foull fuels and b\omus). are ~i~ for the turface discoloration of tlw Taj M.thal. Overall, the
rmilU ~ ~~ the deposition o{ light 'Absorbing p~cul~te matter in region• of11Jgb aero$0lloading are not only Influencing
cultural herit£ge but~ the ~ of both natural wl urbm ~.
------·----
• INTRODUCTION weU '' dust depo>~Don.' D.,.plte effort> t9 ~eep ihe outer
surfaces of the Ta1 .MahaJ wh1te, it contlnues to hecome
On the time scale of sevtral years the outer ml!'ble rurlaces of
tl>e Taj Mabal become discolored <nd must be cleaned in a .chscolored.with time, and tlte reiion for the dJscolorabon ''not
curren~y' understood. ,
time·conruming process. 1 Figure I shoWil a cleaned stction oi a
marble Mluque Dome 'at the Taj Ma.hal (where cleamng Retent worlc h~ reported poor air q'..ulity throughout the
lndo·Gan~tic plain,'·' indudlng relativtly high conantrationo
invol""" "l't'lf.ng a layer o£ clay and removmg the cl•y after it
driei, follow..d L'Y 'u\Slllg the swia~ with clCMJ wattt) directly of particulate matter m Agra'-' Particulate matter m the reg10n
next to an ''"" beir.g prepared for cleaning. An obvious contraot includ.. the light absorbing componentJ; black o.tbon (BC),
is >een httween the clean, white nwble surface and the darlu.r light ab.>orbing org:lllic c~bon Ia fraction of which can absorb
di..:olored swfaa of the Marble Dome. Many mea.surJU have hght pref~entioliy in th; VV reg10n and IS often termed brown
been undertale1o lC •void the impact of local air pollution, wbon, BrC), and dust, Both organic carbon and du..t h.ave the
including rt>.uC'lL•,j tnflic within I km of the grounds .and potentW to preferentially absorb sol.lr Ught in the blue region
limiting the eaWions of industrial pollution 1ft the city of Ag;a, of the spectrum, which can give the atmosphero a brown hue
whel'l! the Tai Mahal is located. While detailed si:ientiiic •tudie.< and has th11< been dubbed the Atmo,pheric Brown Cloud. 9 The
have not been reported in the literature, past efforts fcxming on
the d..coloratJon have hypotheiized th•t local iir quality is Re<&ivcd: Angmt IS, 2014
responsible ..-,J .uggeotions have included surface reactions IU!viaed: November 24, W 14
with g;u·p~ ~~lo ~ well ill iqUeous phue chemistry linlced Ac.;cptcd: December J, 20 14
Witb the d~~~n of fog dr~plet•, and water .conden.. tion,l ill · J>ubll•hedr Oe<ember .], W 14

• ACS P.ublications ~ ID" ·-~"" o...... ~oc .. ~

j 1\h
I"

Figure ,I. A cl0011 •urface and on a.r<a being prepared f<>r cleaning on a
nlirbJe·Mo"'~ dome at tht Taj Ma!W.
preunc. of the.se light absorbing aerosols, and in particular
tho!it that can take on a dark hue agairut a light colored
background, suggut, that the depo5ibon of ambient particulate
nutter may be playing a role in the discoloration of the outer
white marble surta(U of the TaJ Mahal.
• ~PERIMENTAL METHODS
Amblent Particulate Sampling and Analy5es. ln order
to determine the influence of PM on the Taj MW.I, ambient
aerowl sampling wa< conducted for a roughly one-year penod
beginning on Nov. 5, 201 I and conbnwng through June, 2012
just prior to the monsoon season. Pdters were collected every
silth day ead! month for both PM1J (fine particulate matter
having di.wcters less than 2.5 jim) and total mpended
particulate "'~: •~· (TSP), and analyud for major anions,
org;.nic (Q;_ 1 lemental carbon (EC), and trace elements.
The PMts <. ... ,~ nt w-.1 e~tablished using an upstream cyclone,
while the TSP directly sampled ambient air. Portions of each
filter were combined to make monthly compo~te• that were
extracted an ·. ;yud for source speafic trace organiC
compoWlds .. ~ GCMS. The trace organic concentratJons
were used to estimate source contributions to particulate
organic carbon u.~mg chemical m;w balance (CMB) model-
ing.10 Additional information on thf samplmg and cheinical
an..Iyses i& preS<!nted in the Supporting [nformahon (Sl)
•ectlon (~ctions SJ and S2).
Marble Deposition Target Sampling and Analyses. In
addition to ambient samples, se~eral precleaned marble
<lop<>a!tion \a<5CI:I (with dimellllons z x 2 x o.s an) were
placid outdoors within rougbly 300 m of the nuin Taj Ma!W
dome. Both the air wnpling equipment and targets were
IOQted in a sed:ion of the Taj Mahal that was accescllle only to
5WI of the Archaeological Survey of India (AS!), and had very
Utt!e foot trallic. Predeaned marble cuboids wore fastened to
Taj Mahal structures with double·•ided tape at a vmety of
loc.Wons, and upo•ed from April to June 2012. Some of the
marble samplec were plac.ed honzontally and others vert1cally.
Prior to, and .lfter exposure, the marble wnples were plued in
sealed, precleaned Petri dishes and storod m a freeo.u to avmd
de~adation of deposited p~les.. ' . . chro'lld (punty/saturahon). The model u;ed to estimate the
Scanninplectron microscopy .(SEM) (LEO 1530, Carl Zeisa.
Microacopy) and energy dispmive X· ray (EDX) spectroscopy
(alford lnstrumentl X.... detector) were carried out on two
-
honzontally facing marble targets. Images were taken at many
different magnification& to capture the particles luving me~
ranging fro.m 1.00 nm to 100 jim. The particle <ize• and ~hapes
were '"e~s.d through SEM images u•ing im•ge processing m a
Miltl•b· program. EDX analyses were carried out on the same
m•rble targets on -1000 part1des. The mformat1on gamed
from the SEM/EDX analy.es allowed for the estunation ~~the
part:Jcle number li!d surface ~rea concentrallon, and chcnucal
compo.<tbon as a funcllon ol area of the m~rble t.vget. ThL<
infonn•t•on ~' then used, as de.~cribed in the neX1 sections, to
esttm~te the change in color of the marble aurface. More
mfonnatJOn on the SEM/EDX ana.ly..s '' gwen in th• Sl
Sections S I and S2.
Linking Deposited Partkles to.Marble Surface Color.
ln or-der to estinute the unpact of putlde.~ deposited to the
roarnle substJate on the perceived color change of the surlila:,
we·. devdopea_ an approach that estimates the lniluence of
· Jeposiied particles <>n wavelength-dependent surface reflec·
tance: The· method build• on previous work that estJmated the
mfluence of partldes depostted to plant leafs on avaliAble
photosynthetically active radiation." First, we u.>e SEM/EDX
analyses of particles deposited to the marble t~l< to eotimate
the optJC2l depth of depos1ted pa.rt!clu a.1 a function of
wavelength.( r,) u follows·
'
r, = 4' k Ac,Dp.• Q.., + Q,JJ,•
.ff " ' l [ ' .
,., (I)
Where k IS the areal particle number concentration (number
of pamclei depositrd rer ·""' ,,f the marhle suria<e) ior each
s1ze bin, '• DP IS the partade dt•meter f~>r depos1ted pamcles,
and Q.; and Q.; are the wavelength dependent M1e scattenng
and abwrption effictencie• that are determined based on
part.icle saze and compoSition.
After estimating tht optical depth, the wavelength dependent
smgle "altering albedo, w1 (ratio of light ;cattenng to
eninetJon) ts estimated "
(2 \
The single scattering albedo is • key parameter that
determmes the relohve amou.nt o( lig~t absorptwn that o"u"
over the wlute marble surface. Por white, >Gattenng only
part1dc< the single scattering albedo LS ne.Jr I.0 >nd the surface
rerltctance of a whtt~ surface Will not change.
The change in the •urface refltctance of the white marble
surlilce ·is .calculated using SBDART. a radiative tnnslor
model', with uip,ut values including r, and aJ 1 estunated
from eqs l, and 2 as weU as the asymmetry parameter (relatJve
amount of light scattering in the forward direction) a.< a
function of wavdength using Mie theory. 11
ln order to detennine the perceJved color clunge of the
white marble rurf.u:e based on particl~ depoSition, and the
rel.J.tec change in 'Pecml surface retlecunct we used the model
de•cribed by D'Andrade and Romney" to convert spectral
reflectance to perce1vcd color in the Munsell color 'Y!'tcm. The
Mun.<ell color system « b•<ed on three component.< that
mdude the value (hghtne.«/ darknm ), hue (color). and
percetvta color of the m'arble surf~e with depostted particles
uses the spectral retlectance from the rartlatJVe tran<fer model of
the. tmrble surfac.! loaded with particles to eshmate the Munsell
 Environmental ~dence & Technology

color. The MUl~&eu ~olor eltimate also tabs into consideration out that biomass burnmg OM can be from a variety of activities
the human eye response as a functj.on of wavelength of mcident mcluding the combustion of wood and dung, 'rop resrdue, and
light (the 01ppro1d! is desc;ribed in linorc det~ In the Sl, •ection . the burning of truh •nd refw:e that i.s ubiquitous m the regton.
S3). The pro~alence · 9f light absorbing •ero~ols >n Agra (i.e.,
·elemental and organic carbon. mp dust) ruggests that PM
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSION deposition to the white m.rble surfaces may be r.-ponsible for
Ambient Partkulate Concentrations. Figure 2a shows the observed discoloration of the outer T aJ Mahal structures
the average mous concentration~ of particulate organic carbon · including the famo111 TaJ Mahal dome:
Size and Composition of Particles Deposited to
110 Marble Targets. F1gure ~~ shows • scanrHng electron
~·
1.&0
Ia)
•.DOM '', ·----------
:, •Dust I
(a)
I
;r120
E
J100

I 80
w
I tilona i

Particle
80
,......,,
1l 40

20
0 . Marble
Surface

(b)

Flgute l. Genml ehemial comp<>~~tion of (a) total ~U~p<nded

puticulote matUor (TSP) wd line parncul.u• nu.ner (PM"), ond (h)
sourco apportionment of PMu orgmic mau (OM) bo&ed on filter
oamphng at 1M Taj Mabal · Flguro 3. '·a\ SEM 1ma~e of marble target from Ta1 Mana! mdtca~n~
ma.ss (OM), ion£, dust and elemental carbon (F.C) for both
TSP and PMu. over the wnpllng penod The mean d.uly
conc.entntiolll (and itandard deviations) of both TS P and
PM1.5 are 135 (55) and 60 (39) !lgm- 3. The values ue
lignmcantly higher tlwl the annual World Health Orguiution
(VJHO) PM guidelinea for PM 10 and PMu of :W !lgm-l and 10
11gm -l hisiilight:ng the poor air qu.Uty in the region. The
fraction of pwclllate· matt~r greater than l.S Jim i1 N60%, and
is due in Iars• part to th.• warn mode dust th.t increases from
1596 of the PM~ 5 ' mw fractioo to 30% of the TSP m:~£-1. In
ill!dition to d11.1t, other PM components that ab10rb light in the
visible spectrum, and hence have the possrbility to tnJ]uenu the
color of the outer white moll'ble swfaw, ue elemental carbon
(EC) that is responsible for 296 of the TSP nws, u ~eO u OM
th.t accounts for 399& of the TSP mas&. E.timate5 of the
1ourcts of OM in the PMu mw fraction shnwn in P~e 2b
indicate ~~ biomw . burning, a ~nown source of BrC, i1
reaporuible for roughly half of the OM wtth stgnilicant
contributions from vehicular emissions. It should be pointed
depoSited partic.l~ 3nd (h) rurfa((" ue• conantntlon of &posited
J'*rtldes on thr marble tar~t il.~ it funcnon of ~rocle d1ameter
· nucroscopy (SEM) image of a m.rble deposition target that
was placed horiwntally at the TaJ Mahal, a~ was exposed for a
roughly two month perin.d during the premonsoo" $C~n o(
lOll. The swface uea concentration (surface uea of particle5
per unit. marble sorface u~a per micron) distribution oi
· particles as •· function of particle size deposited to the m;11ble
urget (Figure 3b) shows peaks in particle size at roughly 1-l
!Jm, and an additional mode at 4-.S 1Jm. Th• fraction of the
surilce cov~red by part1ele• is estimated t,, be -30%.
Approilmately 70% of the depo~ited particle <urface am 11
for particles h.wing dtantetm great~r than 2 !Jm, >ndicating that
a large fraction of the particle surface area concentrabon IS due
to the depoSition of coane particles. The dominance of coarse
particles is due to both the relatively high concentntion of dust
particles measured in Agra, as well u the fact th.t the dry
deposttion veloCity of coarse ( -s 11m) particle< 1S roughly 100
~mes greater than that of accumulation mode ( -1.0 ~Jm)

810
 Environmental Science & Technology
urosol p.rtides.ll It is likely that dry deposition ,. the
dominaDt mode of partide transport to the Tij surface given
the relatively low wount of prttipitation m Agra during the
Pall through Spring, when particle loadings ore high and the
summer monwon rainbll is not occuning. It is .Jso important
to note that w:ll~' insoluble partideR (such as dUJt, BC, and a
fraction of 0 v;; h lil!;ely not easily re!Mved from the' Taj
MU!al surlac" ;/ J"<dplt.thon wash-off once depostttd. This 1.1
based on simi,.,. ohset"''ations of the buildup of water msoluble
pirticles on leaf surface> obmved in the Yangtu delta '"/ron of
China, an are• •.h•t Jso ""J'Cnences htgh PM lo.d,ings.
The EDX ;J-....., ··"' indicate that more than 70% of parttclc•
are prinwily cnatd in origin, with spectra d9minated by crustal
elements. The cru.ml particles were typically in the coarse
(having di.amc,••• greater than ~2-3 J.1111) "u fractJon.
Particles having di.ameters less than ' jim, wluch a"ount for
roughly 30% of the deposited particle surface area, also
contained aigniticant iJ'I\OUnts of carbon lil<ely from the sour~s
.-.. of OM highlighted in CMB results in Figure ll>. More detailed
mformation on the EDX analyses, including <Wmf>le spectra of
particle l'.DX anal)lles are given in SI section S2.
Deposited Partid«s and Perceived Color, To estimate·
r, we arume that particle• havmg diameters le« than 3 jim are
compoud primarily of light absoroing organic wbon (BrC)
with wa~length dependent refractive indices reported by Llu et
al. 16 This as&umption ii hued on tht fact tNt ambient filters
indiQted th.U lllughly hal{ of the PM 15 was carboru~=us in
nature, combined with the fad that we did not observe the
pmence ofmaje>r ion related elements (Le., S) deposted to the
nwi>le targm, but did see • dominan~ of carbon particles m
the Jess th.m 3 Jim particle sizes. We also wume that I0% of
the particle$ less than 3 Jim are black carbon (BC) particles
13
with • refractive indi!I commonly used for soot particles. It is
likely that we overestimate the influence light •bsorption by
BrC and BC since we assume that all of the p.rtide• less th.m 3
11m are carbonaceous and not elemental or ionic in 04ture.
Aar059l optical dorth contributipns 'at.400· run for dust, BrC
and BC are estim.Ued to be 0.212, 0.144, and 0.0 I6 respectwtly,
highlighting the importance of hght extmction by <II three
components. The single scattering albedo at 400 artd 700 run is
e~timated to be 0.64 and 0.95, indicating ~t a significant
wount of light absorption occurs at near-ultraviolet w.ve-
lengths prefaentially to that at the longer 700 nm wavelength.
Figure 4a shows the swface ,reflectance of a pure marble
surface as well a.< the estimated surface reflect.tncc for severol
cases indoding the influence from each light absorbing
particulate component separately (BC0 BrC and dust), md
the case whta all components are combined. AI seen in th•
plot, BC aboorbo aaou all wawl•ngth.< evenly, with brown
carbon ahowing preferential absorption at .horter wavelengths
near 400 nm. Dust Nbstantially, reduces the surfw: reflectan~
at all WJvmngths, and preftrentially ~ at shorter waVelengths
due to the pte&e~~ce of hern'atite, Which absorbi at blue
wavelength$. When combined, dust, BrC, and.BC are estimated
to Nbstantially alter the surface rellectance with eohilnce<\
absorption. (i.t., lower value.~ of surface reflect.tnce) at •horter ·
wavelengthP
Figure 4<, ,~,. '· the estimated change in color of the wlute
surf.cc for,: ,.,,·,on of the light absorbing particles mea.sured
in Figure 3b over the two·month penod the targets werr
apOied. Resulti indiute that •eparate!y each component
contributet to the ~lor c:hange oi the T•J Mahal wh1tc marble
rurfaw. Foe' •.• ne (which we estimate to account for 1% of
811
(a)
0.7! I
0.70
!::.r
ioss !·
lo.so '
o..ts ,
I
0.40
I
~-----·-------
0 fO 045 0 50 0 55 0.60 0 &5 0 10
w-....(luft)
(h)
Figure 4. (a) F.strm.ted marble target •urface reAectance for • de•n
mrfue and surf.co area coverage of partld<'< h...,d on Figure J for
black carbon (BC), brown wbon I RrC), dU<t and all pwcles (BC
•BrCtdu.lt) (b) Change in color of white marble nuf•a for dust,
BrC, BC ~~<pmtely and combtned Valu"' m rarenthe<e< repr<<ent
fract10n of total suri= area concentnllon contnburt<l by eoch
component With AOD volue• e.<tim•ted hy eq I at 400 nm.
the total particle surfllce area) the color change results in a
gre}'lsh color given that the change m surface reflectance 1s
proportionally similar at each wavelength. Both BrC (- 30% of
the tot.! particle •urf"e area) and dust mfluen~ color ·with
preferential absorption in the lN resulbng in yellowiili-brown
hues. When combined, the perceived color of the surface shifts
toward darl<er shade.< of yeUow-hrown. It should be porn ted out
that our <ample target• were mo1mted for a relatively <hort time
( ~2 months) compared to the typ1cal time between cleanings
of the outer Taj Mah.al sw-Uces (severol years), and therefore 1t
may be expected that the percetved color of th,, marble t.rget
would be attenuated cm:npared to that of the whte surface< oi
the Taj Mahal. lndeed the marble target •urface did •ppear
wmewhat lighter m color an compared to the •:olor estimate• m
Fi&~Jre 4b, .!though quallt.tively were Slmtlar. There are several
uncertainties in estimating percetved color mduding the
loading, particle si7.e, and optical propemes. Analyses (included
m Sl 1ection S3) sugge•t that results .re moderately .Qeruitive to
hath particle loading and me, For example, iWiurnmg an
uncertainty of SO% for aerosol loading only moderately
inllUciJCCi the per~ived color a.nd does not change the
conclusions that both dust and carbonaceous particles
.contribute to the perceived color change of the T•j M•hol.
Ovenll, the results inditate that Ught absorbing particles play an
111\portant role in the discoloration of the T•J M.ahal mrface and
that dust, u well as BC ;md BrC that ue prim;uily from
biomass corhb.usllon, tram/refuse bummg, and mobile sources,
all make sigruficint contnbutions to the dtscoloratJon.
This worl< further sugge<L< that the depoSition of ltght
absorbtng particulate m•tter to hoth natural md human-made
<\lrt'aces rrsults in a <ub<itanttol di<colol':ltJOn tn regtons ot htgh
acro,ol loiding. The discoloration 1mpacts not only cultmal
Environmental Sdence & Technology

a.rtifac:tJ hut aL.. the ... thetics of the tnwonment through the (10) Schautr,J.J.; Rogge, W F.. H~demann, L M: M<mrek, M.A..
modiJiciban of surf.-e albedo, apd hence perce1ved color. The Cu.~. (J R.; Simont•t. R. R T..c;ourct apportionment of a.Lrbome
measurtment/rr:,.deling •ppro.Ch developed 1n thu paper put1culat~ matter u.ung orgam' compound.s as tracen•. A.tJtJM E,111ron

allows surfw! color changes to be estimated based on the
relative wounl! of hght •bsorhmg parucJe.< deposited to
surf>.ces, and= be used to develop future control s1r.1teg1e' to
prevent the discoloration of the enVIronment hy port1cJe
199<1, 30 (ll), 3R37-.lR.IS.
(I I 1 Rerg>n, M. H, \.roenwald. R.. Xu. J ·, Rerta, \'. Chame~des, W
!h lnftuencr nf .1~rn~ol drv depo~1tlon on photosynthet1L11lv .lct!vt'
l":i<hatll·n .wado~h!e to piJ.nt~· A 1.1~., ~hJI"i)' 11' th f" V.~ngt/4' rlelto~ rt'g1on
1

ol Chm~ Geophv& Rt.s L1tl 2.001, 28 (I H). 16t1S-.lli<lS

depoSition, t!ut will also improve aJr qua!Jty. · , I 'I RKchJ>Zll, I', Yanl' s: R' r;,,t,.r, C, Sowle, D SBDART A
rpse.uch ~d te~chmg softwnre tool for pllll~ ·pmlle!l oactatwe tr~n~:itr
• ASSOCIATED CONTENT 111 tht Earth's .\tmogpf\!'r(l'. Ru!L 4~ .\frtrrr(l/ S(l(, 19'>8. 7Q (In:

8 Supporting Information 2tOI-clt<

Supporting Information includes detail.< related to liitrr and
marble <WTogate Rurfa.:e mnplmg (S I), cl!emH:al anaiym nn
both the filters and marble surrogate >1lrTaces (S2), ~well as
the approach to estimate perceived color based on surface
rellect.nce (S3 ). Thu matenal JS available fret of charge via the
lllternet at bttp:/ /pubs.aQO.org.
• AUTHOR INFORMATION
Corresponding Authors
*Phqne: -404-894-9723; •·mail: mikt.bergm(iVce.gatech.edu.
*Phone: 91-512 Z.S9·7845; e·ma~l: snt(iViitk.ic.m.
Notes
The wthors declare no competing linanoal mterest
I 111 C•mro. C M., Rerwn. M. H .. Xtt. J. llJummn. V.. M•rin~. ll
Urban Jero.ol radiatwe propcrtlc~. Mea5UrcmtnL~ dnrmg rht !~)\)
.~tl•ot• Sur<""'tc E:tpenmen< I i;.nphv< Rt< .lt"'os lOO.l, /08 (0~).
I,
I 14) D'Andrade, R. G., Romnty. A. K A qu.mtltanvc model for
tnnsfomung reflectance <pectra mto th• MIU1<ell color 'P"c< w1ng
<One <enSJhvity funct1on• and opponent proc ... we~ghts Pror. Nat!
1\"'d. St1. U.S.A. 2003, 100 (10), 6281-62R6
(I>) SIJM, W. G N. Predicnon.< for parncle depnsrtoon to vegat•n><
c.noptei. M'"o" E••"•"· 1982, 16 (7), l78S-1794
( 16) Liu, J., llergm, M., Guo, H.: King, L..•Kotn, N.. Edgerton, E.;
Weber, R.. J. Siz.e..ruolvtd measuremtnt.c; of bretwn carbor. 1n w.atcr ilnd
meth;mo/ eJtra...~ .1nd !!.~timet~ ot thc1r ..;(\ntribuhon !~) ilmhlenl ~ne·
put!cit l1~ht •b•orphon AP.,m. (htm !'hy< UJI.l, lJ (24 ), I 2389-
1240-1

• ACKNOWLEDGME/ffi
This work was •upported by grants from the Indo US Science
and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) as well as from the U.S.
EPA (Grant No. RD8347990l), and the NSP PIRE Grant No.
l24.l535. In addition, chemJC<li a.n.lyses at liT Kanpur were
conducted by N. Rastogi and CM. Shukla. We are also grateful
for the efforts by the AS! Staff at the Ta1 Mahal. ·

• REFERENCES
(I) Sharma, P. J$.; Gupta, li .0., Dwt pollubon at the T>j M.WJ.A
we study. In Jlroudi•fl of RJUMJVNF.SCO CongrUJ; Tlue~ M. j.,
Ed: 199.>; pp I 1-18.
(2) Hida, B. 8.; Manju. K. Marble di=loranon at the Taj M.th•L A
propa"d explanation. ln 1COMOS 8th <rl"<rol ~rnh/y ond
1•tmuo'""'al Sympol'""'• W>ihington, DC. 1987; pp 3lS-332.
(3) Pr>iod, A. K.: s~ R.. p. Singh, A. Se;!IQllai climatology of
urO&Oi optial ·depth O'Ver the Indian subcontinent:. trend md
dcput)lr& in r>·a.t )lwo.' Tnt/. Run. S..U. 2006, 27 (12), lJlJ-Bl9.
(4) Dey, S 1·i ·,~ ~lamo, L.; van Donkelur, A.; Tnpithi, .1. N.;
Gupta, T.; .\k·t,.ut, M Vulability of outdoor tine partiCUlate (PMu)
co:u:entratiotl iu the Indian Subcontinent: A romote 1e1101ng approach.
Rem. SoN. E11111ro11 lOll, 127, ISJ-!61.
(S) Maaey, D. D.; Kulshre<thlo, A.; T<neJO, A. Partidllate matter
conuntntior · .. l c'lelr related metal toncity in 1'\IJ'al residentW
onvlronmont , .. o -.nd regton of !nella. AlmD• &w!'f' lOJJ, 67,
278-286.
(6) ~ A,; s.&angl, P. G.; Mo.ih, J.; Taneja, A, Metal
concentration oi "Mu 11\d PM 10 pvticle5 and <WOrW variatioN 1n
utban and runleomonment of Agn, India. Sc< Tot41 Eowtron. 2009,
407 (24), 6196-<,:::}1.
(7) Si!W>gi, l'. G.; Ku!oh.ruth., A.; TaneJa, /\.; R.o, P. S. P.
Mwure!MIIII of ~M 10 Uld PM,, ...oaol.s in Agra, a seJni.OJid. rogwn .
of India. 1114. J. Rlulio·Spoc, Phy< lOll, 40, UB-210.
(8) Arol.,A.; ~Uiter, G.; Myhre,, G.; ~S.; Dey, S.; Tripathi,
S. N. Inferring absorbing org.Nc co.rbon content from AERONET
dar.. AbnoL Chtm. PhyL lOll, 1J (1), 215-2.25.
(9) !Wnmath:111, V; Chung, C.; Kim, D.; Rettge, T.; lluJa, l.; K1ehl,
J. T.; W>ihinJl!On, W. 1M.; Fu, Q,; Sil<ka, D. R.; Wild. M. Atmo,ph<!tic
brown cloud.: lmpoct• on South Aiiao cliDJite .,d hydrolog~caJ cfde,
Pro" NaiL AL4d. Sc~ U.S.A lOOS, 102 (15), Sjl6-S33J.

812
 r--------1
!
262;
1
I;_ _____ ,,

..........,
PARLIAMENT OF INDIA
RAJYASABHA
L· ~PARTMENT·RELATEDPARLIAMENTARY STANDING
COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,
ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS

TWO HUNDRED SIXTY SECOND REPORT

01"

EFFECTS Of POLLUTION ON T AJ

(PRESENTED TO THE RA.JYA SABHA ON THE 21ST .Jl!LY, 2015)

(LAID ON THE TABLE OF THF: LOK SABHA ON TI-lE 22N° .JULY. 2015)

I . .q
. RAJY.A SA~HA SECRETARIAT
NEWDELHI .
- - - _ __::.J=UL:..::..:Y• 2015/ A~!.fADHA,J9j7(SAKA) ·----- __ ..
 CONTENTS

PA.GFS
I COMPOSIT!ON OF THE COM~!!TTEE (i)- (II)
2. PREFACE
'3. ACRONYMS
4. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE
'5. SUMMARY OF THE RECOIVIMENDA TIONS
'6. MINUTES OF THE MEETINGS OF THE COMMIITH
'7. INDEX OF REPORTS

• 1o be appended at printing stage

I .

MEMBERS OF THE DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY

STI\NDING COMMJTTEE ON SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,
ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS (2015-16)

I. Shri Ashwani Kumar - Chairman

RAJYA SABRA
2. Shri Ani! Madhav Dave V
3. Shri Prem Chand Gupta
4. Shri C.P. Narayanan
5. Shri Paul Manoj Pandian
6 Dr. T. Subbaram1 Reddy
7. Shri Arvind Kumar Singh
8. Shri Bhupinder Singh
9. Smt. Bimla Kashyap Sood
10. Shri Ronald Sapa Tlau
LOKSABHA
II. Shri Badruddin Ajmal
12. Shri Muzaffar Hussain Beig
13. Smt.· Bijoya Chakravarty
14. shri Pankaj Chaudhary
15. Shri Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan
16. Kum. Sushmita Dev
17. Sari Ninong Ering.
18. · Shri Laxman Giluwa
!9. Dr. K. Gopal
20. Shri Daddan Mishra·
2J. Shri Shivaji Adhalrao P.atil·
22. Shri Nana Patole
23. Shri Nagendra Kumar Pradhan
24. Shri Harinarayan Rajbhar
25. Smt. Sandhya Roy
26. Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh
27. Shri Nagendra Singh
28. Smt. Renuka Sinha
29. Shri Vilcram Usendi
30. Smt. Vasanthi M
• 3 1. Shri Chirag Paswan

SECRETARIAT
Shri M.K. Khan, Joint Secretary
Shri Rohtas, Director
Shri V.S.P. Singh. Joint Director
Shri Rajiv Saxena, Assistant Director
• Nominated w.e.f. 25 March, 2015.

\
 PREFACE

I, the dainnan of the Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on

Science & Technology, Environment & . Fores\S, havmg ·been authorized by the
C,,11mittee to present the Report on its behalf, present this Two Hundred and Sixty-
second Report on 'Effects of Pollution on Ta,i'.
2. TI1e Committee heard the various \1fficers of C~ntral Government and State
Government of Uttar Pradesh on the subject in 1ts meeting held on IOth January •. 20 J 5.
The Committee also undertook a study visit to Agra on the Iom and II rh April. 2015 and
heard the representatives of Civil Society Organi.zat1ons/NGOs and mdustr.wl un1ts as
well as the concerned Central and State Government officers on the Iorh April, 2015.
3. The Committee expresses its thanks to the officers of the Central Government and
State Government of Uttar Pradesh and Civil Soc1ety Orgamzations/NGOs and industrial
units for rendering their valuable views/replies to clarifications sought by the' Committee.
4. In its meeting held on 3rd July, 2015, the Committee considered the draft report and
adopted the same.
'

NEW DELHI: ASHW ANI KUMAR

Jrd July, 1015 Chairman,
Departmtfl/-reJouti Parlia'me11toty Stot~tiifll( CniHIIfitlet
on Science & Tech11ology, Enviro11men1 & Forests

.....-,..
 REPORT

GENESIS i
I. The Taj Mahal. a national monument and an iconic image of India. attracts
millions of visitors every year. A study by two scientistS at· the Indian Institute of
Technology (Kanpur) m the jownal Environmental Science & Technology of American
Chemical Society had claimed discolouration of the Taj Mahal due to particulate carbon
and dust deposition. Results indicated that light-absorbing dust, black carbon and brown
carbon, generated from combustion of fossil fuels and biomass were responsible for its
discolouration. Their findings suggested that the deposition of light absorbing particulate
matt~r in regions of high aerosol loading were not only influencing cultural heritage but
aloe the aesthetics of both natural and urban surfaces. These findings were reponed in the
media and the entire nation was concerned about it.
2. In this background, the De]lartment related Parliamentary Standing Committee on
Science & Technology, Environment & Forests decided to take up the subject 'Effects of
Pollution on Taj' for its examination.and regort. ·
3. In irs meeting held on the 10 Jan~ 2015, the Committee heard the
representAtives of the Union Ministry of Environment: Forest & Climate Change, Central
Pollution Control Board, Taj Trapezium Zone' Authority, Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control
Board (UPPCB) and the Archaeologicai·Survcy of India, on the subJect.
Tal Trapezium Zone
4. The Committee was informed by the MinistrY of Environment, Forest & Climate
Change that various orders have been passed by the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India (with
reference to the WC 13381/1984, M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India and others) for
improvement of environmental quahty m TaJ Trapezium Zone for protection of TaJ
MahaL Some important directions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court regarding protection of
Taci Mabal were as under:
(i) Shifting of industries from T~j Trapezium in a phased manner
(ii) the atmospheric pollution tn TTZ has to be elimmated at any cost. \Jot
even one percent chance can be taken when human life apart the
preservation of prestigious monumentS like Taj is mvolved.
(iii) Those industries, which neither apply for gas nor for alternative mdustrial
<, plot, shall stop functioning. Supply of coal;coke to the said industry shall
be stopped forthwith.
\,./
(iv) Construction of Agra bypass to divert all the traffic
(v) To ensure uninterrupted clecuictty to the nz
(vi) The city should be provtded with scientifically designed, constmcted and
operated sewerage system with high priority.
(vii) Proper parking and traffic management for Taj
\. (viii) Regular monitoring of Ambient Air Quality in ,and around l'aj.
5. Ministry of Environment, Forest &. Climate Change. Government of India
declared Agra-Mathura region as ai,r ~ll~].9..n protected a~~ namely .the TaJ Trapeztum
Zone (TIZ) in the 'leat 19&3.. The Taj Trapezium Zone Po ution (Prev~ntion & Control)
Authority, the trapezium (area 10400 sq.km.) bounded between 26° 45'N & 77° 15'E to
27° 45' N & 7i' 15'E in the west of theTa} Mahal and in the East of Taj Mahal between
27°00'N & 78°30'E to 27°30'N & 78°30'E, for protection and 1mprovement . of the
environment in the TTZ, was created v1de notification dated May 17, 1999 under the
Chairmanship of Commissioner, Agra Division consisting of the following members-
]. Commissioner, Agra Division Chairman
 2. Chainnan, UP. State Pollution Control Board Member
3. D.I.G. of Police, Agra Range Member
4. Mqmber-Secretary, CPCB Member
5. A representative of the MoPNG Member
6., A representative of the MoEF, Go! Member
7. A representative of the AS! · Member
8. Vice-Chairman, Agra Development Authority Member'
6. The Authonty was reconstituted by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Chan~e, Government of India vide notification dated 14th January. 2015 and the number
of members increased to !8. ·
7. Stating the problems of TTZ, the Chairman of TTZ informed the Committee that
no administrative set-up has been constituted for TTZ Authority. Therefore, no
mechanism is available to implement the decisions of the TTZ Authority. Vice-Chairman,
Agra Development Authority is the Member Convener and therefore routine works of
TTZ Authority are discharged by a few officers of Agra Development Authority. For all
i r? Lic.al purposes, TTZ Authority is not functio11Ulg optimally as it consists of only
..• bers with no supporting staff. No budget is allocated for proper functioning of TTZ
Authority. As regards the funds released by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and
Clirr.at.e Change to the Authority during the last three years, the Committee was informed
,1o funds were released by .the M.inistry. during the last three years. The routine
~xpenditure of TTZ Authority is provided by· Agni Oevelopment Authority. The routine
~,·,enditure involves filing of regular affidavits in the. Hon'ble Supreme Court on behalf
ot Chainnan of TTZ Authority and Chief Secretary of Uttar Pradesh on behalf of Mission
lk:nagement Board, to organize regular meetings of TTZ Authority; honoraria to one
clerk and two peons, postage, refreshment, stationary, etc. ·
8. The Committee was informed by the representative of Taj Trapezium Zone
Authority that the important actions taken by various agencies for improvement of
environmental quality m TTZ for protection ofTaj Mahal were as under:-
,. (i) Closure of coal based Thermal Power Plants ·
· (ii) Diesoliiation of Railway Yards ,
, (iii) Prohibition of establishment/expansion of polluting industries
(iv) Closure of coal/coke based industries at Agra & closure of polluting
industries, except those equipped with adequate Pollution Control
\
j Systems in TTZ.
l (v) Closure of Approx. 450 Brick Kilns within TTZ
i (vi) Supply of Natural Gas to Mathura Refinery and Industries of Agra &
I Firozabad in phased manner
/ (vii) Setting up of improved Sulphur Recovery Units at Mathura Refinery
i (viii) Supply of ultralow sulphur Diesel to vehicleslindustries/O.G sets in A1,rra
I (ix) Restriction of plying of Petrol, diesel driven vehicles around 500 meter of
Taj Mahal.
(~) Plying of Battery operated Buses and other vehicles within 500 1neter of
taj Mahal.
(xi) Fixation of age for public and commercial vehicles
(xii) No new registration of age barred vehicles
(xiii) Use of Gas/Eco-friendly fuel by industries
' (xiv) Supply of CNG for vehicles at Agra
(xv) Green belt development & other infrastructure development near
monuments.
 , (xvi) Ban on burning of biomass. leather cuttmgs and cow dung in Agra
specially areas near Taj Mahal.
(xvii) i Constitution of task force for development of Taj Heritage Corridor area
by Archaeological SUNey of India (AS I).
(xviii) Approval of Rs. 167 crore project for upgrading civic amenities around
-. Taj Mahal.
( 'J. The Committee is aghast to note that no administrative setup has been

~
' constituted for TTZ Authority and as such no mechanism is available to implement
L.;: ~eciliou of the TTZ Autherity. A.s admitt;ed by TTZ Authority, for all practical
1lurposes TTZ 'Authority is not functioning optimally as it consists of only members
! with no supporting staff. Further, no budget is allocated for proper functioning of
T'l Z Authority. The Committee is· ·at a loss to ·understand as to how the TTZ
Authority, created to monitor progress of the implementation of various schemes for
protection of tbe Taj Mabal and programmes for protection and improvement of the
environment In tbe said area, has been functioning since its creation In 1999. The
Committee, therefore, recommends that Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change should provide the necessary financial support, manpower and
infrastructure to the TTZ Authority without any further delay, so that it is able to
effectively discharge Its functions .
. '10. During the meeting of the Comminee held on 10 1" Januarv. 2015. the Committee
v.:as informed ~h,~e Director-General, Archa~ological Survey ~llndla that the- main
cause was dust articles on surface of the stories. They were regularly cleaningwith
. an intervention analT:its practice e ec IVC y removes the superfictal layer. A~ far as
, ' the stone surface, which is absorbing the pollutants m the rorous surface. more effective
l ~uresweie-ieqiiJred to be taken. For that, eff~cuve pres.erv,atiYe cnat~
{ b_e Tdentihed_and evaluated. Treatment of dome of T~i Mahal is under constderation
, b~use there are some problems for raisin ~the scaffolding and the load bearing capacity
of that PortiOn was to e examined. The paper on it was yet to he published and it had
gi"t some conclusions.
ft. Not satisfied with the presentations/submissions made before the ~ommittee and
to :1ave first hand information on the spot, the Committee decided to visit Agra on the I01"
and 11lh April, 2015. At Agra, the Committee heard the representatives of Civd Soctety
Originations!NGOs and industrial units. etc. on adverse effects of pollution on the Taj
Mahal. A Jist of the members of NGOs/Civil Society present in the meeting held at Agra
on 1Olh April 2015 and copies of representations teceive4 are at Annexu~e I & II. The
following points were brought to the notice of the Committee dunng discussion -
(i) Schemes to protect and improve environment iri TTZ area were not being
executed due to non-availability of Secretariat and required officers,
engineers. scientists etc. and non-availability <lf budget and lapse of
Central allocation for TTl for want· of matching budgetary provisions by
the State Government.
Directions of the Supreme Court regarding tapping of two Nalas namely,
NaJa Mantola and Shamsbcm Nala still await implementation. ,
(iii) Construction of Agra Barrage and water supply of Agra barrage is yet to be
C<Jmpleted to supply drinking water to the residents of Agra and to bring
life to river Yamuna, which is next to the Taj Mahal.
(iv) A large portion of·city waste/sewage (raw) is dumped in the river.
(v) Solid waste collectio!l and disposal mechanism is totally inadequate.
(vi) Sewerage network covers only half of city area.
 , (vii) Traffic congestion and jams remain the order of the day.
(viii) Widespread encroachments on public land and green belts.
(ix) Green belts, parks, gardens are dwindling fa,t.
(x) Aoout 24 major drains directly discharge effluents and sewage into the
river.
(xi) Two third of A~ Fort is occupied by Military personnel who take diesel
vehicles inside.the·Fort and also cook food inside the Fort.
(xii) Despite orders of Supreme Cotu1, no action has been taken to stop the
illegal expansion of factories whi.ch were em1tting N02 sulphur, petro coke
and did not comply with the pollution norms.
(xiii) Representatives of Glass Manufacturer Associations stated that their
manufayturing units were using :natural gas which conformed with the
specified pollution norms and ltterefore, ought not to be disturbed.
(xiv) thousands of cattle regularly bathe in what remains of river Yamuna &
resultantly, the excreta !Tom the animals 'is discharged in the Yamuna
further polluti~g the surroundings of the Taj.· ·
Measures taken · · . . ·
12. In the I ight of Committee's discussion on 1au. January, 2015 in Delhi. the Ministry
of Environment, Forests & Climate Change stated that following measures have been
taken to protect the Taj from pollution: ·
• Burning of cow dung has been banned in Agra and 8 FTR's have been filed
against persons violating the ban imposed.
• 62,592 plants on an area of 56.90 hac. hilVe been planted in the vicmity of TaJ
Mahal during the Ia~! four years.
• Cycle patrolling has been started by security officers responsible for Taj
security.
• Solar traffic signals have been installed at 13 Important intersections of the
major roads.
• Construction on Inner Ring road joining Kanpur road to Gwalior road has
already begun which will result in decongestion of major anenes of Agra and
thereby reducing vehicular pollution.
• To provide pollution free ma-;s transport for the daily commuters Government
of U.P. has appointed RITES Lim !led (under Ministry of Railways. Govt 6f
' India) to conduct feasibility and DPR for Agra Metro Rail proJect. An
agreement ha'i already been signed between Agra Development Authonty and
RITES Limited on 26 03.2015
• A separate cycle track has been planned by Public Works Department for
Fatehabad road and Shilpgrarn road to reduce vehicular movement around TaJ
Mahal.
• Mathura refinery is gradually swttching over to natural gas from 50% in the
year 1996 to 58.8% in 2014-15. At present natural gas 1,1sed is 58.8%. 27.8%
· refine~ gas 'and remaining is furnace oil as fuel. ·
• Four cyclone separators are being used by Mathura Refinery to reduce
particulate matter.
• Several punitive actions have been taken against persons selling coal to petha
rhan)li'acbn-er and the'reby forcing petha manufactures near Taj Mahal to shift
to petha nagari in Kalindi Vihar. ·
• A.S.l. is undertaking greening or' barren land between Agra Fort & Taj Mahal.
 • farks have been developed by Agra p~velopment Authority to increase green
cover.
13. The Committee was further inforined that air pol,lution has become a concern not
only for health issues of common man but also for Cultural Heritage. There have been
consistent efforts to minimize the impact of Air Pollution on Taj due to emitting gaseous
and solid effluents from different sources like burning ·of fossil fuels. organic carbon and
ef;i .. ~nts coming from the industries. Air Pollutants may be divided into two forms
namely Gaseous form like Oxides of Carbon, \iitrogen and Sulphur. and Solid form like
Suspended particulate Matter (SPM) including Carhon and Dust.
14. Above two forms of Air Pollukints arc liable to act on all types oi huildmg
materials both physically and chemically and there are two ways of mteracuon of these
pollutants with the building materials, namely Wet Deposition and Dry Deposition. Wet
deposition is a process by which gaseous forms of pollutants react With moisture of the
environment and get converted into actdic form but. in very mild concentration. This
acidic form IS liable to react with the marble which is considered to he more prone to he
attacked by these acidic forms and may induce corrosiOn of the stone. ·
15. The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring at Taj Mahal has indicated that the annual
average concentration of gaseous pollution (S02 & N02) are within prescnped limtt
16. Dry deposition is comparatively les& hannful if not charged heavily with the
acidic components. An Action Plan has been prepared by Archaeological Survey of India
to minimize the effect of chemical pollutant~ on Taj Mahal.
17. Regarding improvement of air quality of Agra city and control of pollutiOn around
TaJ Mahal, various steps have been taken by different authorities for com'plying wtth the
onkr ofHon'ble Supreme.Court in writ petition (civil) no. 1331\1 of 1984 [Further in
compliance of Hon'ble Supreme Court's order dated 05.04.2002 in W.P. No. 13029 of
l ': c, l.he U.P. Pollution Control Board has rrepared a comprehensive Action Plan which
inciudes city gas network for vehicle!domestic sector/hotels/industries e\c. 1 installation of
automatic traffic lights & signals at the main crossmgs of Agra City. massive plantation.
phJsing out of old vehicles, up-gradation of PUC system. by passing transit traffic.
strengthening of air quality monitoring network, management of Municipal Solid· Waste
& Bio-Medical Wastes etc. the above Action Plan is under implementation & the progress
is being reviewed by Taj Trapezium Zone. Pollution (Prevention & Control)
Authority/Govt. of U.P.!MoEF&CC.
18, In, addition, U.P. Pollution Control Board has prepared an 'Action Plan' while
seeking the current progress of the implementation of projects completed, u~der progress
and proposed environmental improvement of the industrial clusters of Agra City
including Air, Water and land dimensions for overall improvement of Comprehensive
Enviro,nmental Pollution Index (CEPI) which will certainly contribute towards the better
environment & control of Pollution around Taj Mahal & other significant monuments. Taj
Trapezium Zone Pollution (pre.vention & Control) Authority, Agra in its 32nd meeting
held on 07,01.2015, following main decisions have been taken to reduce the pollution
load in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ).
l. To restrict the esfablishment of new gas based air pollution industries and
increase in production capacity of old established industries with immediate
effect. ·
2. No concerned department like Zila Udyog Kendra, State Pollution Control
Board, Gas Authority of India Ltd. and others can grant No Objection
Certificate without prior permission tram TTZ Authority to restrict transfer,
diversification and capacity enhancement.
 19. ' DUring the meeting of the Committee held at Agra on Ioth April, 2015 the
Committee enquired about the measures taken by TTZ Authority to reduce black and
brown carbons.r Through a power-point presentation, the Committee was informed by the
TTZ Authority that the Authority had taken the following recent measures to reduce black
. carbon, brown carbon ~nd dust particles:·. · · ·
(a). Black Carbon
(i) Agra Metro rail approved, which will reduce number of private
vehicles ·on roads
(ii) 6 new CNG filling stations to come up in 2015-16 (in addition to
existing six) ·
(iii) Goods carriers prohibited from plying in Taj vicinity w.c.f. 1.1.20 15.
(iv) Diesel/petrol goods ·carrie~ prohibited from ·clty limits w.e.f
1.8.~015.
(v) 12 k:rn long bicycle track to come up in 2015.
, (b) Brown Carbon
(i) Crackdown on petty manufactupng units still using coal as fuel-66
petha units sealed during past 3 months.
(ii) Ban on burning of cow dung cakes as fuel within city limits-28 F!Rs
lodged in past month.
(c) Dust Particles
(i) 62,592 trees planted in Taj Forestry block abutting Taj Mahal during
last 4 years.
(ii) Greening of open space between Agra Fort and Taj Mahal being
undertaken by ASTin 2015.
(iii) Agra Barrage announced by UP government on river Yamuna.
20. The Authority also apprised the Committee that it intend~ to take the following
steps as part of its future plans to contain pollution in TTZ area ·
(i) 250, 000 more trees to be planted in 2015 and 2016 in TTZ by Forest
Department.
(ii) Development of Agra as a SOLAR CITY by Agra Municipal
Corporation.
(iii) Rules under preparation for battery operated three-wheelers (e-
rickshaws) to eventually replace autos.
(iv) Dredging of Yamuna River to increase water pooling behind Taj
Mahal.
21. The Committee takes note of the recent measures taken by the TTZ
Authority and Its future plans to reduce pollution in the area 'to minimize its adverse
effects on the J'aj ~hal. The Cominittt!e recommends that these measures should
be implement¢ ln. true spirlt an~ within· a specified time frame through an
interactive engagement between the ·State Goveniment, Municipal and Central
Government agencies. Effectlye steps ·should be taken by all the concerned
authorities to ensure that the futu~e of Taj as a synibol of India's cultural heritage Is
not hostage to environmental degradation. ·
AFFOREST ATIQN ACTIVITIES
22 During its journey from Delhi to Agra by road. the Comm1ttee observed that there
was no greenery/plantation on either side of the Yamuna Expressway. The
representatives of civil society organizations/NGOs at Agra had also highlighted that
green belts, parks, gardens were dwindling fast due to encroachment etc. The Committee.
h il::ore, sought to know the details of the afforestallon actlvJ!Jes undertaken 1n the TTZ
w·«>..a. The TTZ Authority mformed the Committee that -
(i) lh Writ Petition (Civil) 133W1984 MC Mehta VIs Union of India and
others, Hon'ble Supreme Court in iL-; order dated 11.04.1994 directed the
Ministry of Envlionment and Forest, Government of Ind1a to develop a
Green Belt around Taj Mahal.
(ii) Plantation for development of .green belt' around Ta.J Mahal was done under
a centrally sponsored scheme "Integrated AtTore!ltation and Eco-
Development Project (I AEO)-Taj Afforestation Project, National
Afforestation and Eco-Developmcnt Board (NAEB). , Ministry of
Environment and Forest.
(iii) Pursuant to Hon'ble Supreme Court's order 155ll50 plants on 142 hectare
are reported to have been planted in the year 1995-96. (1\o of spots · 33)
(iv) In I996-97, plantation of :2I 25 saplings on 15.6 hectare 1s clauned to have
been achieved around TaJ Mahal. (No. ofspot>-3).
(v) In 1997-98 plantation of 52900 saplings on 33. I 72 hectare wa' claimed
around Taj Mahal and in other nearby areas. (No. of spots-11)
(vi) From 1995-96 to 1997-98 a total of230875 plants were planted on 190.77
ha. under Taj Afforestation Project.
(vii) Hon'ble Supreme Court in its judgment dined 30.12.1996 tnent1oned that
"Green belt as recommended by NEERl has been set up around Taj.
Pursuant to continuous monitoring of this Court, the Green Belt has
become a reality." .
(viii) ln 2011 plantation on an area of 56.90 ha. was done in T(\j Forest Block
abutting the Taj Mahal. Total numbers of plants is 62592.
23. In· response to another query, the Committee was informed that different
departments of the State Government had·taken permission to cut trees to carry out some
civil work. While passing the order, the Supreme Court had directed that more trees
should be planted in lieu of those trees that were being cut However, because of a
conflict of opinion between the; Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change and State Forest Department, funds were not readily available for this plantation
exercise. The ma.tter was brought to the notice of Supreme Court as a result of which
some officers of the State Forest Department had to face disciplinary action. The
Committee was further informed that funds had now been released by the Union Ministry
of Environment, Forests and Climate Change to the State Government and a programme
has been chalked out to plants more trees during the next two years.
24. Th~ Committee is of the view that plandng trees Is one of the most effective
WI)'$ tO: combat jlir pollution. Deforestation and cutting of trees plays havoc on
,_ : ··~·onment. The Committee, therefGre, recommends that massive afforestation
. . ise should be undertaken by the TTZ Authority, which is not an expensive
alTair but can contribute a lot toward$ solving the problem of pollution plaguing the
citY of Taj. The TTZ Authority should als() conSider involving NGOsllocal populace
~ ' :,>rlvate sector In the afforestation activities.. The concerned authorities should
~do consider planting trees on the 'side..~ of the Yamuna Expressway. The
Committee also recommeads that the Union Ministry. of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change and the State Government should devise a coordination mechanism
a:td ensure massive afforestation and plantation activities in the TTZ Area.
STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
25. The Committee was further informed that TTZ Authority had initiated a study on
Environmental} Management Plan by National EnVironmental Engineering Research
Institute (NEER!), Nagpur in December; 2013. Based on the in-depth analysis of air
quality status and different sources of air pollution in TTZ area and also measures already
implemented in the past in different sectors, management plan of improvement in air
quality has been suggested by NEERI, Nagpur m' "Environmental Management Plan of
Agra!TTZ"(2013-14) in the following ;lreas:
• Industrial Pollution Control
• Vehicular Pollution Control
• Road Network and Traffic Management
• DG sets
• Other un-accounted Sources/activities
• Strengthening of Air Quality Monitoring and continuous Assessment
• Green belt development/ Massive Plantation
• Awareness & Public Participation (Area/Ward/City Development Teams)
26. Based on the suggestions given by NEER!, the following projects have been
formulated by different departments:- ·
l. Construction oflnner Ring Road
2. Widening of ROB on M.G. Road
3. Upgradationllnfrastructure creation Project with following components:
(a) Upgradation ofTnter-State Bus Station in Transport Nagar, Agra
(b) Workshop for long route buses in Guru Ka Taal
(c) Creation of Satellite Bus Terminals at Agra-Fatehpur Sikri Road, Agra-
Gwalior Road, Agar-Kanpur Road.
27. The Committee was infonned by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change that based on the report of NEERI, the Ministry had identified I0 projects
;..·;·."~nting to Rs. 220 crore and had submitted the same to the Government of Uttar
, .• ~sh to approve them so that the Central Govenunerit could give 50% of the share for
the implementation of the proje~ts from a Centrally Sponsored scheme for the protection
of the Taj. ·However, inspite of their having raised' the issue at the highest level, the
:•.: · val of the State Government ·to·· t~e projects· is still awaited. However, the
itpresentative of the 'State Government expre-ssed inability to provide their share for the
pnjects due to the shortage of funds .
28. The Committte observes that the State Government of Uttar Pradesh has
e.1.pressed Its inability to provide funds for management plan of improvement In air
quality In TIZ. The Committee Is of the view that a project of national importance
such as Taj cannot be allowed to suffer due to shortage of funds/want of matching
contributions by the State Government the in providing the necessary 11nancial
assistance for the project$ recommended hy :"'EERT. The Committee feels that the
Central Government should take the initiative to impress upon the Government of
UP to contribute its share for the implementation of the projects to the extent
possible and whatever shortfall is there, should be provided by the Central
Government.
SOURCES OF POLL UTI Or\
29. The Committee was informed by Mmistry of Environment. Forest and Climate
Change that major sources of pollution in Agra affecting the Taj Mahal were as under:
(i) Vehicular Pollution
 (ii) Emissions from lndustry (Foundry. Petha, Electroplating. rubber, chemtcal
& engineering industnes)
(iii) cDcnscts (used during power cut 1i1" hotds, mdustries. commercial
establishments, houses, etc,)
(iv) Burning of bio-mass, usc of fuel in domestic sector,
(v) Re-suspension dust (Road. open area<;, transport from other areas etc,)
(vi) Un-organized sector like sweet shops, restaurants. etc
(vii) Other activities (construction, stone cutting etc,)
MEASURES FOR REDUCING POLLUTION
Vehicular Pollution in Agra
30, Vehicular pollution has become one of the major sources of air pollution ,in the
country and Agra is no exception to it. The Comrtlittee was informed ohat other than
industries, vehicular pollution is the major factor affecting the Taj MahaL As per the
records ofRTO, Agra total number of vehicles in Agra district have increased from about
4.0 lakhs to 6,4 lakhs in a span of R years (from 2003-04 to 2010-11) wit~ an overall
annual average growth rate of about 7.'6%, In Agra district, about 7,45 lakh commercial
and non-commercial vehicles were plying on road (as on January. 20 13), Besides the
:novement of registered vehicles in the Agra and TTZ area, a large number of all
c::.tegories of vehicles come from nearby states/cities like Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya
Pradesh and UP itself Mov,ement of all these vehicles for tourist as well as. commercial
activities also results in significant air pollution through vehicle exhausts. Movement of
:arge number of vehicles in the TTZ area contributes not only to air pollution through the
exhaust pipes but also due to their movement on roads. Further. re-suspension of road
d·:~t in large quantity also contributes to the total paniculate matter (SPMIPM 10),
31, The .Committee sought to know the steps taken to reduce vehicular pollution and
to overcome the problem of traffic congestion by the different authorities in Agra. The
Committee was informed by TfZ Authority that the following steps had been taken by
different authorities to contain the effects of vehicular pollution on the Taj Mahal and to
overcome the problem of traffic congestioo:-
(i) ' Construction of Inner Ring rmid joining Kanpur road to Gwalior road has
already begun which will result in decongestion of major arteries of Agra
and thereby reducing vehicular pollution, ,
(ii) To provide pollution free m~s transport for the daily commuters,
,,-, Government of Uttar· Pradesh, has appointed RITES Limited (under
Ministry of Railways, Govcmmcnt of India) to conduct feasibility and
DPR for Agra Metro Rail Projeci, An agreement has already been signed
between Agra Development Authority and RfTES Limited on
26.03.2015. . '
(iii) A separate cycle track has been planned, by Public Works Department for
Fatehabad road and Shilpgram road to reduce vehicular movement
around Taj MahaL ·
(iv) Restriction of plying of Petrol, diesel driven vehicles .U.ound 500 meter of
Taj MahaL
(v) Plying of Battery operated Buses and other vehicles within 500 meter of
Taj MahaL
(vi) Fixation of age for public and commercial vehicles
(vii) No new registration of age barred vehicles
(viii) Supply of CNG for vehicles at Agra
 I '

32. The Committee feels that Increased vehicular traffic in Agra is becoming a
huge source of pollution and Is <me of the factors adversely affecting the Taj Mahal.
The Committee notes the steps taken by tbe Government to contain vehicular
pollution and recommends that measures taken should be implemented strictly to
obviate any relaxation so that the beauty of the Taj could be saved.
'· ·. ' ·~trial Pollution
Industrial pollution is yet another maJor source of pollution 1n the TTZ area which
~c adversely affecting the Taj Mahal. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Chan~e identified the following matn sources of industrial pollution:
(a) ' The major atr polluting mdustries in Agra inclt,~de Cupola, Induction
furnace, Rubber, Chemical and Engmcering industries, which arc currently
using electricity; CNG supplied by GAIL and are reported to comply with
the standards laid down by MoEFCC. Appropriate air pollution control
systems (APCS) have been Installed in these air polluting units.
(b) There are about 194 ( 190 glass industries + 4 Pakai Bhatti associations)
glass based industries manufacturing mainly glass bangles, glass beads,
_,... , glass rods, glass tubes/shell, glass wares and glass blocks in TTZ area of
Firoz~ad. · DG sets· are mstalled in almost all the glass industries in
Firozabad District, which are ll'lDStly based on natural Gas.
(c) Mathura Refmery is one of the major industries in Mathura. Besides, there
are other small & medium scale industries in the region.
(d) Due to proximity to Keoladev National Park. industries could not be
.developed in Bharatpur Region. Pre~ently, Perfect Sanitary Pipe and other
small and medium scale industries mat1Ufacturing/producing agricultural
equipments, tin container, animal fodder etc. are operating in Bharatpur. For
systematic industrial development, Rajasthan Industrial Development and
Investment Corporation (RliCO) was ·established in 1984. However.
industrial development in the region is yet to. b(! achieved.
(c) Apart from the organized sectors there are a large number of small
scalelcottagei11ousehold activities which contribute towards air pollution. In
Agra. besides foundries, there are pctha (sweet item) manufacturing units
and also more than 2000 halwam. 500 kumhars and hharhhuJas whtch use
coal, cow dung, wood and agro-wastcs.
34. The Comrmttee was further informed that some steps taken for control of
industrial pollution were as under:
(i) Use of natural Gas as fuel in Industries. A dedicated nerwork har; heen
created by Gas authority of India.
(ii) 'PNG is being supplied to !;{)me residential/commercial areas. Expansion 1s
planned in phased manner.
(iii) Adequate supply of LPG has been ensured for domestic use.
(iv) Encouraging pethalbangles micro unit~ to switch from coal to LPGiCNG
and shifting to designated areas.
(v) Setting deadline of 31.7.20 !5 for converting small commercial vehicles
(loaders) to CNG.
(vi) Prohibition of the expansion ofeXISting gas based industries'.
(vii) Providing instant gas connectwns as incentive.
J.>. In response to a query as to whether the chemical pollutants from mdustnes in and
around Agra were affecting the Taj Mahal adversely, the Committee was mformcd that
t! : : olluting industries in and around Agra are e.quippcd with air po,llution control
dev1ces. The industries were operating on CNG or electricity. Further. the Amb1ent Air
~' 1lity Monitoring at Taj Mahal has indicated that the annual. average concentrations of
gaseous pollution (S02 and N02) are within prescribed limit
36. The Committee notes with concern the sources. of industrial pollution in TTZ
Area, which have been adversely aff~cting the Taj Mahal. The Committee
recommends that Government should look into the allegation of illegal expansion of
factories which were emitting N01, sulpher and petro coke and did not comply to the
pollution norms, in violation of the orders of Supreme Court and take not only
necessary punitive action but preventive measures too against such Industries. The
concerned authorities should also ensure that air pollution control systems (APCS)
are installed in these air polluting uni~. The Committee also recommends that the
Government should not only encourage the industries, including th~ petha and
bangle units, to shift to designated areas but also facilitate their efforts to shift to
new places.
Pollution due to use ofDG Sets
37. One of the important. directions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court regarding
protection of Taj Mahal was to ensure unintel11lpted electricity supply to the Taj
Trapezium Zone. However, the Committee was informed by the representatives of civil
so, ~ty organizations/ NGOs that irregular supply of electricity in the region forces the
..:onsumers to use DG sets for commercial as we II as domestic purposes and the use of DG
St:t.s in whole TTZ area, especially in Agra, is considered as a major source of air
pollutio~. DG sets are instaited in almost all the glass based industries in Firozabad
district. These DG sets are operated with natural gas. DG sets are also deployed as
alternative electricity source in many Health Care Facilities (HCFs), which include all
types of hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, pathological labs, etc. DG Sets are also
installed in some commercial places such as batiks .and hotels. In Mathura also, DG Sets
are installed in Industries .and commerciat/r~idential premises like schools, hospitals,
romplexes·and'hotels, etc. ·
38. Since 24 hour electricity to TTZ ~rea was one of the dircctio~s of the Supreme
Court, the Committee enquired from the ITZ Authority as to whether the directions given
by the Hon'ble Supreme Court were being complie'd with by the TTZ Authority. The
Committee was informed that nearly all the directions of the Supreme Court had been
implemented. However, as regards unintel11lpted power supply to TTZ Arca, the
directions had not been fully implemented. Since there was a shortage of electricity in
. Pradesh, the TTZ was getting about l H-19 hours of electricity every day, which.
t.••·.<ryer, was much better than many other districts of Uttar Pradesh.
39. The Committee is of the view that use of DG sets in TTZ Area is one of the
r ·II'\'' sources of air pollution, whiCh has been adversely affecting the beauty of the
". Tbe Committee recommends that the Government of Uttar Pradesh must make
all out efforts to implement the direction of Hon'ble Supreme Court regarding 24-
h~ .. r power supply to the TTZ area ~o that the use of DG sets is avoided and Its
a/Jverse impact on the Taj Mahal be minimized.
40. The Committee feels that by not fully implementing the Supreme Court
direction of 24 hour electricity suppl)' to the TT7-. the TTZ Authority was making
itself liable for contempt of Supreme Court. The TTZ Authority has also not sought
any exemption from the Supreme Court in this regard. The Committee therefore,
recomme•ds that In order to avoid contempt of Court, the TTZ Authority should
approach the Supreme Court and highlight the constraints'-'in providing '24 hour
power supply in TIZ areas and seek an amendment of the direction issued in this
regard, till such time they are able to provide 24 hour power supply in the area.
PoUution from Cremation Groun·d · · ·
41. Attention of the Committee was also drawn to a cremation ground in Agra which
was also a source of pollution affcctmg the Taj Mahal. The Committee desired to know
as to whether any steps had been taken by the concerned authorities to shit! the cremation
ground, Chairman, TTZ Authority informed the Committee that the cremation ground
was located close to the Taj Mahal and it had been there for hundreds of years. To shift it
from there was a challenging task. However, a new electric crematorium had been built
next to the traditional cremation ground and they had been trying to persuade the people
not to bum the dead in the traditional manner but to use the electric crematorium. He
further stated that it was not easy for the people to change their traditional rituals.
42. The Committee is of tbe view the cremation ground close to the Taj Mahal
adversely affects the Taj Mahal. The Committee ruommends that there should be
no let up in the e.ffom of the ~vernment to shift the cremation ground and to make
people understand to switcb over to: the electric crematorium to burn their dead in
an eco-friendly manner wsave the Taj ·rrom its adverse effects.
Ireatmegt of SoUd and Liquid Wastes ·
43. The Committee was informed by the .representatives of civil society
organizations/NGOs that a large portion of city waste/sewage goes into the river Yamuna
untreated. Further, solid waste collection and dis.posai mechanism is inadequate and
sewerage network covers only half of city area. The Committee desired to know as to
what steps had been taken to ensure that the dchris and sewerage of the city were hcing
,; . ;ed off. The Committee was informed hy the Municipal Commissioner, Agra that 9
f:.:werage Treatment Plants have been constructed to treat .the sewerage flowing into
Yamuna, one out of which was under construction. Total capac1ty of these STPs were
/~f\ ~() mid. However, some of the STPs were old and were not working to their full
.. •.~1ty. Attention of the Committee was also drawn to the bathing of buffalos etc m
the water bodies around the Taj Mahal. ·
4•.. The Committee is of the "iew that degradation of Yamuna hed Is quite
evident and is visible to the naked eye. The Committee is unhappy to note that not
only the capacity of the sewerage.plant.s Inadequate but some of these plants are not
functioning to their foil capacity or have to run on DG sets. The Committee
recommends that steps should be taken to strengthen the management of solid and
liquid municipal waste Infrastructure in the Agra city. The Committee also
recommends that the concerned authorities should ensure that there is. no dumping
of solid or liquid waste from within the municipal limits of Agra into the Yamuna
bed, without requisite treatment. The effluents related to waste water and sewage
surrounding the Taj Mahal should be properly treated before its discharge In the
designated areas. ·Necessary steps should also be taken to stop the bathing of
buffalos/anlmals In the river Yamuna/water bodies around the Taj Mahal
Immediately.
Construction of Yamuna Barrag£
45. The Committee observed that the situation of water m Agra was not good and that
the Yamuna behind the Taj Mahal haP become dry. The Committee enquired about the
step~ taken to improve the water supply in Agra and construction of Yamuna Barrage.
Th~ :::ommittee was infonned by the Chatrman, TTZ Authority that Okhla barrage in
Delhi was built by the British in 1874 to divert water for irrigation through Agra canal.
Since then Yamuna had been dry in Agra. He further stated that the Minister of
Irrigation, Government of UP had seen the same11nd announced that a small dar:~ will be
constructed at a small distance dov.:nstream the Taj Mahal to stop the water so that there
could be a water pooling 'behind the Taj. The Committee wondered ~ to how the
Government of Uttar Pradesh intended to have water flown to the periphery of the Taj
Mahal.
46. , The Committee Is or the, view that the Taj Mahal is losing Its sheen be~ause of
lack or water body behind it. The Committee feels that construction of the Agra
Barrage can permanently solve the water crisis of the city and also give a very scenic
view of the Taj Mahal to the tourists. However, how and from where water will
come to Agra has to be explored. The Committee has been given to understand that
no survey has been conducted §0 far to try to explore the potentialities of water in
the region. The Committee, therefore, recommends that a survey should be
u~>Jerta~en for mapping the sources of ·water mthe TTZ area at the earliest. The
Com,mittee also .recommends that the Gilvernment should explore all probable
options including consulting Union Ministries of Water Resources and Irrigation to
dtvise a mechanism to have water nown into at least in the periphery of Taj Mabal.
!:E_lludon from Leathsr Factories
47. The Committee observed that leather factorie~ were polluting the river Yamuna in
Ap·a and desired to know the steps taken io contain the same. The Committee was
informed by the UP pollution Control Board that there was only one tannery and that was
equipped with Effluent Treatmen! Plant (ETP) and industrial effluent was not directly
discharged into river Yamuna. ·
48. The Committee is of the view that leather tanneries have a huge polluting
effect. Although the Committee has been lnfortried that the only leather factory in
Agra is equipped with Effluent Treatment .Plant. the Committee suggests that
Government should ~nsure that the leather tannery at Agra does not have any
adverse effect on river Yamuna.
ROL~ OF AR'HAEOWGICA1 SURVEY OF INDIA
49. The Committee also sought the comments of the Archaeological Survey of India
on the findings of the two scientists from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. The
Committee was informed by the Archaeological Survey of India that air pollution has
always been a concern as far as conservation and preservation of the Taj Mahal is
cohcerned. Since the setting up of Mathura Refinery, many scientific instrtutions
including NEERI have carried out studies on this aspect. The Mathura Refinery was set
up in 1982. As a result of concerns from experts and scientists regarding the possible
em::.;ioo of Air Pollutants and its impact on Monuments, a wnt petition (C) No. 13381 of
1984 was filed by Shri M.C. Mehta in the Supreme Court in 19&4 against Union of!ndia
anrl was called for bearing by the Supreme Court. Since then a number of suitable
m~asures bave been taken to limit' the pollution level in the· vici'nity of Taj Mahal. On
January 19, 1998, the Hon'ble Supreme Court passed an order for setting of c0ntmuous
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station by AS! in the premises of Taj Mal1al. In
pur~uance of Hon'ble Supreme Court's order dated 24th March 1998, the momtoring
Station was shifted from N-W bUJj toN-E burj ofTaj Mahal. At present three stations are
run
being by the ASI, CPCB & the UPPCB respectively.
50. AS! further informed that some problems still persist due to operation of generator
sets around Taj Mahal during power cut. A cremation ground close to North West Burj of
the Taj Mahal t;nay also· be responsible for pollution due to burning of Biomass. Vehicle
load around the Taj Mahal may be considered another source of pollution.
51. News items and the related published article reported the outcome of the
,.. . ·- 'toring and. studies conducted on the marble sample for two months. Deposition of
; .:~ carbon and Brown carbon along with dust may interfere with the refractive index of
tt.~: ~.:can polished marble surface due to their light absorbing properties but this is only a
surface phenomenon and may be easily cleaned with regular intervention. As such. level
, : '.~nM and Dust pollution may vary fmm time to time depending upon the local climatic
•..: ••ditions and other .parameters.. Gaseous pollutants are under control. An air pollution
moritoring lab is also monitoring the· ambient air quati\)' and accordingly Northern Zone
01 Science Branch takes regular preveritiv~ mea~ures to minimize the effects nf dust
pollution and higher SPM level on marble and other building materials. To achieve this
objective, periodical cleaning is being carried out on different structural members of the
Taj Mahal using effective but safe methods. This mintmtzcs the poss1bdity of chemical
interaction of pollutants with building material. ·It has also been submitted that the
cleaning method in practice effectively removes the superficial loose inert ~urface
deposits. It may not be effective for the cleaning of hard crust or the encrustations
developed on the marble due to chemical interactions or mineralogical transformations.
Since Marble IS a hard stone having very low porosity, a preservative coat may not be
effective to protect the surface from the adverse effects of possible impact of air
pollutants. However this aspect is under consideration so that a safe yet effective
preservative coating material may be identified and evaluated for Its use. Treatment of
Main dome of the Taj Mahal is under consideration. ·
52. The Committee desired to know from the Archaeological Survey of TnJta as to
why after spending so much of money, dcposllion of light absorbing particulate matter is
causing substantial discolouration of the Taj Mahal. The Committee also asked
Archeological Survey of India to submit a report stating factual position With definite
tin •.: lines regarding the scientific conservation of Taj Mahal. Thereafter the AS!
forwarded an Action Plan to m1tigatc the yellowing of the marble of TaJ Mahal
(Annexure-liD which provides a pha~-wise action plan for the scientific conse1vation of
Taj Mahal. '·
53. When asked about t!Je ste'ps taken to reduce discolouration of TaJ Mahal, the AS!
stated that they had installed Air Pollution Monitoring Station in the premises of Taj
Mahal that continuously monitors the ambient air quality in the vicinity of Taj Mahal and
the effects of pollution on Taj. AS! also undcnakes cleaning of marble surfaces of Taj
through chemical treatment of the f~ade using very safe conservation 'measures. At
present, Clay Pack method is being used very effectively to remove harmful surface
deposits from the marble surface and to maintain the aesthetic beauty of the, Taj Mahal.
This method is considered very safe as tt involves minimal use of chemicals and almost
no mechanical efforts. .
54, Tqe Committee visited the Taj Mabal complex on the lith April 2015. The
Committee observed that damage had been caused to the Taj Mahal over a period of time .
.,..he Committee inspected the conservation work being carried out by Archaeological
y of India and was of the view that the repair/conservation work at tl1e Taj Mahal
,;a:; uot satisfactory. The Committee also observed that the interiors of the circular rings
on the minarets had become dirty and turned blackish. Further, the interiors of the
.. tt::,,))eum, including the chambers of the inner dome and floral panels had become dirty
a..u required scientific cleaning.
55. The Committee is of the view that increased pollution Is taking a toll on the
Taj Mabal. The sorry state of affairs at Taj Mahal clearly Indicates that concerned
authorities have failed to devise a eo-ordlnated action plan to fully comply with the
'41'
'l·
orders of .the Supreme Court and to discllllrge their duties with regard to
preservation of the Taj. Although some steps have been taken in this direction, a lot
more needs toi be done withiJJ a specified time frame. The Committee recommends
tbat the Archaeological Survey of India should take urgent remedial measures for
completion of works at the 'site. The CommJttee also recommends that the
Archaeological Survey of India should explore the po&~lbility of utilizing the
erpel1ise of foreign experts, if required, for the conservation/preservation of Taj
Mahal. Further, the Archaeological Survey of India should prepare a holistic and
comprehensive action plan for the protection. and conservation/preservation of Taj
Mahal, .to be implemented withhi a drrie bound manner.
CONCLUSION . . .
56. The Committee is of the view that Taj Mah.al is a symbol of lndia~s national
pride and heritage and a m.ulti-pronged strategy is required to address the challenge
of preserving the pristine beauty of this world famous historic monument. The
C..;cnmittee, therefore, recommends that aU · concerned Central and State
Government agencies and the public at large should come together and work in
c~ordlnatlon with each other to reduce the pollution level in TIZ ~nd to ·ensure that
the glory and beauty of Taj Mabal Is restored not only for today but for years,
decades and centuries to come. The Committee further recommends that the orders
of the Hon'ble Supreme Court on whole are (aitbfull.y implemented in letter and
spirif and In case any clarifications/modifications are required with regard to the
directions/orders issued by the Hon'ble Supreme Court, a suitable application for
the same may be made before the Court.
57. The ASl has submitted an interim Action Plan for preservation of the Taj.
T~e Action Plan should be strictly Implemented and a monthly progress report is
submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change in this regard
until all the actions proposed in the said plan have been fully implemented.
 I
. I
FINAL REPORT

COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (CEMP)

FORT AJ TRAPEZIUM ZONE (TTZ) AREA

Sponsor

Agra Development Authority (ADA)

AGRA

•
CSIR-Natioral Environmental Engineering
Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg,
Nagpur • 440 020 (India

December, 201.3
 Table of Contents.
I

TN0.-1 Contents · .\
'I
Pag--;1
-- I
Chapter 1
_1.g__J_0tro~~ ---·· 1.1
·--- l.
1 '1 i
Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ), Agra :-Status and Chronology I 1.1
1 of Events . ·
1.2 LHon'ble Supreme Court Orders (Air Pollution Control) 1.4
1
1.3 Present Study 1.4
U~i ;Study Area 1.5

I ('.
! -
1.3.2
:-----·. -
1.3.3
Scope of the Work
Study Methodology and Report
· Chapter 2
-
~~~------1:6-l
1.5

2.0 I Air Environment ·---~-- - - - - - - - - - - · - 1 - - 2.1~3

2.1 Present Status of Air Environment In TTZ Area 2.1
2.1.1 Air Quality Status Of Agra City 2.1
~----~~- -4----
,?.1 :.!:_~- Analysis of Air Quality Data (CPCB) ~- __ . -----r--2._2_ i
2.1.1.2 Annual Variation In AQ Levels : 2.3 --~
~.1.3 Analysis of Air Quality Data (UPPCBL_ _ ___ _ _ __,_:__2 5_ _ ,
\ 2.1.1.4 Analysis of Air Quality Data (AS I) ___ ---~- 25 1
2.1.1.5 Monthly Mean Values At Uppcb M_o~itoringStations (2011) 2.6_ ~ _1

-l
'I

\2.1.1.6+ Monthly Variation In Air Quality Data Measured Using \ 2.6

:~ Analyzer i
I
Air Quality Status of Firozabad City, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _----J,_ 2:81
2.1.3 Air Quality Status of Mathura City 2.9
r - - - ·r ---,----,----,----t-----4
2.1.4 Air Quality Status of Bharatpur City
1
2.11
2.2 Meteorology ofThe Region 2.13
2.2.1 Analysis of Meteorological Data 2.13
---+---1
~~2.~3--~S_o_u_~_es_o~.f~A_ir_P_ol~lu_tio_n_l_n~TT_Z_A~r_ea_~--~---------+---2._13__ :
2.3.1 Industrial Sources___ _. 2.13 ·
2.3.2 Vehicular Sources 2.15
2.3.2.1 Traffic Count at Important Lecations 217
2.3.3 Status Of OG Sets in TTZ_A_re_a._-,- - - - . , - c .. - - - - - - · __2_2Q .J
' 2.3.3.1 Status of DG Sets In Agra : 2.20 I
2.3.3.2 Status of DG Sets in Firozabad -- T 2.21 I
Status of DG Sets in Mathura --T-222-1
i Air Quality Manag~~ent Plans r -2'2J-i
1 - - - - - + - - - - - - - - -- ---------- --~-- - - - <
Summary of Air Quality Of TaJ Mahal and 1n TTZ Area i 2 23~
2..y~ ! Measures taken 1n Pa~for lmprovement_~n_ A1r Quallty_?LD'=t=t2.2~
2. Road Networks and Traffic Management 2.25 ,
2." ...; ·1 Vehicle Inspection And Maintenance Related Aspects - 2~2~

I •
 t-f.No'-f
I 3.0 1
Table of Contents (Contd.)
Chap!" -~- --~- _ G_ontents . - =-~--.
3
Water Supply, Sewerage & Dra1nage
- ___ tge
· ·-~- _j
No~j

I 3.1 I Situational Analysis -----------

31 I
r

~-r- ~:l
~----

I 3.1 '1 Major Issues

3.1 .2 Water Harvesting Works In Agra By Social Forestry Divi
-----
3. 1.3 Projects Under Execution
-----~

3.2 Water Ava!l_aE_~~T_TZ__ _. ____ ---- 3.5 .

----· - 3T-l
3.2.1 Ground Water Level
3.2.2 Water Supply And Demand
--- --
-~~
3.3 Proposals In COP 3.7 '
----+~----j
3.3.1 Water Supply 3.9 i
3.3.2 Sewerage 3.10 l
- ~--3-.-10- -~
·------ -

fJ.3.2.1 Waste (,eneratlon

1
lr---+1~.,---~-,-,-------~-----------__j___'- - - i
I
; · 3.3.2.2 Policy Decisi'ons 3 12 j

-+---- l
3.3.3 Storm Water Drainage 3.15 ! 1
1----+----'-----=<----------------r--- -~
~.::_:_-+_E_xi-'-st_in::e..g
3.3.3.1· _D_ra_in_a"'"ge__Z_o_n~es__ --~------ ------------,-- 3. 15___ j
3.3.3.2 Major Existing Drains \3.17 1

3.3.4 Industrial Wastewater Treatment 3.19 I

3.3.4.1 Electroplating Industry
-----------------
3.4 Water Quality Issues In River Yamuna
3.5 Post-Projects Evaluation Report By NEERI 3.28 l
Chapter4
f----+----=------------- - - - - - - - - - -..----1-----
0 4.0 i Wastewater Management in TT? Area _
4.1 ! Status Of Sewerage and Sewage Management in the_T_TZ ___ ~~ 1
4.1
.
4.2 Storm Water Management in The nz
--,---+---.-- ----·
4.2!
~-3 !I 'Status
----
of lndustnes and Effluent Discharges 1r:1 the TTZ
.
4.4
-------+--------<
'
4 ::fficacy of Preventive and Contra~ Measures in n;,._ ___-+--_4_.6__ ~
4.,1 . Prioritized List of Actions required for Effective EMP ___4__.9___ 1
Implementation in. the nz .. _ i
___±_. ~2__ _J
4 12
.4r. ?reposed Projects on Sewerage Sy-- - - - - -
' 4l, 1 Agra I
~~-- - --- .. -I
4.6.:-> Mathura and Vrindavan.
1
4.12
4.6.3
4.6.4
1 Firozabad
I Bharatpur
__
--------------
__:_ _ ______,_
I

I 4.12
4.12
I
J

4.6.5 Fatehpur Sikri 4.12 i

Proposed Projects for the Stormwater Dra1nage in the TIZ ___
------
4.7 --
4.12 1
4.7.1 Agra 4.12 _j
 Table of Contents (Contd.)

S.No. Contents _______ -~1Page-N~1·

4.7.2 Mathura I 4.13
1 - - - - - - - - i - - - - - - - - - ------- - - - - - - - - - ----------~--------
4. 7.3 Vrindavan 1
: 4.13
4.7.4 Stormwater System in Bharatpur and Fatehpur-Si~~ ! 4.13 - 1

----s -+incfustriai-E~isetl8r9eS- - - ----- ----. -T-- 4T-- j

9 Evaluation of the Proposed Pr~ects onSewerage Management I --4.14 l:
--1---7----- .. - - - - - ----- ---- - - - - - ---- .__,
9.1 Agra [ 4.14 .
4.9~2- Evaluation of the Proposed Projects on Sewerage Management I -4~-!
I
1n Mathura & Vnndavan ' ~
4.9.3 1Evaluation of the Proposed Projects on Wastewater Management : 4.16 1

in Firozabad
1 ---~-- -----1
4.9.4 Evaluation of Proposed Projects for Wastewater 4.17 [ 1

Mana•n•... ement in Bharatpur _____ ____ _ 1' __ _;

4.9.5 Evaluation of Proposed ProJects for Wastewater Management In 4.17 1

Fatehpur Sikri _____ I

4.1 o 'Evaluation of The Proposed Storm water Management Projects in 4.18 i.

theTIZ
4.10.1 Agra 4.1~
4.1 0.2 M~thura and Vrindavan 4.18
---. ---+-.,-------------------------i------1
Chapter 5
,___,.; 11
~--·O__t-S_o_li_d_W_a_s_te_M_a_n--'ag,_e_m_e~nt_i_n_TT--:--Z_A~re_a______=---;.,_,-----r!__5_.1___----1
5.1 Existing Status of Solid Waste Ma_nagement in nz
Area 5.1
----1
I
t'. i. · Existing,Status of Municipal Sb!id Waste· Management in TIZ 1 5.1 •
------~---- -~
Area
--
·
-----------~--- -----+-----1
i I
£?.. Existing Status of Industrial Waste Mal'lagement 5.8
5.1.3 Existing Status Of Biomedical Waste Management 5.10 :
() r--- ~ -----------+-- --------1

f----a--n-t~:~tr:h:nslve'E"nvironmental ManagementancfAction Plan for-- j · · -6~1-i

Ir-:--::- lrrz
u.v ~----~ ·---~
-·+---
I 6.1 Air Environment and Act1on Plan for TTZ
---·-·- ---- -

6.1.1 Implementation of EMP and Proposed Proje_cts

--:---
6.2 Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage
-
6.2.1 Proposed Strategies_____
6.2.11 Water Supply 6.8 I

---t-~~-~H
---~-·

i 6.2.1.2 Sewera~-------
6.2. 1.3 Drainage ~xstem 6.9
. '
--
6.2.2 Environmental improvement Action (-)1()
---- - - - - ----+----
l
6.2.2.1 Prevention of Pollution in River Yamuna
----L---~~
6.2.2.2 Preservation and Conservation of Water Bodies and ' 6.11 ·,
Development of New Parks
 Table of Contents (Contd.)
----
,-"-------,--- -·
S.No. co-nt-en-ts-- - - TPage--NOl
16.2.2.3 Conserve Ground--W-a-te-rR-es~u-rc_e_s-By A-d-op-ti~g -R-a-in-w-at_e_r_-- ~.111
Harvesting Tech~i_qu_e_s___________ _ _ _ ___ L _ _j
16.2.2.4 Proposed Schemes for Enwonmentallmprovement in Agra
6.2.3 Recommendations 1n Other Documents
--

6.2.4 Provisions .in Other TTZ Cities_____

•---~--·

~-
------ ---- - - - - - - - - - ---;---1
6.2.4. 1' Mathura-Vrindavan
··Ft:- 6 11

6.13
I

I
-
6.2.4.2 Firozabad. ' 6.14
6.3 Wastewater Management I 6.14
-- Sewerage System
·~-------·- ----------
6.14 I
r-
b.3-.i Storm Water Management 6.15 1
t--·--· -~---- ---
6.3.3 Industrial Effluent Management 6.15
~- --

r-
Conclusions
- I 6.16
-~
6.4 Solid Waste Management ·, 6.20
--------
T1
--·
MSW Management Plan for TIZ i
·-·-r--
6.20
---
---6.4.1.1 MSW Management Plan for AGRA 6.20
I

- '..
6.4.1.2 MSW Plan for Other Towns under TTZ I 6.23
6.4.2 Industrial Waste Management Plan for TIZ I 6.23
6.4.3 Biomedical Waste Management Plan for TIZ I 6.24
6.4.4 Developmental Plans.of Different Organizations
·6.5 IAdministrative Mechanism for Effective and Efficient Functkming of
nzAuthc:.~!L
HNJ
6.26 I

--

'•I
 M
'J_(\'f5

List of Tables
---------------------,
lr~.~l Title Page 1.

! No. 1

t-2-.1-.1---+----·-------------
Details of Air Quality Stations in ~gra __ __
- - - - - __,_
_ --\- --~:_~
__ J No.

r- -
I 2.1.2 Summary of Annual Averag.e AAO Levels 1r, Agra City. · 2.2 ', 1

(Monitored by CPCB during ~002-2010)______ I

~~~3
i

summary of Annual Average AAQ Levels in Agra City - T6 -~ --f

\(Monitored by UPPCB during 2002-2010) -~----<
2.1.4 Monthly Mean Values at Bod/a And Nunhai during 2011 1 2.6 :
'(UPPCB Monitoring Stations) _L___j
2.1.5 Summery of Monthly Average Air Quality Data of Firozabad City I 2.11

--
1
1

c
1

(September 2004 to August 2010) I 1

2.2.1

2.3.1 Number of Total Register~d Vehicles and Yearly Growth Rate 2.16
l (As On March 31 51 ) ·
~---+~--------~---------------------------r----~
2.3.2 Number· of Registered VE;hicles in Agra (Se !ember 30, 2011) 2.17 1

2.3.3 Traffic Count at Three Major Locations in 'Agra and Mathura 2.18
(Number of Vehicles in 24 Hrs) -----·
2.3.4 Details of DG Sets In Agra· ( CPCS - 20~2_,_)_ __
2.3.5 Projected Details of DG Sets in Agra (2011)
~~~~--~--------~
2.3 n c.apacity-wise Gas Based Gen Sets/ DG Sets in Industries in 2.21 1
1 F1rozabad 1

ru.~~~fiedKe'YiSsues with Their Current Status related t~ Road --~2~26

I N;twork and Traffic Management 1n Agra ·
1
1--2-.4-.2-+ Age Limit for i:lifferent Types of Comme~~iVeh1cl~s for Ag-;;---
·-2.27 - '
1
'i TTZArea (Fixed by the RTNSTA) ________ ·--~ -~
1--2-.4-.3-+)-Fa-ta-li-ty Risk in Agra and _Other M~?r C~ties of UP (2007_) ··--·· .U~~~
3.3.1 1 Proposed Water Supply and Sewerage Work under CDP with
+-- ·-'
· 3.7 1

Public and Private Sector Sharing _____ ·__ . ____ . .

3.4.1 Water Quality (DO:BOD) ot'Yamunil Riv eratWaterWorks · 3.21,
-----+' ___ __;
1

(U/S, DIS) ---------

3.4.2 Water Quality (DO-BOD) .Profile of Yamuna River during 3 25 1

1997. 2003
-
4.1.1 Status of Sewerage Network in the TTZ
- --------4----i I 4.1 I
1
--·-- · - - r - - - - - t
4.1.2 Status of Sewage- Manage;nent Syst-ems and Treated . 4.3
l
I, 1

Effluent Quality in TIZ

----------+-'- -
Status of Storm Water Network m th e TTZ
l
1-- - --,----4.5 i
4.2.2 Water Quality Status of Drains in Ma thura in TTZ . 4.5!
4 ' ' Status of Industries in the TTZ
----- 1------
,___ __ Quantum
4.3.2
-
of Industrial (Water) Polluti
.
on in the TTZ
----P~s-~
_J ~-J
••

List of Tables (Contd.)

I Table ~----- --~- -Titl_e_ -- ----- ---Pag-;-1
1
I No. No.
,____4_.4-.1-+E-ffi--,c--ac--y-o-f-P-re-v--en-ti-ve_a_n_d_C_o_n-tr-ol M--;a-s'u--re-s=in=n==z~===~---+·r·
~4_~_7__ ~:
4.q Prioritized List of Actions required for Effective EMP
Implementation in the TIZ
49 1
4.9.1 1
1 Details of Sewer Wor_k_b-ei-ng-ca-rr-ie_d_o_u_t at Agra - - - - - ~-1-5-
~-----~------
4.9.2 Status of the Sewerage Projects in the TTZ --} 4.17
4.10. 1 \•Status of the Storm water Projects under JNNURM for the •
. 4.19
·nz
~---+--~-----------------~-----------~-
· 1

_____ _u~
~:~­ Quantity and Characteristics of MSW in Agr!'l
~ Temporary Storag_e for Collection of Solid Waste ______ J_?~U
5. 1.3 Vehicles Fleet of Nagar Nigam 5.4 i
5.1.4 Details of Proposed SWM, Projects at Mathura under JNNURM 57 [
Scheme -----------1
5.1.5 Cluster of Industries Located at Agra __2_?. ,
i 5.1.6 Quantity of Solid Waste. Generated from Different Categories of 5.91
-+-_ln_du_s_try'-------------------------- ___ __:
'1 _ _ _

I 5.1.7 Biomedical Waste Generation Sce_nario -~.t Hospit~s of Agra 5.11 i

6.1.1
I
Sfatus and Suggested Action Plans for Different Sectors/Activities 6.1~
Leading to Minimization/Reduction of Air Pollution in TTZ Region
~---+----~-----------------~---------~--~---~
6.1.2 List of Proposed Dev~lopmental ProJects for the Agra CityfTTZ . 6.6 1

I Area -
Wastewater Maflagement Pl~he ~----------+--6=-._16= _j
!
! 6.3.1
6.3.2 ! Status and Suggested Action Plans for 01fferent Sectors/Activities : 6.18
1 Leading to Minimization/Reduction- of Water Pollution in TTZ I
~~~ . i
L_____L______ _____ --~--- l ___ _
List of Annexures
A1nexure Title ) Page ;
' No. : No. I
f-------2-.1-'--+--Li-st_o_fA-ir_P_o_llu-ti-on-ln-du_s_tri-es-in_A_g-ra---~----~t;
~-3-.1--+-.Works done by Forest Department for Harvesting Water ..:.-t---iJ2i
! Creation of Water Bod1es ! 1

l--3-.2-_,_fE:=:-x-=-c-::.:erp:.: t;_:__s=-from the CPCB "Proposal on Priority Pr0Jects--f3JS:

under the Taj Protection Mission", prepared in February
1
1
.

'--_ _ _ j2002 ·--- · - - - - __ · --~-·--.

•:

Shiftin~ of rndustries in Agra- Da1nes. petha

Shifting of industries in Agra- Tannery, electroplating and leather
Establishment of new industrial estate at Firozabad

Based on the analysis of secondary data. it 1s felt that solid waste management
problem is one of the 'maJor issues emerging out due to the activ1ties of industries.
Uncontrolled disposal of waste is likely to affect health, environment and aesthetics.
Other towns under TTZ are lagging behrnd in developing appropriate MSW
management system. Though the task of improvemeni has been initiated through
various proposals u'nder different schemes (JNNI:JRM etc:), the development is in
' '

preliminary stage in these. towns. Quality of SWM service Is low in some parts of Agra
also. Biomedical waste management is another aspect which needs more improvement
() in Agra, Firozabad, Fatepur-Sikri, Mathuni and Bharatpur.

6.5 Suggested Administrative Mechanism for Effective and Efficient

Functioning of TIZ Authority

For effective functroning, execution and mo1'11toring of various schemes for the
conservation of Taj Mahal, a secretariat for the m Authonty is suggested as per the
'·'· Jrls given below:

(i', Structure of nz Authority · There shall be a secretariat.· cnarred by the

Commissioner. Agra Division. Agra. assisted by a Member Secretary not below
the rank of officer of any cadre (IAS/IFSi with supporting staff and an
independent office. Necessary annual budgetary prov1sron shall be made

' '
available for the functioning of the offrcers and the staff of this secretar:at.
''----''
(ii) Function of the Secretariat Member Secretary of the Authorrty shall
coordinate all the official meetingslrnspectron/monitoring after approval from the
Chairman of them Authority/Commissioner. Agra.

(iii) Objective of the Authority Implementation of. the orders of th~ Hon'ble
Supreme Court of India passed from. time to time in various writ petitions and
monitoring on regular basis and submission of report before the Supreme Court
through Amicus Currae, as and when required.

(i\, Funding of the Authority : Annual budgetary provisions for the official
'
functioning of the TIZ will be carried out by the State of Uttar Pradesh. The
funding can also be generated/realized as penalty from the agencies yiolatrng
the order of the Supreme Court of India with respect to TIZ Authority. The

t\.26
 interest accrued from the penalties 1mposed by the Court can be utilized for
smoot~ functioning of the TIZ Authority. This may reduce the budgetary burden
of the State.

(v) Since Agra is the most important tounst destination of the country, it needs
urgent attention of the executives of the State as well as Central Government.
There needs to be t:.No' tier Committees - one at Government of India level and
second at the level of State of Uttar Pradesh. It is important because all the
· development activities are not only of serio'us concern but also are being dosely
monitored by the Apex Court of the country.

Centrai.Govemmen! shoulcl constitute a Monitoring Committee under the

('.
Chairmanship of the Cabinet Se.cretaty~ Government of India, with
. !

Secretary of Forests and Environment. Planhing Commission. Water

Resources, Tourism, Expenditure/Finance, Central Water Commission.
Surface Transport, Chairman, CPCB and Chief Secretary, Government of
Uttrar Pradesh as members. This Committee shall annually deyide on
the recommendations of the Standing Committee for provlcfing all support
- technical, financial and administrative, as desired by the Standing
Committee. An Annual Report may be placed by the TIZ Authority on
the progress made by both Committees.

• Similarly, Government of Uttar Pradesh should constitute another

Comm1ttee called the Standing Committee under Chairmanship of the
Chief Secretary of the State. assisted by Planning, PWD, Irrigation, DG,
Tourism and Commissioner. Agra (as Member Secretary) TIZ Autt1ority,
after detailed consultation w1th local people and their needs while
preserving the glory ofT AJ, shall formulate the Five Year Plan under the
ambit of EMP for future course of action and subm1t before the Standing
Committee of the State. After detailed deliberations on the proposed
action plan, this Committee shall suggest appropriate financial provrsion
and facilitate administrative support for execution in true spirit.
Recommendations ot this Committee should be sent to the Central
Monitoring Committee and placed before Supreme Court through the
Amicus Curiae

vi. All dev.elopn'lental planning in TIZ areas should be in coherence With the Master
Plan of the concerned area and EMP (Environmental Management Plan)

·6.27